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1. First-Year Engineering Students' Affective Behavior about Mathematics in Relation to Their Performance

Author

Areti Panaoura, Marios Charalambides, Eleni Tsolaki, and Savvas Pericleous

Abstract

The present study examines the first-year engineering students' attitudes towards mathematics, their beliefs and self-efficacy about mathematics, as part of their affective performance, in relation to their mathematical academic performance before and after attending an introductory mathematics course. It aims to contribute on the ongoing discussion about the teaching of mathematics at the level of higher education in engineering programs. First-year engineering students completed a questionnaire and a test after their entrance at the university. Their mathematical performance was examined by using their results at the midterm and the final mathematical mark during AMAT111 course offered at the first semester of their studies. Results indicated that aspects of the affective domain were related with students' performance, while the predominant role belonged to their previous mathematical knowledge and skills (as learning outcome of the high school education), which undoubtedly need further enhancement. The belief about a formalistic perspective of mathematics and the lack of understanding of the implementation of the mathematical concepts on engineering problem solving situations were obstacles for them on recognizing the importance of attending mathematics courses as part of their engineering studies. Discussion concentrates on the following up steps, which have to be done at the level of higher education in order to face the initial difficulties, which have been identified.

Published
2024

2. Five-year recurrence/survival after pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma: does pre-existing diabetes matter? Results from the Recurrence After Whipple's (RAW) study

Author

Lead Unit, Aroori, Somaiah, Labib, Peter L., Russell, Thomas B., Streeter, Adam, Denson, Jemimah, Puckett, Mark, Zhou, Shang-Ming, Browning, Matthew, Collaborating Units, Ausania, Fabio, Gonzalez-Abos, Carolina, Pando, Elizabeth, Fernandes, Nair, Moller, Elsa G., Taboada, Cristina D., Roberts, Keith, Pande, Rupaly, Alfarah, Jameel, Kausar, Ambareen, Bandyopadhyay, Samik, Abdelrahim, Ahmed, Khan, Ayesha, Mavroeidis, Vasileios K., Jordan, Caitlin, Rees, Jonathan R.E., Marangoni, Gabriele, Blege, Harry, Thomasset, Sarah, Cambridge, William, White, Olga, Frampton, Adam, Blacker, Sarah, Blackburn, Jessie, Sweeney, Casie, Lykoudis, Pavlos, Field, Daniel, Gouda, Mohammed, Maglione, Manuel, Bellotti, Ruben, Alhaboob, Nassir, Hamid, Hytham K.S., Bari, Hassaan, Ahmed, Hassan, Smith, Andrew, Moriarty, Catherine, White, Louise, Priestley, Mark, Bode, Kerry, Sharp, Judith, Wragg, Rosie, Jackson, Beverley, Craven, Samuel, Spalding, Duncan, Fehervari, Matyas, Pai, Madhava, Alghazawi, Laith, Onifade, Anjola, Srinivasan, Parthi, Ribaud, Julliette, Nair, Ashitha, Mariathasan, Michael, Grayson, Niamh, Davidson, Brian, Pericleous, Stephanos, Patel, Krishna, Shaw, Conrad, Morare, Nolitha, Zaban, Mohamad K., Bhogal, Ricky, Doyle, Joseph, Croagh, Daniel, Rajagopalan, Ashray, Dominguez, Ismael, Guerrero, Alan, Moguel, Andre, Chan, Carlos, Thakkar, Rohan, Jones, Michael, Buckley, Edward, Akter, Nasreen, Treherne, Kyle, Gomez, Dhanny, Gordon, Gregory, Silva, Michael, Hughes, Daniel, Urbonas, Tomas, Lapolla, Pierfrancesco, Mingoli, Andrea, Brachini, Gioia, Caronna, Roberto, Chirletti, Piero, Porcu, Alberto, Perra, Teresa, Shah, Nehal S., Abd Kahar, Nurul N., Hall, Thomas, Nadeem, Nabeegh, Hamady, Zaed, Karar, Shoura, Arshad, Ali, Al-Sarrieh, Bilal, Yarwood, Adam, Hammoda, Mohammed, Serrablo, Alejandro, Artigas, Maria, Paterna-López, Sandra, Roberts, Keith J., Thomasset, Sarah C., Frampton, Adam E., Smith, Andrew M., Davidson, Brian R., Bhogal, Ricky H., Silva, Michael A., and Hamady, Zaed Z.R.

Published
2024
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3. Patterns, timing and predictors of recurrence following pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma: An international multicentre retrospective cohort study

