Author: "Perault, M." - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Absolute reference for microwave polarization experiments -- The COSMOCal project and its proof of concept

Author: Ritacco, A., Bizzarri, L., Savorgnano, S., Boulanger, F., Pérault, M., Treuttel, J., Morfin, P., Catalano, A., Darson, D., Ponthieu, N., Feret, A., Maffei, B., Chahadih, A., Pisano, G., Zannoni, M., Nati, F., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Cuttaia, F., Terenzi, L., Monfardini, A., Calvo, M., Murgia, M., Ortu, P., Pisanu, T., Aumont, J., Errard, J., Leclercq, S., and Migliaccio, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The cosmic microwave background (CMB), a remnant of the Big Bang, provides unparalleled insights into the primordial universe, its energy content, and the origin of cosmic structures. The success of forthcoming terrestrial and space experiments hinges on meticulously calibrated data. Specifically, the ability to achieve an absolute calibration of the polarization angles with a precision of < 0.1 deg is crucial to identify the signatures of primordial gravitational waves and cosmic birefringence within the CMB polarization. We introduce the COSMOCal project, designed to deploy a polarized source in space for calibrating microwave frequency observations. The project aims to integrate microwave polarization observations from small and large telescopes, ground-based and in space, into a unified scale, enhancing the effectiveness of each observatory and allowing robust combination of data. To demonstrate the feasibility and confirm the observational approach of our project, we developed a prototype instrument that operates in the atmospheric window centered at 260 GHz, specifically tailored for use with the NIKA2 camera at the IRAM 30 m telescope. We present the instrument components and their laboratory characterization. The results of tests performed with the fully assembled prototype using a KIDs-based instrument, similar concept of NIKA2, are also reported. This study paves the way for an observing campaign using the IRAM 30m telescope and contributes to the development of a space-based instrument., Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures. Published
Published: 2024
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2. Polarization angle accuracy for future CMB experiments. The COSMOCal project and its prototype in the 1mm band

Author: Ritacco, A., Bizzarri, L., Boulanger, F., Pérault, M., Aumont, J., Bouchet, F., Calvo, M., Catalano, A., Darson, D., Désert, F. X., Errard, J., Feret, A., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maffei, B., Monfardini, A., Montier, L., Murgia, M., Morfin, P., Nati, F., Pisano, G., Ponthieu, N., Puget, J. L., Savorgnano, S., Segret, B., Schuster, K., Treuttel, J., and Zannoni, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation offers a unique window into the early Universe, facilitating precise examinations of fundamental cosmological theories. However, the quest for detecting B-modes in the CMB, predicted by theoretical models of inflation, faces substantial challenges in terms of calibration and foreground modeling. The COSMOCal (COsmic Survey of Millimeter wavelengths Objects for CMB experiments Calibration) project aims at enhancing the accuracy of the absolute calibration of the polarization angle $\psi$ of current and future CMB experiments. The concept includes the build of a very well known artificial source emitting in the frequency range [20-350] GHz that would act as an absolute calibrator for several polarization facilities on Earth. A feasibility study to place the artificial source in geostationary orbit, in the far field for all the telescopes on Earth, is ongoing. In the meanwhile ongoing hardware work is dedicated to build a prototype to test the technology, the precision and the stability of the polarization recovering in the 1 mm band (220-300 GHz). High-resolution experiments as the NIKA2 camera at the IRAM 30m telescope will be deployed for such use. Once carefully calibrated ($\Delta\psi$ < 0.1 degrees) it will be used to observe astrophysical sources such as the Crab nebula, which is the best candidate in the sky for the absolute calibration of CMB experiments., Comment: to appear in Proc. of the mm Universe 2023 conference, Grenoble (France), June 2023, published by F. Mayet et al. (Eds), EPJ Web of conferences, EDP Sciences
Published: 2023

