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1. Perspectives for plant biology in space and analogue environments

Author

European Space Agency, De Micco, Veronica [0000-0002-4282-9525], Aronne, Giovanna [0000-0002-4800-7901], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Horemans, Nele [0000-0002-6241-0342], Legué, V. [0000-0001-6626-5149], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Schiefloe, Mona [0000-0002-6020-4481], De Francesco, Sara [0000-0001-8280-4237], Izzo, Luigi Gennaro [0000-0001-5722-2497], De Micco, Veronica, Aronne, Giovanna, Caplin, Nicol, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Herranz, Raúl, Horemans, Nele, Legué, V., Medina, F. Javier, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Schiefloe, Mona, De Francesco, Sara, Izzo, Luigi Gennaro, Le Disquet, Isabel, Kittang, Ann Iren, European Space Agency, De Micco, Veronica [0000-0002-4282-9525], Aronne, Giovanna [0000-0002-4800-7901], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Horemans, Nele [0000-0002-6241-0342], Legué, V. [0000-0001-6626-5149], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Schiefloe, Mona [0000-0002-6020-4481], De Francesco, Sara [0000-0001-8280-4237], Izzo, Luigi Gennaro [0000-0001-5722-2497], De Micco, Veronica, Aronne, Giovanna, Caplin, Nicol, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Herranz, Raúl, Horemans, Nele, Legué, V., Medina, F. Javier, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Schiefloe, Mona, De Francesco, Sara, Izzo, Luigi Gennaro, Le Disquet, Isabel, and Kittang, Ann Iren

Abstract

Advancements in plant space biology are required for the realization of human space exploration missions, where the re-supply of resources from Earth is not feasible. Until a few decades ago, space life science was focused on the impact of the space environment on the human body. More recently, the interest in plant space biology has increased because plants are key organisms in Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSS) for the regeneration of resources and fresh food production. Moreover, plants play an important role in psychological support for astronauts. The definition of cultivation requirements for the design, realization, and successful operation of BLSS must consider the effects of space factors on plants. Altered gravitational fields and radiation exposure are the main space factors inducing changes in gene expression, cell proliferation and differentiation, signalling and physiological processes with possible consequences on tissue organization and organogenesis, thus on the whole plant functioning. Interestingly, the changes at the cellular and molecular levels do not always result in organismic or developmental changes. This apparent paradox is a current research challenge. In this paper, the main findings of gravity- and radiation-related research on higher plants are summarized, highlighting the knowledge gaps that are still necessary to fill. Existing experimental facilities to simulate the effect of space factors, as well as requirements for future facilities for possible experiments to achieve fundamental biology goals are considered. Finally, the need for making synergies among disciplines and for establishing global standard operating procedures for analyses and data collection in space experiments is highlighted.

Published
2023

2. Light signals counteract alterations caused by simulated microgravity in proliferating plant cells

Author

Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Sáez-Vásquez, J. [0000-0002-2717-7995], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Manzano, Aranzazu, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, De Bures, Anne, Sáez-Vásquez, J., Herranz, Raúl, Medina, F. Javier, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Sáez-Vásquez, J. [0000-0002-2717-7995], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Manzano, Aranzazu, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, De Bures, Anne, Sáez-Vásquez, J., Herranz, Raúl, and Medina, F. Javier

Abstract

Premise: Light and gravity are fundamental cues for plant development. Our understanding of the effects of light stimuli on plants in space, without gravity, is key to providing conditions for plants to acclimate to the environment. Here we tested the hypothesis that the alterations caused by the absence of gravity in root meristematic cells can be counteracted by light., Methods: Seedlings of wild‐type Arabidopsis thaliana and two mutants of the essential nucleolar protein nucleolin (nuc1, nuc2) were grown in simulated microgravity,either under a white light photoperiod or under continuous darkness. Key variables of cell proliferation (cell cycle regulation), cell growth (ribosome biogenesis),and auxin transport were measured in the root meristem using in situ cellular markers and transcriptomic methods and compared with those of a 1 g control., Results: The incorporation of a photoperiod regime was sufficient to attenuate or suppress the effects caused by gravitational stress at the cellular level in the root meristem. In all cases, values for variables recorded from samples receiving light stimuli in simulated microgravity were closer to values from the controls than values from samples grown in darkness. Differential sensitivities were obtained for the two nucleolin mutants., Conclusions: Light signals may totally or partially replace gravity signals, significantly improving plant growth and development in microgravity. Despite that, molecular alterations are still compatible with the expected acclimation mechanisms, which need to be better understood. The differential sensitivity of nuc1 and nuc2 mutants to gravitational stress points to new strategies to produce more resilient plants to travel with humans in new extraterrestrial endeavors.