Author

Browning, Matthew, Mownah, Omar, Gonzalez-Abos, Carolina, Fernandes, Nair, Moller, Elsa Garcia, Taboada, Cristina Dopazo, Pande, Rupaly, Alfarah, Jameel, Bandyopadhyay, Samik, Abdelrahim, Ahmed, Khan, Ayesha, Jordan, Caitlin, Rees, Jonathan RE., Doyle, Joseph, Blege, Harry, Cambridge, William, White, Olga, Blacker, Sarah, Blackburn, Jessie, Sweeney, Casie, Fehervari, Matyas, Pai, Madhava, Alghazawi, Laith, Onifade, Anjola, Field, Daniel, Gouda, Mohammed, Maglione, Manuel, Hamid, Hytham KS., Ribaud, Julliette, Nair, Ashitha, Mariathasan, Michael, Grayson, Niamh, Ahmed, Hassan, Moriarty, Catherine, White, Louise, Priestley, Mark, Bode, Kerry, Sharp, Judith, Wragg, Rosie, Jackson, Beverley, Craven, Samuel, Guerrero, Alan, Moguel, Andre, Chan, Carlos, Jones, Michael, Buckley, Edward, Akter, Nasreen, Treherne, Kyle, Gordon, Gregory, Hughes, Daniel, Urbonas, Tomas, Brachini, Gioia, Caronna, Roberto, Chirletti, Piero, Pericleous, Stephanos, Patel, Krishna, Shaw, Conrad, Morare, Nolitha, Zaban, Mohamad K., Perra, Teresa, Abd Kahar, Nurul Nadhirah, Hall, Thomas, Nadeem, Nabeegh, Karar, Shoura, Arshad, Ali, Yarwood, Adam, Hammoda, Mohammed, Artigas, Maria Consuelo, Paterna-López, Sandra, Labib, Peter LZ., Russell, Thomas B., Denson, Jemimah L., Puckett, Mark A., Ausania, Fabio, Pando, Elizabeth, Roberts, Keith J., Kausar, Ambareen, Mavroeidis, Vasileios K., Bhogal, Ricky H., Marangoni, Gabriele, Thomasset, Sarah C., Frampton, Adam E., Spalding, Duncan R., Lykoudis, Pavlos, Bellotti, Ruben, Alhaboob, Nassir, Srinivasan, Parthi, Bari, Hassaan, Smith, Andrew, Dominguez-Rosado, Ismael, Croagh, Daniel, Thakkar, Rohan G., Gomez, Dhanny, Silva, Michael A., Lapolla, Pierfrancesco, Mingoli, Andrea, Davidson, Brian R., Porcu, Alberto, Shah, Nehal S., Hamady, Zaed Z., Al-Sarireh, Bilal A., Serrablo, Alejandro, and Aroori, Somaiah

Published
2024
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8. Serious complications of pancreatoduodenectomy correlate with lower rates of adjuvant chemotherapy: Results from the recurrence after Whipple's (RAW) study

Author

Labib, Peter L., Russell, Thomas B., Streeter, Adam, Denson, Jemimah, Puckett, Mark, Zhou, Shang-Ming, Browning, Matthew, Aroori, Somaiah, Ausania, Fabio, Pando, Elizabeth, Roberts, Keith, Kausar, Ambareen, Mavroeidis, Vasileios K., Marangoni, Gabriele, Thomasset, Sarah, Frampton, Adam, Lykoudis, Pavlos, Maglione, Manuel, Alhaboob, Nassir, Bari, Hassaan, Smith, Andrew, Spalding, Duncan, Srinivasan, Parthi, Davidson, Brian, Bhogal, Ricky, Croagh, Daniel, Dominguez, Ismael, Thakkar, Rohan, Gomez, Dhanny, Silva, Michael, Lapolla, Pierfrancesco, Mingoli, Andrea, Porcu, Alberto, Shah, Nehal Sureshkumar, Hamady, Zaed, Al-Sarrieh, Bilal, Serrablo, Alejandro, Gonzalez-Abos, Carolina, Fernandes, Nair, Moller, Elsa Garcia, Taboada, Cristina Dopazo, Pande, Rupaly, Alfarah, Jameel, Bandyopadhyay, Samik, Abdelrahim, Ahmed, Khan, Ayesha, Jordan, Caitlin, Rees, Jonathan R.E., Blege, Harry, Cambridge, William, White, Olga, Blacker, Sarah, Blackburn, Jessie, Sweeney, Casie, Field, Daniel, Gouda, Mohammed, Bellotti, Ruben, Hamid, Hytham K.S., Ahmed, Hassan, Moriarty, Catherine, White, Louise, Priestley, Mark, Bode, Kerry, Sharp, Judith, Wragg, Rosie, Jackson, Beverley, Craven, Samuel, Fehervari, Matyas, Pai, Madhava, Alghazawi, Laith, Onifade, Anjola, Ribaud, Julliette, Nair, Ashitha, Mariathasan, Michael, Grayson, Niamh, Pericleous, Stephanos, Patel, Krishna, Shaw, Conrad, Morare, Nolitha, Zaban, Mohamad Khish, Doyle, Joseph, Guerrero, Alan, Moguel, Andre, Chan, Carlos, Jones, Michael, Buckley, Edward, Akter, Nasreen, Treherne, Kyle, Gordon, Gregory, Hughes, Daniel, Urbonas, Tomas, Brachini, Gioia, Caronna, Roberto, Chirletti, Piero, Perra, Teresa, Abd Kahar, Nurul Nadhirah, Hall, Thomas, Nadeem, Nabeegh, Karar, Shoura, Arshad, Ali, Yarwood, Adam, Hammoda, Mohammed, Artigas, Maria, Paterna-López, Sandra, Roberts, Keith J., Thomasset, Sarah C., Frampton, Adam E., Smith, Andrew M., Davidson, Brian R., Bhogal, Ricky H., Silva, Michael A., Shah, Nehal S., and Hamady, Zaed Z.R.

Published
2023
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9. Neurocognitive testing in a murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA

Author

Kleopatra Pericleous, Chantelle McIntyre, and Maria Fuller

Subjects
Mouse model, Lysosomal storage disorder, Sanfilippo A syndrome, Neurobehaviour, Mucopolysaccharidosis, Medicine (General), R5-920, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by a lysosomal enzyme deficiency resulting in heparan sulphate (HS) accumulation and manifests with a progressive neurodegenerative phenotype. A naturally occurring MPS IIIA mouse model is invaluable for preclinical evaluation of potential treatments but the ability to effectively assess neurological function has proved challenging. Here, the aim was to evaluate a set of behaviour tests for their reliability in assessing disease progression in the MPS IIIA mouse model. Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, MPS IIIA mice displayed memory and learning deficits in the water crossmaze from mid-stage disease and locomotor impairment in the hind-limb gait assessment at late-stage disease, supporting previous findings. Declined wellbeing was also observed in the MPS IIIA mice via burrowing and nest building evaluation at late-stage disease compared to WT mice, mirroring the progressive nature of neurological disease. Excessive HS accumulation observed in the MPS IIIA mouse brain from 1 month of age did not appear to manifest as abnormal behaviours until at least 6 months of age suggesting there may be a threshold of HS accumulation before measurable neurocognitive decline. Results obtained from the open field and three-chamber sociability test are inconsistent with previous studies and do not reflect MPS IIIA patient disease progression, suggesting these assessments are not reliable. In conclusion, water cross-maze, hind-limb gait, nest building and burrowing, are promising assessments in the MPS IIIA mouse model, which produce consistent results that mimic the human disease.

