Search

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre a prática regular de atividade física, aptidão cardiorrespiratória e perfil lipídico de adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). Materiais e Métodos: participaram 32 adolescentes com DM1 (idade: 13,1±1,9) selecionados de forma intencional. Foram avaliados o perfil lipídico, antropometria e composição (DEXA), nível de atividade física (NAF) e aptidão cardiorrespiratória (VO2max). Os dados foram analisados no software e SPSS, adotando erro alfa de 5% para significância estatística. Resultados: Houve diferença significativa para percentual de gordura com valores maiores para as meninas (p=0,192) e maiores valores de VO2máx para os meninos (p=0,001), divididos em grupos (ativos e sedentários) houve diferença significativa nas variáveis atividade física moderada a vigorosa (AFMV) (p=0,002), triglicerídeos (TG) (p=0,024) VO2máx (p=0,018). Também foi observada correlação negativa e moderada entre AFMV e TG (p= - 0,018), correlação positiva e moderada entre AFMV e VO2máx (p=0,452), negativa e forte entre VO2max e gordura total (p= -0,856), negativa e moderada entre VO2max e TG (p= -0,527). Conclusão: Há relação inversa entre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória, TG e percentual de gordura total em adolescentes com DM1. Quanto ao NAF, os adolescentes fisicamente ativos apresentaram melhores níveis lipídicos, melhor composição corporal e VO2max em comparação com os sedentários.

Introduction: Care towards nutrition is essential for the quality of a sustainable aquaculture product. Since the balance in food affects the growth and production of gametes. The circular economy is made possible through the use of discarded materials. Objective: The aim of this research was to study the fatty acid composition and metabolic pathways in the gametes of Arbacia dufresnii, with a focus on the implications of incorporating shrimp byproducts into aquaculture feeds. Methods: Four different treatments were designed to maintain optimal nutritional quality, particularly in lipids and proteins, based on previous studies. The fatty acid profiles of the feeds and gametes were analyzed by using gas-chromatography, and statistical analyses were conducted to determine significant differences. Results: Significant differences were observed in the abundance (%) of omega-3 (w-3) and omega-6 (w-6) fatty acids. The (w-3) metabolic pathway was more pronounced in the gametes of wild animals and those fed with the experimental feeds. In contrast, the (w-6) metabolic pathway was less relevant in these groups. The (w-3)/(w-6) ratio was highest in the gametes of wild animals. Feeds enriched in fatty acids enhanced their bioaccumulation in the gametes reaching higher concentrations than wild animals. The availability of fatty acids in foods allowed their bioaccumulation in gametes, with concentrations equal to or higher than those observed in animals in their natural environment for certain fatty acids. Conclusions: Incorporating shrimp byproducts in aquaculture feeds demonstrated a promising strategy for resource utilization and organic input generation. The fatty acid composition in the gametes of A. dufresnii was influenced by the diet, highlighting the potential of balanced feeds to enhance the bioaccumulation of essential fatty acids. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of sustainable aquaculture practices and the production of nutritionally enriched seafood products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to analyze the relationship between regular physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and lipid profile of adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Materials and Methods: 32 adolescents with T1DM (age 13.1±1.9) intentionally selected participated. The lipid profile, anthropometry, and composition (DXA), physical activity level (PAL), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) were evaluated. The data were analyzed in the software and SPSS, adopting an alpha error of 5% for statistical significance. Results: There was a significant difference for the percentage of fat with higher values for girls (p=0.192) and higher values of VO2max for boys (p=0.001), divided into groups (active and sedentary adolescents) there was a significant difference in the variables moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (p=0.002), triglycerides (TG) (p=0.024) VO2max (p=0.018). It was also observed a negative and moderate correlation between MVPA and TG (p= - 0.018), positive and moderate correlation between MVPA and VO2max (p=0.452), a negative and strong correlation between VO2max and total fat (p= - 0.856), negative and moderate correlation between VO2max and TG (p= -0.527). Conclusion: There is an inverse relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness, TG, and total fat percentage in adolescents with T1DM. As for PAL, physically active adolescents presented better lipid levels, better body composition, and VO2max in comparison with sedentary adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study developed chicken nuggets with emulsions with different percentages of canola oil (CO) to replace the chicken skin and evaluating the quality of the final product and the effect of frying. The experiment was set up in a 5x5 factorial scheme with the replacement of skin with different percentages of CO (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) and storage periods (0, 45, 90, 135,and 180 days), and parameters such as pH and oxidation were evaluated. It was considered a 5x2 factorial scheme (replacement of skin with CO and different sample conditions (raw and fried in CO)) for the analyses of the centesimal composition, fatty acid profile, atherogenic (AI), and thrombogenic (IT) indices. The sensory analysis evaluated the chicken nuggets at time zero. The pH values ranged from 6.62 to 6.86, as an effect of frying, there was an increase in lipid content with increasing levels of substitution (T0-raw: 5.36% and fried: 12.11%; T100-raw: 7.93% and fried: 15.43%) and a decrease in moisture content in relation to the raw sample. There was a decrease in AI (T0%-raw vs. T100%-fried, 0.39 vs. 0.10) and IT (T0%-raw vs. T100%-fried, 0.61 vs. 0.18) with CO addition and frying, and lipid oxidation increased with storage. The ω6/ω3 ratio decreased and the PUFA/SFA increased with the replacement of chicken skin with CO, but there was no difference in the sensory analysis. Even though chicken nuggets are prone to lipid oxidation, it is possible to improve their nutritional value either by adding CO to the meat mixture or by frying them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The evaluation of the physical condition allows a previous knowledge of the physical condition of the person or group researched, as well as the elaboration of training with the precautions appropriate to the objective of the activity, which provides greater security in the quantification of the exercise. Good physical condition is associated with health, while an insufficient physical condition may indicate impairment of the person's health. The objective of the present research is to analyse the values of cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides in relation to the physical condition levels of the residents of the Puruzinho community in the state of Amazonas. This is a descriptive cross-sectional research, and the study universe consists of 164 people distributed in 20 families. The sample consisted of 40 people aged between 13 and 73 years (36.25±14.31), 18 women (35.05±12.89), and 22 men (35.94±16.13). The research data collection instrument consisted of a questionnaire with closed questions developed through personal interviews. Thus, the responses of each individual were analysed, translated into scores and, subsequently, the physical classification, following the following criteria: (1 to 5 points – “Insufficient physical condition”), (6 to 7 points – “Normal physical condition”) and (8 to 10 points – “Good physical condition”). Refrigerated Serum was analysed using the Automated Enzymatic Method (BS-200) to determine the lipid profile. From the questionnaire, it was verified that 50% of the interviewees present a “Good physical condition”, 27.5% of respondents have a “Normal physical condition”, and only 22.5% have “Insufficient physical condition”. The results show the following means and standard deviations for each analysed lipid item: Cholesterol 199.25±44.00, LDL 126.26±39.13, HDL 48.87±10.77 and Triglycerides 120.17±41.14. Of the nine people with insufficient physical condition, one has high blood glucose and borderline cholesterol, two have borderline cholesterol, one has high cholesterol, and four have desirable cholesterol. Of the 11 people with normal physical condition, two have high cholesterol, four have borderline cholesterol, and five have desirable cholesterol. It is necessary to implement a structure for bodily practices in the community, which currently boils down to a field of land for soccer practice. The age group includes adolescents, adults and the elderly. This was a limitation of the research; the sample did not consider this item for the analysis.

