35 results on '"Peres Gramacho, Karina"'
Search Results
2. Apoplastomes of contrasting cacao genotypes to witches' broom disease reveals differential accumulation of PR proteins.
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Barbosa De Oliveira, Ivina, dos Santos Alves, Saline, Macêdo Ferreira, Monaliza, Silva Santos, Ariana, Silva Farias, Keilane, Cardoso de Menezes Assis, Elza Thaynara, Yuliana Mora-Ocampo, Irma, Mucherino Muñoz, Jonathan Javier, Almeida Costa, Eduardo, Peres Gramacho, Karina, and Priminho Pirovani, Carlos
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CACAO beans ,LIPID transfer protein ,CACAO ,ENZYMATIC analysis ,PRODUCTION losses ,GENOTYPES - Abstract
Witches' broom disease (WBD) affects cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao L.) and is caused by the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa that grows in the apoplast in its biotrophic phase and later progresses into the tissues, causing serious losses in the production of cocoa beans. Therefore, the apoplast of T. cacao can provide important defense responses during the interaction with M. perniciosa. In this work, the protein profile of the apoplast of the T. cacao genotypes Catongo, susceptible to WBD, and CCN-51, resistant one, was evaluated. The leaves of T. cacao were collected from asymptomatic plants grown in a greenhouse (GH) and from green witches' brooms grown under field (FD) conditions for extraction of apoplastic washing fluid (AWF). AWF was used in proteomic and enzymatic analysis. A total of 14 proteins were identified in Catongo GH and six in Catongo FD, with two proteins being common, one up-accumulated, and one down-accumulated. In CCN-51, 19 proteins were identified in the GH condition and 13 in FD, with seven proteins being common, one up-accumulated, and six down-accumulated. Most proteins are related to defense and stress in both genotypes, with emphasis on pathogenesis-related proteins (PR): PR-2 (β-1,3-glucanases), PR-3 and PR-4 (chitinases), PR-5 (thaumatine), PR-9 (peroxidases), and PR-14 (lipid transfer proteins). Furthermore, proteins from microorganisms were detected in the AWF. The enzymatic activities of PR-3 showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in Catongo GH and PR-2 activity (p < 0.01) in CCN-51 FD. The protein profile of the T. cacao apoplastome offers insight into the defense dynamics that occur in the interaction with the fungus M. perniciosa and offers new insights in exploring future WBD control strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Transgenic tomato expressing an oxalate decarboxylase gene from Flammulina sp. shows increased survival to Moniliophthora perniciosa
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Pereira Menezes Reis, Sara, primary, de Andrade Silva, Edson Mario, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, Freitas Sena, Kaleandra, additional, da Costa Silva, Delmira, additional, Lima Aragão, Francisco José, additional, Cardoso Costa, Marcio Gilberto, additional, and Micheli, Fabienne, additional
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- 2022
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4. Characterization of the microbiota dynamics associated with Moniliophthora roreri, causal agent of cocoa frosty pod rot disease, reveals new viral species.
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Diaz Reyes, Brayan Maudiel, Camargos Fonseca, Paula Luize, Marcel Heming, Neander, de Amorim Conceição, Lucas Barbosa, de Souza Nascimento, Katiucia Ticila, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Arevalo-Gardini, Enrique, Priminho Pirovani, Carlos, and Guimarães Rocha Aguiar, Eric Roberto
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CACAO beans ,SPECIES ,CACAO ,RNA sequencing ,VIRAL genomes ,COCOA ,FUNGAL viruses ,PHYTOPHTHORA - Abstract
Introduction: Theobroma cacao, the cocoa tree, is a target for pathogens, such as fungi from the genera Phytophthora, Moniliophthora, Colletotrichum, Ceratocystis, among others. Some cacao pathogens are restricted to specific regions of the world, such as the Cacao swollen shoot virus (CSSV) in West African countries, while others are expanding geographically, such as Moniliophthora roreri in the Americas. M. roreri is one of the most threatening cacao pathogens since it directly attacks the cacao pods driving a significant reduction in production, and therefore economic losses. Despite its importance, the knowledge about the microenvironment of this pathogen and the cocoa pods is still poorly characterized. Methods: Herein we performed RNA sequencing of spores in differential stages of culture in a medium supplemented with cacao pod extract and mycelium collected of the susceptible variety ICT 7121 naturally infected by the pathogen to evaluate the diversity and transcriptional activity of microorganisms associated with the in vitro sporulation of M. roreri. Results: Our data revealed a great variety of fungi and bacteria associated with M. roreri, with an exceptional diversity of individuals from the genus Trichoderma sp. Interestingly, the dynamics of microorganisms from different kingdoms varied proportionally, suggesting they are somehow affected by M. roreri culture time. We also identified three sequences similar to viral genomes from the Narnaviridae family, posteriorly confirmed by phylogenetic analysis as members of the genus Narnavirus. Screening of M. roreri public datasets indicated the virus sequences circulating in samples from Ecuador, suggesting a wide spread of these elements. Of note, we did not identify traces of the viral sequences in the M. roreri genome or DNA sequencing, restricting the possibility of these sequences representing endogenized elements. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of viruses infecting the fungus of the genus Moniliophthora and only the third description of viruses that are able to parasite elements from the Marasmiaceae family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. The glutathione peroxidase family of Theobroma cacao: Involvement in the oxidative stress during witches' broom disease
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Martins Alves, Akyla Maria, Pereira Menezes Reis, Sara, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Micheli, Fabienne, Martins Alves, Akyla Maria, Pereira Menezes Reis, Sara, Peres Gramacho, Karina, and Micheli, Fabienne
- Abstract
The glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) are enzymes which are part of the cell antioxidant system inhibiting the ROS-induced damages of membranes and proteins. In cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) genome, five GPX genes were identified. Cysteine insertion codons (UGU) were found in TcPHGPX, TcGPX2, TcGPX4, TcGPX6 and tryptophan insertion codon (UGG) in TcGPX8. Multiple alignments revealed conserved domains between TcGPXs and other plants and human GPXs. Homology modeling was performed using the Populus trichocarpa GPX5 structure as template, and the molecular modeling showed that TcGPXs have affinity with selenometionine in their active site. In silico analysis of the TcGPXs promoter region revealed the presence of conserved cis-elements related to biotic stresses and hormone responsiveness. The expression analysis of TcGPXs in cacao plantlet meristems infected by M. perniciosa showed that TcGPXs are most expressed in susceptible variety than in resistant one, mainly in disease stages in which oxidative stress and programmed cell death occurred. This data, associated with phylogenetic and location analysis suggested that TcGPXs may play a role in protecting cells from oxidative stress as a try of disease progression reduction. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the overall GPX family from T. cacao.