Published
2023
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10. Predictors of actual five-year survival and recurrence after pancreatoduodenectomy for ampullary adenocarcinoma: results from an international multicentre retrospective cohort study

Author

Aroori, Somaiah, Labib, Peter L., Russell, Thomas B., Streeter, Adam, Denson, Jemimah, Puckett, Mark, Browning, Matthew G., Ausania, Fabio, González-Abós, Carolina, Pando, Elizabeth, Fernandes, Nair, Moller, Elsa G., Taboada, Cristina D., Roberts, Keith J., Pande, Rupaly, Alfarah, Jameel, Kausar, Ambareen, Bandyopadhyay, Samik, Abdelrahim, Ahmed, Khan, Ayesha, Mavroeidis, Vasileios K., Jordan, Caitlin, Rees, Jonathan R.E., Marangoni, Gabriele, Blege, Collaborator: Harry, Thomasset, Sarah, Cambridge, William, White, Olga, Frampton, Adam, Blacker, Sarah, Blackburn, Jessie, Sweeney, Casie, Lykoudis, Pavlos, Field, Daniel, Gouda, Mohammed, Maglione, Manuel, Bellotti, Ruben, Alhaboob, Nassir, Hamid, Hytham K.S., Bari, Hassaan, Ahmed, Hassan, Smith, Andrew, Moriarty, Catherine, White, Louise, Priestley, Mark, Bode, Kerry, Sharp, Judith, Wragg, Rosie, Jackson, Beverley, Craven, Samuel, Spalding, Duncan, Fehervari, Matyas, Pai, Madhava, Alghazawi, Laith, Onifade, Anjola, Srinivasan, Parthi, Ribaud, Julliette, Nair, Ashitha, Mariathasan, Michael, Grayson, Niamh, Davidson, Brian, Pericleous, Stephanos, Krishna Patel, Shaw, Conrad, Morare, Nolitha, Zaban, Mohamad K., Bhogal, Ricky, Doyle, Joseph, Croagh, Daniel, Dominguez, Ismael, Guerrero, Alan, Moguel, Andre, Chan, Carlos, Thakkar, Rohan, Jones, Michael, Buckley, Edward, Akter, Nasreen, Treherne, Kyle, Gomez, Dhanny, Gordon, Gregory, Silva, Michael, Hughes, Daniel, Urbonas, Tomas, Lapolla, Pierfrancesco, Mingoli, Andrea, Brachini, Gioia, Caronna, Roberto, Chirletti, Piero, Porcu, Alberto, Perra, Teresa, Shah, Nehal S., Abd Kahar, Nurul N., Hall, Thomas, Nadeem, Nabeegh, Hamady, Zaed, Karar, Shoura, Arshad, Ali, Al-Sarrieh, Bilal, Yarwood, Adam, Hammoda, Mohammed, Serrablo, Alejandro, Artigas, Maria, Paterna-López, Sandra, Thomasset, Sarah C., Frampton, Adam E., Smith, Andrew M., Davidson, Brian R., Bhogal, Ricky H., Silva, Michael A., and Hamady, Zaed Z.R.

Published
2023
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14. Somatostatin Receptor PET/MR Imaging of Inflammation in Patients With Large Vessel Vasculitis and Atherosclerosis

Author

Ćorović, Andrej, Wall, Christopher, Nus, Meritxell, Gopalan, Deepa, Huang, Yuan, Imaz, Maria, Zulcinski, Michal, Peverelli, Marta, Uryga, Anna, Lambert, Jordi, Bressan, Dario, Maughan, Robert T., Pericleous, Charis, Dubash, Suraiya, Jordan, Natasha, Jayne, David R., Hoole, Stephen P., Calvert, Patrick A., Dean, Andrew F., Rassl, Doris, Barwick, Tara, Iles, Mark, Frontini, Mattia, Hannon, Greg, Manavaki, Roido, Fryer, Tim D., Aloj, Luigi, Graves, Martin J., Gilbert, Fiona J., Dweck, Marc R., Newby, David E., Fayad, Zahi A., Reynolds, Gary, Morgan, Ann W., Aboagye, Eric O., Davenport, Anthony P., Jørgensen, Helle F., Mallat, Ziad, Bennett, Martin R., Peters, James E., Rudd, James H.F., Mason, Justin C., and Tarkin, Jason M.