Background: infants receiving full breastfeeding (FBF) regulate their appetites differently from those receiving human milk substitutes (HMS). In addition, early exposure to the dietary cholesterol in human milk could lead to better cholesterol regulation in later stages of life. Therefore, the purpose was to compare lipid profiles in 4-month-old infants and to correlate lipid profile with anthropometric indicators and appetite-regulating hormones according to the type of feeding. Methods: this was a cross-sectional and correlational study, which included 145 mother-infant dyads according to the type of feeding; 64 received FBF, 47 partial breastfeeding (PBF), and 34 HMS. The complete lipid profile, total ghrelin, leptin, peptide YY, and glucagon-like peptide type 1 were measured. Z-scores for weight/age, length/age, weight/length, triceps (TSF) and subscapular folds (SSF) and body mass index for age were also obtained. Results: there were significant differences in triglycerides and LDL cholesterol according to the type of feeding. In the HMS group, an inverse relationship was observed between ghrelin and triglycerides (p = 0.038), ghrelin and total cholesterol (TC) (p = 0.026), and peptide YY and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.017). In the PBF group, a direct relationship was observed between length/age (z) and triglycerides (p = 0.001) and between subscapular folds and TC (p = 0.049). In infants receiving HMS, a direct correlation was observed between weight/age (z) and TC (p = 0.045) and between length/age (z) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.010). Conclusion: these findings show a relationship between growth, energy reserve, lipid profile, and modulation of appetite-regulating hormones according to the type of feeding they received. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Alterations in glycemic control and lipids are the main causes of cardiovascular disease. However, metabolic patterns in acute myocardial infarction are not well established. Objective: The purpose of this research is to describe the metabolic characteristics of patients admitted with myocardial infarction. We classified patients according to HDL-c/LDL-c ratio and lipid profiles. Method: observational, descriptive, retrospective study in patients admitted to the Cardiology Department with acute myocardial infarction for one year. Results: 97 patients were included, males predominated (67%) and the mean age was 59 years (SD, ±9.9). Metabolic characteristics were as follows: median glycosylated hemoglobin 6.2% (IQR, 5.8-7.5), fasting blood glucose 107 mg/dL (IQR, 99-152), total cholesterol 201 mg/dL (IQR, 165-223), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) 123 mg/dL (IQR, 96-146), high-density lipoprotein-associated cholesterol (HDL-c) 38.2 mg/dL (IQR, 31.8-45.4) and triglycerides (TG) 161 mg/dL (IQR, 103-234). The HDL-c/LDL-c ratio <0.4 was present in 75% of patients. Patients were classified according to lipid profiles, where the L-1 HDL-c ≤ 40, LDL-c <150, TG <200] and L-2 ]HDL-c >40, LDL-c <150, TG <200] together represented half of the sample. Conclusions: prediabetes, low HDL-c levels, and an HDL-c/LDL-c ratio <0.4 were frequent findings in myocardial infarction. The relationship between metabolic patterns and the risk of myocardial infarction should be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El alto consumo de grasa y carnes suele ser la causa principal de la obesidad, presión arterial alta y enfermedades coronarias, de allí la importancia de reformular alimentos más saludables; éste estudio se realizó con el objetivo de hacer una revisión de los diferentes sustitutos de origen vegetal empleados para reducir grasa y carne en la producción de salchichas más saludable y con similares características organolépticas. Se encontró que los sustitutos son empleados en diferentes presentaciones tales como: fibra, gel, goma, harina y aceite, logrando mejorar el perfil lipídico de la salchicha y por otra parte incluso reducir nitritos. Todos los artículos revisados obtuvieron la aceptabilidad general del producto; sin embargo, hubo reducción de características sensoriales (color, olor, sabor, etc.) en muchos casos. Aún se debe perfeccionar metodologías para el manejo de las propiedades nutricionales y sobre todo funcionales de los productos vegetales a emplear como sustitutos de algún ingrediente o insumo durante producción de salchichas. También es de gran importancia seguir ampliando el horizonte en cuanto a opciones de productos vegetales con propiedades potenciales para ser empleados como sustitutos de grasa, carne o sales.

