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47 results on '"Perelli Cippo Enrico"'

4. RFX-mod2 diagnostic capability enhancements for the exploration of multi-magnetic-configurations

Author

Carraro, Lorella, primary, Zuin, Matteo, additional, Abate, Domenico, additional, Agostinetti, Piero, additional, Agostini, Matteo, additional, Aprile, Daniele, additional, Barbisan, Marco, additional, Belpane, Andrea, additional, Berton, Giovanni, additional, Bonotto, Matteo, additional, Brombin, Matteo, additional, Cavazzana, Roberto, additional, Cinnirella, Luca, additional, Ciufo, Stefano, additional, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Cordaro, Luigi, additional, D'Isa, Federico, additional, Dal Bello, Samuele, additional, Dal Molin, Andrea, additional, De Masi, Gianluca, additional, Emma, Giulia, additional, Fadone, Michele, additional, Fassina, Alessandro, additional, Fiorucci, Donatella, additional, Franz, Paolo, additional, Grando, Luca, additional, Guiotto, Federico, additional, La Matina, Mirian, additional, Marchiori, Giuseppe, additional, Marconato, Nicolo, additional, Mario, Isabella, additional, Marrelli, Lionello, additional, Milazzo, Ruggero, additional, Molisani, Sara, additional, Moresco, Maurizio, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Peruzzo, Simone, additional, Porcu, Pasquale, additional, Pomaro, Nicola, additional, Puiatti, Maria Ester, additional, Putignano, Oscar, additional, Rigamonti, Davide, additional, Rigoni, Andrea, additional, Rizzolo, Andrea, additional, Ruffini, Federico, additional, Scarin, Paolo, additional, Spagnolo, Silvia, additional, Spolaore, Monica, additional, Taliercio, Cesare, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, Terranova, David, additional, Ugoletti, Margherita, additional, Valisa, Marco, additional, Vianello, Nicola, additional, and Zaniol, Barbara, additional

Published
2024
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6. The single crystal diamond-based diagnostic suite of the JET tokamak for 14 MeV neutron counting and spectroscopy measurements in DT plasmas

Author

Rigamonti, Davide, primary, Dal Molin, Andrea, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Rebai, Marica, additional, Giacomelli, Luca, additional, Gorini, Giuseppe, additional, Nocente, Massimo, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Conroy, Sean, additional, Ericsson, Goran, additional, Eriksson, Jacob, additional, Kiptily, Vasily, additional, Ghani, Zamir, additional, Štancar, Žiga, additional, and Tardocchi, Marco, additional

Published
2023
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8. Neutronics Simulations for DEMO Diagnostics

Author

Luís, Raul, primary, Nietiadi, Yohanes, additional, Quercia, Antonio, additional, Vale, Alberto, additional, Belo, Jorge, additional, Silva, António, additional, Gonçalves, Bruno, additional, Malaquias, Artur, additional, Gusarov, Andrei, additional, Caruggi, Federico, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Chernyshova, Maryna, additional, Bienkowska, Barbara, additional, and Biel, Wolfgang, additional

Published
2023
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9. A new hard X-ray spectrometer for runaway electron measurements in tokamaks

Author

Dal Molin, Andrea, primary, Nocente, Massimo, additional, Dalla Rosa, Marco, additional, Panontin, Enrico, additional, Rigamonti, Davide, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, Shevelev, A E, additional, Khilkevitch, Evgeniy, additional, Iliasova, Margarita, additional, Giacomelli, Luca, additional, Gorini, Giuseppe, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, D'Isa, Federico, additional, Pautasso, Gabriella, additional, Papp, Gergely, additional, Tardini, Giovanni, additional, Macusova, Eva, additional, Cerovsky, Jaroslav, additional, Ficker, Ondřej, additional, Salewski, Mirko, additional, and Kiptily, Vasily, additional

Published
2023
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15. Thermal neutron cross sections of amino acids from average contributions of functional groups

Author

Romanelli, Giovanni, primary, Onorati, Dalila, additional, Ulpiani, Pierfrancesco, additional, Cancelli, Stephanie, additional, Perelli-Cippo, Enrico, additional, Márquez Damián, José Ignacio, additional, Capelli, Silvia C, additional, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, Gorini, Giuseppe, additional, Andreani, Carla, additional, and Senesi, Roberto, additional

Published
2021
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16. Detector Response to D-D Neutrons and Stability Measurements with 4H Silicon Carbide Detectors

Author

Kushoro, Matteo Hakeem, primary, Rebai, Marica, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, Altana, Carmen, additional, Cazzaniga, Carlo, additional, De Marchi, Eliana, additional, La Via, Francesco, additional, Meda, Laura, additional, Meli, Alessandro, additional, Parisi, Miriam, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Pillon, Mario, additional, Trotta, Antonio, additional, Tudisco, Salvo, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2021
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17. Development of the very low angle detector for epithermal neutron scattering at low momentum transfers

Author

Perelli-Cippo, Enrico, Gorini, Giuseppe, Tardocchi, Marco, Cremonesi, Oliviero, Andreani, Carla, Pietropaolo, Antonino, Senesi, Roberto, Bowden, Zoe A., Rhodes, Nigel J., and Schooneveld, Erik M.

Subjects
Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The design and prototype tests of the Very Low Angle Detector (VLAD) for epithermal neutron scattering at low momentum transfers are presented. The detector will be installed on the VESUVIO spectrometer at the ISIS spallation neutron source for so-called High-energy Inelastic Neutron Scattering (HINS) experiments. It will consist of an array of Resonant Detectors (RD) covering the scattering range 1[degrees]-5[degrees]. The results of prototype tests with a reduced set of RD units demonstrate the feasibility of the measurement in the adverse environmental conditions of ISIS. Simulations of particle interactions using the GEANT4 code show that the envisaged detector design can meet the requirements in terms of efficiency, cross-talk between detection channels and neutron scattering events in the detector. Index Terms--Inelastic neutron scattering, resonant detector, time of flight spectroscopy.

Published
2005

18. A multidisciplinary non-destructive study of historical pipe organ fragments

Author

Di Martino, D, Perelli Cippo, E, Kockelmann, W, Scherillo, A, Minniti, T, Lorenzi, R, Malagodi, M, Merlo, C, Rovetta, T, Fichera, G, Albano, M, Kasztovszky, Z, Harsányi, I, Gorini, G, Di Martino, Daniela, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Kockelmann, Winfried, Scherillo, Antonella, Minniti, Triestino, Lorenzi, Roberto, Malagodi, Marco, Merlo, Curzio, Rovetta, Tommaso, Fichera, Giusj Valentina, Albano, Michela, Kasztovszky, Zsolt, Harsányi, Ildikó, Gorini, Giuseppe, Di Martino, D, Perelli Cippo, E, Kockelmann, W, Scherillo, A, Minniti, T, Lorenzi, R, Malagodi, M, Merlo, C, Rovetta, T, Fichera, G, Albano, M, Kasztovszky, Z, Harsányi, I, Gorini, G, Di Martino, Daniela, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Kockelmann, Winfried, Scherillo, Antonella, Minniti, Triestino, Lorenzi, Roberto, Malagodi, Marco, Merlo, Curzio, Rovetta, Tommaso, Fichera, Giusj Valentina, Albano, Michela, Kasztovszky, Zsolt, Harsányi, Ildikó, and Gorini, Giuseppe

Abstract

A multidisciplinary non-destructive study has been carried out on historical pipe organ fragments, trying to infer whether the spatial occurrence of different crystallographic phases (that is alpha‑tin, beta‑tin, cassiterite or romarchite) reflects the visible alterations patterns. We could indeed derive the presence of the beta‑tin phase. Several tin oxide phases have been detected too, associated with the visible occurrence of “grey regions” and hole borders (mapped by Raman spectroscopy), and hydrate phases (mapped by neutron imaging). We aim to demonstrate that neutron and Raman techniques can give relevant indications in archaeometallurgy studies of cultural heritage artifacts, where only non-destructive experiments can be performed. The combination of the two probes could be considered a protocol to be applied in the characterization of tin based specimens.