Published
2021

3. Exploration of plant growth and development using the European Modular Cultivation System facility on the International Space Station

Author

Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Norwegian Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Space Agency, Mazars, Christian [0000-0002-0670-6042], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie [0000-0001-9914-1740], Legué, V. [0000-0001-6626-5149], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Kittang, Ann Iren, Iversen, Tor Henning, Fossum, K. R., Mazars, Christian, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie, Le-Disquet, Isabel, Legué, V., Herranz, Raúl, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Medina, F. Javier, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Norwegian Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Space Agency, Mazars, Christian [0000-0002-0670-6042], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie [0000-0001-9914-1740], Legué, V. [0000-0001-6626-5149], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Kittang, Ann Iren, Iversen, Tor Henning, Fossum, K. R., Mazars, Christian, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie, Le-Disquet, Isabel, Legué, V., Herranz, Raúl, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, and Medina, F. Javier

Abstract

Space experiments provide a unique opportunity to advance our knowledge of how plants respond to the space environment, and specifically to the absence of gravity. The European Modular Cultivation System (EMCS) has been designed as a dedicated facility to improve and standardise plant growth in the International Space Station (ISS). The EMCS is equipped with two centrifuges to perform experiments in microgravity and with variable gravity levels up to 2.0 g. Seven experiments have been performed since the EMCS was operational on the ISS. The objectives of these experiments aimed to elucidate phototropic responses (experiments TROPI-1 and -2), root gravitropic sensing (GRAVI-1), circumnutation (MULTIGEN-1), cell wall dynamics and gravity resistance (Cell wall/Resist wall), proteomic identification of signalling players (GENARA-A) and mechanism of InsP3 signalling (Plant signalling). The role of light in cell proliferation and plant development in the absence of gravity is being analysed in an on-going experiment (Seedling growth). Based on the lessons learned from the acquired experience, three preselected ISS experiments have been merged and implemented as a single project (Plant development) to study early phases of seedling development. A Topical Team initiated by European Space Agency (ESA), involving experienced scientists on Arabidopsis space research experiments, aims at establishing a coordinated, long-term scientific strategy to understand the role of gravity in Arabidopsis growth and development using already existing or planned new hardware.

Published
2014

4. Microsome-associated proteome modifications of Arabidopsis seedlings grown on board the International Space Station reveal the possible effect on plants of space stresses other than microgravity

Author

European Space Agency, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Mazars, Christian [0000-0002-0670-6042], Pichereaux, Carole [0000-0002-7559-5358], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie [0000-0001-9914-1740], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Mazars, Christian, Brière, Christian, Grat, Sabine, Pichereaux, Carole, Rossignol, Michel, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Eche, Brigitte, Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie, Le-Disquet, Isabel, Medina, F. Javier, Graziana, Annick, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, European Space Agency, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Mazars, Christian [0000-0002-0670-6042], Pichereaux, Carole [0000-0002-7559-5358], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie [0000-0001-9914-1740], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Mazars, Christian, Brière, Christian, Grat, Sabine, Pichereaux, Carole, Rossignol, Michel, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Eche, Brigitte, Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie, Le-Disquet, Isabel, Medina, F. Javier, Graziana, Annick, and Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie

Abstract

Growing plants in space for using them in bioregenerative life support systems during long-term human spaceflights needs improvement of our knowledge in how plants can adapt to space growth conditions. In a previous study performed on board the International Space Station (GENARA A experiment STS-132) we evaluate the global changes that microgravity can exert on the membrane proteome of Arabidopsis seedlings. Here we report additional data from this space experiment, taking advantage of the availability in the EMCS of a centrifuge to evaluate the effects of cues other than microgravity on the relative distribution of membrane proteins. Among the 1484 membrane proteins quantified, 227 proteins displayed no abundance differences between µ g and 1 g in space, while their abundances significantly differed between 1 g in space and 1 g on ground. A majority of these proteins (176) were over-represented in space samples and mainly belong to families corresponding to protein synthesis, degradation, transport, lipid metabolism, or ribosomal proteins. In the remaining set of 51 proteins that were under-represented in membranes, aquaporins and chloroplastic proteins are majority. These sets of proteins clearly appear as indicators of plant physiological processes affected in space by stressful factors others than microgravity.