Published
2023
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17. Enhanced recovery for liver transplantation: recommendations from the 2022 International Liver Transplantation Society consensus conference

Author

Mayr, Andreas, Dominguez, Beatriz, Muller, Elmi, Rando, Karina, Enoch, Mary Anne, Tamir, Noam, Healy, Pamela, Manser, Tanja, Briggs, Tim, Chaudhary, Abhideep, Humar, Abhinav, Jafarian, Ali, Soin, Arvinder Singh, Eghtesad, Bijan, Miller, Charles, Cherqui, Daniel, Samuel, Didier, Broering, Dieter, Pomfret, Elizabeth, Villamil, Federico, Durand, Francois, Berlakovich, Gabriela, McCaughan, Geoffrey, Auzinger, Georg, Testa, Giuliano, Klintmalm, Goran, Belghiti, Jacques, Findlay, James, Lai, Jennifer, Fung, John, Klinck, John, Roberts, John, Liu, Linda, Cattral, Mark, Ghobrial, Mark, Selzner, Markus, Ramsay, Michael, Rela, Mohamed, Ascher, Nancy, Man, Nancy Kwan, Selzner, Nazia, Burra, Patrizia, Friend, Peter, Busuttil, Ronald, Hwang, Shin, McCluskey, Stuart, Mas, Valeria, Vohra, Vijay, Vij, Vivek, Merritt, William, Tokat, Yaman, Kang, Yoogoo, Chan, Albert, Mazzola, Alessandra, Hessheimer, Amelia, Rammohan, Ashwin, Hogan, Brian, Vinaixa, Carmen, Nasralla, David, Victor, David, De Martin, Eleonora, Alconchel, Felipe, Roll, Garrett, Kabacam, Gokhan, Sapisochin, Gonzalo, Campos-Varela, Isabel, Liu, Jiang, Patel, Madhukar S., Izzy, Manhal, Kalisvaart, Marit, Adams, Megan, Goldaracena, Nicholas, Tinguely, Pascale, Hernandez-Alejandro, Roberto, Chadha, Ryan, Shaker, Tamer Mahmoud, Klair, Tarunjeet S., Pan, Terry, Tanaka, Tomohiro, Yoon, Uzung, Kirchner, Varvara, Hannon, Vivienne, Cheah, Yee Lee, Frola, Carlo, Morkane, Clare, Milliken, Don, Lurje, Georg, Potts, Jonathan, Fernandez, Thomas, Badenoch, Adam, Mukhtar, Ahmed, Zanetto, Alberto, Montano-Loza, Aldo, Chieh, Alfred Kow Wei, Shetty, Amol, DeWolf, Andre, Olmos, Andrea, Mrzljak, Anna, Blasi, Annabel, Berzigotti, Annalisa, Malik, Ashish, Rajakumar, Akila, Davidson, Brian, O'Farrell, Bryan, Kotton, Camille, Imber, Charles, Kwon, Choon Hyuck David, Wray, Christopher, Ahn, Chul-Soo, Krenn, Claus, Quintini, Cristiano, Maluf, Daniel, Mina, Daniel Santa, Sellers, Daniel, Balci, Deniz, Patel, Dhupal, Rudow, Dianne LaPointe, Monbaliu, Diethard, Bezinover, Dmitri, Krzanicki, Dominik, Kim, Dong-Sik, Brombosz, Elizabeth, Blumberg, Emily, Weiss, Emmanuel, Wey, Emmanuel, Kaldas, Fady, Saliba, Faouzi, Pittau, Gabriella, Wagener, Gebhard, Song, Gi-Won, Biancofiore, Gianni, Crespo, Gonzalo, Rodríguez, Gonzalo, Palli, Graciela Martinez, McKenna, Gregory, Petrowsky, Henrik, Egawa, Hiroto, Montasser, Iman, Pirenne, Jacques, Eason, James, Guarrera, James, Pomposelli, James, Lerut, Jan, Emond, Jean, Boehly, Jennifer, Towey, Jennifer, Hillingsø, Jens G, de Jonge, Jeroen, Caicedo, Juan, Heimbach, Julie, Emamaullee, Juliet Ann, Bartoszko, Justyna, Ma, Ka Wing, Kronish, Kate, Forkin, Katherine T., Chok, Kenneth Siu Ho, Olthoff, Kim, Reyntjens, Koen, Lee, Kwang-Woong, Suh, Kyung-Suk, Denehy, Linda, van der Laan, Luc J.W., McCormack, Lucas, Gorvin, Lucy, Ruffolo, Luis, Bhat, Mamatha, Ramírez, María Amalia Matamoros, Londoño, Maria-Carlota, Gitman, Marina, Levstik, Mark, de Santibañes, Martin, Lindsay, Martine, Parotto, Matteo, Armstrong, Matthew, Kasahara, Mureo, Schofield, Nick, Rizkalla, Nicole, Akamatsu, Nobuhisa, Scatton, Olivier, Keskin, Onur, Imventarza, Oscar, Andacoglu, Oya, Muiesan, Paolo, Giorgio, Patricia, Northup, Patrick, Matins, Paulo, Abt, Peter, Newsome, Philip N, Dutkowski, Philipp, Bhangui, Pooja, Bhangui, Prashant, Tandon, Puneeta, Brustia, Raffaele, Planinsic, Raymond, Brown, Robert, Porte, Robert, Barth, Rolf, Ciria, Rubén, Florman, Sander, Dharancy, Sebastien, Pai, Sher-Lu, Yagi, Shintaro, Nadalin, Silvio, Chinnakotla, Srinath, Forbes, Stuart J, Rahman, Suehana, Hong, Suk Kyun, Liying, Sun, Orloff, Susan, Rubman, Susan, Eguchi, Susumu, Ikegami, Toru, Reichman, Trevor, Settmacher, Utz, Aluvihare, Varuna, Xia, Victor, Yoon, Young-In, Soejima, Yuji, Genyk, Yuri, Jalal, Arif, Borakati, Aditya, Gustar, Adrian, Mohamed, Ahmed, Ramirez, Alejandro, Rothnie, Alex, Scott, Aneya, Sharma, Anika, Munro, Annalise, Mahay, Arun, Liew, Belle, Hidalgo, Camila, Crouch, Cara, Yan, Cheung Tsz, Tschuor, Christoph, Shaw, Conrad, Schizas, Dimitrios, Fritche, Dominic, Huda, Fabia Ferdousi, Wells, Gemma, Farrer, Giselle, Kwok, Hiu Tat, Kostakis, Ioannis, Mestre-Costa, Joao, Fan, Ka Hay, Fan, Ka Siu, Fraser, Kyra, Jeilani, Lelia, Pang, Li, Lenti, Lorenzo, Kathirvel, Manikandan, Zachiotis, Marinos, Vailas, Michail, Milan, Michele Mazza, Elnagar, Mohamed, Alradhawi, Mohammad, Dimitrokallis, Nikolaos, Machairas, Nikolaos, Morare, Nolitha, Yeung, Oscar, Khanal, Pragalva, Satish, Pranav, Ghani, Shahi Abdul, Makhdoom, Shahroo, Arulrajan, Sithhipratha, Bogan, Stephanie, Pericleous, Stephanos, Blakemore, Timon, Otti, Vanessa, Lam, Walter, Jackson, Whitney, Abdi, Zakee, Pollok, Joerg M, Berenguer, Marina, Niemann, Claus U, Raptis, Dimitri A, and Spiro, Michael