Published
2019

19. An Archaeometallurgical Investigation on Metal Samples from the Chiaravalle Cross

Author

Di Martino, D, Perelli Cippo, E, Scherillo, A, Kasztovszky, Z, Harsányi, I, Kovács, I, Szőkefalvi-Nagy, Z, Cattaneo, R, Gorini, G, Di Martino, Daniela, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Scherillo, Antonella, Kasztovszky, Zsolt, Harsányi, Ildikó, Kovács, Imre, Szőkefalvi-Nagy, Zoltán, Cattaneo, Roberta, Gorini, Giuseppe, Di Martino, D, Perelli Cippo, E, Scherillo, A, Kasztovszky, Z, Harsányi, I, Kovács, I, Szőkefalvi-Nagy, Z, Cattaneo, R, Gorini, G, Di Martino, Daniela, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Scherillo, Antonella, Kasztovszky, Zsolt, Harsányi, Ildikó, Kovács, Imre, Szőkefalvi-Nagy, Zoltán, Cattaneo, Roberta, and Gorini, Giuseppe

Abstract

The production and manufacturing techniques of metals involve expertise, and the study of ancient artifacts relies on interdisciplinary skills. Metalworking processes used in the production of jewelry masterpieces can, for example, give indications on the provenance of an ancient object of an unknown origin and the techniques used. In this regard, metallic samples from the Chiaravalle Cross (a beautiful processional cross with a complex structure, dating to the 13th century) have been studied, combining bulk and point measurements. Neutron-based experiments (like Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis and neutron diffraction) provide the bulk of the elemental and mineralogical composition, while particle induced X-ray emission analyses evidenced important details on its manufacturing techniques

Published
2019

20. Measurement of the thickness of B4C layers deposited over metallic grids via multi-angle neutron radiography

Author

Vitucci, G, Minniti, T, Angella, G, Croci, G, Muraro, A, Höglund, C, Lai, C, Perelli Cippo, E, Albani, G, Hall-Wilton, R, Robinson, L, Grosso, G, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, Vitucci, Giuseppe, Minniti, Triestino, ANGELLA, GIULIANO, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Höglund, Carina, Lai, Chung-Chuan, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Albani, Giorgia, Hall-Wilton, Richard John, Robinson, Linda, Grosso, Giovanni, Tardocchi, Marco, Gorini, Giuseppe, Vitucci, G, Minniti, T, Angella, G, Croci, G, Muraro, A, Höglund, C, Lai, C, Perelli Cippo, E, Albani, G, Hall-Wilton, R, Robinson, L, Grosso, G, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, Vitucci, Giuseppe, Minniti, Triestino, ANGELLA, GIULIANO, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Höglund, Carina, Lai, Chung-Chuan, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Albani, Giorgia, Hall-Wilton, Richard John, Robinson, Linda, Grosso, Giovanni, Tardocchi, Marco, and Gorini, Giuseppe

Abstract

At the present time, different kinds of thermal neutron detectors are under development at the European Spallation Source research facility, in order to overcome the well-known problem of the 3 He shortage. One of these new systems relies on the use of a 3D neutron converter cathode that consists of a stack of aluminum grids, covered by a 0.9 µm 10 B enriched boron carbide layer ( 10 B 4 C). As the conversion efficiency is a function of the boron thickness and the mean free path of the charged particles produced in the neutron induced reaction, the characterization of the boron carbide layer uniformity over the grids becomes crucial. In this work, a non-destructive method to map the thickness distribution of the converter layer over the grids is shown. The measurements exploit the white-beam neutron radiography technique where the specimen is irradiated at different angles. This experiment has been performed at the IMAT beamline operating at the ISIS spallation neutron source (UK). The results confirm that this non-destructive, wide-ranging technique allows a reliable and fast sample characterization and that it may be exploited in similar analyses where equivalent requirements are requested.

Published
2019

21. The CNESM neutron imaging diagnostic for SPIDER beam source

Author

Croci Gabriele, Muraro Andrea, Grosso Giovanni, Pasqualotto Roberto, Cavenago Marco, Cervaro Vannino, Dalla Palma Mauro, Fincato Michele, Franchin Luca, Murtas Fabrizio, Perelli Cippo Enrico, Rebai Marica, Tollin Marco, Tardocchi Marco, and Gorini Giuseppe

Subjects
CNESM neutron imaging diagnostic, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, ITER, Physics::Accelerator Physics, CNESM, Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping, SPIDER
Abstract

The ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Padova will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 kV negative H/D RF source, and MITICA, a full scale, 1MeV deuterium beam injector. A detection system called Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping (CNESM) is under development with the aim to resolve the horizontal beam intensity profile in MITICA and one of the eight beamlet groups in SPIDER, with a spatial resolution of 3 and 5 cm2 respectively. This is achieved by the evaluation of the map of the neutron emission due to interaction of the deuterium beam with the deuterons implanted in the beam dump surface. CNESM uses nGEM detectors, i.e. GEM detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. The diagnostic will be placed right behind the SPIDER and MITICA beam dump, i.e. in an UHV environment, but the nGEM detectors need to operate at atmospheric pressure, so to contain the detector a vacuum sealed box has been designed to be installed inside the vacuum vessel and at atmospheric pressure inside. The box design was driven by the need to minimize the neutron attenuation and the distance between the beam dump surface and the detector active area. This paper presents the status of the CNSESM diagnostics. It describes the detector box and the different phases followed during the installation of the diagnostic on the SPIDER beam dump. Also the general layout of the diagnostic as part of the SPIDER experiment will be discussed. Finally the preliminary design of MITICA CNESM diagnostic will be introduced. This work was set up in collaboration and financial support of Fusion for Energy.