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- 2020
6. Involvement of structurally distinct cupuassu chitinases and osmotin in plant resistance to the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa
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Santana Silva, Raner José, Alves, Rafael Moyses, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Marcellino, Lucilia Helena, Micheli, Fabienne, Santana Silva, Raner José, Alves, Rafael Moyses, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Marcellino, Lucilia Helena, and Micheli, Fabienne
- Abstract
The cupuassu tree (Theobroma grandiflorum) is a crop of great economic importance to Brazil, mainly for its pulp and seeds, which are used in food industry. However, cupuassu fruit production is threatened by witches' broom disease caused by the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. As elements of its defense mechanisms, the plant can produce and accumulate pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins such as chitinases and osmotins. Here, we identified three cupuassu PR proteins (TgPR3, TgPR5 and TgPR8) from cupuassu-M. perniciosa interaction RNA-seq data. TgPR3 and TgPR8 corresponded to chitinases, and TgPR5 to osmotin; they are phylogenetically related to cacao and to Arabidopsis PR sequences involved in biotic and abiotic stress. The TgPR proteins' tridimensional structure was obtained through homology modeling, and molecular docking with chitin and chitosan showed that the TgPR proteins can interact with both cell wall molecules and presented a higher affinity for chitosan. TgPR gene expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR on resistant and susceptible cupuassu genotypes infected by M. perniciosa at 8, 24, 48 and 72 h after infection (hai). The TgPR genes showed higher expression in resistant plants compared to the susceptible ones, mainly for TgPR5 at 8 and 24 hai, while the expression was lower in the susceptible cupuassu plants. To our knowledge, this is the first in silico and in vitro reports of cupuassu PR protein. The data suggested that TgPRs could be involved in recognizing mechanisms of the plant's innate immune system through chitin receptors. Our results also suggest a putative role of chitinase/chitosanase for the TgPR5/osmotin.
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- 2020
7. The glutathione peroxidase family of Theobroma cacao: Involvement in the oxidative stress during witches' broom disease
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Martins Alves, Akyla Maria, primary, Pereira Menezes Reis, Sara, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, and Micheli, Fabienne, additional
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- 2020
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8. Involvement of structurally distinct cupuassu chitinases and osmotin in plant resistance to the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa
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Santana Silva, Raner José, primary, Alves, Rafael Moyses, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, Marcellino, Lucilia Helena, additional, and Micheli, Fabienne, additional
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- 2020
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9. Transferibilidade e mapeamento de microssatélites entre Theobroma cacao L. E Theobroma grandiflorum (WILLD. EX. SPRENG.) Schum
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dos Santos Nascimento, Anadine, Alves, Rafael Moyses, de Sousa Silva, Carlos Rogério, Beviláqua de Albuquerque, Paulo Sérgio, Santos Lima Lemos, Lívia, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Clément, Didier, dos Santos Nascimento, Anadine, Alves, Rafael Moyses, de Sousa Silva, Carlos Rogério, Beviláqua de Albuquerque, Paulo Sérgio, Santos Lima Lemos, Lívia, Peres Gramacho, Karina, and Clément, Didier
- Abstract
O gênero Theobroma abrange 22 espécies nativas da região amazônica, dentre elas, duas merecem destaque de produção no Brasil: T. cacao e T. grandiflorum. Devido à importância dessas culturas e a possibilidade de obter informações através de transferibilidade de marcadores moleculares específicos de T. grandiflorum em T. cacao; ii) construir um mapa genético a partir de um cruzamento de T. grandiflorum; iii) posicionar no genoma do cacaueiro os microssatélites de T. grandiflorum. A partir de trabalhos anteriores, foram selecionados e testados 181 marcadores específicos do cacaueiro nos genitores e em cinco indivíduos da população de cupuaçuzeiro, e 44 marcadores específicos do cupuaçuzeiro em cinco genótipos de cacaueiro representativos da diversidade da espécie. As análises de transferibilidade de microssatélites entre T. cacao e T. grandiflorum mostraram uma baixa taxa de transferibilidade dos marcadores de cacaueiro quando amplificados em cupuaçuzeiro (43,09%), e uma alta taxa de transferibilidade dos marcadores de cupuaçuzeiro quando amplificados em cacaueiro (93,3%). Foi possível obter um mapeamento genético parcial de T. grandiflorum, permitindo flanquear microssatélites, das duas espécies, em sete grupos de ligação do mapa de referência do cacaueiro em um mapa genético consenso da espécie. Os resultados do presente trabalho permitiram obter mais informações sobre a transferibilidade e mapeamento de microssatélites entre T. cacao e T. grandiflorum. Tais conhecimentos possibilitam estudos posteriores sobre a diversidade genética, caracterização de germoplasma, construção de mapas genéticos e localização de QTLs.
