Search

Your search keyword '"Perelman, Julian"' showing total 550 results
Start Over Author "Perelman, Julian"
550 results on '"Perelman, Julian"'

3. The Diffusion of Smoking: Association between School Tobacco Policies and the Diffusion of Adolescent Smoking in 38 Schools in 6 Countries

Author

Mélard, Nora, Grard, Adeline, Delvenne, Jean-Charles, Mercken, Liesbeth, Perelman, Julian, Kunst, Anton E., and Lorant, Vincent

Abstract

Social network research has evidenced the role of peer effects in the adoption of behaviours. Little is known, however, about whether policies affect how behaviours are shared in a network. To contribute to this literature, we apply the concept of diffusion centrality to school tobacco policies and adolescent smoking. Diffusion centrality is a measure of centrality which refers to a person's ability to diffuse a given property--in our case, smoking-related behaviours. We hypothesized that stronger school tobacco policies are associated with less diffusion centrality of smoking on school premises and of smoking in general. A whole network study was carried out in 2013 and 2016 among adolescents (n = 18,805) in 38 schools located in six European cities. Overall, diffusion centrality of smoking in general and of smoking on school premises significantly decreased over time. Diffusion centrality of smoking significantly decreased both in schools where the policy strengthened or softened over time, but for diffusion of smoking on school premises, this decrease was only significant in schools where it strengthened. Finally, stronger school tobacco policies were associated with lower diffusion centrality of smoking on school premises and of smoking in general, though to a lesser extent. With such policies, smoking may, therefore, become less prevalent, less popular, and less clustered, thereby lowering the risk of it spreading within networks in, and even outside the school.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Environmental impact of dietary patterns in 10 European countries; a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative dietary surveys.

Author

Alves, Ricardo, Perelman, Julian, Chang, Kiara, and Millett, Christopher

Subjects
*POLLUTION prevention, *CROSS-sectional method, *DIETARY patterns, *RESEARCH funding, *FOOD safety, *CLIMATE change, *SEX distribution, *MULTIVARIATE analysis, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *SUSTAINABILITY, *SURVEYS, *FOOD habits, *SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors, *FOOD supply, *COMPARATIVE studies, *GREENHOUSE gases, *DATA analysis software, *AGRICULTURE, *REGRESSION analysis
Abstract

Background Changing dietary patterns is essential to reducing the substantial environment impact of agriculture and food production systems. We performed a cross-country comparison of dietary patterns and their associated environmental impact in Europe, including by sociodemographic factors. Methods We analyzed pooled cross-sectional dietary records collected during 2010–18 from 10 European countries using the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Comprehensive European Food Database (16 508 adults; aged 18–79 years). Each food consumed was mapped to the corresponding environmental impact data using the SHARP Indicators Database, which provides greenhouse gas emission (GHGE) and land use (LU) values of approximately 900 foods. Total diet-associated environmental impact was calculated for each person and averaged across multiple days. Multivariable linear regression models were used to compare diet-associated GHGE and LU between population subgroups (gender, age, education and diet type) with country-level fixed effects. Results The mean dietary GHGE and LU per capita ranged from 4.0 kgCO2/day and 5.0 m2*year/day in Spain to 6.5 kgCO2eq/day and 8.2 m2*year/day in France. Diet-related GHGE and LU (per kg/food) were lower among females (2.6 kgCO2eq/day, B = −0.08, P  < 0.01; 3.2 m2*year/day, B = −0.11, P  < 0.01), older population aged 66–79 (2.6 kgCO2eq/day, B = −0.03, P  < 0.01; 3.4 m2*year/day, B = −0.4, P  < 0.01), people following vegetarian diets (1.7 kgCO2eq/day, B = −0.07, P  < 0.01; 2.0 m2*year/day, B = −0.07, P  < 0.01), and higher among individuals with secondary education (2.7 kgCO2eq/day, B  = 0.05, P  < 0.01; 3.6 m2*year/day, B = −0.05, P  < 0.01). Conclusions Environmental footprints vary substantially across countries, dietary patterns and between different sociodemographic groups in Europe. These findings are crucial for the development of country-specific food policies aimed at promoting environmentally sustainable diets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Evolution and patterns of global health financing 1995–2014: development assistance for health, and government, prepaid private, and out-of-pocket health spending in 184 countries