Published
2014

5. Light signals counteract alterations caused by simulated microgravity in proliferating plant cells

Author

Raúl Herranz, F. Javier Medina, Veronica Pereda-Loth, Aránzazu Manzano, Julio Sáez-Vásquez, Anne de Bures, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Groupement scientifique de Biologie et de Medecine Spatiale (GSBMS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Laboratoire Génome et développement des plantes (LGDP), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Manzano, Aranzazu, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Sáez-Vásquez, J., Herranz, Raúl, Medina, F. Javier, Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Sáez-Vásquez, J. [0000-0002-2717-7995], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], and Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, abiotic stress, Meristem, Arabidopsis, ribosome biogenesis, Plant Science, Cell cycle, space plant biology, Biology, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, nucleolin, Auxin, Plant Cells, Genetics, Arabidopsis thaliana, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Nucleolin, chemistry.chemical_classification, photoperiodism, 0303 health sciences, Space plant biology, Weightlessness, Cell growth, fungi, auxin transport, Auxin transport, food and beverages, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Space Flight, 15. Life on land, Abiotic stress, Plant cell, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, chemistry, Seedlings, Ribosome biogenesis, root meristem, Darkness, cell cycle, Graviresponse, Root meristem, graviresponse, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

18 p.-9 fig., Premise: Light and gravity are fundamental cues for plant development. Our understanding of the effects of light stimuli on plants in space, without gravity, is key to providing conditions for plants to acclimate to the environment. Here we tested the hypothesis that the alterations caused by the absence of gravity in root meristematic cells can be counteracted by light., Methods: Seedlings of wild‐type Arabidopsis thaliana and two mutants of the essential nucleolar protein nucleolin (nuc1, nuc2) were grown in simulated microgravity,either under a white light photoperiod or under continuous darkness. Key variables of cell proliferation (cell cycle regulation), cell growth (ribosome biogenesis),and auxin transport were measured in the root meristem using in situ cellular markers and transcriptomic methods and compared with those of a 1 g control., Results: The incorporation of a photoperiod regime was sufficient to attenuate or suppress the effects caused by gravitational stress at the cellular level in the root meristem. In all cases, values for variables recorded from samples receiving light stimuli in simulated microgravity were closer to values from the controls than values from samples grown in darkness. Differential sensitivities were obtained for the two nucleolin mutants., Conclusions: Light signals may totally or partially replace gravity signals, significantly improving plant growth and development in microgravity. Despite that, molecular alterations are still compatible with the expected acclimation mechanisms, which need to be better understood. The differential sensitivity of nuc1 and nuc2 mutants to gravitational stress points to new strategies to produce more resilient plants to travel with humans in new extraterrestrial endeavors., This work was funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación of the Spanish Ministry of Science an Innovation, Grants#ESP2015‐64323‐R and #RTI2018‐099309‐B‐I00 (co‐funded by EU‐ERDF) to F.J.M., and Bonus Recherche from the UPVD to J.S.V. The use of the facilities of microgravity simulation was provided by the ESA‐CORA‐Ground Based Facilities Program, contract Ref. #4000105761 to F.J.M. and R.H. A.M. was recipient of a contract of the Program for Young Researchers Training of the Agencia Estatal de Investigación of the Spanish Ministry of Science an Innovation Ref. #BES‐2013‐063933.

Published
2021

6. Exploration of plant growth and development using the European Modular Cultivation System facility on the International Space Station

Author

Raúl Herranz, Veronica Pereda-Loth, Eugénie Carnero-Diaz, Francisco Javier Medina, Ann-Iren Kittang, Valérie Legué, Knut Robert Fossum, I. Le Disquet, Elodie Boucheron-Dubuisson, Tor-Henning Iversen, Christian Mazars, Centre for Interdisciplirary Research in Space (CIRIS), NTNU Samfunnsforskning AS / NTNU Social Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), National Centre of Biotechnology (CNB), Groupement scientifique de Biologie et de Medecine Spatiale (GSBMS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), French Space Agency (CNES), Norwegian Research Council, Spanish National Plan for Research, Development and Innovation, ELIPS Programme of the European Space Agency (ESA), ESA, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, GSBMS-AMIS, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Space Agency, Mazars, Christian, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie, Legué, Valérie, Herranz, Raúl, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Medina, F. Javier, Mazars, Christian [0000-0002-0670-6042], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie [0000-0001-9914-1740], Legué, Valérie [0000-0001-6626-5149], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], and Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710]

Subjects
space operation, Arabidopsis thaliana, proliferation, Plant gravitropism, Arabidopsis, phototropism, Plant Development, European space agency topical team, Plant Science, arabidopsis-thaliana, European modular cultivation system, Biology, stimulation, Development (topology), Botany, International Space Station, Cultivation System, hardware, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Spacecraft, Space research, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, European Space Agency Topical Team, plant gravitropism, business.industry, International space station, General Medicine, Equipment Design, Modular design, microgravity, European Modular Cultivation System, gravitropism, gravity, Europe, Space operation, spaceflight experiment, Circumnutation, International, Systems engineering, Microgravity, Space Station, business, tropisms, Space environment
Abstract

