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Currently, there is in the literature a debate concerning the real impact of Product-Service Systems (PSS) models on society. It is now stated that PSS does not necessarily lead to sustainable solutions in practice from a Triple Bottom Line (TBL) perspective. On the other hand, a promising approach, i.e. the Sustainable Product-Service Systems (SPSS) approach, has received attention from scholars within this debate. However, due to the novelty of this discussion, there is insufficient understanding of the synergies and divergences between both approaches regarding the potential to deliver TBL solutions to society. To address these lacks, this study examines the synergies and divergences between PSS and the emerging SPSS to deliver TBL solutions to society. Qualitative and quantitative research approaches were adopted to address the research questions. First, a structured literature review was employed. The literature analysis was segmented into two distinct periods (i.e., first period from 1990 to 2009, and the second period from 2010 to 2021). Next, the Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tools based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Neural Networks were applied to analyse the conceptual definitions retrieved from the relevant literature and extract new knowledge regarding both approaches. Third, the patterns of new knowledge were analysed against the literature in the area leading to research findings. Overall, findings indicate that, from a TBL perspective, SPSS is an emerging and promising approach in which the environmental and social dimensions are more salient than in the traditional PSS models. The study also unveils the central concepts related to both approaches in the extant literature. The article extends the current knowledge on PSS and SPSS, guiding the research communities interested in this area and unlocking the present and future challenges towards an effective sustainable-oriented economy. This article is a pioneering study to examine how the PSS and SPSS concepts have advanced towards TBL solutions in society.

A estratégia de produção descreve o padrão das ações que buscam gerar valor para os clientes e acionistas, tendo em vista à sustentabilidade da empresa no longo prazo. Durante o desenvolvimento da estratégia de produção, um dos aspectos a ser considerado diz respeito à estruturação do sistema produtivo que apoiará os objetivos estratégicos. Contudo, cada sistema exige a determinação de diferentes regras ou parâmetros operacionais táticos, que podem proporcionar um desempenho adequado para um conjunto específico de objetivos e ao mesmo tempo, gerar resultados insatisfatórios em outros objetivos. Assumindo que a estratégia de produção objetiva maximizar o desempenho do sistema produtivo sob uma pesperctiva multidimensional, este trabalho apresenta três modelos multicritério de apoio à decisão para sistemas produtivos job-shop e conwip. O primeiro modelo de decisão é baseado no método FITradeoff, o qual permite a avaliação de diferentes combinações de regras de controle utilizadas na atribuição da data de entrega, seleção e priorização de ordens em sistemas job-shop gerenciados pelo workload control. O segundo modelo utiliza a Teoria da Utilidade Multiatributo para subsidiar a determinação de parâmetros operacionais em sistemas conwip à luz das potenciais consequências de superestimar e as consequências de subestimar os níveis de estoque em processo e de produtos prontos. O terceiro modelo proposto integra a Teoria da Utilidade Multiatributo com o Rank Dependent Utility para apoiar a escolha de regras de prioridade em sistemas job-shop. Fundamentado nesta proposta, esta tese pode ser caracterizada quanto aos procedimentos técnicos pelo uso da simulação computacional e relativo à natureza dos dados, destaca-se uma abordagem essencialmente de pesquisa quantitativa. Para demonstrar a utilidade prática desses modelos, dados realísticos de empresas do segmento metal-mecânico e calçadista foram utilizados. Os resultados obtidos sugerem vantagens para o planejamento e controle da produção em termos de avaliação dos trade-offs entre múltiplos atributos de desempenho, que na maioria das vezes são conflitantes. The production strategy describes the pattern of actions that seek to create value for customers and shareholders, with focus on longterm sustainable. During the development of the strategy of production, one of the aspects to be considered concerns the structure of the production system that will support the strategic objectives. However, each system requires the determination of different rules or tactical operational parameters, which can provide adequate performance for a specific set of objectives and at the same time, lead to unsatisfactory results in other objectives. Assuming the production strategy aims to maximize the performance of the production system over a multidimensional perspective, this work presents three multicriteria models to support decisions in job-shop and conwip production systems. The first decision model is based on the FITradeoff method, which allows the evaluation of different combinations of control rules used for due date assignment, selection and prioritization of orders on job-shop systems managed by workload control. The second model uses the Multiatributo Utility Theory to aim the determination of operating parameters in conwip systems by considering the potential consequences of overestimate and underestimate the consequences of finished goods and in-process inventory levels. The third model proposed integrates the Multiatributo Utility Theory with the Rank Dependent Utility to support the choice of rules of priority in job-shop systems. Based on this proposal, this thesis can be characterized as technical procedures by the use of computer simulation and on the nature of the data is essentially quantitative research approach. To demonstrate the practical usefulness of these models, realistic data of companies in the metal-mechanic and footwear segment were used. The results suggest advantages for production planning and control in terms of evaluating the trade-offs between multiple performance attributes, which most often are conflicting.