Published
2023
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18. The actions of methotrexate on endothelial cells are dependent on the shear stress-induced regulation of one carbon metabolism

Author

Marie B. Lang, Kit-Yi Leung, Nicholas D.E. Greene, Kerri M. Malone, Gaye Saginc, Anna M. Randi, Allan Kiprianos, Robert T. Maughan, Charis Pericleous, and Justin C. Mason

Subjects
methotrexate, endothelial cells, one carbon metabolism, cardiovascular disease, shear stress, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

ObjectivesThe disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug methotrexate (MTX) is recognized to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with systemic inflammatory diseases. However, the molecular basis for these cardioprotective effects remains incompletely understood. This study evaluated the actions of low-dose MTX on the vascular endothelium.MethodsHuman endothelial cells (EC) were studied under in vitro conditions relevant to inflammatory arthritis. These included culture in a pro-inflammatory microenvironment and exposure to fluid shear stress (FSS) using a parallel plate model. Respectively treated cells were analyzed by RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR for gene expression, by immunoblotting for protein expression, by phosphokinase activity arrays, by flow cytometry for cell cycle analyses and by mass spectrometry to assess folate metabolite levels.ResultsIn static conditions, MTX was efficiently taken up by EC and caused cell cycle arrest concurrent with modulation of cell signaling pathways. These responses were reversed by folinic acid (FA), suggesting that OCM is a predominant target of MTX. Under FSS, MTX did not affect cell proliferation or pro-inflammatory gene expression. Exposure to FSS downregulated endothelial one carbon metabolism (OCM) as evidenced by decreased expression of key OCM genes and metabolites.ConclusionWe found that FSS significantly downregulated OCM and thereby rendered EC less susceptible to the effects of MTX treatment. The impact of shear stress on OCM suggested that MTX does not directly modulate endothelial function. The cardioprotective actions of MTX likely reflect direct actions on inflammatory cells and indirect benefit on the vascular endothelium.

Published
2023
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22. MHD stability of large scale liquid metal batteries

Author

Tucs, A., Bojarevics, V., and Pericleous, K.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to develop a stability theory and a numerical model for the three density-stratified electrically conductive liquid layers. Using regular perturbation methods to reduce the full 3d problem to the shallow layer model, the coupled wave and electric current equations are derived. The problem set-up allows the weakly non-linear velocity field action and an arbitrary vertical magnetic field. Further linearisation of the coupled equations is used for the linear stability analysis in the case of uniform vertical magnetic field. New analytical stability criteria accounting for the viscous damping are derived for particular cases of practical interest and compared to the numerical solutions for variety of materials used in the batteries. The new criteria are equally applicable to the aluminium electrolysis cell MHD stability estimates., Comment: 31 pages, 10 figures

Published
2018
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24. Cavitation-induced shock wave behaviour in different liquids

Author

Mohammad Khavari, Abhinav Priyadarshi, Justin Morton, Kyriakos Porfyrakis, Koulis Pericleous, Dmitry Eskin, and Iakovos Tzanakis

Subjects
Ultrasonic cavitation, Shock wave, Bubble cloud, Chemistry, QD1-999, Acoustics. Sound, QC221-246
Abstract

This paper follows our earlier work where a strong high frequency pressure peak has been observed as a consequence of the formation of shock waves due to the collapse of cavitation bubbles in water, excited by an ultrasonic source at 24 kHz. We study here the effects of liquid physical properties on the shock wave characteristics by replacing water as the medium successively with ethanol, glycerol and finally a 1:1 ethanol–water solution. The pressure frequency spectra obtained in our experiments (from more than 1.5 million cavitation collapsing events) show that the expected prominent shockwave pressure peak was barely detected for ethanol and glycerol, particularly at low input powers, but was consistently observed for the 1:1 ethanol–water solution as well as in water, with a slight shift in peak frequency for the solution. We also report two distinct features of shock waves in raising the frequency peak at MHz (inherent) and contributing to the raising of sub-harmonics (periodic). Empirically constructed acoustic pressure maps revealed significantly higher overall pressure amplitudes for the ethanol–water solution than for other liquids. Furthermore, a qualitative analysis revealed that mist-like patterns are developed in ethanol–water solution leading to higher pressures.