Published
2018

22. Development of the BAND-GEM detector solution for SANS experiments

Author

Croci, Gabriele, primary, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Albani, Giorgia, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Birch, Jens, additional, Grosso, Giovanni, additional, Höglund, Carina, additional, Hultman, Lars, additional, Murtas, Fabrizio, additional, Rebai, Marica, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, Llamas-Jansa, Isabel, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2019
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24. A multidisciplinary non-destructive study of historical pipe organ fragments

Author

Di Martino, Daniela, primary, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Kockelmann, Winfried, additional, Scherillo, Antonella, additional, Minniti, Triestino, additional, Lorenzi, Roberto, additional, Malagodi, Marco, additional, Merlo, Curzio, additional, Rovetta, Tommaso, additional, Fichera, Giusj Valentina, additional, Albano, Michela, additional, Kasztovszky, Zsolt, additional, Harsányi, Ildikó, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2019
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25. From tiny gold filigrees to majestic iron tie rods: Neutron facilities for the benefit of cultural heritage

Author

Di Martino, D, Perelli Cippo, E, Gorini, G, Di Martino, Daniela, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Gorini, Giuseppe, Di Martino, D, Perelli Cippo, E, Gorini, G, Di Martino, Daniela, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, and Gorini, Giuseppe

Abstract

Neutrons are a well-suited tool in support of heritage science: they are non-destructive and can deeply penetrate into the cultural artefacts. Concerning the archaeometallurgy field, for example, it is possible to study the mineralogical phases, the corrosion phases, the elemental composition, and also the inner morphology of metal objects. Recently, two unconventional case studies have been analysed by neutron techniques: on one hand, the analysis of very tiny gold filigrees from Chiaravalle Cross, a precious and complex jewelry masterpiece, recently restored and preserved at the Museo del Duomo di Milano; on the other hand, the study of iron tie rods from Milan Cathedral acting as static consolidation among pillars. Strength and weaknesses of the techniques will be highlighted, to focus the benefits of neutrons in the cultural heritage field.

Published
2018

26. Performance of the high-efficiency thermal neutron BAND-GEM detector

Author

Muraro, Andrea, primary, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Grosso, Giovanni, additional, Höglund, Carina, additional, Albani, Giorgia, additional, Hall-Wilton, Richard, additional, Kanaki, Kalliopi, additional, Murtas, Fabrizio, additional, Raspino, Davide, additional, Robinson, Linda, additional, Rodhes, Nigel, additional, Rebai, Marica, additional, Schmidt, Susann, additional, Schooneveld, Erik, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2018
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27. Disclosing mineralogical phases in medioeval iron nails by non-destructive neutron techniques

Author

DI MARTINO, D, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Uda, I, Riccardi, M, Lorenzi, R, Scherillo, A, Morgano, M, Cucini, C, Gorini, G, DI MARTINO, DANIELA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, LORENZI, ROBERTO, MORGANO, MANUEL, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, DI MARTINO, D, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Uda, I, Riccardi, M, Lorenzi, R, Scherillo, A, Morgano, M, Cucini, C, Gorini, G, DI MARTINO, DANIELA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, LORENZI, ROBERTO, MORGANO, MANUEL, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE

Abstract

There is not only one methodology for the study of mineralogical phases in archaeological samples. In this paper, we discuss a strategy applied to ancient iron nail samples completely based on non-destructive analyses. The archaeological samples come from the archaeological site of Valle delle Forme (province of Brescia–Italy) and date back to the 1300–1400 ad. Neutron-based techniques, like time-of-flight neutron diffraction and neutron tomography, have been used to determine the mineralogical composition and the structure of nails. An independent check for the assessment of the presence of different mineralogical phases was given by Raman spectroscopy. The combination of different non-destructive techniques has provided very useful information on their chemical composition, nature of the patina and corrosion features of the nails (also in the bulk of the samples).