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- 2019
10. The selenium-binding protein of Theobroma cacao: A thermostable protein involved in the witches' broom disease resistance
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Martins Alves, Akyla Maria, Pereira Menezes, Sara, Matos Lima, Eline, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Silva Andrade, Bruno, Macêdo Ferreira, Monaliza, Pirovani, Carlos Priminho, Micheli, Fabienne, Martins Alves, Akyla Maria, Pereira Menezes, Sara, Matos Lima, Eline, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Silva Andrade, Bruno, Macêdo Ferreira, Monaliza, Pirovani, Carlos Priminho, and Micheli, Fabienne
- Abstract
The selenium-binding proteins are known to be inducers of apoptosis in human and animals, and have been studied as target for the treatment of various types of cancer. In plants, SBP expression has been related to abiotic and biotic stress resistance. The SBP from Theobroma cacao (TcSBP) was first identified from a cocoa-Moniliophthora perniciosa cDNA library. The present study provides details on the TcSBP gene and protein structure. Multiple alignments revealed conserved domains between SBP from plants, human and archea. Homology modeling and molecular docking were performed and showed that the TcSBP has affinity to selenite in the active CSSC site. This result was confirmed by circular dichroism of the recombinant TcSBP, which also presented thermostable behavior. RT-qPCR analysis showed that TcSBP was differentially expressed in resistant vs susceptible cacao varieties inoculated by M. perniciosa and its expression was probably due to hormone induction via cis-regulating elements present in its promotor. The presence of the CSSC domain suggested that TcSBP acted by altering oxidation/reduction of proteins during H2O2 production and programmed cell death in the final stages of the witches' broom disease. To our knowledge, this is the first in silico and in vitro analysis of the SBP from cacao.
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- 2019
11. Bioinformatic analysis of glutathione peroxidase family from theobroma cacao and gene expression during Moniliophthora perniciosa infection.[Poster-B185]
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Martins Alves, Akyla Maria, Pereira Menezes, Sara, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Andrade, Bruno Silva, and Micheli, Fabienne
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Glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) are enzymes which are part of the antioxidant system of the cell. Mammalian GPXs are known as selenoproteins because containing the selenocysteine (Sec) amino acid. In plants, these proteins are less known. Here, were analyzed the protein structure and the gene expression of five GPXs from Theobroma cacao . The three-dimensional structure of the TcGPXs showed that the catalytic site of Tc PHGPX and TcGPX ( 2,4 and 5) contain a cysteine while the GPX8 contain a tryptophan. Interestingly, the T. cacao GPX did not show any selenocysteine in their structure. Docking analysis revealed that TcGPXs can bind to selenium. Phylogenetic analysis split plant and mammalian GPXs in two distinct branches. RT-qPCR analysis of TcGPXs during the T. cacao - Moniliophthora perniciosa interaction showed that TcGPX8 gene is overexpressed in the green broom phase of the susceptible cacao variety. In the resistant variety, the TcGPX5 was significantly more expressed in the final stages of the interaction. This study shows that TcGPXs are important targets for the understanding of the T. cacao - M. perniciosa interaction but also for the functionality of these proteins.
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- 2018
12. The selenium-binding protein of Theobroma cacao: A thermostable protein involved in the witches’ broom disease resistance
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Martins Alves, Akyla Maria, primary, Pereira Menezes, Sara, additional, Matos Lima, Eline, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, Silva Andrade, Bruno, additional, Macêdo Ferreira, Monaliza, additional, Pirovani, Carlos Priminho, additional, and Micheli, Fabienne, additional
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- 2019
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13. Genome-wide identification and characterization of cacao WRKY transcription factors and analysis of their expression in response to witches' broom disease
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Silva Monteiro de Almeida, Dayanne, primary, Oliveira Jordão do Amaral, Daniel, additional, Del-Bem, Luiz-Eduardo, additional, Bronze dos Santos, Emily, additional, Santana Silva, Raner José, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, Vincentz, Michel, additional, and Micheli, Fabienne, additional
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- 2017
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14. Deciphering the Theobroma cacao self-incompatibility system: from genomics to diagnostic markers for self-compatibility
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Lanaud, Claire, primary, Fouet, Olivier, additional, Legavre, Thierry, additional, Lopes, Uilson, additional, Sounigo, Olivier, additional, Eyango, Marie Claire, additional, Mermaz, Benoit, additional, Da Silva, Marcos Ramos, additional, Loor Solorzano, Rey Gaston, additional, Argout, Xavier, additional, Gyapay, Gabor, additional, Ebaiarrey, Herman Ebai, additional, Colonges, Kelly, additional, Sanier, Christine, additional, Rivallan, Ronan, additional, Mastin, Géraldine, additional, Cryer, Nicholas, additional, Boccara, Michel, additional, Verdeil, Jean-Luc, additional, Efombagn Mousseni, Ives Bruno, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, and Clément, Didier, additional
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- 2017
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15. Deciphering the Theobroma cacao self-incompatibility system: from genomics to diagnostic markers for self-compatibility
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Lanaud, Claire, Fouet, Olivier, Legavre, Thierry, Lopes, Uilson Vanderlei, Sounigo, Olivier, Eyango, Marie Claire, Mermaz, Benoit, da Silva, Marcos Ramos, Loor Solorzano, Rey Gaston, Argout, Xavier, Gyapay, Gabor, Ebaiarrey, Herman Ebai, Colonges, Kelly, Sanier, Christine, Rivallan, Ronan, Mastin, Géraldine, Cryer, Nicholas, Boccara, Michel, Verdeil, Jean-Luc, Efombagn, Mousseni Ives Bruno, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Clément, Didier, Lanaud, Claire, Fouet, Olivier, Legavre, Thierry, Lopes, Uilson Vanderlei, Sounigo, Olivier, Eyango, Marie Claire, Mermaz, Benoit, da Silva, Marcos Ramos, Loor Solorzano, Rey Gaston, Argout, Xavier, Gyapay, Gabor, Ebaiarrey, Herman Ebai, Colonges, Kelly, Sanier, Christine, Rivallan, Ronan, Mastin, Géraldine, Cryer, Nicholas, Boccara, Michel, Verdeil, Jean-Luc, Efombagn, Mousseni Ives Bruno, Peres Gramacho, Karina, and Clément, Didier
- Abstract
Cocoa self-compatibility is an important yield factor and has been described as being controlled by a late gameto-sporophytic system expressed only at the level of the embryo sac. It results in gametic non-fusion and involves several loci. In this work, we identified two loci, located on chromosomes 1 and 4 (CH1 and CH4), involved in cocoa self-incompatibility by two different processes. Both loci are responsible for gametic selection, but only one (the CH4 locus) is involved in the main fruit drop. The CH1 locus acts prior to the gamete fusion step and independently of the CH4 locus. Using fine-mapping and genome-wide association studies, we focused analyses on restricted regions and identified candidate genes. Some of them showed a differential expression between incompatible and compatible reactions. Immunolocalization experiments provided evidence of CH1 candidate genes expressed in ovule and style tissues. Highly polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) diagnostic markers were designed in the CH4 region that had been identified by fine-mapping. They are characterized by a strong linkage disequilibrium with incompatibility alleles, thus allowing the development of efficient diagnostic markers predicting self-compatibility and fruit setting according to the presence of specific alleles or genotypes. SSR alleles specific to self-compatible Amelonado and Criollo varieties were also identified, thus allowing screening for self-compatible plants in cocoa populations.