Published
2023
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25. Ward based goal directed fluid therapy (GDFT) in acute pancreatitis (GAP) trial: A feasibility randomised controlled trial

Author

Costello, Jonathan, Tzelis, Dimitris, Eastgate, Christine, Ciaponi, Maria Jose, McNeil, Margaret, Garcia, Sara Mingo, Pakou, Glykeria, Schwalowsky-Monks, Otto, Asis, Gretchelle, Osakanu, Atokoleka, Troller, Rebekkah, Dimitrokallis, Nikolaos, Pericleous, Stephanos, Khalil, Amjad, Abeles, Aliza, Rees, Charles, Abdulkareem, Khalid, Voultsos, Mavroudis, Froghi, Farid, Soggiu, Fiammetta, Ricciardi, Federico, Vindrola-Padros, Cecilia, Floros, Lefteris, Martin, Daniel, Filipe, Helder, Varcada, Massimo, Gurusamy, Kurinchi, Bhattacharya, Satya, Fanshawe, Angela, Delcea, Bogdan, Mathur, Pawan, and Davidson, Brian

Published
2022
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26. EPAS1 Attenuates Atherosclerosis Initiation at Disturbed Flow Sites Through Endothelial Fatty Acid Uptake.

Author

Pirri, Daniela, Siyu Tian, Tardajos-Ayllon, Blanca, Irving, Sophie E., Donati, Francesco, Allen, Scott P., Mammoto, Tadanori, Vilahur, Gemma, Kabir, Lida, Bennett, Jane, Rasool, Yasmin, Pericleous, Charis, Mazzei, Guianfranco, McAllan, Liam, Scott, William R., Koestler, Thomas, Zingg, Urs, Birdsey, Graeme M., Miller, Clint L., and Schenkel, Torsten

Published
2024
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30. Increasing Prevalence and Incidence of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Adult Patients in Ontario, Canada From 2002 to 2018

Author

Erin S. Mackinnon, PhD, Ron Goeree, BA, MA, Shaun G. Goodman, MD, MSc, Raina M. Rogoza, MSc, Millicent Packalen, BSc(Hons), Louisa Pericleous, PhD, Ponda Motsepe-Ditshego, MD, and Paul Oh, MD, MSc, FRCPC

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the second-leading cause of death in Canada. However, limited data are available on the prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in Canada. The study objective was to describe the incidence and prevalence of ASCVD in adult patients in Ontario, Canada, and to evaluate temporal trends for subsequent ASCVD events among those with new-onset ASCVD. Methods: This retrospective, observational study identified ASCVD incidence and prevalence data from the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Data Repository for adults from Ontario. Overall prevalence was established for the period from 2002 to 2018. Incident cases from April 1, 2005 to March 2016 were then identified, and followed up to 2018. Primary outcomes were date and type of index event/procedure, patient characteristics/baseline demographics, and comorbidities. Secondary outcomes assessed were time from first to second ASCVD event, subsequent event(s) and/or mortality, and type of subsequent event(s) relative to the type of index/primary event. Results: A total of 1,042,621 eligible prevalent ASCVD cases were identified; of these, 743,309 patients (69%) were newly diagnosed with incident ASCVD. The 10-year prevalence rates for all ASCVD subtypes increased over the study period. Overall event incidence rates per 1000 person-years were mostly stable or increased. Among incident cases, 50% experienced subsequent events over the study period. Conclusions: This observational study demonstrated increasing prevalence and high incidence of new ASCVD diagnoses in adults from Ontario, over the study period. These data, together with the substantial number of subsequent events in ASCVD patients, demonstrate significant clinical burden of this disease in Ontario. Résumé: Contexte: Les maladies cardiovasculaires constituent la deuxième cause de décès au Canada. Toutefois, on dispose de peu de données sur la prévalence de la maladie cardiovasculaire athéroscléreuse (MCVAS) au Canada. L’étude avait pour objectifs de décrire l’incidence et la prévalence de la MCVAS chez les patients adultes en Ontario (Canada) et d’évaluer les tendances temporelles des manifestations subséquentes de MCVAS chez les personnes ayant une MCVAS d’apparition récente. Méthodologie: Cette étude observationnelle rétrospective a permis de colliger les données sur l’incidence et la prévalence de la MCVAS chez les adultes ontariens consignées dans le référentiel de l’Institut des sciences cliniques évaluatives. La prévalence globale a été établie pour la période allant de 2002 à 2018. Les cas incidents survenus du 1er avril 2005 à mars 2016 ont ensuite été recensés et suivis jusqu’en 2018. Les paramètres d’évaluation principaux étaient : date et nature de la manifestation index et de l’intervention; caractéristiques des patients et données démographiques initiales; comorbidités. Les éléments suivants constituaient les paramètres d’évaluation secon-daires : temps écoulé entre la première et la deuxième manifestation de MCVAS, la ou les manifestations subséquentes et/ou le décès; nature de la ou des manifestations subséquentes par rapport à celle de la manifestation index ou primaire. Résultats: En tout, 1 042 621 cas de MCVAS prévalents admissibles ont été dénombrés; parmi ceux-ci, il y avait 743 309 (69 %) cas incidents de MCVAS nouvellement diagnostiqués. Les taux de prévalence à 10 ans de tous les sous-types de MCVAS ont augmenté au cours de la période étudiée. Les taux globaux d’incidence des manifestations par 1000 années-personnes étaient généralement stables ou accrus. Cinquante pour cent des cas incidents ont été associés à des manifestations subséquentes au cours de la période étudiée. Conclusions: Cette étude observationnelle a démontré une prévalence croissante et une incidence élevée de nouveaux diagnostics de MCVAS chez les adultes en Ontario au cours de la période étudiée. Les données à cet égard, ainsi que le grand nombre de manifestations subséquentes de la maladie, démontrent que la MCVAS constitue un fardeau clinique considérable en Ontario.