Published
2017

28. Overview of progress in European medium sized tokamaks towards an integrated plasma-edge/wall solution

Author

Meyer, H., Eich, T., Beurskens, M., Coda, S., Hakola, A.H., Martin, P., Adamek, J., Agostini, M., Aguiam, D., Ahn, J., Aho-Mantila, L., Akers, R., Albanese, R., Aledda, R., Alessi, E., Allan, Jonathan S., da Costa Alves Machado, Simone, Ambrosino, R., Amicucci, L., Anand, H., Anastassiou, G., Andrèbe, Y., Angioni, C., Apruzzese, G., Ariola, M., Arnichand, H., Arter, W., Baciero, A., Barnes, M., Barrera Orte, L., Behn, R., Bencze, A., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Bettini, P., Bílková, P., Bin Najib, Waqas, Birkenmeier, G., Bizarro, J P S, Blanchard, P., Blanken, T., Bluteau, M., Bobkov, V., Bogar, O., Böhm, P., Bolzonella, T., Boncagni, L., Botrugno, A., Bottereau, C., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Bremond, S., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brochard, F., Buchanan, F.J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P, Cahyna, P., Calabro, G., Camenen, Y., Caniello, R., Cannas, B., Canton, A., Cardinali, A., Carnevale, D., Carr, Meghan, Carralero, D., Carvalho, P., Casali, L., Castaldo, C., Castejón, F., Castro, R., Causa, F., Cavazzana, R., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Ceccuzzi, S., Cesario, R., Challis, C.D., Chapman, I.T., Chapman, S.C., Chernyshova, M., Choi, D-Y., Cianfarani, C., Ciraolo, G., Citrin, J, Clairet, F., Classen, I., Coelho, R., Coenen, J.W., Colas, L., Conway, G., Corre, Y., Costea, S., Crisanti, F, Cruz, N., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., D’Arcangelo, O., De Angeli, M., De Masi, G., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Decker, J., Delogu, R.S., Dendy, R.O., Denner, P., Di Troia, C., Dimitrova, M., D’Inca, R., Dorić, V., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Dudson, B., Dunai, D., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Easy, L., Elmore, S., Erdös, B., Esposito, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fanni, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Ferreira, J., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fietz, S., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Fil, A., Fishpool, G., FitzGerald, Michael, Fontana, M., Ford, O., Frassinetti, L, Fridström, R., Frigione, D., Fuchert, G., Fuchs, C., Furno Palumbo, M., Futatani, S., Gabellieri, L., Gałązka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Gallo, Antonio, Galperti, C., Gao, Y., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia Lopez, J., García-Muñoz, M., Gardarein, J.-L., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gauthier, E., Geelen, P., Geiger, B., Ghendrih, P., Ghezzi, F., Giacomelli, L., Giannone, L., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Gleason González, C., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T.P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Gruber, M., Gude, A., Guimarais, L., Guirlet, R., Gunn, George J., Hacek, P., Hacquin, S., Hall, S., Ham, C., Happel, T., Harrison, J., Harting, D., Hauer, V., Havlícková, E., Hellsten, T., Helou, W., Henderson, S.S., Hennequin, P., Heyn, M., Hnat, B., Hölzl, M., Hogeweij, G.M.D., Honoré, Connie, Hopf, C., Horáček, J., Hornung, G., Horvath, L., Huang, Zhiwei, Huber, Andreas, Igitkhanov, J., Igochine, V., Imrisek, M., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacobsen, Asger Schou, Jacquet, P., Jakubowski, M., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jenko, F., Jensen, Thomas, Olsen, Jeppe Miki Busk, Jessen, Martin, Joffrin, E., Jones, O., Jónsson, T., Kallenbach, A., Kallinikos, N., Kalvin, S., Kappatou, A., Karhunen, J., Karpushov, A., Kasilov, S., Kasprowicz, G., Kendl, A., Kernbichler, W., Kim, D., Kirk, A., Kjer, S., Klimek, I., Kocsis, G., Kogut, D., Komm, M., Korsholm, Søren Bang, Koslowski, H R, Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Kovarik, K., Krawczyk, N., Krbec, J., Krieger, K., Krivska, A., Kube, R., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Labit, B., Laggner, F.M., Laguardia, L., Lahtinen, Annukka M, Lalousis, P., Lang, P.T., Lauber, P., Lazanyi, N., Lazaros, A., Le, H.B., Lebschy, A., Leddy, J., Lefèvre, Laure, Lehnen, M., Leipold, Frank, Lessig, A., Leyland, M., Li, L., Liang, Y., Lipschultz, B., Liu, Y.Q., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Loewenhoff, T., Lomanowski, B., Loschiavo, V.P., Lunt, T., Lupelli, I., Lux, H., Lyssoivan, A., Madsen, Jens, Maget, P., Maggi, C., Maggiora, R., Magnussen, Michael Løiten, Mailloux, J., Maljaars, B., Malygin, S.A., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Maraschek, M., Marchand, B., Marconato, N., Marini, C., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marrelli, L., Martin, Y., Martín-Solís, J. 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R., Wang, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weinzettl, V., Westerhof, E., Wiesenberger, M., Willensdorfer, M., Wischmeier, M., Wodniak, I., Wolfrum, E., Yadykin, D., Zagorski, R., Zammuto, I., Zanca, P., Zaplotnik, R., Zestanakis, P., Zhang, W., Zoletnik, S., Zuin, Matteo, Meyer, H., Eich, T., Beurskens, M., Coda, S., Hakola, A.H., Martin, P., Adamek, J., Agostini, M., Aguiam, D., Ahn, J., Aho-Mantila, L., Akers, R., Albanese, R., Aledda, R., Alessi, E., Allan, Jonathan S., da Costa Alves Machado, Simone, Ambrosino, R., Amicucci, L., Anand, H., Anastassiou, G., Andrèbe, Y., Angioni, C., Apruzzese, G., Ariola, M., Arnichand, H., Arter, W., Baciero, A., Barnes, M., Barrera Orte, L., Behn, R., Bencze, A., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Bettini, P., Bílková, P., Bin Najib, Waqas, Birkenmeier, G., Bizarro, J P S, Blanchard, P., Blanken, T., Bluteau, M., Bobkov, V., Bogar, O., Böhm, P., Bolzonella, T., Boncagni, L., Botrugno, A., Bottereau, C., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Bremond, S., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brochard, F., Buchanan, F.J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P, Cahyna, P., Calabro, G., Camenen, Y., Caniello, R., Cannas, B., Canton, A., Cardinali, A., Carnevale, D., Carr, Meghan, Carralero, D., Carvalho, P., Casali, L., Castaldo, C., Castejón, F., Castro, R., Causa, F., Cavazzana, R., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Ceccuzzi, S., Cesario, R., Challis, C.D., Chapman, I.T., Chapman, S.C., Chernyshova, M., Choi, D-Y., Cianfarani, C., Ciraolo, G., Citrin, J, Clairet, F., Classen, I., Coelho, R., Coenen, J.W., Colas, L., Conway, G., Corre, Y., Costea, S., Crisanti, F, Cruz, N., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., D’Arcangelo, O., De Angeli, M., De Masi, G., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Decker, J., Delogu, R.S., Dendy, R.O., Denner, P., Di Troia, C., Dimitrova, M., D’Inca, R., Dorić, V., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Dudson, B., Dunai, D., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Easy, L., Elmore, S., Erdös, B., Esposito, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fanni, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Ferreira, J., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fietz, S., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Fil, A., Fishpool, G., FitzGerald, Michael, Fontana, M., Ford, O., Frassinetti, L, Fridström, R., Frigione, D., Fuchert, G., Fuchs, C., Furno Palumbo, M., Futatani, S., Gabellieri, L., Gałązka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Gallo, Antonio, Galperti, C., Gao, Y., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia Lopez, J., García-Muñoz, M., Gardarein, J.-L., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gauthier, E., Geelen, P., Geiger, B., Ghendrih, P., Ghezzi, F., Giacomelli, L., Giannone, L., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Gleason González, C., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T.P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Gruber, M., Gude, A., Guimarais, L., Guirlet, R., Gunn, George J., Hacek, P., Hacquin, S., Hall, S., Ham, C., Happel, T., Harrison, J., Harting, D., Hauer, V., Havlícková, E., Hellsten, T., Helou, W., Henderson, S.S., Hennequin, P., Heyn, M., Hnat, B., Hölzl, M., Hogeweij, G.M.D., Honoré, Connie, Hopf, C., Horáček, J., Hornung, G., Horvath, L., Huang, Zhiwei, Huber, Andreas, Igitkhanov, J., Igochine, V., Imrisek, M., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacobsen, Asger Schou, Jacquet, P., Jakubowski, M., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jenko, F., Jensen, Thomas, Olsen, Jeppe Miki Busk, Jessen, Martin, Joffrin, E., Jones, O., Jónsson, T., Kallenbach, A., Kallinikos, N., Kalvin, S., Kappatou, A., Karhunen, J., Karpushov, A., Kasilov, S., Kasprowicz, G., Kendl, A., Kernbichler, W., Kim, D., Kirk, A., Kjer, S., Klimek, I., Kocsis, G., Kogut, D., Komm, M., Korsholm, Søren Bang, Koslowski, H R, Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Kovarik, K., Krawczyk, N., Krbec, J., Krieger, K., Krivska, A., Kube, R., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Labit, B., Laggner, F.M., Laguardia, L., Lahtinen, Annukka M, Lalousis, P., Lang, P.T., Lauber, P., Lazanyi, N., Lazaros, A., Le, H.B., Lebschy, A., Leddy, J., Lefèvre, Laure, Lehnen, M., Leipold, Frank, Lessig, A., Leyland, M., Li, L., Liang, Y., Lipschultz, B., Liu, Y.Q., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Loewenhoff, T., Lomanowski, B., Loschiavo, V.P., Lunt, T., Lupelli, I., Lux, H., Lyssoivan, A., Madsen, Jens, Maget, P., Maggi, C., Maggiora, R., Magnussen, Michael Løiten, Mailloux, J., Maljaars, B., Malygin, S.A., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Maraschek, M., Marchand, B., Marconato, N., Marini, C., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marrelli, L., Martin, Y., Martín-Solís, J. R., Martitsch, A., Mastrostefano, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G.F., Mavridis, M., Mayoral, M.-L., Mazon, D., McCarthy, P., McAdams, R., McArdle, G.J., McClements, K.G., McDermott, R., McMillan, B., Meisl, G., Merle, A., Meyer, O., Milanesio, D., Militello, F., Miron, I.G., Mitosinkova, K., Mlynar, J., Mlynek, A., Molina, Daniel R., Molina, Pablo, Monakhov, I., Morales, J.M., Moreau, Debra L., Morel, P., Moret, J.-M., Del Moro, A., Moulton, D., Müller, H.W., Nabais, F., Nardon, E., Naulin, Volker, Nemes-Czopf, A., Nespoli, F., Neu, R., Nielsen, Anders Henry, Nielsen, Stefan Kragh, Nikolaeva, V., Nimb, Søren Robert, Nocente, M., Nouailletas, R., Nowak, S., Oberkofler, M., Oberparleiter, M., Ochoukov, R., Odstrčil, T., Olsen, J., Omotani, J., O’Mullane, M.G., Orain, F., Osterman, N., Paccagnella, R., Pamela, S., Pangione, L., Panjan, M., Papp, G., Papřok, R., Parail, V., Parra, F.I., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pehkonen, S.-P., Pereira, A., Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Petrzilka, V., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Pironti, A., Pisano, F., Pisokas, T., Pitts, R., Ploumistakis, I., Plyusnin, V., Pokol, G., Poljak, D., Pölöskei, P., Popovic, Z., Pór, G., Porte, L., Potzel, S., Predebon, I., Preynas, M., Primc, G., Pucella, Gianluca, Puiatti, M.E., Pütterich, T., Rack, M., Ramogida, G., Rapson, C., Rasmussen, Jens Juul, Rasmussen, Jesper, Rattá, G.A., Ratynskaia, S., Ravera, G., Réfy, D., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reimold, F., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Resnik, M., Reux, C., Ripamonti, D., Rittich, D., Riva, G., Rodriguez-Ramos, M., Rohde, V., Rosato, J., Ryter, F., Saarelma, S., Sabot, R., Saint-Laurent, F., Salewski, Mirko, Salmi, A., Samaddar, D., Sanchis-Sanchez, L., Santos, J., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Scheffer, M., Schneider, M., Schneider, B., Schneider, P., Schneller, M., Schrittwieser, R., Schubert, M., Schweinzer, J., Seidl, J., Sertoli, M., Šesnić, S., Shabbir, A., Shalpegin, A., Shanahan, B., Sharapov, S., Sheikh, U., Sias, G., Sieglin, B., Silva, C., Silva, A., Silva Fuglister, M., Simpson, James J., Snicker, A., Sommariva, C., Sozzi, C, Spagnolo, S., Spizzo, G., Spolaore, M., Stange, T., Pedersen, Morten Stejner, Stepanov, I., Stober, J., Strand, P., Šušnjara, A., Suttrop, W., Szepesi, T., Tál, B., Tala, T., Tamain, P., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Teplukhina, A., Terranova, D., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tolias, P., Tophøj, Laust Emil Hjerrild, Treutterer, W., Trevisan, G.L., Tripsky, M., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C., Tudisco, O., Uccello, A., Urban, Jesper, Valisa, M., Vallejos, Paul, Valovic, M., van den Brand, H., Vanovac, B., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Vega-Castillo, Jesús, Verdoolaege, G., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Viezzer, E., Vignitchouk, L., Vijvers, W.A.J., Villone, F., Viola, B., Vlahos, L., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondráček, P., Vu, N.M.T., Wágner, D., Walkden, N. R., Wang, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weinzettl, V., Westerhof, E., Wiesenberger, M., Willensdorfer, M., Wischmeier, M., Wodniak, I., Wolfrum, E., Yadykin, D., Zagorski, R., Zammuto, I., Zanca, P., Zaplotnik, R., Zestanakis, P., Zhang, W., Zoletnik, S., and Zuin, Matteo