Author

Dieleman, Joseph, Campbell, Madeline, Chapin, Abigail, Eldrenkamp, Erika, Fan, Victoria Y, Haakenstad, Annie, Kates, Jennifer, Liu, Yingying, Matyasz, Taylor, Micah, Angela, Reynolds, Alex, Sadat, Nafis, Schneider, Matthew T, Sorensen, Reed, Evans, Tim, Evans, David, Kurowski, Christoph, Tandon, Ajay, Abbas, Kaja M, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ahmed, Kedir Yimam, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Alam, Khurshid, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amrock, Stephen Marc, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Awasthi, Ashish, Barac, Aleksandra, Bernal, Oscar Alberto, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Beyene, Tariku Jibat, Birungi, Charles, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Castro, Ruben Estanislao, Catalia-Lopez, Ferran, Dalal, Koustuv, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, de Jager, Pieter, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dubey, Manisha, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, Andre, Feigl, Andrea B, Fischer, Florian, Fitchett, Joseph Robert Anderson, Foigt, Nataliya, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Gupta, Rahul, Hamidi, Samer, Harb, Hilda L, Hay, Simon I, Hendrie, Delia, Horino, Masako, Jürisson, Mikk, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Javanbakht, Mehdi, John, Denny, Jonas, Jost B, Karimi, Seyed M., Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Yun Jin, Kinge, Jonas M, Krohn, Kristopher J, Kumar, G Anil, El Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd, El Razek, Mohammed Magdy Abd, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Masiye, Felix, Meier, Toni, Meretoja, Atte, Miller, Ted R, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mohammed, Shafiu, Nangia, Vinay, Olgiati, Stefano, Osman, Abdalla Sidahmed, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Patel, Tejas, Caicedo, Angel J Paternina, Pereira, David M, Perelman, Julian, Polinder, Suzanne, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Ram, Usha, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Salama, Joseph, Savic, Miloje, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shrime, Mark G, Talongwa, Roberto Tchio, Ao, Braden J Te, Tediosi, Fabrizio, Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie, Thomson, Alan J, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Topor-Madry, Roman, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Vasankari, Tommi, Violante, Francesco S, Werdecker, Andrea, Wijeratne, Tissa, Xu, Gelin, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Future and potential spending on health 2015–40: development assistance for health, and government, prepaid private, and out-of-pocket health spending in 184 countries

Author

Dieleman, Joseph L, Campbell, Madeline, Chapin, Abigail, Eldrenkamp, Erika, Fan, Victoria Y, Haakenstad, Annie, Kates, Jennifer, Li, Zhiyin, Matyasz, Taylor, Micah, Angela, Reynolds, Alex, Sadat, Nafis, Schneider, Matthew T, Sorensen, Reed, Abbas, Kaja M, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Alam, Khurshid, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Awasthi, Ashish, Barac, Aleksandra, Berheto, Tezera Moshago, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Beyene, Tariku Jibat, Birungi, Charles, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Castro, Ruben Estanislao, Catalia-Lopez, Ferran, Dalal, Koustuv, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dubey, Manisha, Faro, Andé, Feigl, Andrea B, Fischer, Florian, Fitchett, Joseph R Anderson, Foigt, Nataliya, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Gupta, Rahul, Hamidi, Samer, Harb, Hilda L, Hay, Simon I, Hendrie, Delia, Horino, Masako, Jürisson, Mikk, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Javanbakht, Mehdi, John, Denny, Jonas, Jost B, Karimi, Seyed M, Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Yun Jin, Kinge, Jonas M, Krohn, Kristopher J, Kumar, G Anil, Leung, Ricky, El Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd, El Razek, Mohammed Magdy Abd, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Meretoja, Atte, Miller, Ted R, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mohammed, Shafiu, Molla, Gedefaw, Nangia, Vinay, Olgiati, Stefano, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Patel, Tejas, Caicedo, Angel J Paternina, Pereira, David M, Perelman, Julian, Polinder, Suzanne, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Ram, Usha, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Savic, Miloje, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Ao, Braden J Te, Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie, Thomson, Alan J, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Topor-Madry, Roman, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Vargas, Veronica, Vasankari, Tommi, Violante, Francesco S, Wijeratne, Tissa, Xu, Gelin, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. The Diffusion of Smoking: Association Between School Tobacco Policies and the Diffusion of Adolescent Smoking in 38 Schools in 6 Countries