Swine production has focused its efforts to reduce the amount and improve the quality of fat deposited on carcass. Due to the association of the lipid profile with cardiovascular diseases, researches have been developed to understand how the deposition occurs and to improve the fatty acid profile of swine fat. Among the factors that affect the fat composition, race, sex, and diet, the third one has the greatest impact. Lipid inclusion seems to be a promising way to modulate the lipid profile of fat in pig carcass, with an effect on saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The effect is greater in that fatty acid with the highest concentration in the source used. Soybean oil can double the value of linoleic acid, a by-product of olive oil increases oleic acid by 4%, and flaxseed oil has the ability to increase α-linolenic acid from less than 1% to over 18% in total fatty acids. In addition to the source, the duration and concentration influence the modulation of the fatty acid profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A obesidade é uma doença caracterizada pelo acúmulo excessivo de tecido adiposo. O perfil lipídico é definido pela determinação bioquímica do Colesterol Total (CT), HDL-colesterol (HDL-c), Triglicerídeos (TG) e LDL-colesterol (LDL-c), sendo possível que o CT, LDL-c e o TG, quando fora dos valores de normalidade possam ocasionar aumento da gordura visceral (GV) e vice-versa. Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar a correlação entre% Gordura corporal (%G), GV e dislipidemia. 139 participantes, sendo 21 homens com a média idade de 68,04 ± 7,99 e 118 mulheres com a média de idade 62,16 ± 11,79 foram submetidos à avaliação da % de GV e coleta de sangue em jejum de 12 horas. Como resultado, foi verificado que quando realizada a correlação entre %G e GV houve uma correlação moderada (R=0,458) e significativa (p

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introdução: As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNTs) são um problema de saúde pública importante. A cada ano, seus índices aumentam, associando-se a gastos públicos, elevadas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Maus hábitos, como tabagismo, falta de alimentação saudável, sedentarismo, alcoolismo, são fatores de risco para as DCNTs pois se relacionam com obesidade, dislipidemia, aumento da glicose e alta incidência de hipertensão arterial. Objetivo: avaliar o perfil lipídico e glicose em pacientes adolescentes e adultos jovens de 10 a 24 anos. Materiais e Métodos: Os dados foram obtidos de forma retrospectiva buscando-se os anos de 2016 a 2019 no banco de dados de um laboratório de Análises Clínicas do município de Arroio do Meio-RS, interior do Estado. Resultados: Foram avaliados 1143 pacientes, onde a análise dos parâmetros laboratoriais revelou que 6,9% estavam acima dos valores de referência para glicose em jejum, 40,5% para colesterol total, 26,4% para triglicerídeos, 33% para LDL e 11,3% abaixo do mínimo para HDL. Discussão: Através dos dados obtidos neste estudo foi possível apontar a existência de fatores de risco em jovens, sendo que maus hábitos podem iniciar precocemente e contribuir de forma importante para a perpetuação e aumento das DCNTs. Existe um aumento na obesidade no Brasil que deve ser freado com ações voltadas também ao público jovem. Conclusão: É importante alertar a população e ressaltar a necessidade de exames de rotina para controle e acompanhamento do estado de saúde, podendo auxiliar na prevenção e detecção precoce de problemas de saúde e fatores de risco relacionados às DCNTs.

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) es una especie arbórea originaria de la India, adaptable a diversos climas. Esta especie otorga beneficios para la salud humana por ser fuente de vitaminas, minerales y ácidos grasos polinsaturados, aunque su uso acuícola es escaso. En esta investigación se analizó el perfil lipídico y aminoacídico de harina de hojas deshidratadas de moringa, como un insumo viable y de calidad para la acuicultura de moluscos. Los resultados revelaron en el perfil lipídico la presencia de ácido α-linolénico 13,9 mg/g (ω-3) de la materia seca y también en menor grado, ácido linoléico con 3,13 mg/g (ω-6); el ácido α- linolénico es precursor en vía metabólica del ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA) y ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA) con funciones biorreguladoras y el ácido linoléico cumple funciones estructurales en las membranas celulares, siendo considerados insumos esenciales para la nutrición inicial en moluscos. El contenido proteico analizado fue de 29,5% con un total de 17 aminoácidos, de los cuales 9 son esenciales, destacándose entre ellos alanina (13,1%), no esencial y leucina (7,9%) esencial, generando un alimento de alta calidad proteica. Debido a estas cualidades encontradas en la harina de hojas deshidratadas de M. oleifera, se sugiere que esta harina podría utilizarse como potencial fitonutriente de alta calidad y suplemento en alimentación de moluscos. Palabras clave: Moringa oleifera; fitonutriente; suplemento vegetal; calidad nutricional; perfil lipídico

Introduction: Introduction: there are controversial data in relation to the reduction in body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) needed to improve adiposity in the pediatric population with obesity. The aim of this work was to determine the minimum variation in BMI-SDS required to improve the values of adiposity markers and cardiometabolic risk factors in growing adolescents with obesity. Methods: a longitudinal study consisting of clinical evaluation (waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, fat mass index, and blood pressure) and blood testing (insulin resistance and lipid profile) was conducted in 350 adolescents with obesity (152 boys and 198 girls) aged 10.2-14.3 years who went through a combined intervention (12 months). Results: a decrease in SDS-BMI ≤ 0.5 was not associated with any significant improvement in the clinical features and blood testing recorded. A decrease in BMI-SDS > 0.5, and especially if > 1.0, was linked to a significant improvement in adiposity markers. A decrease in BMI-SDS > 0.5 was associated with a significant improvement in insulin resistance, and a decrease in BMI-SDS > 1.0 was associated with a significant decrease in the percentage of patients who showed high values of systolic blood pressure, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile Conclusions: improvement in body composition, insulin resistance, and lipid profile can be observed with reductions in BMI-SDS ≥ 0.5 in obese adolescents, while extended benefits are obtained by losing at least 1.0 BMI-SDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The milk-clotting enzymes used in the production of semi-matured and matured cheeses, can influence the metabolic processes that occur during maturation. This study evaluated the impact of chymosin enzyme E.C. 3.4.23.4 (recombinant and microbial origin) on the lipid composition and organoleptic properties of Paipa Cheese, a semi-mature artisan Colombian product. The lactic acid bacteria content in milk and Paipa cheese, the coagulant and lipolytic activity of chymosin, the lipid composition as well as the lipid profile of the product, total free fatty acids, and sensory analysis were evaluated. The results indicated a greater lipolysis in cheeses made with chymosin microbial origin which were associated with a greater lipolytic activity and a greater perception of acidic, rancid, and soapy flavors. Nevertheless, panelists preferred cheese prepared using recombinant chymosin, with lower lipolysis and lipolytic activity. Regardless of the type of protein precipitant that can be used in the elaboration of semi-matured and matured cheeses, Paipa cheese had a high content of saturated fatty acids and omega 3, 6, and 9; which accounted for the organoleptic and nutritional characteristics, which could favorably impact its commercial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obesity is a disease characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue. The lipid profile is defined by the biochemical determination of Total Cholesterol (TC), HDLCholesterol (HDL-c), Triglycerides (TG) and LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-c), and it is possible that TC, LDL-c and TG when outside normal values may cause increased visceral fat (VF) and vice versa. This study aimed to verify the correlation between% Body Fat (%BF), VF and dyslipidemia. 