11 p.-8 fig.-3 tab., Space experiments provide a unique opportunity to advance our knowledge of how plants respond to the space environment, and specifically to the absence of gravity. The European Modular Cultivation System (EMCS) has been designed as a dedicated facility to improve and standardise plant growth in the International Space Station (ISS). The EMCS is equipped with two centrifuges to perform experiments in microgravity and with variable gravity levels up to 2.0 g. Seven experiments have been performed since the EMCS was operational on the ISS. The objectives of these experiments aimed to elucidate phototropic responses (experiments TROPI-1 and -2), root gravitropic sensing (GRAVI-1), circumnutation (MULTIGEN-1), cell wall dynamics and gravity resistance (Cell wall/Resist wall), proteomic identification of signalling players (GENARA-A) and mechanism of InsP3 signalling (Plant signalling). The role of light in cell proliferation and plant development in the absence of gravity is being analysed in an on-going experiment (Seedling growth). Based on the lessons learned from the acquired experience, three preselected ISS experiments have been merged and implemented as a single project (Plant development) to study early phases of seedling development. A Topical Team initiated by European Space Agency (ESA), involving experienced scientists on Arabidopsis space research experiments, aims at establishing a coordinated, long-term scientific strategy to understand the role of gravity in Arabidopsis growth and development using already existing or planned new hardware., Experimental work reported in this paper and performed in the authors’ laboratories was supported by the French Space Agency (CNES), the Norwegian Research Council, the Spanish National Plan for Research, Development and Innovation (different grants) and the ELIPS Programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). Specifically, the activities related to the ‘Arabidopsis Topical team’ were supported by an ESA grant.

Published
2014

7. Microsome-associated proteome modifications ofArabidopsisseedlings grown on board the International Space Station reveal the possible effect on plants of space stresses other than microgravity

Author

Carole Pichereaux, Annick Graziana, Eugénie Carnero-Diaz, Brigitte Eche, Veronica Pereda-Loth, Michel Rossignol, Sabine Grat, Francisco Javier Medina, Christian Brière, Christian Mazars, Elodie Boucheron-Dubuisson, Isabel Le Disquet, European Space Agency, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Mazars, Christian, Pichereaux, Carole, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie, Medina, F. Javier, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Signalisation Calcique et Immunité Végétale, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Plateforme protéomique, Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Groupement scientifique de Biologie et de Medecine Spatiale (GSBMS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mazars, Christian [0000-0002-0670-6042], Pichereaux, Carole [0000-0002-7559-5358], Pereda-Loth, Veronica [0000-0002-7365-6217], Boucheron-Dubuisson, Élodie [0000-0001-9914-1740], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], and Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106]

Subjects
quantitative proteomics, Extraterrestrial Environment, Proteome, Arabidopsis thaliana, Short Communication, Gravity, Arabidopsis, Aquaporin, membrane proteins, Plant Science, Biology, International Space Station, label-free, spaceflight, Stress, Physiological, Ribosomal protein, Microsomes, Membrane proteins, Botany, Quantitative proteomics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Life support system, Arabidopsis Proteins, Weightlessness, Spaceflight, Space Flight, biology.organism_classification, gravity, Cell biology, Membrane protein, Seedlings, Label-free
Abstract

11p.-2 fig.-6 tab., Growing plants in space for using them in bioregenerative life support systems during long-term human spaceflights needs improvement of our knowledge in how plants can adapt to space growth conditions. In a previous study performed on board the International Space Station (GENARA A experiment STS-132) we evaluate the global changes that microgravity can exert on the membrane proteome of Arabidopsis seedlings. Here we report additional data from this space experiment, taking advantage of the availability in the EMCS of a centrifuge to evaluate the effects of cues other than microgravity on the relative distribution of membrane proteins. Among the 1484 membrane proteins quantified, 227 proteins displayed no abundance differences between µ g and 1 g in space, while their abundances significantly differed between 1 g in space and 1 g on ground. A majority of these proteins (176) were over-represented in space samples and mainly belong to families corresponding to protein synthesis, degradation, transport, lipid metabolism, or ribosomal proteins. In the remaining set of 51 proteins that were under-represented in membranes, aquaporins and chloroplastic proteins are majority. These sets of proteins clearly appear as indicators of plant physiological processes affected in space by stressful factors others than microgravity., The authors would like to thank the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) who successfully performed the spaceflight experiment; they also thank the astronauts for performing the required tasks on board the ISS. We acknowledge the Norwegian User Support and Operations Center team (NUSOC) for the ground and space preparation of the GENARA-A experiment and we thank the European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (Astrium EADS) for the design and building of the hardware. We also thank the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales(CNES) for their scientific and financial support.

Published
2014

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