Author

UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, Mélard, Nora, Grard, Adeline, Delvenne, Jean-Charles, Mercken, Liesbeth, Perelman, Julian, Kunst, Anton E., Lorant, Vincent, UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, Mélard, Nora, Grard, Adeline, Delvenne, Jean-Charles, Mercken, Liesbeth, Perelman, Julian, Kunst, Anton E., and Lorant, Vincent

Abstract

Social network research has evidenced the role of peer effects in the adoption of behaviours. Little is known, however, about whether policies affect how behaviours are shared in a network. To contribute to this literature, we apply the concept of diffusion centrality to school tobacco policies and adolescent smoking. Diffusion centrality is a measure of centrality which refers to a person’s ability to diffuse a given property—in our case, smoking-related behaviours. We hypothesized that stronger school tobacco policies are associated with less diffusion centrality of smoking on school premises and of smoking in general. A whole network study was carried out in 2013 and 2016 among adolescents (n = 18,805) in 38 schools located in six European cities. Overall, diffusion centrality of smoking in general and of smoking on school premises significantly decreased over time. Diffusion centrality of smoking significantly decreased both in schools where the policy strengthened or softened over time, but for diffusion of smoking on school premises, this decrease was only significant in schools where it strengthened. Finally, stronger school tobacco policies were associated with lower diffusion centrality of smoking on school premises and of smoking in general, though to a lesser extent. With such policies, smoking may, therefore, become less prevalent,less popular, and less clustered, thereby lowering the risk of it spreading within networks in, and even outside the school.

Published
2023

31. How do hospital characteristics and ties relate to the uptake of second-generation biosimilars?:A longitudinal analysis of Portuguese NHS hospitals, 2015–2021

Author

Perelman, Julian, Duarte-Ramos, Filipa, Gouveia, António Melo, Pinheiro, Luis, Ramos, Francisco, Vogler, Sabine, Mateus, Céu, Perelman, Julian, Duarte-Ramos, Filipa, Gouveia, António Melo, Pinheiro, Luis, Ramos, Francisco, Vogler, Sabine, and Mateus, Céu

Abstract

Background There is limited evidence on within-country discrepancies in biosimilar uptake. This study analyzes differences in timing and diffusion of biosimilar uptake across Portuguese NHS hospitals and explores possible determinants. Research design and methods We analyzed publicly accessible consumption data of originator biologic and biosimilar drugs for adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, rituximab, and trastuzumab, by hospital and month for the years 2015–2021 (N = 9,467). We modeled the time to biosimilar adoption using survival regression models and the share of biosimilar consumption using generalized estimated equations with random hospital effects. Results Academic hospitals were characterized by a quicker uptake of adalimumab and infliximab biosimilars but lower shares for other drugs. A higher total consumption of biologics was related to a lower share of biosimilar uptake. A stronger participation in randomized controlled trials was linked to higher biosimilar shares and quicker uptake, except for rituximab. If all NHS hospitals had biosimilar shares equal to the highest ones, potential annual savings could reach 13.9 million euros. Conclusion The findings suggest a need for capacity-building on biosimilar prescribing, including for doctors of academic hospitals and those working in settings where high biosimilar use would be expected.

Published
2023

32. How do hospital characteristics and ties relate to the uptake of second-generation biosimilars? : A longitudinal analysis of Portuguese NHS hospitals, 2015–2021

Author

Perelman, Julian, Duarte-Ramos, Filipa, Gouveia, António Melo, Pinheiro, Luis, Ramos, Francisco, Vogler, Sabine, Mateus, Céu, Perelman, Julian, Duarte-Ramos, Filipa, Gouveia, António Melo, Pinheiro, Luis, Ramos, Francisco, Vogler, Sabine, and Mateus, Céu

Abstract

Background There is limited evidence on within-country discrepancies in biosimilar uptake. This study analyzes differences in timing and diffusion of biosimilar uptake across Portuguese NHS hospitals and explores possible determinants. Research design and methods We analyzed publicly accessible consumption data of originator biologic and biosimilar drugs for adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, rituximab, and trastuzumab, by hospital and month for the years 2015–2021 (N = 9,467). We modeled the time to biosimilar adoption using survival regression models and the share of biosimilar consumption using generalized estimated equations with random hospital effects. Results Academic hospitals were characterized by a quicker uptake of adalimumab and infliximab biosimilars but lower shares for other drugs. A higher total consumption of biologics was related to a lower share of biosimilar uptake. A stronger participation in randomized controlled trials was linked to higher biosimilar shares and quicker uptake, except for rituximab. If all NHS hospitals had biosimilar shares equal to the highest ones, potential annual savings could reach 13.9 million euros. Conclusion The findings suggest a need for capacity-building on biosimilar prescribing, including for doctors of academic hospitals and those working in settings where high biosimilar use would be expected.