3. French SKA White Book - The French Community towards the Square Kilometre Array

Author: Acero, F., Acquaviva, J. -T., Adam, R., Aghanim, N., Allen, M., Alves, M., Ammanouil, R., Ansari, R., Araudo, A., Armengaud, E., Ascaso, B., Athanassoula, E., Aubert, D., Babak, S., Bacmann, A., Banday, A., Barriere, K., Bellossi, F., Bernard, J. -P., Bernardini, M. G., Béthermin, M., Blanc, E., Blanchet, L., Bobin, J., Boissier, S., Boisson, C., Boselli, A., Bosma, A., Bosse, S., Bottinelli, S., Boulanger, F., Boyer, R., Bracco, A., Briand, C., Bucher, M., Buat, V., Cambresy, L., Caillat, M., Casandjian, J. -M., Caux, E., Célestin, S., Cerruti, M., Charlot, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chaty, S., Christensen, N., Ciesla, L., Clerc, N., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cognard, I., Combes, F., Comis, B., Corbel, S., Cordier, B., Coriat, M., Courtin, R., Courtois, H., Da Silva, B., Daddi, E., Dallier, R., Dartois, E., Demyk, K., Denis, J. -M., Denis, L., Djannati-Ataï, A., Donati, J. -F., Douspis, M., van Driel, W., Korso, M. N. El, Falgarone, E., Fantina, A., Farges, T., Ferrari, A., Ferrari, C., Ferrière, K., Flamary, R., Gac, N., Gauffre, S., Genova, F., Girard, J., Grenier, I., Griessmeier, J. -M., Guillard, P., Guillemot, L., Gulminelli, F., Gusdorf, A., Habart, E., Hammer, F., Hennebelle, P., Herpin, F., Hervet, O., Hughes, A., Ilbert, O., Janvier, M., Josselin, E., Julier, A., Lachaud, C., Lagache, G., Lallement, R., Lambert, S., Lamy, L., Langer, M., Larzabal, P., Lavaux, G., Bertre, T. Le, Fèvre, O. Le, Tiec, A. Le, Lefloch, B., Lehnert, M., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Levrier, F., Limousin, M., Lis, D., López-Sepulcre, A., Macias-Perez, J., Magneville, C., Marcowith, A., Margueron, J., Marquette, G., Marshall, D., Martin, L., Mary, D., Masson, S., Maurogordato, S., Mazauric, C., Mellier, Y., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Montier, L., Mottez, F., Mourard, D., Nesvadba, N., Nezan, J. -F., Noterdaeme, P., Novak, J., Ocvirk, P., Oertel, M., Olive, X., Ollier, V., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Pandey-Pommier, M., Pennec, Y., Pérault, M., Peroux, C., Petit, P., Pétri, J., Petiteau, A., Pety, J., Pratt, G. W., Puech, M., Quertier, B., Raffin, E., Harison, S. Rakotozafy, Rawson, S., Renaud, M., Revenu, B., Richard, C., Richard, J., Rincon, F., Ristorcelli, I., Rodriguez, J., Schultheis, M., Schimd, C., Semelin, B., Sol, H., Starck, J. -L., Tagger, M., Tasse, C., Theureau, G., Torchinsky, S., Vastel, C., Vergani, S. D., Verstraete, L., Vigouroux, X., Vilmer, N., Vilotte, J. -P., Webb, N., Ysard, N., and Zarka, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The "Square Kilometre Array" (SKA) is a large international radio telescope project characterised, as suggested by its name, by a total collecting area of approximately one square kilometre, and consisting of several interferometric arrays to observe at metric and centimetric wavelengths. The deployment of the SKA will take place in two sites, in South Africa and Australia, and in two successive phases. From its Phase 1, the SKA will be one of the most formidable scientific machines ever deployed by mankind, and by far the most impressive in terms of data throughput and required computing power. With the participation of almost 200 authors from forty research institutes and six private companies, the publication of this French SKA white paper illustrates the strong involvement in the SKA project of the French astronomical community and of a rapidly growing number of major scientific and technological players in the fields of Big Data, high performance computing, energy production and storage, as well as system integration., Comment: Editor in chief: C. Ferrari; Editors: M. Alves, S. Bosse, S. Corbel, A. Ferrari, K. Ferri\`ere, S. Gauffre, E. Josselin, G. Lagache, S. Lambert, G. Marquette, J.-M. Martin, M.-A. Miville-Desch\^enes, L. Montier, B. Semelin, G. Theureau, S. Vergani, N. Vilmer, P. Zarka; Original file with high resolution figures at SKA-France link: https://ska-france.oca.eu/images/SKA-France-Media/FWB_051017.pdf
Published: 2017