Published
2022
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33. Plasmin Cleavage of Beta-2-Glycoprotein I Alters its Structure and Ability to Bind to Pathogenic Antibodies

Author

Bradford, Hannah F, primary, Lalaurie, Christophe, additional, Gor, Jayesh, additional, Gao, Xin, additional, Pericleous, Charis, additional, Perkins, Stephen J, additional, Britt, Hannah, additional, Thalassinos, Kostantions, additional, Giles, Ian P, additional, Rahman, Anisur, additional, Delcea, Mihaela, additional, Dalby, Paul A, additional, and McDonnell, Thomas C R, additional

Published
2024
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35. Five-year recurrence/survival after pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma: does pre-existing diabetes matter? Results from the Recurrence After Whipple's (RAW) study

Author

Rajagopalan, Ashray, primary, Aroori, Somaiah, additional, Russell, Thomas B., additional, Labib, Peter L., additional, Ausania, Fabio, additional, Pando, Elizabeth, additional, Roberts, Keith J., additional, Kausar, Ambareen, additional, Mavroeidis, Vasileios K., additional, Marangoni, Gabriele, additional, Thomasset, Sarah C., additional, Frampton, Adam E., additional, Lykoudis, Pavlos, additional, Maglione, Manuel, additional, Alhaboob, Nassir, additional, Bari, Hassaan, additional, Smith, Andrew M., additional, Spalding, Duncan, additional, Srinivasan, Parthi, additional, Davidson, Brian R., additional, Bhogal, Ricky H., additional, Dominguez, Ismael, additional, Thakkar, Rohan, additional, Gomez, Dhanny, additional, Silva, Michael A., additional, Lapolla, Pierfrancesco, additional, Mingoli, Andrea, additional, Porcu, Alberto, additional, Shah, Nehal S., additional, Hamady, Zaed Z.R., additional, Al-Sarrieh, Bilal, additional, Serrablo, Alejandro, additional, Croagh, Daniel, additional, Gonzalez-Abos, Carolina, additional, Fernandes, Nair, additional, Moller, Elsa Garcia, additional, Taboada, Cristina Dopazo, additional, Roberts, Keith, additional, Pande, Rupaly, additional, Alfarah, Jameel, additional, Bandyopadhyay, Samik, additional, Abdelrahim, Ahmed, additional, Khan, Ayesha, additional, Jordan, Caitlin, additional, Rees, Jonathan R.E., additional, Blege, Harry, additional, Thomasset, Sarah, additional, Cambridge, William, additional, White, Olga, additional, Frampton, Adam, additional, Blacker, Sarah, additional, Blackburn, Jessie, additional, Sweeney, Casie, additional, Field, Daniel, additional, Gouda, Mohammed, additional, Bellotti, Ruben, additional, Hamid, Hytham K.S., additional, Ahmed, Hassan, additional, Smith, Andrew, additional, Moriarty, Catherine, additional, White, Louise, additional, Priestley, Mark, additional, Bode, Kerry, additional, Sharp, Judith, additional, Wragg, Rosie, additional, Jackson, Beverley, additional, Craven, Samuel, additional, Fehervari, Matyas, additional, Pai, Madhava, additional, Alghazawi, Laith, additional, Onifade, Anjola, additional, Ribaud, Julliette, additional, Nair, Ashitha, additional, Mariathasan, Michael, additional, Grayson, Niamh, additional, Davidson, Brian, additional, Pericleous, Stephanos, additional, Patel, Krishna, additional, Shaw, Conrad, additional, Morare, Nolitha, additional, Zaban, Mohamad Khish, additional, Bhogal, Ricky, additional, Doyle, Joseph, additional, Rajagopalan, Ashray, additional, Guerrero, Alan, additional, Moguel, Andre, additional, Chan, Carlos, additional, Jones, Michael, additional, Buckley, Edward, additional, Akter, Nasreen, additional, Treherne, Kyle, additional, Gordon, Gregory, additional, Silva, Michael, additional, Hughes, Daniel, additional, Urbonas, Tomas, additional, Brachini, Gioia, additional, Caronna, Roberto, additional, Chirletti, Piero, additional, Perra, Teresa, additional, Shah, Nehal Sureshkumar, additional, Abd Kahar, Nurul Nadhirah, additional, Hall, Thomas, additional, Nadeem, Nabeegh, additional, Hamady, Zaed, additional, Karar, Shoura, additional, Arshad, Ali, additional, Yarwood, Adam, additional, Hammoda, Mohammed, additional, Artigas, Maria, additional, Paterna-López, Sandra, additional, Streeter, Adam, additional, Denson, Jemimah, additional, Puckett, Mark, additional, Zhou, Shang-Ming, additional, and Browning, Matthew, additional

Published
2024
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41. Antiphospholipid antibodies and neurological manifestations in acute COVID-19: A single-centre cross-sectional study

Author

Benjamin, Laura A., Paterson, Ross W., Moll, Rachel, Pericleous, Charis, Brown, Rachel, Mehta, Puja R., Athauda, Dilan, Ziff, Oliver J., Heaney, Judith, Checkley, Anna M., Houlihan, Catherine F., Chou, Michael, Heslegrave, Amanda J., Chandratheva, Arvind, Michael, Benedict D., Blennow, Kaj, Vivekanandam, Vinojini, Foulkes, Alexander, Mummery, Catherine J., Lunn, Michael P., Keddie, Stephen, Spyer, Moira J., Mckinnon, Tom, Hart, Melanie, Carletti, Francesco, Jäger, Hans Rolf, Manji, Hadi, Zandi, Michael S., Werring, David J., Nastouli, Eleni, Simister, Robert, Solomon, Tom, Zetterberg, Henrik, Schott, Jonathan M., Cohen, Hannah, and Efthymiou, Maria

Published
2021
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42. How the activity of proving is constituted in a Cypriot classroom for 12 year old students

Author

Pericleous, Maria and Pratt, D.