Abstract

Integrating the plasma core performance with an edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) that leads to tolerable heat and particle loads on the wall is a major challenge. The new European medium size tokamak task force (EU-MST) coordinates research on ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), MAST and TCV. This multi-machine approach within EU-MST, covering a wide parameter range, is instrumental to progress in the field, as ITER and DEMO core/pedestal and SOL parameters are not achievable simultaneously in present day devices. A two prong approach is adopted. On the one hand, scenarios with tolerable transient heat and particle loads, including active edge localised mode (ELM) control are developed. On the other hand, divertor solutions including advanced magnetic configurations are studied. Considerable progress has been made on both approaches, in particular in the fields of: ELM control with resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP), small ELM regimes, detachment onset and control, as well as filamentary scrape-off-layer transport. For example full ELM suppression has now been achieved on AUG at low collisionality with n = 2 RMP maintaining good confinement HH(98,y2)≈0.95 Advances have been made with respect to detachment onset and control. Studies in advanced divertor configurations (Snowflake, Super-X and X-point target divertor) shed new light on SOL physics. Cross field filamentary transport has been characterised in a wide parameter regime on AUG, MAST and TCV progressing the theoretical and experimental understanding crucial for predicting first wall loads in ITER and DEMO. Conditions in the SOL also play a crucial role for ELM stability and access to small ELM regimes.

Published
2017

29. Study of ancient metal samples from Valle delle Forme

Author

DI MARTINO, DANIELA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, PALEARI, ALBERTO MARIA FELICE, LORENZI, ROBERTO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Uda, I, Riccardi, M, Scherillo, A, DI MARTINO, D, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Uda, I, Riccardi, M, Paleari, A, Lorenzi, R, Scherillo, A, and Gorini, G

Subjects
Neutron, SEM, Raman, archaeometry, FIS/02 - FISICA TEORICA, MODELLI E METODI MATEMATICI, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, FIS/07 - FISICA APPLICATA (A BENI CULTURALI, AMBIENTALI, BIOLOGIA E MEDICINA)
Abstract

Valle delle Forme (Brescia, Northern Italy) is an archaeological site where ongoing excavations have given back a smelting plant of iron minerals, a forge for elaboration of semi-finished products, but also an “archaic” blast-furnace, and it could represent the “missing link” testifying the evolution from the bloomer to the blast furnacies techniques in iron production in northern Italy. A series of findings (iron based nails) have been studied combining different techniques. The nails, dating back to the 1300-1400 AD, present a heavily corroded surface. In order to infer indications on the inner part too, with the benefit of a non-destructive technique, we first performed a neutron based characterization concerning mineralogical phases, through a neutron diffraction study ran at ISIS. However, lacking in position sensitivity, we combined this study with Raman and SEM analyses too, in order to assign different mineralogical phases to different regions of the nail samples: yet, the inner part of the nails contains several different mineralogical phases, as it is evident from optical microscopy, and many indications can be derived about the production technology from the attribution of these mineralogical phases. Combining neutron, SEM and Raman analyses resulted in a twofold advantage. First of all, we could map the inner part of the nails as a function of the mineralogical phases. In addition, this mapping provided a sort of calibration for a better interpretation of the neutron diffraction patterns, used also for the nails that were not studied by SEM or Raman. This will be of benefit of further non destructive characterization in archaeometallurgy.