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- 2017
16. Genome-wide identification and characterization of cacao WRKY transcription factors and analysis of their expression in response to witches' broom disease
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Silva Monteiro de Almeida, Dayanne, Do Amaral, Daniel Oliveira Jordão, Del-Bem, Luiz-Eduardo, Bronze dos Santos, Emily, Santana Silva, Raner José, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Vincentz, Michel, Micheli, Fabienne, Silva Monteiro de Almeida, Dayanne, Do Amaral, Daniel Oliveira Jordão, Del-Bem, Luiz-Eduardo, Bronze dos Santos, Emily, Santana Silva, Raner José, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Vincentz, Michel, and Micheli, Fabienne
- Abstract
Transcriptional regulation, led by transcription factors (TFs) such as those of the WRKY family, is a mechanism used by the organism to enhance or repress gene expression in response to stimuli. Here, we report on the genome-wide analysis of the Theobroma cacao WRKY TF family and also investigate the expression of WRKY genes in cacao infected by the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. In the cacao genome, 61 non-redundant WRKY sequences were found and classified in three groups (I to III) according to the WRKY and zinc-finger motif types. The 61 putative WRKY sequences were distributed on the 10 cacao chromosomes and 24 of them came from duplication events. The sequences were phylogenetically organized according to the general WRKY groups. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that subgroups IIa and IIb are sister groups and share a common ancestor, as well as subgroups IId and IIe. The most divergent groups according to the plant origin were IIc and III. According to the phylogenetic analysis, 7 TcWRKY genes were selected and analyzed by RT-qPCR in susceptible and resistant cacao plants infected (or not) with M. perniciosa. Some TcWRKY genes presented interesting responses to M. perniciosa such as Tc01_p014750/Tc06_p013130/AtWRKY28, Tc09_p001530/Tc06_p004420/AtWRKY40, Tc04_p016130/AtWRKY54 and Tc10_p016570/ AtWRKY70. Our results can help to select appropriate candidate genes for further characterization in cacao or in other Theobroma species.
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- 2017
17. A protocol for large scale genomic DNA isolation for cacao genetics analysis
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Mercs Ferreira Santos Rogrio, Vanderlei Lopes Uilson, Clement Didier, Luis Pires Jose, Matos Lima Eline, Batista Messias Tamiles, and Peres Gramacho Karina
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Genetics ,Marker-assisted selection ,Quantitative trait locus ,Biology ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,DNA extraction ,Genome ,Manual extraction ,F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,genomic DNA ,cacao ,spheres ,lyophilized ,chemistry ,Theobroma cacao ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Molecular Biology ,DNA ,Genomic selection ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Advances in DNA technology, such as marker assisted selection, detection of quantitative trait loci and genomic selection also require the isolation of DNA from a large number of samples and the preservation of tissue samples for future use in cacao genome studies. The present study proposes a method for the preservation of sample tissues for DNA extraction and for manual extraction of large number of samples using spheres. The integrity and concentration of the DNA by these methods were assessed and compared with conventional method using mortar. The best parameters in order to obtain a fine powder using spheres was the use of 4 lyophilized leaf disks (50 mg), a single steel ball of 6 mm in diameter, followed by 30 s of manual maceration. The quantity of DNA obtained was four times higher than the conventional method. The purity of the DNA obtained was satisfactory and proved to be amplifiable by PCR using SSR primers. The present approach is a reliable, rapid, simple and consistent DNA isolation method for cacao, compared to the conventional methods. The protocol greatly increases the efficiency of extraction and suggests an inexpensive and practical way of DNA isolation of cacao for large scale. Key words: DNA extraction, cacao, spheres, lyophilized.
