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Periclimenes paivai Chace, 1969 Periclimenes paivai Chace, 1969: 259, figs. 5–7. Material examined. Brazil, São Paulo: 3 ♂, 6 ♀ (5 ♀ ov), CCDB 367, Cananéia, coll. A. Morandini, iv.1990; 1 ♀ ov, CCDB 3288, Cananéia, estuary, colls. R. Costa et al., 17.iv.2011; 2 ni, CCDB 3292, Cananéia, Ilha do Cardoso, colls. R. Costa & A. Castilho., 18.iv.2011; 1 ♀ ov, CCDB 3839, Cananéia, colls. R. Costa et al., 09.xi.2011; 1 ♀, CCDB 4592, Cananéia, coll. J. Pantaleão, 29.viii.2011; 1 ♀, CCDB 6196, Cananéia, coll. R. Costa, 20.v.2012. Distribution. Brazil (Paraíba, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Santa Catarina) (Chace 1969; Ramos-Porto & Coelho 1998; Pantaleão et al. 2016; Baeza et al. 2017). Remarks. Previous records from the coast of São Paulo include Ubatuba, São Sebastião, Santos, and Cananéia (Chace 1969; Martinelli et al. 2008). Sequences accession number (GenBank): CCDB 3292—16S (MF490226) (Mantelatto et al. 2018) Genus Typton Costa, 1844, Published as part of Mantelatto, Fernando L. & Al, Et, 2022, Checklist of decapod crustaceans from the coast of the São Paulo state (Brazil) supported by integrative molecular and morphological data: V. Dendrobranchiata and Pleocyemata [Achelata, Astacidea, Axiidea, Caridea (Alpheoidea and Processoidea excluded), Gebiidea, Stenopodidea], pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 5121 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5121.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6399728, {"references":["Coelho, P. A. & Ramos-Porto, M. (1998) Malacostraca-Eucarida. Palinuridae. In: Young, P. S. (Ed.), Catalog of Crustacea from Brazil, Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 6, pp. 387 - 392","Pantaleao, J. A. F., Carvalho-Batista, A., Fransozo, A. & Costa, R. C. (2016) The influence of upwelling on the diversity and distribution of marine shrimp (Penaeoidea and Caridea) in two tropical coastal areas of southeastern Brazil. Hydrobiologia, 763, 381 - 395. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10750 - 015 - 2429 - 4","Baeza, J. A., Barros-Alves, S., Lucena, R. A., Lima, S. F. B. & Alves, D. F. R. (2017) Host-use pattern of the shrimp Periclimenes paivai on the scyphozoan jellyfish Lychnorhiza lucerna: probing for territoriality and inferring its mating system. Helgoland Marine Research, 71, 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 10152 - 017 - 0497 - 8","Martinelli, J. E., Stampar, S. N., Morandini, A. C. & Mossolin, E. C. (2008) Cleaner shrimp (Caridea: Palaemonidae) associated with scyphozoan jellyfish. Vie et Milieu - Life and Environment, 58 (2), 133 - 140.","Mantelatto, F. L., Terossi, M., Negri, M., Buranelli, R. C., Robles, R., Magalhaes, T., Tamburus, A. F., Rossi, N. & Miyazaki, M. J. (2018) DNA sequence database as a tool to identify decapod crustaceans on the Sao Paulo coastline. Mitochondrial DNA Part A: DNA Mapping, Sequencing and Analysis, 29 (5), 805 - 815. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 24701394.2017.1365848","Costa, O. G. (1844) Su due nuovi generi di Crostacei decapodi macrouri. Annali delle Accademia degli Aspiranti Naturalisti, 2, 285 - 292."]}

A new genus and species in the caridean shrimp family Palaemonidae is described based on three type specimens collected at a depth range of 208–385 m off Guadeloupe, French Antilles. Zoukaris festivus gen. et sp. nov. shares many characters with several western Atlantic deep-water species currently assigned to Periclimenes Costa, 1844, as well as with the monotypic western Atlantic genus Diapontonia Bruce, 1986 and the Indo-West Pacific genus Echinopericlimenes Marin & Chan, 2014. Zoukaris gen. nov. can be separated from all of them by a unique combination of morphological features, especially the configuration of the dactylus of the ambulatory pereiopods. In addition, Periclimenes milleri Bruce, 1986 is recorded from the French Antilles based on a single specimen, also from Guadeloupe; its colour pattern is illustrated for the first time.

Periclimenes diversipes Kemp, 1922 (Fig. 2F) Material. 1 female & 1 male (ZUTC 6851), Hormuz Island, Persian Gulf, 27° 2’47.26”N, 56°29’42.29”E, sandy/ rocky with live and dead corals and cobbles, 02.04.2017, coll. H. Ashrafi. Habitat and habit. Hard corals were somewhere the specimens were found on. General distribution. Indo-West Pacific. Remarks. This species was identified with the help of Sammy De Grave, and its color pattern is consistent with that described by Bruce (1989)., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 525, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Kemp, S. (1922) Notes on crustacea decapoda in the Indian Museum. XV. Pontoniinae. Records of the Indian Museum, 24, 113 - 288.","Bruce, A. (1989) Periclimenes gonioporae sp. nov. (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae), a new coelenterate-associated shrimp. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 6, 149 - 156."]}

One species of Hippolytidae, Hippolyte californiensis Holmes, 1895, and one species of Palaemonidae, Periclimenes infraspinis (Rathbun, 1902), were collected in a single sample among sea grass in the northern Gulf of California, Mexico. Hippolyte californiensis is partly illustrated and compared to the descriptions available in the literature, noting minor differences with material from California where it was originally described. Diagnostic characters of P. infraspinis are also illustrated. Sex proportion and size distribution indicate a higher incidence of females (male : female ratio, 1 : 2.59), smaller size in males, a strong incidence of ovigerous females (31%), and a brood clutch of 82-200 embryos in P. infraspinis. In H. californiensis, males were more abundant (1.41 : 1), the incidence of ovigerous females was low (15%), and females carried 51-115 embryos. In both species, males, females, and ovigerous females were significantly different in size. These two species have not been reported as sympatric.

In symbiotic crustaceans, host-use patterns vary broadly. Some species inhabit host individuals solitarily, other species live in heterosexual pairs, and even other species live in aggregations. This disparity in host-use patterns coupled with considerable differences in host ecology provide opportunities to explore how environmental conditions affect animal behavior. In this study, we explored whether or not symbiotic crustaceans inhabiting relatively large and structurally complex host species live in aggregations. We expected Periclimenes paivai, a small caridean shrimp that lives among the tentacles of the large and morphologically complex scyphozoan jellyfish Lychnorhiza lucerna, to live in groups given that the host traits above constraint host-monopolization behaviors by symbiotic crustaceans. We described the population distribution of P. paivai during a bloom of L. lucerna near the mouth of the Paraíba River estuary in Paraíba, Brazil. The population distribution of P. paivai did not differ statistically from a random Poisson distribution. Male shrimps were most often found dwelling on the surface of L. lucerna individuals as small groups (2–4 individuals), in agreement with expectations. Periclimenes paivai is a sexually dimorphic species with males attaining smaller average body sizes than females and exhibiting no elaborated weaponry (claws). Females, but not males, experience positive allometry in cheliped size and were found living solitarily in small but not large host individuals. The above suggest that females might be territorial or that they might be competing for resources (i.e., food) likely expected to impact their reproductive output. Our results agree, but only partially, with the idea that large and morphologically complex host species should harbor non-territorial gregarious symbiotic crustaceans. Symbiotic crustaceans represent excellent models to improve our understanding about the conditions driving the social behavior of marine organisms.

Based on recently published molecular phylogenies of Indo-West Pacific palaemonid shrimps and further morphological evidence, the systematic position of several species of the polyphyletic genus Periclimenes is revised. The generic name Ancylocaris Schenkel, 1902 is re-established for the anemone-associated Periclimenes brevicarpalis. Actinimenes gen. n., is proposed for the anemone-associated Periclimenes inornatus, Periclimenes ornatellus and Periclimenes ornatus, all of which have a subspatulate first pereiopod. Cristimenes gen. n., is designated for the echinoderm-associated species, Periclimenes commensalis, Periclimenes cristimanus, and Periclimenes zanzibaricus, all with a unique carpo-propodal articulation of the second pereiopods. Rapimenes gen. n. is established for the hydroid and antipatharian-associated Periclimenes brucei, Periclimenes granulimanus, and Periclimenes laevimanus, for which the long, slender and unequal second pereiopods and prehensile ambulatory propodi are the main synapomorphic characters.