Subjects
372.7
Abstract

The aim of this study is to identify how the activity of proving is constituted in a Cypriot primary classroom for 12 year old students. Through Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT), the influence of research literature, curriculum prescriptions, the students and critically the teacher is documented. The evolution of objects, in particular the aims of the teacher, and other components in the activity systems is traced. Within the qualitative enquiry, this study employs CHAT alongside a collaborative design approach to explore the way the teacher is working with the students to foreground mathematical argumentation. The research is situated in a Cypriot primary school classroom with the researcher having the role of teacher researcher. The usual class teacher and researcher co-developed Dynamic Geometry Environment (DGE)-based tasks to be used with the children. As a result it was possible to track how the nature of the teacher’s objects changed and how contradictions emerged. Evidence from the curriculum documentation and from classroom observations was used to develop the activity systems of exploring and explaining. One important finding lies in how exploring and explaining were key sub-systems within the central activity system of proving as they provided a key pathway, which often included defining. Processes of explaining, defining and exploring appeared to create a fertile ground for the development of proving. I refer to these developments as pre-proving. However, it turns out that there are inherent contradictions within explaining and exploring that hinder the constitution of proving in the classroom. An emerging primary contradiction was apparent in the multifaceted nature of the object of both exploring and explaining to both facilitate mathematical argumentation and address a prescribed curriculum. Due to the tension between these objects, the teacher was often faced with dilemmas such as whether to open up playful activity or close it down to focus on the curriculum specifics. These led to a constant struggle in the teacher’s everyday practice. I report also on how primary contradictions led inevitably to higher-level contradictions between other components of the activity systems.

Published
2017

43. Comparison of frequency domain and time domain methods for the numerical simulation of contactless ultrasonic cavitation

Author

Christopher Beckwith, Georgi Djambazov, Koulis Pericleous, and Catherine Tonry

Subjects
Ultrasonic melt processing, Numerical modelling, Acoustic cavitation, Acoustic resonance, Chemistry, QD1-999, Acoustics. Sound, QC221-246
Abstract

The use of a top-mounted electromagnetic induction coil has been demonstrated as a contactless alternative to traditional ultrasonic treatment (UST) techniques that use an immersed mechanical sonotrode for the treatment of metals in the liquid state. This method offers similar benefits to existing UST approaches, including degassing, grain refinement, and dispersion of nanoparticles, while also preventing contact contamination due to erosion of the sonotrode. Contactless treatment potentially extends UST to high temperature or reactive melts. Generally, the method relies on acoustic resonance to reach pressure levels suitable for inertial cavitation and as a result the active cavitation volume tends to lie deep in the melt rather than in the small volume surrounding the immersed sonotrode probe. Consequently, (i) with suitable tuning of the coil supply frequency for resonance, the treatment volume can be made arbitrarily large, (ii) the problem of shielding and pressure wave attenuation suffered by the immersed sonotrode is avoided. However, relying on acoustic resonance presents problems: (i) the emergence of bubbles alters the speed of sound, resonance is momentarily lost, and cavitation becomes intermittent, (ii) as sound waves travel through and reflect on all the materials surrounding the melt, the sound characteristics of the crucible and supporting structures need to be carefully considered. The physics of cavitation coupled with this intermittent behaviour poses a challenge to sonotrode modelling orthodoxy, a problem we are trying to address in this publication. Two alternative approaches will be discussed, one of which is in the time domain and one in the frequency domain, which couple the solution of a bubble dynamics solver with that of an acoustics solver, to give an accurate prediction of the acoustic pressure generated by the induction coil. The time domain solver uses a novel algorithm to improve simulation time, by detecting an imminent bubble collapse and prescribing its subsequent behaviour, rather than directly solving a region that would normally require extremely small time steps. This way, it is shown to predict intermittent cavitation. The frequency domain solver for the first time couples the nonlinear Helmholtz model used for studying cavitation, with a background source term for the contribution of Lorentz forces. It predicts comparable RMS pressures to the time domain solver, but not the intermittent behaviour due to the underlying harmonic assumption. As further validation, the frequency domain method is also used to compare the generated acoustic pressure with that of traditional UST using a mechanical sonotrode.

Published
2022
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45. First Year Engineering Students’ Difficulties with Math Courses- What Is the Starting Point for Academic Teachers?

Author

Marios Charalambides, Rita Panaoura, Eleni Tsolaki, and Savvas Pericleous

Subjects
engineering math education, diversity, supplementary teaching materials, Education
Abstract

The discussion about first-year engineering students’ difficulties in mathematics is continuous in the fields of engineering, mathematics and higher education. The present study aimed to examine the initial barriers academic math teachers need to have in mind if they want to improve students’ performance in engineering math courses through appropriate teaching practices in order to face their initial interindividual differences. During the first phase of the study, we examined first year engineering students’ initial beliefs about the nature of mathematics, their self-efficacy beliefs about mathematics and their basic mathematical knowledge. The math school grade was used for their previous mathematical performance. Results indicated the predominant role of the previous mathematical knowledge and the important role of the formalistic disposition toward mathematics. The lack of experience of using mathematics for problem-solving situations within an engineering framework prevented students from recognizing and appreciating the value of mathematical courses during the engineering studies. The second phase of the study examined, through an interview with a group of students, their perceptions of the teaching practices which were introduced after their teacher attended a training program. The discussion concentrates on how academics can use teaching processes for equity and not equality in order to motivate their students.

Published
2023
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