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- 2014
18. First microsatellite markers developed from Cupuassu ESTs: Application in diversity analysis and cross-species transferability to cacao
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Ferraz dos Santos, Lucas, Moreira Fregapani, Roberta, Falcão, Loeni Ludke, Togawa, Roberto Coiti, Costa, Marcos Mota do Carmo, Lopes, Uilson Vanderlei, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Alves, Rafael Moyses, Micheli, Fabienne, Marcellino, Lucilia Helena, Ferraz dos Santos, Lucas, Moreira Fregapani, Roberta, Falcão, Loeni Ludke, Togawa, Roberto Coiti, Costa, Marcos Mota do Carmo, Lopes, Uilson Vanderlei, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Alves, Rafael Moyses, Micheli, Fabienne, and Marcellino, Lucilia Helena
- Abstract
The cupuassu tree (Theobroma grandiflorum) (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum. is a fruitful species from the Amazon with great economical potential, due to the multiple uses of its fruit´s pulp and seeds in the food and cosmetic industries, including the production of cupulate, an alternative to chocolate. In order to support the cupuassu breeding program and to select plants presenting both pulp/seed quality and fungal disease resistance, SSRs from Next Generation Sequencing ESTs were obtained and used in diversity analysis. From 8,330 ESTs, 1,517 contained one or more SSRs (1,899 SSRs identified). The most abundant motifs identified in the EST-SSRs were hepta- and trinucleotides, and they were found with a minimum and maximum of 2 and 19 repeats, respectively. From the 1,517 ESTs containing SSRs, 70 ESTs were selected based on their functional annotation, focusing on pulp and seed quality, as well as resistance to pathogens. The 70 ESTs selected contained 77 SSRs, and among which, 11 were polymorphic in cupuassu genotypes. These EST-SSRs were able to discriminate the cupuassu genotype in relation to resistance/susceptibility to witches' broom disease, as well as to pulp quality (SST/ATT values). Finally, we showed that these markers were transferable to cacao genotypes, and that genome availability might be used as a predictive tool for polymorphism detection and primer design useful for both Theobroma species. To our knowledge, this is the first report involving EST-SSRs from cupuassu and is also a pioneer in the analysis of marker transferability from cupuassu to cacao. Moreover, these markers might contribute to develop or saturate the cupuassu and cacao genetic maps, respectively.
- Published
- 2016
19. First Microsatellite Markers Developed from Cupuassu ESTs: Application in Diversity Analysis and Cross-Species Transferability to Cacao
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Ferraz dos Santos, Lucas, primary, Moreira Fregapani, Roberta, additional, Falcão, Loeni Ludke, additional, Togawa, Roberto Coiti, additional, Costa, Marcos Mota do Carmo, additional, Lopes, Uilson Vanderlei, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, Alves, Rafael Moyses, additional, Micheli, Fabienne, additional, and Marcellino, Lucilia Helena, additional
- Published
- 2016
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20. Classical and 'omics' approaches to control witches' broom disease of cacao [W120]
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Peres Gramacho, Karina, Pires, José Luis, Clément, Didier, Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, Micheli, Fabienne, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Pires, José Luis, Clément, Didier, Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, and Micheli, Fabienne
- Abstract
In Theobroma cacao the main biotic stresses are cause by fungi, i.e Moniliophthora perniciosa (Mp), causal agent of witches' broom disease of cacao (WBD). Breeding of Mp-resistant varieties is confronted with two major difficulties at present. First, cacao resistant sources have been identified, but most of them are Scavina 6 descendants. Second, resistance from Scavina sources has shown to be unstable. The OMICS with the classical phytopatological and breeding approaches have allowed identifying genotypes with distinction in relation to WBD resistance, thus, carrying different resistance genes. New microsatellites and SNPs markers, and new QTLs (under natural and artificial inoculations) linked to WBD disease resistance have been identified. In parallel, histopatological studies of the cacao-Mp interaction revealed multiples modes of penetration of the fungus into cacao plants as well different mechanisms of resistance. The adaptability of Mp has also been considered, and advances in the understanding the breakdown of witches´ broom resistance, in Bahia, Brazil, have been achieved. Partial results of these projects and the overall strategy will be presented.
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- 2015
21. Study of inheritance and identification of QTLs linked to Ceratocystis wilt resistance in cacao
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Ferreira Santos, Rogério Mercês, Lopes, Uilson Vanderlei, Vieira Midlej Silva, Stela Dalva, Micheli, Fabienne, Clément, Didier, and Peres Gramacho, Karina
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F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes ,H20 - Maladies des plantes - Abstract
Ceratocystis wilt (CW) in cacao, caused by Ceratocystis cacaofunesta, is a drastic disease that results in plant death. The pathogen was recently identified in the major cacao-producing region of Brazil-Bahia. There are still many unanswered questions regarding the sources and mode of inheritance to CW. Phenotypic evaluation of CW resistance has been based on qualitative measures of the disease, therefore hindering the determination of the type of inheritance involved in this pathosystem. The identification of genetic markers tightly-linked to disease resistance loci are valuable tools for the development of resistant cultivars using marker-assisted selection (MAS). Branches of 143 six year old progenies of the F2 Sca 6 x ICS 1 population were wounded by making a 3 mm deep cut with a sterile scalpel, and inoculated with a 20 ul drop of a spore suspension of 3 x 104 CFU/ml. Fifteen days after the inoculation (DAI) stems were collected and transported to the laboratory for evaluation. Stems were sliced open vertically above and below the point of inoculation and the length of the xylem discoloration (LXD) recorded. Associations between molecular markers and resistance to CW were evaluated by a simple interval mapping (SIM) and composite interval mapping (CIM) using the software MapQTL v. 5.0. Mean parental disease scores were 12.14 ± 3.5 cm for Sca 6 and 29.57 ± 6.7 cm for ICS 1. The mean disease score for the entire population was 14.22 ± 3.5 cm. Individual progenies varied from 4.28 to 33.75 cm. The length of the LXD followed a continuous distribution. The inoculation method used allowed to quantitatively phenotype the population. QTL analysis using the SIM and CIM revealed two genomic regions located in linkage groups 3 (LXD-LG3) and 9 (LXD-LG9) associated with the expression of the CW resistance with a LODmax of 2.57 and 3.1, respectively. The QTLs explained individually from 6.9 to 8.6% of the phenotypic variation. The identification of two QTLs involved in resistance to CW offers the possibility to improve the durability of resistance in cocoa by a possible accumulation of many different resistance genes located in different chromosome regions using marker-aided selection. The marker alleles used for the introgression survey on MAS can be also used for characterization of unrelated germplasm and finding new sources of resistance..