4. Herschel observations of Extra-Ordinary Sources: Methanol as a probe of physical conditions in Orion KL

Author: Wang, S., Bergin, E. A., Crockett, N. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Lis, D. C., Pearson, J. C., Schilke, P., Bell, T. A., Comito, C., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. B., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Muller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., and Zmuidzinas, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We have examined methanol emission from Orion KL with of the {\em Herschel}/HIFI instrument, and detected two methanol bands centered at 524 GHz and 1061 GHz. The 524 GHz methanol band (observed in HIFI band 1a) is dominated by the isolated $\Delta$J$=$0, K$=-4\rightarrow$-3, v$_t$$=$0 Q branch, and includes 25 E-type and 2 A-type transitions. The 1061 GHz methanol band (observed in HIFI band 4b) is dominated by the $\Delta$J$=$0, K$=7\rightarrow$6, v$_t$$=$0 Q branch transitions which are mostly blended. We have used the isolated E-type v$_t$$=$0 methanol transitions to explore the physical conditions in the molecular gas. With HIFI's high velocity resolution, the methanol emission contributed by different spatial components along the line of sight toward Orion KL (hot core, low velocity flow, and compact ridge) can be distinguished and studied separately. The isolated transitions detected in these bands cover a broad energy range (upper state energy ranging from 80 K to 900 K), which provides a unique probe of the thermal structure in each spatial component. The observations further show that the compact ridge is externally heated. These observations demonstrate the power of methanol lines as probes of the physical conditions in warm regions in close proximity to young stars., Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2011
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5. Detection of OH$^+$ and H$_2$O$^+$ towards Orion~KL

Author: Gupta, H., Rimmer, P., Pearson, J. C., Yu, S., Herbst, E., Harada, N., Bergin, E. A., Neufeld, D. A., Melnick, G. J., Bachiller, R., Baechtold, W., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Chattopadhyay, G., Comito, C., Cabrit, S., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Falgarone, E., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Dubernet, M. -L., Erickson, N., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Gill, J. J., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Larsson, B., Latter, W. B., Lin, R. H., Lis, D. C., Liseau, R., Lord, S. D., Maiwald, F. W., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Martin-Pintado, J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Müller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Nordh, L. H., Olberg, M., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pérault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Salez, M., Samoska, L. A., Schilke, P., Schlecht, E., Schlemmer, S., Szczerba, R., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Güsten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., Schieder, R., and Zaal, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We report observations of the reactive molecular ions OH$^+$, H$_2$O$^+$, and H$_3$O$^+$ towards Orion KL with Herschel/HIFI. All three $N=1-0$ fine-structure transitions of OH$^+$ at 909, 971, and 1033GHz and both fine-structure components of the doublet {\it ortho}-H$_2$O$^+$ $1_{11}-0_{00}$ transition at 1115 and 1139GHz were detected; an upper limit was obtained for H$_3$O$^+$. OH$^+$ and H$_2$O$^+$ are observed purely in absorption, showing a narrow component at the source velocity of 9 kms$^{-1}$, and a broad blueshifted absorption similar to that reported recently for HF and {\it para}-H$_{2}^{18}$O, and attributed to the low velocity outflow of Orion KL. We estimate column densities of OH$^+$ and H$_2$O$^+$ for the 9 km s$^{-1}$ component of $9 \pm 3 \times 10^{12}$cm$^{-2}$ and $7 \pm 2 \times 10^{12}$cm$^{-2}$, and those in the outflow of $1.9 \pm 0.7 \times 10^{13}$cm$^{-2}$ and $1.0 \pm 0.3 \times 10^{13}$cm$^{-2}$. Upper limits of $2.4\times 10^{12}$cm$^{-2}$ and $8.7\times 10^{12}$cm$^{-2}$ were derived for the column densities of {\it ortho} and {\it para}-H$_3$O$^+$ from transitions near 985 and 1657GHz. The column densities of the three ions are up to an order of magnitude lower than those obtained from recent observations of W31C and W49N. The comparatively low column densities may be explained by a higher gas density despite the assumption of a very high ionization rate., Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure. Accepted to and to be published in the Herschel HIFI special issue of A\&A Letters
Published: 2010
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6. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS): Observations of H2O and its isotopologues towards Orion KL