139 participants, 21 men with a mean age of 68.04 ± 7.99 and 118 women with a mean age of 62.16 ± 11.79, were submitted to %VF evaluation and 12-hour fasting blood collection. As a result, it was found that when the correlation between %BF and VF was performed there was a moderate (R=0.458) and significant (p<0.0001) correlation. Regarding %BF and lipid profile components, our data showed that in women with% BF outside the healthy parameters (OHP), 63.50% had HDL-c OHP. As for VF, most men had VFOHP and of these 52.60% had HDL-c FPS, in women with VFOHP, 63.20% had HDL-c OHP. However, when the correlation test between VF, %BF and each component of the lipid profile was performed, there was a weak and inverse correlation between VF x HDL and weak positive correlation between VF x TG. It is concluded, therefore, that the increased %BF causes an increase in VF and in relation to %BF and lipid profile no significant correlations were observed, however, VF causes a decrease in HDL-c and an increase in TG in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policosanol is a mixture of high molecular weight alcohols purified from sugar cane wax with cholesterol-lowering effects and relevant pleiotropic effects, such as the inhibition of platelet aggregation and the susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to be oxidised. The study was undertaken to investigate the effects of policosanol (25 mg/d) in patients with type II hyperlipoproteinemia as well as its safety and tolerability. This study had a double-blind, randomized, controlled, design with two parallel groups that received policosanol (25 mg/d) or placebo for 12 weeks. The study included patients with type II hyperlipoproteinemia, of both sexes, aged between 25 and 70 years. As a primary efficacy variable, the effects on LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed according to the Intention to treat method. The study included 63 patients (27 men, 36 women) (average age: 56 years). At the end of treatment, policosanol significantly reduced levels of LDL-C and total cholesterol, as well as increased serum levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), while triglyceride levels although reduced at the end of treatment, this reduction was not significant. The policosanol was safe and well tolerate, not affecting the physical and laboratory parameters investigated. It is concluded that although treatment with Policosanol (25 mg/d) produced beneficial effects on the lipid profile in these patients at 12 weeks, in addition to being safe and well tolerated, it is not justified to indicate this dose, due to obtaining results lower than those obtained with the 20 mg/d dose in a shorter treatment time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Introdução As doenças cardiovasculares são consideradas um dos principais problemas de saúde na atualidade. O perfil lipídico de crianças e adolescentes se associa diretamente com a prevalência de doença coronariana em adultos, pois o processo aterosclerótico começa a se desenvolver na juventude e progride na vida adulta. Objetivo Avaliar o perfil lipídico de crianças e adolescentes da cidade de Marau-RS. Método Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo, no qual foi avaliado o perfil lipídico de crianças e adolescentes de 1 a 19 anos, período de abril de 2016 a julho 2017, totalizando 272 pacientes. Resultados Entre os pacientes analisados, 34,7% apresentaram hipercolesterolemia, 56,7% demonstraram níveis de HDL abaixo do desejável, 16% exibiram níveis de LDL aumentado e 16% tinham hipertrigliceridemia. A análise estatística dos resultados mostrou uma concentração de colesterol total, HDL e triglicerídeos significativamente mais alta em meninas do que em meninos. Conclusão O percentual elevado de dislipidemias na infância aponta para a necessidade de implantação de políticas públicas que previnam a dislipidemia juvenil, minimizando, assim, agravos relacionados a doenças cardiovasculares na vida adulta da população.

O treinamento físico e a nutrição são algumas das principais ferramentas no combate à obesidade, distúrbios metabólicos e intervenções que visam ganhos corporais estéticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar as implicações do treinamento em circuito periodizado e dieta específica na hipertrofia, percentual de gordura e marcadores biquímicos de saúde. O tipo de pesquisa foi o estudo de caso e o sujeito uma mulher jovem de 26 anos com 1,67m de estatura e 61,9 Kg. A coleta de dados ocorreu antes, durante e após a intervenção. O protocolo utilizou exercícios com periodização ondulatória/linear e intervenção nutricional específica durante 12 semanas. Na análise dos dados foram empregadas a diferença percentual pré e pós. Os resultados mostraram melhoras na composição corporal: 14,95% no percentual de gordura, 14,33% na gordura absoluta e 5,97% na massa muscular. Houve melhora nos marcadores bioquímicos: 16,98% no HDL-colesterol, 3,45% nos triglicerídeos e 7,53% na glicose. A presente pesquisa concluiu que treinamento em circuito aliado a uma dieta específica é eficiente na melhora da composição corporal e marcadores bioquímicos de saúde.

La diabetes mellitus es una enfermedad metabólica caracterizada por hiperglucemia, a consecuencia de defectos en la producción, secreción y/o acción de la insulina, produciendo alteraciones en el metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono, lípidos y proteínas; asociado a un proceso inflamatorio crónica en un plazo variable, que provocara lesiones macro y microvasculares. Objetivo: Evaluar los niveles séricos de interleucina-6 (IL-6) en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 y su correlación con el perfil lipídico. Métodos: Se realizó estudio descriptivo analítico y transversal, comprendido por 60 adultos de ambos sexos entre 30 a 60 años, con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que acudieron a consulta de Endocrinología del Hospital Militar Universitario Dr. Carlos Arvelo. Se les determino glucemia basal, interleucina-6, perfil lipídico, resultados relacionados con parámetros antropométricos, composición corporal, la edad y tiempo de evolución de la diabetes. Resultados: La edad promedio de 51,60 años ± 6,51, donde el 71,6% correspondieron al sexo femenino y el 28,3% al masculino, tiempo de evolución de la diabetes entre 1 mes y 37 años, con un promedio de 10,97 años. Se presentó correlación positiva baja y estadísticamente significativa entre interleucina 6 y los parámetros de triglicéridos, VLDL y no-HDL Conclusión: Se encontró valores elevados de IL-6 en todos los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2, así como una correlación positiva entre IL-6 y las lipoproteínas ricas en triglicéridos. Esto respalda la idea de que la hipertrigliceridemia puede causar cambios inflamatorios en pacientes diabéticos y esto elevaría el riesgo cardiovascular de estos pacientes.