The spotted cleaner shrimp, Periclimenes yucatanicus (Ives, 1891), forms symbioses with sea anemones that may serve as cleaning stations for reef fishes [1]. This Caribbean palaemonid shrimp has usually been reported in symbiotic association with several species of actiniarian hosts, such as Condylactis gigantea (Weinland, 1860) and Bartholomea annulata (Le Sueur, 1817), or even with some corallimorpharians and a scyphozoan jellyfish [2]. During a field survey at Alacranes coral reef (26 June 2016; 2227.14? N, 8945.79? W; 13 m depth) on the Campeche Bank, Yucatán Peninsula, México, two spotted shrimps were observed swimming and walking above the polyps of the head coral Montastraea cavernosa (Linnaeus, 1767). Because none of the usual hosts of P. yucatanicus were detected nearby, we hypothesize that the shrimps were using the scleractinian coral as a host. Some other shrimp species commonly associated with actiniarians were previously reported to be living on stony corals, such as Ancylomenes holthuisi (Bruce, 1969) on Heliofungia actiniformis (Quoy and Gaimard, 1833) in New Guinea [3], and Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924 on Dendrogyra cylindrus Ehrenberg, 1834 in Curaçao [4]. The observation (see Figure 1) of Montastraea cavernosa hosting Periclimenes yucatanicus is the second report of a palaemonid shrimp in association with a scleractinian coral in the Atlantic Ocean. The ecological implications of this association are unknown but could be related to a low local availability of usual hosts. Fil: González Muñoz, Ricardo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina Fil: Garese, Agustin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina Fil: Acuña, Fabian Horacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina Fil: Reimer, James D.. University Of The Ryukyus; Japón Fil: Simões, Nuno. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México

Most marine palaemonid shrimp species live in symbiosis with invertebrates of various phyla. These associations range from weak epibiosis to obligatory endosymbiosis and from restricted commensalism to semi-parasitism. On coral reefs, such symbiotic shrimps can contribute to the associated biodiversity of reef corals. Among the host taxa, mushroom corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Fungiidae) are known to harbour various groups of symbionts, including shrimps. Some but not all of these associated species are host-specific. Because data on the host specificity of shrimps on mushroom corals are scarce, shrimp species of the genus Periclimenes were collected from mushroom corals during fieldwork in Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using molecular (COI barcoding gene) and morphological methods, three species of Periclimenes were identified: P. diversipes, P. watamuae and a species new to science, P. subcorallum sp. nov., described herein. Their host specificity was variable, with eight, three and two fungiid host records, respectively. It is concluded that shrimp species of the genus Periclimenes show much overlap in their host choice and that particular morphological traits in the host species appear to play a more important role than phylogenetic affinities within the host group.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:56:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-07-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) In southeastern Brazil, decapod crustaceans were found living in association with the scyphozoan jellyfish. In total, 2002 specimens of the Scyphozoa Lychnorhiza lucerna were collected of which 511 were associated decapods that were identified as three species of the crab Libinia ferreirae, Libinia spinosa, and one Grapsoidea sp. and two species of caridean shrimps Periclimenes paivai and Leander paulensis. This is the first record of an association between the caridean shrimp L. paulensis and a scyphozoan and the first report of symbioses involving the crabs L. spinosa and Grapsoidea sp. on the Brazilian coast. Sao Paulo State Univ, NEBECC Grp Studies Crustacean Biol Ecol & Culture, Dept Zool, Inst Biosci Botucatu, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, LABCAM Lab Biol & Ecol Marine & Freshwater Shrimp, Dept Biol, Fac Sci, BR-17033360 Bauru, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, NEBECC Grp Studies Crustacean Biol Ecol & Culture, Dept Zool, Inst Biosci Botucatu, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, LABCAM Lab Biol & Ecol Marine & Freshwater Shrimp, Dept Biol, Fac Sci, BR-17033360 Bauru, Brazil FAPESP: 2010/50188-8 FAPESP: 2014/13770-1 CAPES: 23038.004310/2014-85 CNPq: 406006/2012-1 CNPq: 305919/2014-8 CNPq: 308653/2014-9

The eight zoeal stages of the Mediterranean shrimp Periclimenes aegylios are described and illustrated in detail, using laboratory-reared specimens. This study improved the partial and unpublished descriptions of the zoeae of this species. The complete and accurate definition of the morphology of all the stages now allows comparison of the zoeae of P. aegylios with those of other Mediterranean Periclimenes species, as well as the allopatric Atlantic P. sagittifer, from which P. aegylios was separated in 1996.

Several species of palaemonid shrimps are known to act as fish-cleaning symbionts, with cleaning interactions ranging from dedicated (obligate) to facultative. We confirmed five evolutionarily independent origins of fish cleaning symbioses within the family Palaemonidae based on a phylogenetic analysis and the ancestral state reconstruction of 68 species, including 13 fish-cleaners from the genera Ancylomenes, Brachycarpus, Palaemon, Periclimenes, and Urocaridella. We focus in particular on two distantly related lineages of fish cleaning shrimps with allopatric distributions, the Indo-West Pacific Ancylomenes and the western Atlantic monophyletic Ancylomenes/Periclimenes group, which exhibit striking similarities in morphology, colouration and complex behaviour. Specifically, representatives of both lineages are similar in: (1) the general body shape and colour pattern; (2) the utilization of sea anemones as conspicuous cleaning stations; and (3) the use of sideways body swaying to visually promote their bright colour spots in order to attract fish clients. Such morphological, ecological and ethological convergences are apparently due to adaptations to fish cleaning linked to the establishment of similar modes of communication with fish clients in these species.

A new genus of the deep-sea pontoniine shrimps, Bathymenes gen. nov., is established for the ‘Periclimenes alcocki species group’ of the genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844. The new genus is distinguished from other genera of the Pontoniinae by a combination of characters: the posteriormost dorsal rostral tooth remote from other teeth, situated in the epigastric position, cornea usually reduced, the propodus of second pereiopods covered with fine granules, the dactylus of the major second chela being generally flanged, the ambulatory pereiopods with the dactyli being biunguiculate and telson with more than two pairs of dorsolateral spines. The genus is mainly distributed in the tropical to warm-temperate Indo-West Pacific waters at depths greater than 200 m. Fifteen species previously recognized as belonging to the ‘P. a lcocki species group’ are now placed in Bathymenes gen. nov. A key for their identification and a checklist of congeneric species are provided.

Cleaner shrimps are ecologically important members of coral reef communities, but for many species, cleaner status (i.e. dedicated, facultative and mimic), clientele and ecological role remain unverified or described. On Caribbean coral reefs, the spotted ‘cleaner’ shrimp Periclimenes yucatanicus forms symbioses with sea anemones that may serve as cleaning stations for reef fishes. The status of this species as a cleaner is ambiguous: only a single in situ cleaning interaction has been reported, and in the only test of its efficacy as a cleaner, it did not effectively reduce parasite loads from surgeonfish. It has subsequently been hypothesized by other authors to be a cleaner mimic. We conduct a comparative investigation of cleaning behaviour between P. yucatanicus and the ecologically similar, closely related, dedicated cleaner shrimp Ancylomenes pedersoni in Curacao, Netherlands Antilles. We provide the first detailed field observations on cleaning behaviour for P. yucatanicus and test multiple behavioural expectations surrounding mimicry in cleaning symbioses. We found that P. yucatanicus regularly signals its availability to clean, client fishes visit regularly and the shrimp does engage in true symbiotic cleaning interactions, but these are brief and our video reflects a species that appears hesitant to engage posing clients. In comparison to A. pedersoni , P. yucatanicus stations had significantly fewer total visits and cleans, and 50% of all cleaning interactions at P. yucatanicus stations were shorter than 10 s in total duration. Our behavioural observations confirm that P. yucatanicus is a true cleaner shrimp; we reject the hypothesis of mimicry. However, investigation is needed to confirm whether this species is a dedicated or facultative cleaner. We hypothesize that P. yucatanicus has a specialized ecological role as a cleaner species, compared to A. pedersoni .