Published
2015

30. Evolution in boron-based GEM detectors for diffraction measurements : From planar to 3D converters

Author

Albani, Giorgia, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Schooneveld, Erik, Scherillo, Antonella, Hall-Wilton, Richard J., Kanaki, Kalliopi, Höglund, Carina, Hultman, Lars, Birch, Jens, Claps, Gerardo, Murtas, Fabrizio, Rebai, Marica, Tardocchi, Marco, Gorini, Giuseppe, Albani, Giorgia, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Schooneveld, Erik, Scherillo, Antonella, Hall-Wilton, Richard J., Kanaki, Kalliopi, Höglund, Carina, Hultman, Lars, Birch, Jens, Claps, Gerardo, Murtas, Fabrizio, Rebai, Marica, Tardocchi, Marco, and Gorini, Giuseppe

Abstract

The so-called '3He-crisis' has motivated the neutron detector community to undertake an intense R&D programme in order to develop technologies alternative to standard 3He tubes and suitable for neutron detection systems in future spallation sources such as the European spallation source (ESS). Boron-based GEM (gas electron multiplier) detectors are a promising '3He-free' technology for thermal neutron detection in neutron scattering experiments. In this paper the evolution of boron-based GEM detectors from planar to 3D converters with an application in diffraction measurements is presented. The use of 3D converters coupled with GEMs allows for an optimization of the detector performances. Three different detectors were used for diffraction measurements on the INES instrument at the ISIS spallation source. The performances of the GEM-detectors are compared with those of conventional 3He tubes installed on the INES instrument. The conceptual detector with the 3D converter used in this paper reached a count rate per unit area of about 25% relative to the currently installed 3He tube. Its timing resolution is similar and the signal-to-background ratio (S/B) is 2 times lower.

Published
2016
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31. Evolution in boron-based GEM detectors for diffraction measurements: From planar to 3D converters

Author

Albani, G, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Croci, G, Muraro, A, Schooneveld, E, Scherillo, A, Hall Wilton, R, Kanaki, K, Höglund, C, Hultman, L, Birch, J, Claps, G, Murtas, F, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, ALBANI, GIORGIA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, CROCI, GABRIELE, MURARO, ANDREA, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Albani, G, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Croci, G, Muraro, A, Schooneveld, E, Scherillo, A, Hall Wilton, R, Kanaki, K, Höglund, C, Hultman, L, Birch, J, Claps, G, Murtas, F, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, ALBANI, GIORGIA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, CROCI, GABRIELE, MURARO, ANDREA, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE

Abstract

The so-called '3He-crisis' has motivated the neutron detector community to undertake an intense R&D programme in order to develop technologies alternative to standard 3He tubes and suitable for neutron detection systems in future spallation sources such as the European spallation source (ESS). Boron-based GEM (gas electron multiplier) detectors are a promising '3He-free' technology for thermal neutron detection in neutron scattering experiments. In this paper the evolution of boron-based GEM detectors from planar to 3D converters with an application in diffraction measurements is presented. The use of 3D converters coupled with GEMs allows for an optimization of the detector performances. Three different detectors were used for diffraction measurements on the INES instrument at the ISIS spallation source. The performances of the GEM-detectors are compared with those of conventional 3He tubes installed on the INES instrument. The conceptual detector with the 3D converter used in this paper reached a count rate per unit area of about 25% relative to the currently installed 3He tube. Its timing resolution is similar and the signal-to-background ratio (S/B) is 2 times lower.

Published
2016

32. Performance of the full size nGEM detector for the SPIDER experiment

Author

Muraro, A, Croci, G, Albani, G, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Cazzaniga, C, Dalla Palma, M, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Tollin, M, Gorini, G, MURARO, ANDREA, CROCI, GABRIELE, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Muraro, A, Croci, G, Albani, G, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Cazzaniga, C, Dalla Palma, M, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Tollin, M, Gorini, G, MURARO, ANDREA, CROCI, GABRIELE, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE

Abstract

The ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Padova will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 kV negative H/D RF beam source, and MITICA, a full scale, 1 MeV deuterium beam injector. SPIDER will start operations in 2016 while MITICA is expected to start during 2019. Both devices feature a beam dump used to stop the produced deuteron beam. Detection of fusion neutrons produced between beam-deuterons and dump-implanted deuterons will be used as a means to resolve the horizontal beam intensity profile. The neutron detection system will be placed right behind the beam dump, as close to the neutron emitting surface as possible thus providing the map of the neutron emission on the beam dump surface. The system uses nGEM neutron detectors. These are Gas Electron Multiplier detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. The cathode is designed to ensure that most of the detected neutrons at a point of the nGEM surface are emitted from the corresponding beamlet footprint (with dimensions of about 40×22 mm2) on the dump front surface. The size of the nGEM detector for SPIDER is 352 mm×200 mm. Several smaller size prototypes have been successfully made in the last years and the experience gained on these detectors has led to the production of the full size detector for SPIDER during 2014. This nGEM has a read-out board made of 256 pads (arranged in a 16×16 matrix) each with a dimension of 22 mm×13 mm. This paper describes the production of this detector and its tests (in terms of beam profile reconstruction capability, uniformity over the active area, gamma rejection capability and time stability) performed on the ROTAX beam-line at the ISIS spallation source (Didcot-UK).

Published
2016

33. Evolution in boron-based GEM detectors for diffraction measurements: from planar to 3D converters

Author

Albani, Giorgia, primary, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Schooneveld, Erik, additional, Scherillo, Antonella, additional, Hall-Wilton, Richard, additional, Kanaki, Kalliopi, additional, Höglund, Carina, additional, Hultman, Lars, additional, Birch, Jens, additional, Claps, Gerardo, additional, Murtas, Fabrizio, additional, Rebai, Marica, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2016
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35. Study of ancient metal samples from Valle delle Forme

Author

DI MARTINO, D, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Uda, I, Riccardi, M, Paleari, A, Lorenzi, R, Scherillo, A, Gorini, G, DI MARTINO, DANIELA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, PALEARI, ALBERTO MARIA FELICE, LORENZI, ROBERTO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, DI MARTINO, D, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Uda, I, Riccardi, M, Paleari, A, Lorenzi, R, Scherillo, A, Gorini, G, DI MARTINO, DANIELA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, PALEARI, ALBERTO MARIA FELICE, LORENZI, ROBERTO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE

Abstract

Valle delle Forme (Brescia, Northern Italy) is an archaeological site where ongoing excavations have given back a smelting plant of iron minerals, a forge for elaboration of semi-finished products, but also an “archaic” blast-furnace, and it could represent the “missing link” testifying the evolution from the bloomer to the blast furnacies techniques in iron production in northern Italy. A series of findings (iron based nails) have been studied combining different techniques. The nails, dating back to the 1300-1400 AD, present a heavily corroded surface. In order to infer indications on the inner part too, with the benefit of a non-destructive technique, we first performed a neutron based characterization concerning mineralogical phases, through a neutron diffraction study ran at ISIS. However, lacking in position sensitivity, we combined this study with Raman and SEM analyses too, in order to assign different mineralogical phases to different regions of the nail samples: yet, the inner part of the nails contains several different mineralogical phases, as it is evident from optical microscopy, and many indications can be derived about the production technology from the attribution of these mineralogical phases. Combining neutron, SEM and Raman analyses resulted in a twofold advantage. First of all, we could map the inner part of the nails as a function of the mineralogical phases. In addition, this mapping provided a sort of calibration for a better interpretation of the neutron diffraction patterns, used also for the nails that were not studied by SEM or Raman. This will be of benefit of further non destructive characterization in archaeometallurgy.