Author: Melnick, G. J., Tolls, V., Neufeld, D. A., Bergin, E. A., Phillips, T. G., Wang, S., Crockett, N. R., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Comito, C., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lis, D. C., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Muller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Salez, M., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., and Zmuidzinas, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We report the detection of more than 48 velocity-resolved ground rotational state transitions of H2(16)O, H2(18)O, and H2(17)O - most for the first time - in both emission and absorption toward Orion KL using Herschel/HIFI. We show that a simple fit, constrained to match the known emission and absorption components along the line of sight, is in excellent agreement with the spectral profiles of all the water lines. Using the measured H2(18)O line fluxes, which are less affected by line opacity than their H2(16)O counterparts, and an escape probability method, the column densities of H2(18)O associated with each emission component are derived. We infer total water abundances of 7.4E-5, 1.0E-5, and 1.6E-5 for the plateau, hot core, and extended warm gas, respectively. In the case of the plateau, this value is consistent with previous measures of the Orion-KL water abundance as well as those of other molecular outflows. In the case of the hot core and extended warm gas, these values are somewhat higher than water abundances derived for other quiescent clouds, suggesting that these regions are likely experiencing enhanced water-ice sublimation from (and reduced freeze-out onto) grain surfaces due to the warmer dust in these sources., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2010
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7. Reversal of infall in SgrB2(M) revealed by Herschel/HIFI observations of HCN lines at THz frequencies

Author: Rolffs, Rainer, Schilke, Peter, Comito, Claudia, Bergin, E. A., van der Tak, F. F. S., Lis, D. C., Qin, S. -L., Menten, K. M., Guesten, R., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Mueller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, L. H., Gill, J. J., and Chattopadhyay, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: To investigate the accretion and feedback processes in massive star formation, we analyze the shapes of emission lines from hot molecular cores, whose asymmetries trace infall and expansion motions. The high-mass star forming region SgrB2(M) was observed with Herschel/HIFI (HEXOS key project) in various lines of HCN and its isotopologues, complemented by APEX data. The observations are compared to spherically symmetric, centrally heated models with density power-law gradient and different velocity fields (infall or infall+expansion), using the radiative transfer code RATRAN. The HCN line profiles are asymmetric, with the emission peak shifting from blue to red with increasing J and decreasing line opacity (HCN to H$^{13}$CN). This is most evident in the HCN 12--11 line at 1062 GHz. These line shapes are reproduced by a model whose velocity field changes from infall in the outer part to expansion in the inner part. The qualitative reproduction of the HCN lines suggests that infall dominates in the colder, outer regions, but expansion dominates in the warmer, inner regions. We are thus witnessing the onset of feedback in massive star formation, starting to reverse the infall and finally disrupting the whole molecular cloud. To obtain our result, the THz lines uniquely covered by HIFI were critically important., Comment: A&A, HIFI special issue, accepted
Published: 2010
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8. Herschel observations of deuterated water towards Sgr B2(M)