A new palaemonid shrimp genus, Michaelimenes n. gen., is established for three Indo-West Pacific species, Periclimenes latipollex Kemp, 1922, Periclimenes perlucidus Bruce, 1969 (type species) and Periclimenes platydactylus Li, 2008. The present new genus can be immediately distinguished from other related genera by the combination of the second pereiopod with the dorsal flange on the dactylus, the proximal excavation on the fixed finger and the smooth propodus, and the unarmed, non-subspatulate fingers of the first pereiopod. The type species, Michaelimenes perlucidus, is recorded from Japan for the first time on the basis of 34 specimens associated with the alcyonacean genus Chironephthya Studer, 1887. The intraspecific morphological variation and host specificity of M. perlucidus are commented upon. Periclimenes involens Bruce, 1996 is regarded as a junior synonym of M. perlucidus.

Caridean shrimps are a highly diverse group and many species form symbiotic relationships with different marine invertebrates. Periclimenes rathbunae is a brightly colored shrimp that lives predominantly in association with sea anemones. Information about the reproductive ecology of the species is scarce. Therefore, we collected 70 ovigerous females inhabiting the sun sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus in coral reefs from the southern Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. Females produced on average 289 ± 120 embryos. The volume of recently-produced embryos was on average 0.038 mm3, and embryo volume increased by 192% during the incubation period. The average embryo mortality during embryogenesis was 24%. The reproductive output was 0.24 ± 0.094, considerably higher than in many other pontoniine shrimps. Females carrying embryos close to hatching showed fully developed ovaries, suggesting consecutive spawning. We assume that the sheltered habitat, living on sea anemones, allows Periclimenes rathbunae to allocate more energy in embryo production than most other free-living caridean shrimps. This is the first record of Periclimenes rathbunae for Costa Rica.

Two specimens of pontoniine shrimp, Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel, 1902), having a symbiotic relationship with sea anemones are reported for the first time in Korea. The specimens were collected by SCUBA diving in Jejudo Island. It has a transparent body with a few large white spots on the carapace, abdomen, telson and uropods. Blue bands are on the cheliped and pereiopods. Five brown eyespots with orange centers are on the telson and uropods. The morphology is described and illustrated with a color image of the living specimens. Two species of Korean Periclimenes, P. ornatus, and P. brevicarpalis, can be distinguished by the position of the anterior dorsolateral spine of the telson. This study extends its previously known range from Japan to Korea. Korean pontoniine now includes six species belonging to five genera of Conchodytes, Cuapetes, Onycocaris, Periclimenaeus, and Periclimenes.

It is generally considered that symbiotic organisms colonize their hosts during their early stages of development. The main goals of the present study were to assess whether post-settled (juvenile and adult) symbionts were able to colonize comatulid crinoids, and whether a hosts’ spatial distribution may influence the colonization pattern through a series of field recolonization experiments. Three series of experiments on recolonization of the comatulid crinoid Himerometra robustipinna were conducted in the Nhatrang Bay, South-China Sea, Vietnam. Ten species of macrosymbiont, 1 polychaetes, 1 gastropods, 1galatheids, 1 ophiurids, and 6 shrimps were found to be associated with H. robustipinna host in the controls and in the 3 experimental series. We found that symbionts rapidly colonized depopulated crinoids in all the experimental series. The prevalence was lower in the experimental series than in the controls butthe abundance, species richness were not significantly different. The presence of post-settled juveniles and adults in experimental series indicated migration from neighboring hosts. Dispersal strategies of symbionts varied: some of them such as the polychaete Paradyte crinoidicola, the gastropod Annulobalcis vinarius, and the galatheid Allogalathea elegans were rapid colonizers. The shrimps Periclimenes commensalis, Pontoniopsis comanthi, and ophiuroid Gymnolophus obscura demonstrated low colonization rate. The 1 and 2 experimental series showed that there was movement of symbionts in dense hosts’ aggregations or over short distances. Unexpectedly, the infestation characteristics of crinoids in the spatially isolated site (series 3) didn’t differ from that of crinoids from aggregations (series 1 and 2), which indicates that long distance (tens meters) migrations of crinoid symbionts also occurs.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:26:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Two coastal locations situated inside and outside an upwelling area were investigated to assess the influence of environmental factors on the structure of marine shrimp assemblages. The locations were Macaé in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), influenced by upwelling from Cabo Frio (RJ), and Ubatuba in the state of São Paulo, with no upwelling. Samples were collected monthly with trawl nets, in three sites in each location at depths of 5–20 m. The relationship between species abundance and environmental factors was tested by redundancy analysis. The total of 148,266 shrimp captured (102,832 from Macaé and 45,434 from Ubatuba) included 15 species, 13 genera, and 7 families. The caridean Periclimenes paivai was collected for the first time on the RJ coast, expanding its known geographical distribution. Higher richness and J′ and H′ values were obtained in the location under upwelling influence (Macaé). Environmental variables (granulometric composition and organic-matter content of sediment, bottom temperature, and salinity) were associated with the abundance of shrimp. Our results suggest that sediment type and temperature are among the most important variables affecting seasonal distribution of the species. However, other factors such as intraspecific migration might have also influenced the observed patterns. Laboratório de Biologia e Ecologia de Camarões Marinhos e de Água Doce (LABCAM) - Departamento de Ciências Biológicas UNESP Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências UNESP Núcleo de Estudos em Biologia Ecologia e Cultivo de Crustáceos (NEBECC) Laboratório de Biologia e Ecologia de Camarões Marinhos e de Água Doce (LABCAM) - Departamento de Ciências Biológicas UNESP Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências UNESP FAPESP: 2009/54672-4 FAPESP: 305919/2014-8

article i nfo In the symbiotic association that exists between cleaner shrimp Ancylomenes pedersoni (=Periclimenes peder- soni) and host sea anemones, specificity varies among populations, and shrimp are believed to search among different individual hosts for favourable positions from which to attract client fish. Four laboratory-based exper- iments were conducted to test host selection of A. pedersoni between the following: i) Bartholomea annulata (corkscrew anemone) and Condylactis gigantea (condy anemone), ii) B. annulata, with or without a conspecific resident, iii) a previously known or unknown B. annulata, and iv) a previously known or unknown C. gigantea. Preference (active selection) was distinguished from mere passive association by comparing shrimp acclimation to anemones offered in choice and no-choice (control) situations. The results were analysed using asymmetrical χ 2 contingency tables (in each experiment, n=60) where expected frequencies were obtained with maximum likelihood estimators. Shrimp acclimated more frequently to B. annulata than to C. gigantea, but they acclimated similarly to anemones with or without another resident and to those B. annulata and C. gigantea anemones that were familiar rather than unfamiliar. However, none of the χ 2 values were statistically significant (χ 2 df=1=0.48, 0.19, 0.42, 0.42; overall p>0.45), suggesting that preference may not be responsible for the as- sociation between adult A. pedersoni and its host anemones observed in the field. Differences in the frequency of association may be due to factors other than the active decisions made by shrimp when presented with more than one alternative host.

Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel, 1902) (Figure 3 B) Restricted synonymy: Ancylocaris brevicarpalis Schenkel, 1902: 563; Plate 13, figs 21 a���m. Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) brevicarpalis Kemp, 1922: 185, Figs. 40���42, pl. 6: Fig. 8 Periclimenes (Harpilius) brevicarpalis Holthuis, 1952: 10, 69��� 73, fig. 27. Periclimenes brevicarpalis Bruce, 1973: 133 ���134, fig. la, b. Bruce, 1974 b: 439 ���440. Bruce, 1983: 879, Fig. 7 D, E. Chace and Bruce, 1993: 104. Unmesh and Prakash, 2011, 17: 34, figs. 3���5. Material examined. 8 males and 6 female (3 ovigerous) (tl 2.6���3.4 cm, cl 5.5���7 mm), Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, depth 3 m, on Heteractis magnifica and Entacmaea quadricolor, (10 o 50 ��� 44.06 ���N 72 o 11 ���08.91���E), lagoon area, coll. S. Prakash and M. Gopi, 10 th March 2011, (MBRC /ZSI M 1-52) 4 individuals (2 ovigerous females and 2 males) (tl 3.0��� 3.5 cm, cl 6.0��� 6.5 mm), near Van Island, Gulf of Mannar, depth 4���5 m, on Stichodactyla haddoni (8 o 50 ���06.92���N 78 o 12 ��� 48.75 ���E), coll. T. T. Ajith Kumar, 12 th May 2013. Diagnoses based on the collected material. Specimens have five dorsal and one ventral tooth and the single male has six dorsal and one ventral tooth. The endopod of the male first pleopod is 2.3 times longer than broad and slightly expanded distally. The borders of the distal two thirds bear sixteen plumose setae, of which the distal are shorter than the proximal. Six simple submarginal setae are present along the distal third of the medial border. Ten short, curved, subequal, simple setae are present along two thirds of the medial border proximal to the plumose setae. The endopod of the male second pleopod bears a slender appendix, which slightly exceeds the appendix interna, and bears a single simple seta terminally with eight similar setae, of decreasing length proximally, along its lateral border. Telson and uropods have five orange spots bordered with black ring. Host. Associated with sea anemones like Heteractis magnifica and Entacmaea quadricolor from the lagoon area, Agatti Island, Lakshadweep at a depth of 2��� 3 m. Gulf of Mannar specimens were collected from the sea anemone Stichodactyla haddoni at a depth of 3��� 4m. Distribution. Red Sea, Djibouti, Kenya, Zanzibar, Tanzania, Mozambique, Madagascar, Seychelles, Mauritius, Persian Gulf, Maldives, south India, Andaman Islands, Malaya, Singapore, Vietnam, South China Sea, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Australia, Caroline Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands, and Marshall Islands. In India it has been reported from Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Tikader et al., 1986), Gulf of Mannar (Kemp 1922; Ramesh et al., 2008; Radhakrishnan et al., 2012), Gulf of Kuchchh (Unmesh and Prakash, 2011). Currently known from Agatti Island, Lakshadweep. Remarks. The specimens agree well with the previous descriptions and considered as well known commensal of giant sea anemones. It also clips and feeds on the tentacle of its host anemone without any evident benefit for the host (Fautin et al., 1995)., Published as part of Prakash, Sanjeevi, Kumar, Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith & Subramoniam, Thanumalaya, 2015, Notes on some Indo-Pacific Caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae and Gnathophyllidae) particularly from India, pp. 456-466 in Zootaxa 3914 (4) on page 461, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/236409, {"references":["Schenkel, E. (1902) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Dekapodenfauna von Celebes. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel, 13, 485 - 585, plates 7 - 13.","Kemp, S. (1922) Notes on Crustacea Decapoda in the Indian Museum, XV. Pontoniinae. Records of the Indian Museum, 24, 113 - 288, plates 1 - 9.","Holthuis, L. B. (1952) The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition. Part XI. The Palaemonidae collected by the Siboga and Snellius Expeditions with remarks on other species II. Subfamily Pontoniinae. Siboga Expeditie, 39 a 10, 1 - 253","Bruce, A. J. (1973) The pontoniinid shrimps collected by Yale-Seychelles Expedition 1957 - 58 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 24 (1), 132 - 142. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854073 X 00137","Bruce, A. J. (1974 b) A report on small collection of pontoniine shrimps from the northern Indian Ocean. Journal of Marine Biological Association of India, 16 (2), 437 - 454.","Bruce, A. J. (1983) Expedition Rumphius II (1975) Crustaces parasites, commensaux, etc. (T. H. Monod ed.) IX. Crustaces Decapodes (1 ere partie: Natantia Pontoniinae). Bulletin du Museum national d'Historie naturelle Section A, Zoologie, Biologi et Ecologie Animales, Paris, Serie 4 e, 5, 871 - 902.","Chace, F. A. Jr. & Bruce, A. J. (1993) The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 1910, part 6: Superfamily Palaemonoidea. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 543, 1 - 152. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.543","Unmesh, K. & Prakash, S. (2011) On a documentation of Haddon's carpet anemone (Stichodactyla haddoni) (Saville-kent, 1893) (Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Stichodactylidae) and its unique symbiotic fauna from Gulf of Kutch. Bugs R All. Newsletter of the Invertebrate Conservation and Information Network of South Asia, 17, 31 - 34.","Tikader, B. K., Daniel, A. & Subbarao, N. V. (1986) Sea shore animals of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 188 pp.","Ramesh, R., Nammalwar, P. & Gowri, V. S. (2008) Database on coastal information of Tamilnadu. Chennai, India: Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University, Chennai. Report submitted to Environmental Information System (ENVIS), Department of Environment, Government of Tamilnadu, 133 pp.","Radhakrishnan, E. V., Deshmukh, V. D., Maheswarudu, G., Josileen, J., Dineshbabu, A. P., Philipose, K. K., Sarada, P. T., Pillai, S. L., Saleela, K. N., Chakraborty, R., Dash, G., Sajeev, C. K., Thirumilu, P., Sridhara, B., Sreedhara, B., Muniyappa, Y., Sawant, A. D., Vaidya, N. G., Johny, R. D., Verma, J. B., Baby, K. G., Unnikrishnan, C., Ramachandran, N. P., Vairamani, A., Palanichamy, A., Radhakrishnan, M. & Raju, B. (2012) Prawn Fauna (Crustacea: Decapoda) of India - An Annotated Checklist of the Penaeoid, Sergestoid, Stenopodid and Caridean Prawns. Journal of Marine Biological Association of India, 54 (1), 50 - 72.","Fautin, D. G., Guo, C. G. & Hwang, J. S. (1995) Costs and benefits of the symbiosis between the Periclimenes brevicarpalis and its host Entacmaea quadricolor. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 129, 77 - 84. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 129077"]}