Published
2015

36. Performance of a medium-size area nGEM detector for neutron beam diagnostics

Author

Croci, G, Cazzaniga, C, Albani, G, Muraro, A, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, ALBANI, GIORGIA, MURARO, ANDREA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Croci, G, Cazzaniga, C, Albani, G, Muraro, A, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, ALBANI, GIORGIA, MURARO, ANDREA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE

Abstract

Fast neutron detectors with a sub-centimetric space resolution are required in order to qualify neutron beams in applications related to magnetically-controlled nuclear fusion plasmas and to spallation sources. Based on the results obtained with small area prototypes, the first medium-size (20 × 35.2 cm2 active area) nGEM detector has been realized for both the CNESM diagnostic system of the SPIDER NBI prototype for ITER and as a beam monitor for fast neutrons beam lines at spallation sources, too. The nGEM is a Triple GEM gaseous detector equipped with polyethylene layers used to convert fast neutrons into recoil protons through the elastic scattering process. This paper describes the performance of the medium-size nGEM detector tested at the VESUVIO beam line of the ISIS spallation source. Being this detector the actual largest area fast neutron detector based on the GEM technology, particular attention was paid in the study of detector response in different points over the active area. Measurements of GEM counting rate (both as a function of VGEM and of time) and of the capability of the detector to reconstruct the beam in different positions are presented. This detector serves as a basis for the realization of an even larger area detector that will be used in the MITICA NBI prototype for ITER that represents the evolution of SPIDER.

Published
2015

37. Neutron beam imaging with GEM detectors

Author

Albani, G, Croci, G, Cazzaniga, C, Cavenago, M, Claps, G, Muraro, A, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, MURARO, ANDREA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Albani, G, Croci, G, Cazzaniga, C, Cavenago, M, Claps, G, Muraro, A, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, MURARO, ANDREA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE

Published
2015

38. Progress on the CNESM system for diagnosing high power deuterium beams of the ITER NBI prototype

Author

GORINI Giuseppe, CROCI Gabriele, GROSSO Giovanni, MURTAS Fabrizio, MURARO Andrea, PASQUALOTTO Roberto, PERELLI CIPPO Enrico, TARDOCCHI Marco, TOLLIN Marco, CAVENAGO Marco, CAZZANIGA Carlo, CLAPS Gerardo, REBAI Marica, and DALLA PALMA Mauro

Abstract

The ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Padova will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 kV negative hydrogen/deuterium RF source, and MITICA, a full scale, 1 MeV deuterium beam injector. A number of diagnostics will be deployed in the two facilities to qualify the beams [1]. This paper reports the progresses achieved on the realization of a neutron diagnostic for SPIDER, that represents a first step towards the application of this diagnostic technique to MITICA. The proposed detection system is called CNESM which stands for Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping. The CNESM diagnostic is placed right behind the SPIDER beam dump, as close to the neutron emitting surface as possible and aims at providing the map of the neutron emission on the beam dump surface. The CNESM uses nGEM as neutron detectors [2]. These are Gas Electron Multiplier equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. The cathode is at about 30 mm from the beam dump front surface. It is designed to ensure that most of the detected neutrons at a point of the nGEM surface are emitted from the corresponding 40x22 mm2 beamlet footprint on the dump front surface. The 256 nGEM readout pads (area 12x22 mm2) will record a useful count rate of ?5 kHz providing a time resolution of better than 1 s. Each nGEM detector maps the neutron emission from a group of 5x16 beamlets: 16 nGEM would be needed to cover the entire beam dump. The CNESM was designed on the basis of simulations of the different steps from the deuteron beam interaction with the beam dump to the neutron detection in the nGEM in order to be capable to detect a 10% change in the neutron emission from individual beamlets. The main information output from the CNESM diagnostic is the map of the deuterium beamlets intensity, derived from the neutron emission map with a suitable unfolding algorithm. This information is unique and can be used to diagnose any malfunction of individual beamlets or groups of beamlets. Several small area nGEM prototypes (100 cm2) equipped with cathodes with different features have been built and tested in recent years at neutron sources (such as ISIS in the UK and FNG in Italy) in order to measure the neutron detection efficiency, directionality and gamma background levels [2-5]. Based on the small area prototype results, a first full size prototype for SPIDER with optimized geometrical parameters have been built in 2013. This detector represents the largest area neutron detector based on the GEM technology ever realized. After a first calibration using laboratory measurements, the full size prototype was successfully tested on the ISIS neutron beam where its neutron efficiency map over all the area was measured. The detector operated in the configuration that will be used in SPIDER for one week continuously without showing any issue. Further measurements will be performed in order to complete the characterization and a second prototype will be built in the next year. This work was set up in collaboration and financial support of F4E and of INFN Group 5 (Technology Research). [1] R. Pasqualotto et Al, Review of Scientific Instruments, 83, 02B103 (2012) [2] G. Croci et Al, JINST 7 C03010

Published
2013

39. Diffraction measurements with a boron-based GEM neutron detector

Author

Croci, G, Albani, G, Cazzaniga, C, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Schooneveld, E, Claps, G, Cremona, A, Grosso, G, Muraro, A, Murtas, F, Rebai, M, Scherillo, A, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, CROCI, GABRIELE, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, MURARO, ANDREA, Croci, G, Albani, G, Cazzaniga, C, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Schooneveld, E, Claps, G, Cremona, A, Grosso, G, Muraro, A, Murtas, F, Rebai, M, Scherillo, A, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, CROCI, GABRIELE, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, and MURARO, ANDREA

Abstract

The research of reliable substitutes of 3He detectors is an important task for the affordability of new neutron scattering instrumentation for future spallation sources like the European Spallation Source. GEM (Gas Electron Multiplier)-based detectors represent a valid alternative since they can combine high-rate capability, coverage of up to 1 m2 area and good intrinsic spatial resolution (for this detector class it can be better than 0.5mm). The first neutron diffraction measurements performed using a borated GEM detector are reported. The detector has an active area of 10 × 5 cm2 and is equipped with a borated cathode. The GEM detector was read out using the standard ISIS Data Acquisition System. The comparison with measurements performed with standard 3He detectors shows that the broadening of the peaks measured on the diffractogram obtained with the GEM is 20–30% wider than the one obtained by 3He tubes but the active area of the GEM is twice that of 3He tubes. The GEM resolution is improved if half of its active area is considered. The signal-to-background ratio of the GEM is about 1.5 to 2 times lower than that of 3He. This measurement proves that GEM detectors can be used for neutron diffraction measurements and paves the way for their use at future neutron spallation sources.