Introduction: Eating breakfast is a healthy habit that should be encouraged since childhood. When it provides nutritional quality, it is an important daily meal. The consumption of dairy products, cereals, and fruits at breakfast is associated with healthier dietary patterns, with a beneficial impact on the overall quality of the diet. In Spain, as in many other countries, the proportion of children who eat breakfast daily is very high, decreasing somewhat in adolescence. However, the quality of breakfast leaves room for improvement, with a low proportion of children/adolescents with high nutritional quality breakfasts. Children/adolescents who eat breakfast regularly have a higher intake of various nutrients (especially vitamins and minerals) than those who do not eat breakfast. Although the evidence is not entirely conclusive, numerous studies have shown various benefits when comparing the population that eats breakfast regularly versus those who do not, such as cardiometabolic risk parameters (obesity, diabetes, blood pressure and lipid profile) and cognitive functions. Breakfast should be included in healthy eating plans, since it allows incorporating foods that are difficult to consume in other meals and may contribute to reducing the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. In order to promote the intake of a healthy breakfast, it is essential to act on the sociodemographic and cultural factors that influence compliance and quality, such as age, nutritional education (mainly parents and children/adolescents, but also other family members, school mates, friends...), carrying it out as a family, adapting it to the tastes of each population and balancing quality and costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are an important public health problem. Each year, their rates increase, associated with public spending, high rates of morbidity and mortality. Bad habits, such as smoking, lack of healthy eating, physical inactivity, alcoholism, are risk factors for NCDs because they are related to obesity, dyslipidemia, increased glucose and high incidence of arterial hypertension. Objective: to evaluate the lipid and glucose profile in adolescent patients and young adults aged 10 to 24 years. Materials and methods: Data were obtained retrospectively looking for the years 2016 to 2019 in the database of a Clinical Analysis laboratory in the municipality of Arroio do Meio-RS, in the interior of the state. Results: 1143 patients were evaluated, where the analysis of laboratory parameters revealed that 6.9% were above the reference values for fasting glucose, 40.5%, for total cholesterol, 26.4% for triglycerides, 33% for LDL and 11.3% below the minimum for HDL. Discussion: Through the data obtained in this study it was possible to point out the existence of risk factors in young people, and bad habits can start early and contribute in an important way to the perpetuation and increase of NCDs. There is an increase in obesity in Brazil that must be stopped with actions aimed also at young people. Conclusion: It is important to alert the population and emphasize the need for routine examinations to control and monitor health status, which can assist in the prevention and early detection of health problems and risk factors related to NCDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The current demographic and epidemiological transition in Brazil, reflected in the aging population, has a higher prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases (CD), neoplasms, metabolic disorders, chronic respiratory diseases, and chronic renal failure (CRF). These diseases may be due to modifiable risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, anemia, physical inactivity, stress, obesity, and alcoholism. Chronic renal failure occurs due to the slow, progressive, and irreversible loss of renal function, and cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality caused by atheroma resulting from dyslipidemia. Objectives: Based on dyslipidemia as a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and on the susceptibility of its development by chronic renal patients, the objective of this study was to analyze whether the hemodialysis treatment and the medical monitoring is efficient to minimize or avoid dyslipidemia in these patients. Methodology: This is a longitudinal descriptive study carried out through an analysis of laboratory data of tests related to the lipid profile: Total Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and Triglycerides from November 2018 to June 2019. Results: Twenty patients were followed up and had their data analyzed, 50% were aged between 60 and 69 years old and had a previous underlying disease, such as arterial hypertension (45%), hypertension associated with diabetes (25.0%), and isolated diabetes (10.0%). The analysis of the presence of dyslipidemia showed the laboratory tests that had the most changes were HDL with a result under the desirable (<40.0mg / dl) and triglycerides with results considered above normal (> 150.0 mg / dl) with risk for DC. Only 1 female subject (5.0%) presented all the results of the lipid profile altered throughout the study, even using the statin drug, while the majority (95%) of the patients had desirable results. The analysis of all the results of the lipid profile showed that only one male subject presented changes in the entire study period with undesirable triglycerides and HDL, while in the female sex, patient number 14 presented changes in all tests throughout the analysis period, with Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol with undesirable values above normal and undesirable HDL-cholesterol with values under the desirable. The triglycerides test showed the most alteration with undesirable results in 11 (55.0%) subjects, mainly female, with subsequent LDL above normal and reduced HDL, considered an important cardiovascular risk factor due to the formation of atheromas. Conclusion: For patients with CRF, medical follow-up and the hemodialysis treatment performed by the Brazilian Health System is extremely important. This study demonstrated it is as an effective method for the control and prevention of dyslipidemias, minimizing the risk for cardiovascular diseases in this vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for the protective effect of Lactobacillus on hypercholesterolemia. Firstly, twenty Lactobacillus strains were screened for potential probiotics with high bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity using in vitro methods. Secondly, hypercholesterolemic mice induced by a cholesterol-enriched diet were administrated by the probiotic candidate strain L. plantarum Y15, identified from the screen. Results in vitro showed that L. plantarum Y15 possessed high BSH activity. In vivo, L. plantarum Y15 supplementation decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum and liver, increased total cholesterol and total bile acid in feces, and alleviated histopathological changes in the liver. Furthermore, L. plantarum Y15 supplementation