Key to species of the Periclimenes obscurus and Periclimenes granulimanus species groups 1. Ambulatory pereiopods without or with minute accessory tooth................................................. 2 - Ambulatory pereiopods with distinct accessory tooth......................................................... 6 2. One pair of dorsal telson spines; carapace without epigastric spine; first pereiopod coxa with ventral setose process, fingers with cutting edges distinctly gaping.............................. P. tonga Bruce, 1988 [associated with scyphozoans] - Two pairs of dorsal telson spines; carapace with epigastric spine; fingers with cutting edges not distinctly gaping.......... 3 3. First pereiopod coxa with ventral setose process; R. 9 / 2..... P. nomadophila Berggren, 1994 [associated with scyphozoans] ��� First pereiopod coxa without setose process................................................................. 4 4. Major second pereiopod extremely long and slender, overreaching scaphocerite by proximal merus, carpus longer than both chela or merus; walking dactyli feebly biunguiculate with short distoventral tooth on corpus, propodi with long spines arranged to 4 distoventral pairs....................................... P. b r u c e i Ďuri��, 1990 [associated with antipatharians] ��� Major second pereiopod longer than minor one, both pereiopods slender, overreaching scaphocerite by distal merus, carpus short ��� distinctly shorter than both chela or merus; walking dactyli simple or with rudimentary distoventral tooth on corpus, propodi with 1���3 single proximal spines in addition to 2���4 distoventral pairs of long spines......................... 5 5. Major second pereiopod smooth; minor second chela with cutting edges entire................................................................................................ P. laevimanus Ďuri��, 2010 [associated with hydroids] ��� Major second pereiopod granulate; minor second chela with 1���2 teeth on cutting edges................................................................................... P. granulimanus Bruce, 1978 [associated with antipatharians] 6. Carapace with isolated epigastric spine.................................................................... 7 - Carapace without epigastric spine........................................................................ 13 7. Ambulatory dactyli robust, with accessory tooth stout, subequal to unguis; R. 1 + 5 / 1.................................................................................... P. incertus Borradaile, 1915 [usually associated with sponges] - Ambulatory dactyli slender, without or with slender accessory tooth, shorter than unguis............................. 8 8. Second pereiopods subequal, similar, carpus about as long as palm.............................................. 9 - Second pereiopods clearly unequal and dissimilar, carpus shorter than palm...................................... 10 9. Unguis of dactylus of ambulatory pereiopods as long as corpus. R. 1 + 6-9 / 1 (rarely 2)................................................................................... P. obscurus Kemp, 1922 [associated with sponges and hydroids] - Unguis of dactylus of ambulatory pereiopods 0.65 times as long as corpus; R. 1 + 6-10 / 2 (rarely 3).................................................................................. P. macrorhynchia sp. nov. [associated with hydroids] 10. Rostral lamina deep, 13���17 dorsal teeth, 3 or 4 ventral teeth.... P. hongkongensis Bruce, 1969 [associated with holothurians] - Rostral lamina not deep, less than 11 dorsal teeth, 1 or 2 ventral teeth.......................................... 11 11. Dorsal telson spines minute: major chela 4.3 times longer than wide, finger length 0.4 times palm: dactylus with accessory spine 0.5 times unguis; R. 1 + 8 / 1..................... P. toloensis Bruce, 1969 [associated with Gorgonaria and hydroids] - Dorsal telson spines normal............................................................................ 12 12. Fourth thoracic sternite with transverse ridge with keyhole shaped median notch; R. 1 + 8-9 / 2............................................................................................. P. terangeri Bruce, 1998 [host not known] - Fourth thoracic sternite lacking transverse ridge with median notch...... P. delagoae Barnard, 1958 [associated with ���coral���] 13. First pereiopod with carpus much shorter than chela; subequal to palm; R. 6 / 1.............................................................................................. P. batei (Borradaile, 1917) [associated with Alcyonacea - First pereiopod with carpus subequal to or longer than chela................................................... 14 14. Second pereiopods slender, subequal, with fingers of major chela subequal to palm, carpus more than half palm length; R. 9��� 10 / 2...................................................... P. sinensis Bruce, 1969 [associated with Alcyonacea] - Second pereiopods robust, markedly unequal, with fingers of major chela distinctly shorter than palm, major carpus ca half palm length; R. 8���11 / 1���2...................................... P. burrup Bruce, 2007 [associated with Alcyonacea], Published as part of Eilbracht, Joni & Fransen, Charles H. J. M., 2015, Periclimenes macrorhynchia sp. nov., a new hydrozoan-associated pontoniine shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) from North East Kalimantan, Indonesia, pp. 377-395 in Zootaxa 3994 (3) on page 394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3994.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/240186, {"references":["Bruce, A. J. (1988) Periclimenes tonga sp. nov., a commensal shrimp associated with a scyphozoan host from Tonga (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae). Micronesica, 21, 23 - 32.","Berggren, M. (1994) Periclimenes nomadophila and Tuleariocaris sarec, two new species of pontoniine shrimps (Decapoda: Pontoniinae), from Inhaca Island, Mocambique. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 14 (4), 782 - 802. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1548872","Duris, Z. (1990) Two new species of the palaemonid shrimp genus Periclimenes from the Maldive waters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae, 54, 1 - 8.","Duris, Z. (2010) Periclimenes laevimanus sp. nov. from Vietnam, with a review of the Periclimenes granulimanus species group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Pontoniinae) Zootaxa, 2372, 106 - 125.","Bruce, A. J. (1978) A report on a collection of pontoniine shrimps from Madagascar and adjacent seas. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society of London, 62, 205 - 290. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1978. tb 01039. x","Borradaile, L. A. (1915) Notes on Caridea. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 15, 205 - 213. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931508693629","Kemp, S. (1922) Notes on Crustacea Decapoda in the Indian Museum, 15. Pontoniinae. Records of the Indian Museum, 24, 113 - 228.","Bruce, A. J. (1969) Preliminary descriptions of sixteen new species of the genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia, Pontoniinae). Zoologische Mededeelingen, 43 (20), 253 - 278.","Bruce, A. J. (1998) Pontoniine shrimps from Moreton Bay, Queensland (Crustacea: Decapoda, Pontoniinae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 42, 387 - 398.","Barnard, K. H. (1958) Further additions to the crustacean fauna-list of Portuguese East Africa. Memorias do Museu Dr. Alvaro de Castro, 4, 3 - 23.","Borradaile, L. A. (1917) The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardiner, M. A. No. VIII. On the Pontoniinae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 17, 323 - 396. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1917. tb 00470. x","Bruce, A. J. (2007) Palaemonoid shrimps from the Dampier Archipelago (Crustacea: Decapoda), with a review of the Western Australian pontoniine shrimp fauna. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 73 (Supplement), 97 - 129."]}

Periclimenes yucatanicus (Ives, 1891) (Fig. 1 B) Material examined. 1 ov. female, Ilha de Santa B��rbara (17 �� 57 ��� 34 ���S 38 �� 42 ��� 15 ���W), coll. R.M.C. Barbosa & L.M. Fernandes, 30.viii. 2013, 8.6 m, on sea anemone (see below), UESC 1547. Distribution. Western Atlantic���Florida, Mexico, West Indies, Colombia and Brazil (Bahia, Esp��rito Santo) (Ramos-Porto & Coelho 1998; Coelho & Ramos-Porto 1998; Wirtz et al. 2009). Previous records from Abrolhos. None. Remarks. This is the first record of P. yucatanicus from the Abrolhos. The single specimen was found in association with the sea anemone Condylactis gigantea (Weinland, 1860); the same shrimp-host association was reported by Wirtz et al. (2009) in Esp��rito Santo., Published as part of Soledade, Guidomar O., Fonseca, Mytalle S. & Almeida, Alexandre O., 2015, Shallow-water stenopodidean and caridean shrimps from Abrolhos Archipelago, Brazil: new records and updated checklist in Zootaxa 3905 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3905.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/244578, {"references":["Ives, J. E. (1891) Crustacea from the northern coast of Yucatan, the harbor of Vera Cruz, the west coast of Florida and the Bermuda Islands. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1891, 176 - 207, pls. 5 - 6.","Coelho Filho, P. A. & Coelho, P. A. (1998) Descricao de tres especies novas de Chasmocarcinus Rathbun (Crustacea, Decapoda, Goneplacidae), do litoral brasileiro. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 15, 799 - 814. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0101 - 81751998000300024","Wirtz, P., Melo, G. & De Grave, S. (2009) Symbioses of decapod crustaceans along the coast of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Marine Biodiversity Records, 2 (e 162), 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 175526720999087 x","Weinland, D. F. (1860) Uber Inselbildung durch Korallen und Mangrovebusche im mexikanischen Golf. Wurttembergische Naturwissenschaftliche Jahreshefte, 16, 31 - 44."]}