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- 2012
22. A protocol for large scale genomic DNA isolation for cacao genetics analysis
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Ferreira Santos, Rogério Mercês, Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, Clément, Didier, Pires, José Luis, Matos Lima, Eline, Batista Messia, Tamiles, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Ferreira Santos, Rogério Mercês, Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, Clément, Didier, Pires, José Luis, Matos Lima, Eline, Batista Messia, Tamiles, and Peres Gramacho, Karina
- Abstract
Advances in DNA technology, such as marker assisted selection, detection of quantitative trait loci and genomic selection also require the isolation of DNA from a large number of samples and the preservation of tissue samples for future use in cacao genome studies. The present study proposes a method for the preservation of sample tissues for DNA extraction and for manual extraction of large number of samples using spheres. The integrity and concentration of the DNA by these methods were assessed and compared with conventional method using mortar. The best parameters in order to obtain a fine powder using spheres was the use of 4 lyophilized leaf disks (50 mg), a single steel ball of 6 mm in diameter, followed by 30 s of manual maceration. The quantity of DNA obtained was four times higher than the conventional method. The purity of the DNA obtained was satisfactory and proved to be amplifiable by PCR using SSR primers. The present approach is a reliable, rapid, simple and consistent DNA isolation method for cacao, compared to the conventional methods. The protocol greatly increases the efficiency of extraction and suggests an inexpensive and practical way of DNA isolation of cacao for large scale.
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- 2014
23. QTLs Detection under natural infection of Moniliophtora perniciosa in a cacao F2 progeny with Scavina-6 descendants
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Feitosa Jucá Santos, Francisca, Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, Pires, José Luis, Melo, G.R.P., Peres Gramacho, Karina, Clément, Didier, Feitosa Jucá Santos, Francisca, Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, Pires, José Luis, Melo, G.R.P., Peres Gramacho, Karina, and Clément, Didier
- Abstract
Studies to determine the genetic bases to witches' broom disease (WBD) resistance in Theobroma cacao L. were carried out in order to identify different genetic sources of resistance and to improve the efficiency of selection using molecular markers. A major QTL for WBD resistance and linked to Scavina 6 - the mains source of resistance, was detected in chromosome 9 from a F2 Scavina 6 x ICS 1 progeny. In this paper, phonotypical quantification of vegetative and flower cushions brooms was done in the same progeny growing in two fields: F2-1M and F2-1C; respectively with 62 individuals and 142 individuals, observed over a period from 2003 to 2008. QTLs analyses were carried out with MapQTL 5.0 software to confirm the presence in chromosome 9 of the previously detected QTL. A significant instability of this QTL was observed with a LOD and the percentage of variation explained decreasing and moving in the confidence interval of mTcCIR157. Others QTLs of resistance were also detected such as one in Ch2, which was found in an opposite direction. These new QTLs analyzes, under natural infections of M. perniciosa, suggest a change in the host and pathogen relationships.
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- 2014
24. Proteomic analysis during of spore germination of Moniliophthora perniciosa, the causal agent of witches' broom disease in cacao.
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Hander Mares, Joise, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Cruz Santos, Everton, da Silva Santiago, André, Oliveira Santana, Juliano, Oliveira de Sousa, Aurizângela, Cerqueira Alvim, Fátima, and Priminho Pirovani, Carlos
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FUNGAL spore germination , *PROTEIN expression , *WITCHES' broom disease , *CACAO , *FUNGAL reproduction , *PLANT proteomics - Abstract
Background: Moniliophthora perniciosa is a phytopathogenic fungus responsible for witches' broom disease of cacao trees (Theobroma cacao L.). Understanding the molecular events during germination of the pathogen may enable the development of strategies for disease control in these economically important plants. In this study, we determined a comparative proteomic profile of M. perniciosa basidiospores during germination by two-dimensional SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. Results: A total of 316 proteins were identified. Molecular changes during the development of the germinative tube were identified by a hierarchical clustering analysis based on the differential accumulation of proteins. Proteins associated with fungal filamentation, such as septin and kinesin, were detected only 4 h after germination (hag). A transcription factor related to biosynthesis of the secondary metabolite fumagillin, which can form hybrids with polyketides, was induced 2 hag, and polyketide synthase was observed 4 hag. The accumulation of ATP synthase, binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), and catalase was validated by western blotting. Conclusions: In this study, we showed variations in protein expression during the early germination stages of fungus M. perniciosa. Proteins associated with fungal filamentation, and consequently with virulence, were detected in basidiospores 4 hag., for example, septin and kinesin. We discuss these results and propose a model of the germination of fungus M. perniciosa. This research can help elucidate the mechanisms underlying basic processes of host invasion and to develop strategies for control of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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25. Development of microsatellite markers for the genetic analysis of Crinipellis perniciosa
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Peres Gramacho, Karina, Risterucci, Ange-Marie, Lanaud, Claire, Bahia, Cassia, Lopes, Uilson Vanderlei, Zaidan, Humberto A., Da Silva Gesteira, Abelmon, and Renato Araujo, Macros
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H20 - Maladies des plantes ,F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes - Abstract
La maladie du balai de sorcière, causée par Crinipellis perniciosa (Stahel) Singer, est la plus importante maladie du cacaoyer (Theobroma cacao L.) dans les zones de culture cacaoyère d'Amérique du Sud et des Iles Caraïbes. On sait peu de choses de la biologie génétique de la population pathogène, et ces informations sont très importantes pour les programmes d'amélioration génétique de l'hôte et le déploiement d'un matériel végétal résistant. Un programme de collaboration internationale a été lancé pour identifier et décrire la diversité génétique de Crinipellis perniciosa en Amérique du Sud. Les microsatellites (SSR) constituent des marqueurs génétiques riches en information pour les études génétiques de populations, du fait de leur nature codominante et multiallélique et leur répartition dans le génome. Les amorces SSR qui ont été recherchées dans la base de données du génome de C. perniciosa étaient conçues comme des candidats éventuels pour la définition d'un protocole d'empreinte moléculaire efficace, standardisé pour cet agent pathogène. Une évaluation a été réalisée sur ces amorces pour en déterminer la fiabilité, l'étendue de leur diffusion à travers le génome de C. perniciosa et leur capacité de discrimination des isolats de C. perniciosa. L'objectif final est l'étude de la structure de la diversité de la population de C. perniciosa provenant de la principale zone de culture cacaoyère du Brésil. Cette présentation rend compte des résultats préliminaires.