modulated the gut microbiota to the control group's pattern, leading to increase BSH activity, which further influence FXR and SHP signaling pathway to upregulate the expression level of CYP7A1 to enhance the cholesterol catabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased prevalence of obesity has endangered the health of Brazilian adolescents. Regular physical activity and lifestyle changes are recommended as prevention and treatment. However, there is no consensus on the dose-response of training programs. This study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of a high-intensity interval training program in aquatic environment (HIITAQ) on physical fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors in obese teenagers. The sample consisted of 18 adolescents of both sexes, aged 12 to 17 years, diagnosed with obesity. Anthropometric variables, physical fitness, blood glucose, and lipid profile were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of training. The program consisted of two sets of 4-8 repetitions for 30 seconds (85%-95% of maximal heart rate) and 60 seconds of active rest interval. After applying the program, a reduction in body mass index was seen, that is, BMI z-score (p <0.01), as well as a reduction of Total Cholesterol, TC (p <0.01), and LDL (p <0.01). There was an increase in basal metabolic rate (p <0.01) and peak VO2 (p <0.01). No differences were seen after the training with regard to fat percentage, body mass index (BMI) waist/height ratio (WHtR), fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HDL-c (p>0.05). The high-intensity training program in aquatic environment was effective in reducing cardiometabolic risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O objetivo foi avaliar marcadores bioquímicos e nutricionais e a associação com a composição corporal de vegetarianos e onívoros do município de Criciúma - SC. Foram avaliados: parâmetros plasmáticos, níveis séricos de vitamina B12 (nos vegetarianos), índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura, composição corporal, motivos para a dieta vegetariana e tempo de vegetarianismo e questionário socioeconômico. Participaram da amostra 34 indivíduos adultos, sendo 11 ovolactovegetarianos, 11 veganos e 12 onívoros, com idade média de 25,24 anos e predominância do gênero feminino. Na classificação do estado nutricional, 97% dos avaliados apresentou IMC eutrófico. A circunferência da cintura esteve adequada nos ovolactovegetarianos (90,9%), veganos (81,8%) e com risco moderado nos onívoros (33,3%). Verificou-se que entre os ovolactovegetarianos (27,3%) e veganos (18,2%) houve excesso de gordura corporal e percentil de massa magra (AMB) muito baixo (36,4%). O colesterol total estava normal em 100% dos ovolactovegetarianos, 81,8% dos veganos e nos onívoros apresentou-se alto em 58,3%. Na glicemia, 50% dos onívoros estavam com risco aumentado para diabetes, enquanto 100% dos ovolactovegetarianos e 81,8% veganos apresentaram normoglicemia. Ocorreu maior predominância de indivíduos onívoros (41,66%) com hemoglobina abaixo do ideal e indicativo de anemia, contra 27,3% nos vegetarianos. Já os níveis séricos de vitamina B12 nos vegetarianos apresentaram-se dentro dos valores ideais, com uma média em 362,86pg/ml. Concluímos que os vegetarianos apresentam melhor perfil lipídico e glicêmico, quando comparados aos onívoros.

Introducción: Las alteraciones en las concentraciones plasmáticas de leptina y adiponectina son la causa de las alteraciones metabólicas en la infancia como, por ejemplo, resistencia a la insulina, glicemias elevadas y perfil lipídico alterado. El desequilibrio de estas adipoquinas es la consecuencia metabólica del exceso de tejido adiposo en el individuo. La obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública en el mundo, al ser una condición predisponente para el desarrollo de exceso de peso en la adultez y, consecuentemente, de padecimientos crónicos como enfermedad cardiovascular, diabetes, síndrome metabólico, entre otras. De ahí la importancia de su detección en etapas tempranas de la vida para su prevención o tratamiento. Por tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el perfil lipídico y biomarcadores de adiposidad, con el fin de establecer la prevalencia de dislipidemias y riesgo de aterogenicidad en niños escolares del distrito de Tres Ríos, cantón de La Unión, provincia de Cartago. Metodología: Se determinó la concentración plasmática de leptina, adiponectina, insulina y lípidos de un grupo de 108 escolares del cantón de La Unión, Cartago, Costa Rica, con edades entre 6 y 10 años, a los cuales se les realizó la evaluación antropométrica y la determinación por duplicado de los biomarcadores. Resultados: Las concentraciones plasmáticas de colesterol total y triglicéridos se encontraban fuera del rango de normalidad en la población en estudio. El exceso de peso evidencia una relación significativa y positiva con las concentraciones plasmáticas de leptina e insulina. Condiciones como la edad y el sexo no afectaron el comportamiento de los indicadores estudiados. Conclusiones: El colesterol total, los triglicéridos, la leptina e insulina podrían constituirse en indicadores metabólicos para el monitoreo del riesgo de enfermedades crónicas en poblaciones pediátricas.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar los niveles séricos del colesterol total, triglicéridos, colesterol de la lipoproteína de alta densidad y colesterol de la lipoproteína de baja densidad entre pollos de engorde y gallinas ponedoras. Se recolectó sangre después de ayuno de 30 pollos de engorde de la línea Cobb 500 de 35 días de edad y de 40 gallinas ponedoras de la línea Hy-Line W-36 de 26 semanas. Se midieron los niveles séricos de triglicéridos y colesterol total mediante métodos enzimáticos colorimétricos, mientras que para determinar el colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta y de baja densidad se usó el método directo detergente + N,Nbis(4-sulfobutil)-m-toluidina. Los datos se analizaron medieante ANOVA simple usando el paquete estadístico Statgraphics® Plus 5.1. Se presentaron diferencias significativas (P < 0.05) entre los pollos de engorde y las gallinas ponedoras en los niveles séricos de los triglicéridos (21.4 vs. 759.6 mg/dL, respectivamente) y en los niveles de colesterol de la lipoproteína de alta densidad (93.1 vs. 64.6 mg/dL, respectivamente). No se encontraron diferencias significativas (P > 0,05) para el colesterol total (125.1 and 137.0 mg/dL, respectivamente) ni para los niveles de colesterol de la lipoproteína de baja densidad (52.2 and 48.2 mg/dL, respectivamente). Los resultados del presente estudio muestran que aunque hubo diferencias de sexo, edad, madurez sexual y sistemas de producción, no se encontraron diferencias en los niveles séricos de colesterol total o en los niveles de colesterol de la lipoproteína de baja densidad entre pollos de engorde y gallinas ponedoras. La diferencia en la concentración de triglicéridos, es debida al transporte de lípidos hacia el ovario en las gallinas ponedoras.