Periclimenes macrorhynchia sp. nov. (Figs. 1���8) Material examined. 1 ovigerous female holotype pocl. 2.1 mm, MZB Cru 4193 (GenBank accession number: KT 031403); 1 male allotype pocl 2.2 mm, RMNH. CRUS.D. 57198 (GenBank accession number: KT 031404); 4 ovigerous female paratypes pocl. 2.15���2.35 mm, MZB Cru 4194, 4 ovigerous females pocl. 2.05���2.38 mm, 1 nonovigerous female pocl. 2.20 mm, 1 male pocl. 1.8 mm, paratypes RMNH. CRUS.D. 57199: Indonesia, NE Kalimantan, Berau Islands, off Tanjung Batu, 02˚ 14 ' 47.6 "N, 118 ˚05' 36.6 "E, scuba diving, 13.x. 2003, depth unknown, on hydrozoan Macrorhynchia spec., collected by J. van Egmond, stn BER. 19. Material examined for comparison. Periclimenes batei (Borradaile, 1917): 23 specimens, RMNH. CRUS.D. 57200 (GenBank accession number: KT 031405): Indonesia, N Sulawesi, E Sarena Besar, 1 �� 27 ' 34.1634 "N 125 �� 14 ' 1.896 "E, depth 18 m, on Dendronephthya spec., 31.i. 2013, collected by B.T. Reijnen, stn LEM.03. Periclimenes burrup Bruce, 2007: 1 male and 1 female paratype, RMNH. CRUS.D. 50539: Western Australia, Burrup Peninsula, 20 ˚ 31.586 ���S 116 ˚ 51.088 ���E, 11 m, 27.x. 1998, on Dendronephthea spec., Dampier Archipelago Survey Stn DAI/ 98 / 30. Periclimenes hongkongensis Bruce, 1969: female holotype, RMNH. CRUS.D. 33227: Hong Kong, Rocky Harbour, 22 ˚ 20 ���N 114 ˚ 21 ���E, depth 14 fms, 16.i. 1965, on holothurian Aphelodactyla andamensis (Bell), Cape St. Mary, Cr. 2 / 65. Periclimenes nomadophila Berggren, 1994: holotype female, allotype male, RMNH. CRUS.D. 42892; 10 female paratypes, RMNH. CRUS.D. 42893; 10 male paratypes, RMNH. CRUS.D. 42894: Mo��ambique, outside Ilha dos Portugueses, close to the northern half of Inhaca Island, ca. 26 ˚S 33 ˚E, 17.iii. 1992, from pelagic rhizostomatous scyphozoans Rhopilema nomadica Galil. Periclimenes obscurus Kemp, 1922: 7 specimens, RMNH. CRUS.D. 42432: Thailand, Gulf of Thailand, S Thailand Surat Thani prov., in Don Sak River, 14.x. 1991, don. Mrs. Somnuk Chaitiamvong, no. 5. Periclimenes sinensis Bruce, 1969: holotype, RMNH. CRUS.D. 33231: Hongkong, locality uncertain, collected before 1962, from Umbellulisera phanoregularis (Burchardt). Periclimenes toloensis Bruce, 1969: holotype male, RMNH. CRUS.D. 33231: Hong Kong, Tolo Channel, Ap Island, trawled, 5���15 fms, 16.ii. 1965, mud. P. ? brucei: cf. Fransen (1994): 20 specimens, RMNH. CRUS.D. 42886 and RMNH. CRUS.D. 42889: Seychelles, Mah��, NE coast, North East Point, 4 ˚ 35 ���S 55 ˚ 28 ��, 14 m, NIOP-E stn SEY. 618. P. granulimanus Bruce, 1978: 11 specimens, RMNH. CRUS.D. 57201: Indonesia, NE Sulawesi, Lembeh Strait, Tanjung Kubur, 1 �� 28 ' 44.6874 "N 125 �� 14 ' 59.1354 "E, 15 m depth, 1.ii. 2012, on hydrozoans on dead Cirrhipathes overgrown by sponges, zoantharians and hydrozoans, collected by C.H.J.M. Fransen, stn LEM.06. P. laevimanus Ďuri��, 2010: holotype ovigerous female, RMNH. CRUS.D. 53129; allotype male, RMNH. CRUS.D. 53130; 3 paratype specimens, RMNH. CRUS.D. 53131: Vietnam, Nhatrang Bay, 12 �� 10 ' 06.0N 109 �� 17 ' 45.1 E, sandy-mud bottom, 14 m depth, 23.ix. 2008, on hydroid, cf. Lytocarpia sp., collected by I. Marin. Description. Small sized, slender pontoniine shrimp, with slender pereiopods (fig. 1). Carapace smooth. Rostrum (fig. 2 a���c) well developed, slender, straight, reaching distal margin of antennular peduncle; lateral carina indistinct, situated near to proximally slightly convex ventral margin with 2 (seldom 3) subdistal teeth; ventral lamina not developed, with single row of plumose setae; dorsal margin slightly convex, elevated, strongly compressed, with 8���10 subequal teeth, slightly decreasing in size distally, posteriormost tooth situated at level of posterior margin of orbit, with indistinct suture at base; 2���4 plumose setae just in front of each dorsal tooth. Epigastric spine distinct, mobile. Supra-orbital spines absent. Inferior orbital angle well developed, produced, angular in lateral view. Antennal spine of moderate size, marginal, situated below inferior orbital angle. Hepatic spine about as large as antennal spine, situated well behind level of posterior orbital margin and slightly below level of antennal spine. Antero-lateral angle of carapace blunt, not produced. Abdominal segments (fig. 1) smooth. Pleura of first to fifth somites broadly rounded. Third segment not produced posterodorsally. Sixth abdominal segment almost twice as long as fifth, posteroventral angle feebly produced, rounded, posterolateral angle acute. Telson (fig. 2 d, e) 1.1 times as long as sixth abdominal segment and 3.8 times longer than anterior width; lateral margins converge posteriorly; two pairs of submarginal dorsal spines present at 0.55 and 0.80 of telson length, posterior margin with median acute tip, 0.30 of anterior width, with three pairs of spines. Lateral spines short, as long as dorsal spines. Intermediate spines well developed, about 0.17 of telson length, 2.2 times length of submedian spines. Uropods overreaching telson. Uropodal exopod longer than endopod, with small fixed distolateral tooth and distinct mobile spine medially, slightly longer than dorsal telson spines. Eyes (fig. 1) well developed. Cornea globular, with distinct accessory pigment spot posterodorsally. Eyestalks almost twice as long as proximal width, slightly swollen proximally. Antennular peduncle (fig. 3 a) with proximal segment long, slender, 2.2 times longer than wide; stylocerite slender, acute, reaching almost to middle of segment; lateral margin slightly convex, anterolateral margin produced, angular, with acute distolateral tooth and row of plumose setae continuing proximally on distolateral margin of basal segment; ventral margin with small submedian tooth at about 0.4 of length of segment; medial margin with row of short plumose setae. Statocyst with statolith. Intermediate and distal segments short, distal segment slightly longer than intermediate segment, together equal to 0.54 of proximal segment length. Upper flagellum biramous, with first 5 segments fused; short ramus with 3 segments; aesthetascs present on short free ramus only. Longer free ramus slender. Lower flagellum slender, about as long as upper flagellum. Antennal basicerite (fig. 3 b) with acute lateral tooth. Ischiocerite and merocerite normal. Carpocerite short, reaching 0.4 of length of scaphocerite. Scaphocerite long, rather slender, with lamella distinctly overreaching distal margin of antennular peduncle. Lateral border straight, ending in acute large distolateral tooth. Lamella extending beyond distolateral tooth, feebly angulated distomedially, about 3.3 times longer than broad, with greatest width at about one half of its length. Epistome, labrum and paragnath without special features. Third thoracic sternite unarmed. Fourth thoracic sternite (fig. 3 c) with shallow broad lateral ridges with shallow median notch. Fifth thoracic sternite (fig. 3 c) with shallow lateral plates posteromedial of second pereiopods. Sixth to eighth thoracic sternites broad, unarmed. Mandible (fig. 3 d) with cylindrical molar process with blunt teeth on strong chewing surface, with 2 short bands of few setae subdistally. Incisor process slender, with 3 (right) or 4 (left) teeth distally, of which lateralmost slightly enlarged. Mandible without palp. Maxillula (fig. 3 e) with upper lacinia rectangular with rows of few serrulate spines and slender setae medially; lower lacinia more slender, pointed, with serrulate setae distally; palp bilobed, medial lobe with single short recurved simple seta. Maxilla (fig. 3 f) with short tapering palp with few plumose setae laterally. Basal endite bilobed, distal lobe slightly broader than proximal lobe, both lobes with row of about 13 minutely serrate setae medially. Coxal endite obsolete, median margin convex, without setae. Scaphognathite normal, widest centrally, about 2.4 times longer than broad, with marginal plumose setae. First maxilliped (fig. 3g) with short, slender, tapering palp without setae. Basal region broad, separated from coxal region by notch, with median margin provided with setulose and slender simple setae. Coxal region strongly convex with few minutely serrulate setae medially. Caridean lobe with coarsely setulose plumose marginal setae. Flagellum of exopod well developed with 4 long plumose distal setae and one short subdistally. Epipod bilobed. Second maxilliped (fig. 3 h) with dactylar segment narrow, about 3.7 times longer than wide, straight medially, densely fringed with numerous coarsely serrulate, spiniform, and long curled finely serrulate setae medially. Propodal segment longer than dactylar segment twice as long as wide, with distomedial margin not produced, with few long serrulate setae. Carpus short, unarmed. Meral segment short, not excavate, without setae. Ischium completely fused to basis, excavate medially. Basis with long slender exopod about as long as length of endopod, with 4 long plumose setae distally and one shorter plumose seta subdistally. Coxa slightly produced medially, with few simple setae medially, small oblong epipod laterally. Third maxilliped (fig. 4 a) slender. Terminal segment 4.1 times longer than proximal width, 0.64 of length of penultimate segment, with rows of short serrulate setae medially and longer simple setae ventrolaterally. Penultimate segment slender, 6.5 times longer than wide with rows of long finely serrulate setae medially and ventrolaterally. Ischiomerus 1.1 times as long as penultimate segment, 5.8 times as long as distal width, medial margin with row of long minutely serrulate setae, with one subdistal lateral spine; basis medially convex with few simple setae. Exopod reaching 0.8 of ischiomeral segment, with 4 distal and 1 subdistal plumose setae. Coxa slightly produced medially, with rounded lateral plate, with small arthrobranch. First pereiopod (fig. 4 b, c) slender, reaching to end of scaphocerite. Chela with palm subcylindrical, straight, 2.7 times longer than wide. Fingers as long as palm, straight not subspatulate, with brushes of few setae in distal part, cutting edges entire, tips of fingers hooked. Cleaning setae present proximally on palm and distoventral part of carpus. Carpus 1.1 times length of chela, 5.8 times longer than wide. Merus slightly longer than carpus, twice length of ischium. Ischium with medial setal ridge with few long simples setae. Basis with medial setose ridge. Coxa with distinct setose medial process. Second pereiopods, unequal in length, dissimilar. Major second pereiopod (fig. 5 a���c) extending beyond antennular peduncle with chela, carpus and distal half of merus. Chela with palm subcylindrical, straight, 6 times as long as wide, ventrally carinate. Fingers 0.37 of palm length. Dactylus as wide as fixed finger, fingers not gaping, both with brushes of setae in distal part, tips strongly hooked, cutting edges with 2 teeth proximally, distally entire. Carpus gradually increasing in width distally, merus and ischium unarmed, their length ratios of 0.93, 1.00 and 0.93 times length of palm. Basis with few setae medially. Coxa with small median setose process. Minor second pereiopod (fig. 6 a���c) with fingers as long as subcylindrical palm, with setal brushes, fingers distally hooked, two shallow teeth in proximal part of cutting edge, distal part entire. Carpus gradually increasing distally, 0.8 times as long as chela; merus and ischium unarmed, merus as long as carpus, ischium 1.2 times as long as merus. Basis and coxa as in major chela. The ambulatory pereiopods slender, similar in form, third pereiopod (fig. 6 d) reaching with dactylus to distal margin of scaphocerite. Dactylus