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- 2005
26. The pathogenesis-related protein PR-4b from Theobroma cacao presents RNase activity, Ca2+ and Mg2+ dependent-DNase activity and antifungal action on Moniliophthora perniciosa
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Pereira Menezes, Sara, primary, de Andrade Silva, Edson Mario, additional, Matos Lima, Eline, additional, Oliveira de Sousa, Aurizângela, additional, Silva Andrade, Bruno, additional, Santos Lima Lemos, Livia, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, da Silva Gesteira, Abelmon, additional, Pirovani, Carlos Priminho, additional, and Micheli, Fabienne, additional
- Published
- 2014
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27. QTLs DETECTION UNDER NATURAL INFECTION OF Moniliophtora perniciosa IN A CACAO F2 PROGENY WITH SCAVINA-6 DESCENDANTS
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Jucá Santos, Francisca Feitosa, primary, Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, additional, Pires, José Luis, additional, Pires Melo, Gilson Roberto, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, and Clément, Didier, additional
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- 2014
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28. Cacao breeding in Bahia, Brazil - strategies and results
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Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, Monteiro, Wilson Reis, Pires, José Luis, Clément, Didier, Yamada, Milton Macoto, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, Monteiro, Wilson Reis, Pires, José Luis, Clément, Didier, Yamada, Milton Macoto, and Peres Gramacho, Karina
- Abstract
Cacao was introduced in Bahia in 1756, becoming later the largest producer state in the country. In order to support the planting of cacao in the region, a breeding program was established by CEPEC at the beginning of the 1970s. For a long time, the program consisted in testing new hybrids (full-sibs) and releasing a mixture of the best ones to farmers. Lately, particularly after the witches´ broom arrival in the region, in 1989, recurrent breeding strategies were implemented, aiming mainly the development of clones. From 1993 to 2010, more than 500 progenies, accumulating 30 thousand trees, were developed by crossing many parents with resistance to witches´ broom, high yield and other traits. In this period, more than 500 clones were put in trials and 39 clones and 3 hybrids were released to farmers. In this paper the strategies and results achieved by the program are reviewed. Overall the program has good interface with pathology and genomic programs.
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- 2011
29. Activity of polygalacturonases from Moniliophthora perniciosa depends on fungus culture conditions and is enhanced by Theobroma cacao extracts
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Argôlo Santos Carvalho, Heliana, primary, Figueredo Ribeiro, Lidiane, additional, Pirovani, Carlos Priminho, additional, Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional, and Micheli, Fabienne, additional
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- 2013
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30. Protein profile and protein interaction network of Moniliophthora perniciosa basidiospores.
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Hander Mares, Joise, Peres Gramacho, Karina, Cruz dos Santos, Everton, da Silva Santiago, André, de Andrade Silva, Edson Mário, Cerqueira Alvim, Fátima, and Priminho Pirovani, Carlos
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BASIDIOSPORES , *WITCHES' broom disease , *MASS spectrometry , *PROTEOMICS , *USTILAGO maydis - Abstract
Background: Witches' broom, a disease caused by the basidiomycete Moniliophthora perniciosa, is considered to be the most important disease of the cocoa crop in Bahia, an area in the Brazilian Amazon, and also in the other countries where it is found. M. perniciosa germ tubes may penetrate into the host through intact or natural openings in the cuticle surface, in epidermis cell junctions, at the base of trichomes, or through the stomata. Despite its relevance to the fungal life cycle, basidiospore biology has not been extensively investigated. In this study, our goal was to optimize techniques for producing basidiospores for protein extraction, and to produce the first proteomics analysis map of ungerminated basidiospores. We then presented a protein interaction network by using Ustilago maydis as a model. Results: The average pileus area ranged from 17.35 to 211.24 mm2. The minimum and maximum productivity were 23,200 and 6,666,667 basidiospores per basidiome, respectively. The protein yield in micrograms per million basidiospores were approximately 0.161; 2.307, and 3.582 for germination times of 0, 2, and 4 h after germination, respectively. A total of 178 proteins were identified through mass spectrometry. These proteins were classified according to their molecular function and their involvement in biological processes such as cellular energy production, oxidative metabolism, stress, protein synthesis, and protein folding. Furthermore, to better understand the expression pattern, signaling, and interaction events of spore proteins, we presented an interaction network using orthologous proteins from Ustilago maydis as a model. Most of the orthologous proteins that were identified in this study were not clustered in the network, but several of them play a very important role in hypha development and branching. Conclusions: The quantities of basidiospores 7 × 109; 5.2×108, and 6.7 × 108 were sufficient to obtain enough protein mass for the three 2D-PAGE replicates, for the 0, 2, and 4 h-treatments, respectively. The protein extraction method that is based on sedimentation, followed by sonication with SDS-dense buffer, and phenolic extraction, which was utilized in this study, was effective, presenting a satisfactory resolution and reproducibility for M. perniciosa basidiospores. This report constitutes the first comprehensive study of protein expression during the ungerminated stage of the M. perniciosa basidiospore. Identification of the spots observed in the reference gel enabled us to know the main molecular interactions involved in the initial metabolic processes of fungal development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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31. TEMPORAL GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF ISOLATES OF Moniliophthora perniciosa IN SOUTHEAST OF BAHIA, BRAZIL
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Ribeiro Braz Patrocinio, Nara Georgia, primary, Franco C. Moreira, Ricardo, additional, de Oliveira Serra, Walnize, additional, Pires, José Luis, additional, and Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional
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- 2012
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32. ASSOCIATION AMONG SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO WITCHES' BROOM DISEASE FOR THE INCREMENT OF THE LEVEL AND DURABILITY OF THE CHARACTER
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Pires, José Luis, primary, Pires de Melo, Gilson, additional, Macoto Yamada, Milton, additional, and Peres Gramacho, Karina, additional
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- 2012
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33. The pathogenesis-related protein PR-4b from Theobroma cacao presents RNase activity, Ca2+ and Mg2+ dependent-DNase activity and antifungal action on Moniliophthora perniciosa.