Introduction: Introduction: the use of natural nutritional supplements can be used as a coadjuvant therapy since they have several phytochemicals with potential antioxidant effects that could influence lipid and glycemic metabolism. Objectives: to determine the effect of natural propolis supplementation on lipid metabolism and liver antioxidant activity. Material and methods: 20 male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks) were divided into two groups of 10 animals each. Subsequently, they were fed two different types of diet for 90 days: a standard diet for the control group (diet C) and a standard diet + 2 % propolis (diet P). Hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed. The livers were extracted and washed with saline solution, and the cytosolic fractions were prepared fresh for additional analysis of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. Results: after consuming the diet supplemented with propolis, we found a reduction in glucose (p < 0,01), total cholesterol (p < 0,001), GOT (p < 0,05) and GPT (p < 0,01), whereas the propolis supplement induced an increase in the hepatic activity of SOD (p < 0,001), CAT (p < 0,01) and GR (p < 0,05). Conclusion: the present study reveals that a dietary propolis supplement (2 %) can improve the lipid and glycemic profiles, also increasing antioxidant enzimes and reducing the release of liver transaminases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bistua: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Básicas is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Basicas de la Universidad de Pamplona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Flaxseed is a functional food rich in fiber, omega-6 / omega-3, protein, minerals and vitamins, as well as phytoestrogens such as lignans. It has anti-inflammatory property and analgesic activity, and has important effects on immune responses due to its trace elements. Materials and Methods: This is a review that goals to understand the effects of flaxseed consumption on the lipid profile and liver. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 19 studies found in the Medline, SciELO and CINAHL databases were analyzed. Discussion: Alpha linolenic acid (ALA) present in flaxseed is associated with improved lipid profile. In addition to the liver, studies show the antioxidant activity of flaxseed in other organs. Flaxseed antiinflammatory activity appears to be linked to liver protection with preservation of architecture and suppression of liver enzyme increase, even under hostile conditions. Results and conclusion: The effect of flaxseed was analyzed on the following parameters: lipid profile, prevention of liver damage, morphological parameters and impact of flaxseed consumption in different pathologies. Flaxseed consumption improved the lipid profile, reduced oxidative stress and expression of inflammatory mediators in the liver, in addition to preserving the liver architecture and severity of changes already established by aggressions such as alcohol intake and high fat diets. In addition, ingestion of isolated flaxseed did not cause any liver alteration, answering the main question of this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgroung: People with Down syndrome (DS) may present changes in the lipid profile. The objective of this research was to collect data from the literature on the lipid profile and the effect of exercise on this variable of people with DS. Five databases were searched (MedLine, Lilacs, EBSCO Host, Web of Science and PsycInfo) using terms related to the research objectives. At the end of the searches, 15 articles were included in the review. Five studies verified changes in the lipid profile and high incidence of dyslipidemias, with the most frequent changes being low HDL and elevated triglycerides. Two studies investigated the effect of intervention with exercise and counseling for health-friendly practices and found improvement mainly in HDL after the intervention period. Thus, the lipid profile should be investigated in people with DS and the practice of physical exercises can be used to control these variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CIENCIA UNEMI is the property of Universidad Estatal de Milagro (UNEMI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introdução: A transição epidemiológica nutricional decorrente da mudança no estilo de vida da população tem demonstrado um aumento significativo nos casos de obesidade e de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Objetivo: Avaliar e classificar laboratorialmente o perfil lipídico e a composição corporal de adultos atendidos em um ambulatório de nutrição do Sul do Brasil e realizar a comparação desses parâmetros entre os sexos. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, com análise de dados secundários, de prontuários de indivíduos acima de 20 anos, atendidos em um ambulatório de nutrição do Sul do Brasil, entre os meses de março a junho de 2023 e que apresentavam dados de exames laboratoriais de perfil lipídico, avaliação antropométrica e composição corporal. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos pelo parecer CAAE: 41154814.7.0000.5564. As gestantes foram consideradas como critério de exclusão. As dislipidemias foram classificadas de acordo com a Atualização da Diretriz Brasileira de Dislipidemias e Prevenção da Aterosclerose (2017). O estado nutricional foi classificado de acordo com o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e a Circunferência da Cintura (CC) foi classificada como com risco e sem risco de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), ambos seguindo os critérios da OMS (2000), e o Percentual de Gordura Corporal (%GC) foi realizado com o aparelho de bioimpedância tetrapolar Biodynamics 450 e classificado como aceitável e elevado de acordo com os critérios de Lohman (1992). Após verificar a normalidade dos dados quantitativos através do teste Shapiro Wilk, realizou-se a comparação de dados quantitativos entre os sexos através do Teste T de Student (média e desvio padrão para variáveis paramétricas) ou Teste de Mann-Whitney-U (mediana, mínimo e máximo, para as variáveis não paramétricas). O valor de p<0,05 foi adotado para significância estatística e o software utilizado para as análises dos dados foi o Jamovi 2.4.5. Resultados: A pesquisa incluiu 75 participantes adultos, 53 eram do sexo feminino (71%) e 22 do sexo masculino (29%); 52% eram ativos e 48% sedentários/poucos ativos. Quanto ao estado nutricional, 3% apresentaram baixo peso, 35% eutrofia, 22% sobrepeso e 40% obesidade; 9% não apresentaram alteração de perfil lipídico, 59% foram classificados com o HDL-colesterol baixo, 7% com hipercolesterolemia isolada, 20% com hiperlipidemia mista e 5% com hipertrigliceridemia isolada. Em relação ao risco de DCV pela CC, 63% dos participantes apresentaram risco; 50% apresentaram %GC aceitável e 50% apresentaram %GC elevado. Na comparação entre os sexos, os homens apresentaram maiores valores de peso (p=0,003), triglicerídeos (TG) (p=0,012), CC (p=0,006) e % Massa Magra (MM) (p=<0,001) e menores valores de HDL (p=0,0030) e %GC (<0,001). Conclusão: A maioria dos participantes da pesquisa eram obesos, apresentavam risco de doenças cardiovasculares e com a classificação de perfil lipídico de HDL baixo. Em relação a comparação entre os sexos, o sexo masculino apresentou maiores valores de peso, TG, CC e %MM; e menores valores de HDL-colesterol e %GC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blue cheese is considered fresh at 35 days of maturation. This same cheese can be denominated gorgonzola type after 90 days of maturation, when it will be able to undergo variations in its physical and physical-chemical characteristics. The aim of this study was to compare the variations in the color and physico-chemical composition characteristics of fresh and mature blue cheese, as well as to determine the lipid quality indexes. Three replicates of the same batch of Blue cheese (0 day) were separated, which were submitted to the color analyses (L*, a*, b*), physicalchemical (moisture, ashes, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and sodium) and fatty acid profile. The other portions of blue cheese were submitted to the maturation process under the same conditions of temperature and relative humidity of the air. For the mature cheese samples (45 days), the same analyzes were carried out for comparison effect and initial characteristics change. The results showed that the maturation process of the cheese interfered and altered the color, especially by the development of the fungus acquiring intense green coloration. In the physical-chemical parameters, the percentages of humidity, ashes and sodium showed significant changes. The fatty acid profile revealed significant alterations in the percentage of fatty acids, sums, ratios and indexes of lipid quality giving to mature cheese a greater atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.