of third pereiopod (fig. 6 e) long, slender, 0.26 of propodus length, 5.8 times as long as proximal width, with slender accessory tooth reaching to third of slightly curved unguis; flexor margin of corpus concave, entire. Propodus 14 times longer than wide, with two long distoventral spines, one pair even longer spines subdistally with a small spine in between, and one long spine proximally forming a grasping structure; with one small ventral spine at about 0.5 of propodus length. Carpus, merus and ischium 0.50, 1.02 and 0.48 of propodus length, unarmed. Fourth (fig. 7 a, c) and fifth pereiopods (fig. 7 b, d) similar as third; fourth with subdistal pair of spines, without the small one in between, proximalmost pair with one long outer and a shorter inner spine; fifth without distoventral pair of spines but with series of serrulate setae. Endopod of first pleopod in ovigerous female (fig. 8 a) short, 0.3 of length of exopod, with long plumose setae along its entire margin. Uropods extending beyond tip of telson. Protopodite unarmed laterally. Exopod with lateral border almost straight, slightly setose in proximal part, terminating in a small distolateral tooth with mobile spine medially, mobile spine 5 times as long as distolateral tooth. Ovigerous females with about 50 eggs of ca. 0.35 mm in diameter. Endopod of first pleopod in male (fig. 8 b) short, almost half length of exopod, 2.5 times as long as wide, broadening distally; apex angulate; medial margin with obtuse, hooked, distally directed lobe at distal third; and 5 short simple setae and 3 long plumose setae in proximal part; lateral margin rounded with row of about 6 long plumose setae. Endopod of second pleopod in male (fig. 8 c), 0.86 times length of exopod; appendix interna overreaching half of endopod length, slender, about 10 times longer than distal width, with group of cincinnuli distomedially; appendix masculina slightly stouter and shorter than appendix interna, with 3 long distal setae and 2 shorter setae along medial margin. Size. Postorbital carapace length between 2.0��� 2.4 mm. Colouration. Unknown. Host. Macrorhynchia spec. (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata, Aglaopheniidae). Etymology. The specific name refers to the hydrozoan host genus Macrorhynchia Kirchenpauer. Variation. In 11 specimens two ventral rostral teeth were observed and in one of the larger ovigerous female specimens three ventral rostral teeth were present. Males are generally similar to females; they differ by their slightly smaller size and more slender body. The major second chela has the fingers 0.61 of the palm length. The minor second chela has the fingers as long as the palm. Systematic position. Differences with species from the P. obscurus species group: - P. batei (Borradaile, 1917). There is a difference between the descriptions of the holotype of P. batei by Borradaile (1917) and Holthuis (1959), and the present comparative material in the dentition of the rostrum. In the holotype only 6 teeth are present on the dorsal lamina, the epigastral tooth is absent. In the material of RMNH. CRUS.D. 57200 all specimens except one juvenile have an epigastral tooth. In the other juvenile specimens the epigastral tooth is minute (fig. 9 a). These juvenile specimens have 6 teeth on the rostrum proper as in the holotype of P. ba t e i. According to Holthuis (1959) the type specimen of P. batei is not full-grown. Adult specimens of RMNH. CRUS.D. 57200 usually have 7 or 8 dorsal teeth on the rostrum (fig. 9 b) and a mobile epigastral tooth. The tooth in front of the epigastral tooth is situated just behind the orbit and has an indistinct suture basally. The fourth thoracic sternite (fig. 9 c) has prominent lateral triangular ridges and a median V-shaped notch. The fifth thoracic sternite (fig. 9 c) has shallow lateral plates posteromedial of the second pereiopods with a broad median notch. The telson (fig. 9 d) is similar to that of the new species, possessing a median acute tip on the posterior margin. The genetic distance with the CO 1 sequences of the new species is ca. 22 %. The first pereiopod (fig. 9 e) is generally similar to that of the new species. The ischium (fig. 9 f) has a medial setal ridge with few long simples setae as in the new species. The basis (fig. 9 f) also has a medial setose ridge, but less prominent than in the new species. The coxa (fig. 9 f) has a distinct setose medial process, but less developed than in the new species. The major second pereiopod in juvenile specimens (fig. 10 a) of RMNH. CRUS.D. 57200 is as depicted for the holotype by Holthuis (1959) with the palm about 1.5 times the length of the fingers. In adult specimens the palm is about 4 times as long as the fingers (fig. 10 b���d). In P. ba t e i the carpus of the major second chela is distinctly shorter than the palm and merus while it is subequal in length in the new species. The minor second pereiopod (fig. 10 e) has a more slender chela. The carpus is as long as the merus and slightly longer than the palm. The propodus of the third pereiopod (fig. 11 a, c, d) has 4 single moderately long subdistal ventral spines in its distal 2 / 3 rd while the new species has a subdistal pair of long spines with a smaller one in between followed by one long spine proximally and another single medium sized spine at about half the propodus length. In adult specimens the propodus is more slender than in the juvenile specimen which is also visible in the drawing of the holotype made by Holthuis (1959). The ambulatory pereiopods bear many long setae while in the new species less and shorter setae are present. The accessory tooth of the dactylus (fig. 11 b, e) is less than half the length of the unguis as in the new species. - P. burrup Bruce, 2007 lacks the epigastral tooth which is present in the new species, and has the carpus of the major second chela distinctly shorter than the palm and merus while this is subequal in length in the new species. The species lacks the transverse ridges on the fourth thoracic segment while these are present in the new species. - P. delagoae Barnard, 1958 has the fourth thoracic sternite with a low transverse ridge with median notch (Bruce, 1987) as is present in the new species. The major second chela (Bruce, 1987: fig. 9 c) has the carpus distinctly shorter than the merus and the palm while it is of equal length in the new species. - P. hongkongensis Bruce, 1969 has the rostral lamina deep with 13���17 dorsal teeth and 3 or 4 ventral teeth (Bruce 1982: figs. 8 A, C, 9 A), while it is not deep in the new species which has 9���11 dorsal and two (seldom one) ventral teeth. The major second pereiopod (Bruce 1982: fig. 8 D) has the carpus distinctly shorter than the palm and merus while it is about as long as palm and merus in the new species. - P. incertus Borradaile, 1915 has the major second pereiopod short and robust with the carpus shorter than the palm and the merus, and the fingers typically gaping (Holthuis 1952: fig. 7 e [as P. i m p ar]) while the carpus is about as long as the palm and the merus and the chale never with the fingers gaping in the new species. P. incertus has the ambulatory dactyls (Kemp 1922: fig. 17 d [as P. impar]; Bruce 1980: fig. 5 B) robust, with the accessory tooth stout, subequal in length to the unguis while the dactylus is slender and the accessory tooth half the length of the unguis in the new species., Published as part of Eilbracht, Joni & Fransen, Charles H. J. M., 2015, Periclimenes macrorhynchia sp. nov., a new hydrozoan-associated pontoniine shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) from North East Kalimantan, Indonesia, pp. 377-395 in Zootaxa 3994 (3) on pages 378-393, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3994.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/240186, {"references":["Borradaile, L. A. (1917) The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardiner, M. A. No. VIII. On the Pontoniinae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 17, 323 - 396. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1917. tb 00470. x","Bruce, A. J. (2007) Palaemonoid shrimps from the Dampier Archipelago (Crustacea: Decapoda), with a review of the Western Australian pontoniine shrimp fauna. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 73 (Supplement), 97 - 129.","Bruce, A. J. (1969) Preliminary descriptions of sixteen new species of the genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia, Pontoniinae). Zoologische Mededeelingen, 43 (20), 253 - 278.","Berggren, M. (1994) Periclimenes nomadophila and Tuleariocaris sarec, two new species of pontoniine shrimps (Decapoda: Pontoniinae), from Inhaca Island, Mocambique. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 14 (4), 782 - 802. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1548872","Kemp, S. (1922) Notes on Crustacea Decapoda in the Indian Museum, 15. Pontoniinae. Records of the Indian Museum, 24, 113 - 228.","Fransen, C. H. J. M. (1994) Marine palaemonoid shrimps of the Netherlands Seychelles Expedition 1992 - 1993. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 297, 85 - 152.","Bruce, A. J. (1978) A report on a collection of pontoniine shrimps from Madagascar and adjacent seas. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society of London, 62, 205 - 290. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1978. tb 01039. x","Duris, Z. (2010) Periclimenes laevimanus sp. nov. from Vietnam, with a review of the Periclimenes granulimanus species group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Pontoniinae) Zootaxa, 2372, 106 - 125.","Holthuis, L. B. (1959) Results of the reexamination of the type specimens of some species belonging to the subfamilies Pontoniinae and Palaemoninae (Crustacea Decapoda Macrura). Zoologische Mededeelingen, 36 (11), 193 - 200.","Barnard, K. H. (1958) Further additions to the crustacean fauna-list of Portuguese East Africa. Memorias do Museu Dr. Alvaro de Castro, 4, 3 - 23.","Bruce, A. J. (1987) Re-descriptions of two little-known Indo-West Pacific palaemonid shrimps, Periclimenes calmani Tattersall and P. delagoae Barnard. Journal of Natural History, 21 (6), 1415 - 1432. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938700770891","Bruce, A. J. (1982) The pontoniine shrimp fauna of Hong Kong. In: Morton, B. & Tseng, C. L. (Eds), Proceeding of the First International Marine Biological Workshop. The marine fauna of Hong Kong and southern China, Hong Kong, 1 (for 1980), 223 - 284.","Borradaile, L. A. (1915) Notes on Caridea. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 15, 205 - 213. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931508693629","Holthuis, L. B. (1952) The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition. Part XI. The Palaemonidae collected by the Siboga and Snellius Expeditions with remarks on other species II. Subfamily Pontoniinae. Siboga Expeditie, 39 a 10, 1 - 253.","Bruce, A. J. (1980) On some pontoniine shrimps from Noumea, New Caledonia. Cahiers de l'Indo - Pacifique, 2, 1 - 39.","Bruce, A. J. (1998) Pontoniine shrimps from Moreton Bay, Queensland (Crustacea: Decapoda, Pontoniinae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 42, 387 - 398.","Duris, Z. (1990) Two new species of the palaemonid shrimp genus Periclimenes from the Maldive waters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae, 54, 1 - 8.","Bruce, A. J. (1988) Periclimenes tonga sp. nov., a commensal shrimp associated with a scyphozoan host from Tonga (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae). Micronesica, 21, 23 - 32."]}