Published
2023

39. Healthy eating: a privilege for the better-off?

Author

Alves, Ricardo, Lopes, Carla, and Perelman, Julian

Abstract

Background: Food subsidies for healthier foods and higher taxes for less healthy alternatives have been increasingly used to promote a healthy diet. Yet, some have argued that the fiscal burden on unhealthy products would fall disproportionately on the worse-off, raising equity concerns. This study estimates the association between income and the consumption of key food groups linked to the Mediterranean diet in the adult Portuguese population. Methods: We used data from the Portuguese National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF 2015–2016), which observed the daily diet of individuals aged above 18 and below 79 years old (n= 3242). Logistic regression models were used to estimate the magnitude of the association between self-reported household income categories and consumption of foods related to the Mediterranean diet (fish, vegetables, fruits and legumes), and not (sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, cakes & pastries and processed meats). Stratified analyses were performed by education and age categories. Results: We observed that the intake of fish (35.8 vs 38.8 g p= 0.02), vegetables (146.7 vs 166.2 g p&lt; 0.01), and fruits (119.8 vs 150.1 g p&lt; 0.01) was positively related to income, with a clear gradient for the two latter. Yet, the positive income-consumption link for fish was only observed among low-educated people, and the one for legumes among high educated and youths. Conversely, the consumption of most non-Mediterranean foods was not positively related to income categories, with the exception of sweets (34.8 vs 31.8 g p= 0.01) and cakes (26.4 vs 21.4 g p&lt; 0.01) (more prevalent among the better-off). Conclusions: The consumption of healthy food is mostly consistently related to income, contrary to the intake of unhealthy ones. It may well be, therefore, that subsidies to healthy foods could allow access to the worse-off while taxing unhealthy food will not impose a disproportionate burden on them.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. a longitudinal analysis of Portuguese NHS hospitals, 2015–2021

Author

Perelman, Julian, Duarte-Ramos, Filipa, Melo Gouveia, António, Pinheiro, Luis, Ramos, Francisco, Vogler, Sabine, Mateus, Céu, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP), Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) - Pólo ENSP, and Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública (CISP/PHRC)

Subjects
intra-country differences, Portugal, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Biosimilar, savings, uptake, Health Policy, diffusion, Pharmacology (medical), hospital-related determinants
Abstract

Funding Information: This study was financed by an unrestricted grant by the Portuguese Association of Generics and Biosimilars (APOGEN) to the Nova National School of Public Health. The funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. The funder was informed that the paper was submitted, and agreed with the submission. Authors not affiliated to the Nova National School of Public Health did not receive any funding for participating in this study. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Background: There is limited evidence on within-country discrepancies in biosimilar uptake. This study analyzes differences in timing and diffusion of biosimilar uptake across Portuguese NHS hospitals and explores possible determinants. Research design and methods: We analyzed publicly accessible consumption data of originator biologic and biosimilar drugs for adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, rituximab, and trastuzumab, by hospital and month for the years 2015–2021 (N = 9,467). We modeled the time to biosimilar adoption using survival regression models and the share of biosimilar consumption using generalized estimated equations with random hospital effects. Results: Academic hospitals were characterized by a quicker uptake of adalimumab and infliximab biosimilars but lower shares for other drugs. A higher total consumption of biologics was related to a lower share of biosimilar uptake. A stronger participation in randomized controlled trials was linked to higher biosimilar shares and quicker uptake, except for rituximab. If all NHS hospitals had biosimilar shares equal to the highest ones, potential annual savings could reach 13.9 million euros. Conclusion: The findings suggest a need for capacity-building on biosimilar prescribing, including for doctors of academic hospitals and those working in settings where high biosimilar use would be expected. publishersversion published

Published
2023

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results