Se realizó la extracción del aceite de la pulpa de frutos de aguacate (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) en madurez organoléptica correspondiente al día doce después de cosechado, por ser el día que presentó mayor concentración lipídica equivalente al 20% ± 2. Se utilizó el sistema de extracción mediante un proceso termomecánico, la variable respuesta fue el rendimiento de aceite obtenido expresado en porcentaje y la variable control fue la temperatura de extracción. La caracterización fisicoquímica; índice de yodo, índice de acidez (%) expresado como ácido oleico,índice de saponificación (mg KOH/g), índice de refracción a 25°C, índice de peróxidos (meq O2/Kg), índice de peróxidos (meq O2/Kg), punto de fusión (°C), punto de humo (°C), vitamina E, capacidad antioxidante, fenoles totales, y el perfil lipídico de los ácidos grasos se realizó al aceite obtenido con temperatura de extracción de 55 °C por ser ésta la que presentó mayor porcentaje de rendimiento equivalente al 60,2% respecto a la concentración total de aceite presente en la pulpa. El aceite de aguacate obtenido puede clasificarse como extra virgen, con alto contenido en ácidos grasos ω3, ω6 y Vitamina E correspondiente a 759,29 mg/100g, 12.862,30 mg/100 g y 10,11 mg/100 g respectivamente, lo cual posiciona el aceite de aguacate como un alimento altamente nutritivo y potencialmente funcional.

Background and Aims: We aimed to evaluate the differences in some cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors between adult patients without and with phenylketonuria (PKU) and to explore the correlation between waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) with the previous variables., Methods: This was an observational case-control study that included patients older than 18 years with a diagnosis of classic PKU. The controls were age- and sex-matched individuals. We collected demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory variables, including WC, BMI, and lipid profile parameters., Results: A total of 72 patients (25 controls and 47 cases) were included with a mean age of 36 years, of which 45 (62%) were women. Adult PKU patients showed lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and higher triglyceride (TG) levels than the control group. We found an association between WC and uric acid (B=0.024, P=0.013, 95%CI: 0.005-0.043), TG (B=0.768, P=0.024, 95%CI: 0.107-1.428), and HDL-c (B=-0.254, P=0.026, 95%CI: -0.477 to (-0.032)) levels in PKU patients. However, we did not find any trend between WC and uric acid, TG and HDL-c levels that reached statistical significance (P<0.05) in patients without PKU., Conclusions: Waist circumference rather than BMI may better represent the CVR in patients with PKU., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Background and objectives: genetic variants of the APOA1 gene have been related to lipid profile in obese subjects. Our aim was to analyze the effects of the rs670 APOA1 gene polymorphism on metabolic changes secondary to an enriched-polyunsaturated fat vs. an enriched-monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet. Methods: 360 Caucasian obese subjects were randomly allocated to two groups. One group received an enriched-polyunsaturated fat (diet P) and the other an enriched-monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet (diet M) during 12 weeks. The effects on serum biomarkers related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were evaluated before and after the dietary intervention. Results: after both diets, body mass index, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, plasma leptin concentration, and waist circumference decreased in all patients. After 12 weeks of intervention with diet P, plasma insulin levels and HOMA-IR decreased in A-allele carriers: delta: -7.3 ± 2.2 IU/L (p = 0.01), and delta: -2.8 ± 0.5 units (p = 0.02), respectively. The same changes in delta were observed after diet M in A-allele carriers: insulin delta: -5.9 ± 1.2 IU/L (p = 0.01), and HOMA-IR delta: -2.1 ± 0.8 units (p = 0.02). In A-allele carriers, LDL-cholesterol decreased and HDL-cholesterol increased after the dietary intervention with diet P: delta: -12.1 ± 4.3 mg/dL (p = 0.01), and delta: 2.6 ± 0.7 mg/dL (p = 0.01), respectively. No differences in lipid profile were observed after diet M. These improvements were not observed in non-A-allele carriers after both interventions. Conclusions: our study showed the association of the rs670 ApoA1 polymorphism with insulin resistance changes as induced by both diets. An enriched-polyunsaturated fat diet produced an additional improvement of HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in A-allele carriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are considered one of the main health conditions nowadays. The lipid profile of children and adolescents is directly associated with the prevalence of coronary disease in adults, since the atherosclerotic process begins to develop in youth and progresses in adult life. Objective: To evaluate the lipid profile of children and adolescents in the city of Marau-RS. Method: A retrospective study was carried out to evaluate the lipid profile of children and adolescents aged 1 to 19 years, from April 2016 to July 2017, a total of 272 patients. Results: Among the patients analyzed, 34.7% presented hypercholesterolemia, 56.7% had below-desirable HDL levels, 16% had increased LDL levels and 16% had hypertriglyceridemia. Statistical analysis of the results shows a significantly higher concentration of total cholesterol, HDL and Triglycerides in girls when compared to boys. Conclusion: The high percentage of dyslipidemia in childhood points to the need to implement public policies for the prevention of juvenile dyslipidemia. Thus minimizing cardiovascular diseases related to adult life in the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]