Published
2014

40. Prompt gamma activation studies on archaeological objects at a pulsed neutron source

Author

GORINI, GIUSEPPE, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, Kasztovsky, Z, Kockelmann, W, Tardocchi, M., Gorini, G, Kasztovsky, Z, Kockelmann, W, PERELLI CIPPO, E, and Tardocchi, M

Subjects
FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, prompt gamma activation, archaeological objects
Abstract

The potential of Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) for non-destructive quantitative investigation of archaeological objects at a pulsed neutron spallation source was studied. Experiments were performed on the ROTAX time-of-flight diffractometer of the ISIS neutron source on a chalcolithic copper axe, a limestone sample from the ancient Quarry of Masarah (Egypt), a Roman bronze fibula and two fragments of glass from the Roman Villa Adriana. For reference and comparison, measurements were also performed at the PGAA station of the Budapest research reactor. It is found that the performance of a PGAA analysis at a pulsed source, with a make-shift set-up on an instrument designed for diffraction studies, cannot match the achievable results at a dedicated PGAA facility at a reactor source. However, the possibility of performing different investigations, e.g., neutron diffraction for structure analysis and PGAA for elemental analysis, at a single facility on one and the same object remains attractive and offers useful applications in the field of cultural heritage.

Published
2008

41. Diffraction measurements with a boron-based GEM neutron detector

Author

Croci, Gabriele, primary, Albani, Giorgia, additional, Cazzaniga, Carlo, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Schooneveld, Erik, additional, Claps, Gerardo, additional, Cremona, Anna, additional, Grosso, Giovanni, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Murtas, Fabrizio, additional, Rebai, Marica, additional, Scherillo, Antonella, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2014
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42. A new GEM based neutron diagnostic concept for high flux neutron beams

Author

Croci, G, Rebai, M, Dalla Palma, M, Gervasini, G, Ghezzi, F, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Claps, G, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Nocente, M, Tardocchi, M, Tollin, M, Cavenago, M, Gorini, G, CROCI, GABRIELE, REBAI, MARICA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, NOCENTE, MASSIMO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Croci, G, Rebai, M, Dalla Palma, M, Gervasini, G, Ghezzi, F, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Claps, G, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Nocente, M, Tardocchi, M, Tollin, M, Cavenago, M, Gorini, G, CROCI, GABRIELE, REBAI, MARICA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, NOCENTE, MASSIMO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE

Abstract

Fusion-fission hybrid reactors will need high flux neutron detectors to diagnose the deuterium-tritium fusion plasmas as well as the fission reactions. A candidate detection technique is the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM). New GEM based detectors are being developed for application to a neutral deuterium beam test facility. The proposed detection system is called Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping (CNESM). The diagnostic aims at providing the map of the neutron emission due to interaction of the deterium beam with the deuterons implanted in the beam dump surface. This is done by placing a detector in close contact, right behind the dump. CNESM uses nGEM detectors, i.e. GEM detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. A small size prototype of nGEM detector has been built and is ready to be tested

Published
2012

43. A neutron diagnostic for high current deuterium beams

Author

Rebai, M, Cavenago, M, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, Gervasini, G, Ghezzi, F, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Tardocchi, M, Tollin, M, Gorini, G, REBAI, MARICA, CROCI, GABRIELE, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Rebai, M, Cavenago, M, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, Gervasini, G, Ghezzi, F, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Tardocchi, M, Tollin, M, Gorini, G, REBAI, MARICA, CROCI, GABRIELE, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE

Abstract

A neutron diagnostic for high current deuterium beams is proposed for installation on the spectral shear interferometry for direct electric field reconstruction (SPIDER, Source for Production of Ion of Deuterium Extracted from RF plasma) test beam facility. The proposed detection system is called Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping (CNESM). The diagnostic aims at providing the map of the neutron emission on the beam dump surface by placing a detector in close contact, right behind the dump. CNESM uses gas electron multiplier detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. The cathode is made of a thin polythene film and an aluminium film; it is designed for detection of neutrons of energy >2.2 MeV with an incidence angle < 45°. CNESM was designed on the basis of simulations of the different steps from the deuteron beam interaction with the beam dump to the neutron detection in the nGEM. Neutron scattering was simulated with the MCNPX code. CNESM on SPIDER is a first step towards the application of this diagnostic technique to the MITICA beam test facility, where it will be used to resolve the horizontal profile of the beam intensity.

Published
2012

44. Prompt gamma activation studies on archaeological objects at a pulsed neutron source

Author

Gorini, G, Kasztovsky, Z, Kockelmann, W, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Tardocchi, M, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, Tardocchi, M., Gorini, G, Kasztovsky, Z, Kockelmann, W, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Tardocchi, M, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, and Tardocchi, M.

Abstract

The potential of Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) for non-destructive quantitative investigation of archaeological objects at a pulsed neutron spallation source was studied. Experiments were performed on the ROTAX time-of-flight diffractometer of the ISIS neutron source on a chalcolithic copper axe, a limestone sample from the ancient Quarry of Masarah (Egypt), a Roman bronze fibula and two fragments of glass from the Roman Villa Adriana. For reference and comparison, measurements were also performed at the PGAA station of the Budapest research reactor. It is found that the performance of a PGAA analysis at a pulsed source, with a make-shift set-up on an instrument designed for diffraction studies, cannot match the achievable results at a dedicated PGAA facility at a reactor source. However, the possibility of performing different investigations, e.g., neutron diffraction for structure analysis and PGAA for elemental analysis, at a single facility on one and the same object remains attractive and offers useful applications in the field of cultural heritage.

Published
2008

47. Neutron radiography as a tool for assessing penetration depth and distribution of a phosphate consolidant for limestone

Author

Claudia Conti, Gabriela Graziani, Marco Realini, Chiara Colombo, Enrico Sassoni, Enrico Perelli Cippo, Elena Possenti, Graziani, Gabriela, Colombo, Chiara, Conti, Claudia, Possenti, Elena, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Realini, Marco, and Sassoni, Enrico

Subjects
Materials science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Non-destructive testing, 02 engineering and technology, Mineralogical composition, Hydroxyapatite, chemistry.chemical_compound, Inorganic consolidant, Nondestructive testing, Penetration depth, 021105 building & construction, General Materials Science, Porosity, Inorganic consolidants, Civil and Structural Engineering, Alternative methods, business.industry, Neutron imaging, Metallurgy, technology, industry, and agriculture, Building and Construction, Poultice, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Phosphate, Limestone, FT-IR, Calcium phosphate, chemistry, Calcium phosphates, SEM, 0210 nano-technology, business, Consolidation
Abstract

Neutron radiography was used to determine the penetration depth and the homogeneity of distribution of an innovative inorganic consolidant, based on formation of hydroxyapatite. The consolidant was applied to a porous limestone by three alternative methods (brushing, poultice, partial immersion). Neutron radiography was complemented by XRD, FT-IR and SEM/EDS, which provide information also on mineralogical composition and morphology of the new phases. Neutron radiography proved to be a powerful tool to determine the presence of hydrogen-rich hydroxyapatite and to evaluate the homogeneity of its distribution in the substrate. Nonetheless, combination with other techniques is necessary to reliably assess its penetration depth.

Published
2018

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