Periclimenes soror Nobili, 1904 (Figure 3 C, D) Restricted synonymy: Periclimenes sorror Nobili, 1904: 232; 1906: 50, pl. 2, fig. 6; Gordon, 1939: 395 ���400, figs. 1���3; Bruce, 1965: 493; Castro, 1971: 395 ���396; Hayashi, 1973: 9, 29��� 35, Bruce, 1978: 8 (4), 299���306. Periclimenes (Cristiger) frater Borradaile, 1915: 210 Periclimenes bicolor Edmondson, 1935: 10, fig. 3 Material examined. 3 individuals (2 ovigerous female and a subadult male (tl 7���11 mm, cl 1.3���1.5 mm), Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, rocky intertidal and lagoon, on cushion star Culcita sp. depth 3 m. Diagnosis based on the collected material. Rostrum has twelve dorsal teeth; proximal segment of antennular peduncle bears a disto-lateral teeth, mandible is slender and incisor with strong disto-lateral tooth. Fingers of the chela of first pereiopods are strong with denticulate cutting edges, dactylus are more slender and acute, second pereiopods showed considerable variation in size which is unequal and irregular, bears a acute tooth on the dactylus. Third pereiopods show a distinct acute ventral tooth, fourth and fifth pereiopods the datylus tooth is weakly acute and carpus of the dactylus possess a pair of medial setae and distinctly unguiculated. Habitat. Our specimens were collected from the rocky intertidal as well as from the lagoon area at a depth of 3m. Host. P. s o ro r is primarily an associate of Oreastearid starfish and the detailed associations of hosts were discussed in detail by Bruce (1978). Our specimens were associated with the cushion sea star Culcita sp. Distribution. In India, the species has been considered as the first report. Further notes on detailed distribution were provided by Bruce (1978). Remarks. Reported for the first time in Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, India. Previous photographic evidence of the specimen was provided by Apte (2012), but the species name and locality was not mentioned., Published as part of Prakash, Sanjeevi, Kumar, Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith & Subramoniam, Thanumalaya, 2015, Notes on some Indo-Pacific Caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae and Gnathophyllidae) particularly from India, pp. 456-466 in Zootaxa 3914 (4) on pages 461-462, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/236409, {"references":["Nobili, G. (1904) Diagnoses preliminaires de vingt-huit especes nouvelles de stomatopodes et decapodes macroures de la Mer Rouge. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, 10, 228 - 238.","Gordon, I. (1939) A new species of Sergestes (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the South Atlantic. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 498 - 509","Bruce, A. J. (1965) Notes on Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, X. Periclimenes cristimanus sp. nov., a new pontoniid shrimp from Singapore. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 8 (13), 487 - 493. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936508651602","Castro, P. (1971) The natantian shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda) associated with Invertebrates in Hawaii. Pacific Science, 25, 395 - 403.","Hayashi K. I. (1973) Periclimenes soror Nobili associated with the Crown of Thorns starfish from Japan (Decapoda Natantia, Palaemonidae). Proceedings of Japanese Society of Systematic Zoolog y, 9, 29 - 35","Bruce, A. J. (1978) Periclimenes soror Nobili, a pontoniin shrimp new to the American fauna, with observations on its Indo- West Pacific distribution. Tethys, 8 (4), 299 - 306.","Edmondson C. (1935) New and rare polynesian crustacea. Occassional Papers of the Bishop Museum., 10 (24), 1 - 38. [Honolulu]","Apte, D. (2012) Field guide to the Marine Life of India. Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay, 500 pp."]}

A new species of the palaemonid shrimp genusPericlimenes, P. cannaphilus, is described from upper bathyal hydrothermal vents of the Bonin-Mariana Arc in the north-western Pacific at depths of 392–456 m. A symbiotic relationship between the new shrimp species and a siboglinid tube wormLamellibrachia satsumais suggested by their simultaenuous collection and further observationsin situ. Similarities in the morphology and symbiotic association suggest that the new species is closely related toP. thermohydrophilus, also associated withL. satsumain shallow hydrothermal vent fields in Kagoshima Bay, southern Japan, but differences in the rostral shape, the position of the epigastric tooth on the carapace, and the development of the hepatic tooth on the carapace morphologically differentiate the two species. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the mitochondrial DNA COI gene supports the recognition of two clades corresponding to these two taxa.