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Pereira Menezes, Sara, de Andrade Silva, Edson Mario, Matos Lima, Eline, Oliveira de Sousa, Aurizângela, Silva Andrade, Bruno, Lima Lemos, Livia Santos, Peres Gramacho, Karina, da Silva Gesteira, Abelmon, Priminho Pirovani, Carlos, and Micheli, Fabienne
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PLANT defenses ,PLANT ecology ,PLANT proteins ,AMINO acids ,GENE expression in plants ,PLANT genetics - Abstract
Background The production and accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR proteins) in plants in response to biotic or abiotic stresses is well known and is considered as a crucial mechanism for plant defense. A pathogenesis-related protein 4 cDNA was identified from a cacao- Moniliophthora perniciosa interaction cDNA library and named TcPR-4b. Results TcPR-4b presents a Barwin domain with six conserved cysteine residues, but lacks the chitinbinding site. Molecular modeling of TcPR-4b confirmed the importance of the cysteine residues to maintain the protein structure, and of several conserved amino acids for the catalytic activity. In the cacao genome, TcPR-4b belonged to a small multigene family organized mainly on chromosome 5. TcPR-4b RT-qPCR analysis in resistant and susceptible cacao plants infected by M. perniciosa showed an increase of expression at 48 hours after infection (hai) in both cacao genotypes. After the initial stage (24-72 hai), the TcPR-4b expression was observed at all times in the resistant genotypes, while in the susceptible one the expression was concentrated at the final stages of infection (45-90 days after infection). The recombinant TcPR-4b protein showed RNase, and bivalent ions dependent-DNase activity, but no chitinase activity. Moreover, TcPR-4b presented antifungal action against M. perniciosa, and the reduction of M. perniciosa survival was related to ROS production in fungal hyphae. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report of a PR-4 showing simultaneously RNase, DNase and antifungal properties, but no chitinase activity. Moreover, we showed that the antifungal activity of TcPR-4b is directly related to RNase function. In cacao, TcPR-4b nuclease activities may be related to the establishment and maintenance of resistance, and to the PCD mechanism, in resistant and susceptible cacao genotypes, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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34. Classical and 'omics' approaches to control witches' broom disease of cacao [W120]
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Peres Gramacho, Karina, Pires, José Luis, Didier CLEMENT, Vanderlei Lopes, Uilson, and Micheli, Fabienne
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H20 - Maladies des plantes ,F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes - Abstract
In Theobroma cacao the main biotic stresses are cause by fungi, i.e Moniliophthora perniciosa (Mp), causal agent of witches' broom disease of cacao (WBD). Breeding of Mp-resistant varieties is confronted with two major difficulties at present. First, cacao resistant sources have been identified, but most of them are Scavina 6 descendants. Second, resistance from Scavina sources has shown to be unstable. The OMICS with the classical phytopatological and breeding approaches have allowed identifying genotypes with distinction in relation to WBD resistance, thus, carrying different resistance genes. New microsatellites and SNPs markers, and new QTLs (under natural and artificial inoculations) linked to WBD disease resistance have been identified. In parallel, histopatological studies of the cacao-Mp interaction revealed multiples modes of penetration of the fungus into cacao plants as well different mechanisms of resistance. The adaptability of Mp has also been considered, and advances in the understanding the breakdown of witches´ broom resistance, in Bahia, Brazil, have been achieved. Partial results of these projects and the overall strategy will be presented.
35. Cocoa Apoplastome Contains Defense Proteins Against Pathogens.
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Babosa de Oliveira, Ivina, Moutinho Moura, Igor, Oliveira Santana, Juliano, Peres Gramacho, Karina, dos Santos Alves, Saline, Macêdo Ferreira, Monaliza, Silva Santos, Ariana, Silva de Novais, Diogo Pereira, and Priminho Pirovani, Carlos
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SCIENTIFIC knowledge , *CACAO beans , *CACAO , *SUPEROXIDE dismutase , *PRODUCTION losses , *PROTEINS - Abstract
The apoplast performs important functions in the plant, such as defense against stress, and compounds present form the apoplastic washing fluid (AWF). The fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa, the causal agent of witches' broom disease (WBD) in Theobroma cacao, initially colonizes the apoplast in its biotrophic phase. In this period, the fungus can remain for approximately 60 days, until it changes to its second phase, causing tissue death and consequently large loss in the production of beans. To better understand the importance of the apoplast in the T. cacao-M. perniciosa interaction, we performed the first apoplastic proteomic mapping of two contrasting genotypes for WBD resistance (CCN51-resistant and Catongo-susceptible). Based on two-dimensional gel analysis, we identified 36 proteins in CCN-51 and 15 in Catongo. We highlight PR-proteins, such as peroxidases, ß-1,3-glucanases, and chitinases. A possible candidate for a resistance marker of the CCN-51 genotype, osmotin, was identified. The antioxidative metabolism of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the AWF of the two genotypes under field conditions (FD). T. cacao AWF inhibited the germination of M. perniciosa basidiospores (>80%), in addition to causing morphological changes. Our results shed more light on the nature of the plant's defense performed by the apoplast in the T. cacao-M. perniciosa interaction in the initial (biotrophic) phase of fungal infection and therefore make it possible to expand WBD control strategies based on the identification of potential targets for resistance markers and advance scientific knowledge of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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