Author: Comito, Claudia, Schilke, Peter, Rolffs, Rainer, Lis, D. C., Belloche, A., Bergin, E. A., Phillips, T. G., Bell, T. A., Crockett, N. R., Wang, S., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Mueller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Olberg, M., Szczerba, R., Larsson, B., Liseau, R., Lin, R. H., Samoska, L. A., and Schlecht, E.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Observations of HDO are an important complement for studies of water, because they give strong constraints on the formation processes -- grain surfaces versus energetic process in the gas phase, e.g. in shocks. The HIFI observations of multiple transitions of HDO in Sgr~B2(M) presented here allow the determination of the HDO abundance throughout the envelope, which has not been possible before with ground-based observations only. The abundance structure has been modeled with the spherical Monte Carlo radiative transfer code RATRAN, which also takes radiative pumping by continuum emission from dust into account. The modeling reveals that the abundance of HDO rises steeply with temperature from a low abundance ($2.5\times 10^{-11}$) in the outer envelope at temperatures below 100~K through a medium abundance ($1.5\times 10^{-9}$) in the inner envelope/outer core, at temperatures between 100 and 200~K, and finally a high abundance ($3.5\times 10^{-9}$) at temperatures above 200~K in the hot core., Comment: A&A HIFI special issue, accepted
Published: 2010
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9. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources: The Terahertz spectrum of Orion KL seen at high spectral resolution

Author: Crockett, N. R., Bergin, E. A., Wang, S., Lis, D. C., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Boogert, A., Bumble, B., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Comito, C., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Helmich, F., Herbst, E., Honingh, N., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Karpov, A., Kawamura, J. H., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Muller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Roelfsema, P., Schieder, R., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., van der Tak, F. F. S., Tielens, A., Trappe, N., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., and Zmuidzinas, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the first high spectral resolution observations of Orion KL in the frequency ranges 1573.4 - 1702.8 GHz (band 6b) and 1788.4 - 1906.8 GHz (band 7b) obtained using the HIFI instrument on board the Herschel Space Observatory. We characterize the main emission lines found in the spectrum, which primarily arise from a range of components associated with Orion KL including the hot core, but also see widespread emission from components associated with molecular outflows traced by H2O, SO2, and OH. We find that the density of observed emission lines is significantly diminished in these bands compared to lower frequency Herschel/HIFI bands., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Herschel HIFI special issue of Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters, 5 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2010
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10. Nitrogen hydrides in interstellar gas: Herschel/HIFI observations towards G10.6-0.4 (W31C)

Author: Persson, C. M., Black, J. H., Cernicharo, J., Goicoechea, J. R., Hassel, G. E., Herbst, E., Gerin, M., De Luca, M., Bell, T. A., Coutens, A., Falgarone, E., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Kazmierczak, M., Lis, D. C., Mookerjea, B., Neufeld, D. A., Pearson, J., Phillips, T. G., Sonnentrucker, P., Stutzki, J., Vastel, C., Yu, S., Boulanger, F., Dartois, E., Encrenaz, P., Geballe, T. R., Giesen, T., Godard, B., Gry, C., Hennebelle, P., Hily-Blant, P., Joblin, C., Kolos, R., Krelowski, J., Martin-Pintado, J., Menten, K., Monje, R., Perault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Schmidt, M., Teyssier, D., Peron, I., Cais, P., Gaufre, P., Cros, A., Ravera, L., Morris, P., Lord, S., and Planesas, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The HIFI instrument on board the Herschel Space Observatory has been used to observe interstellar nitrogen hydrides along the sight-line towards G10.6-0.4 in order to improve our understanding of the interstellar chemistry of nitrogen. We report observations of absorption in NH N=1-0, J=2-1 and ortho-NH2 1_1,1-0_0,0. We also observed ortho-NH3 1_0-0_0, and 2_0-1_0, para-NH3 2_1-1_1, and searched unsuccessfully for NH+. All detections show emission and absorption associated directly with the hot-core source itself as well as absorption by foreground material over a wide range of velocities. All spectra show similar, non-saturated, absorption features, which we attribute to diffuse molecular gas. Total column densities over the velocity range 11-54 km/s are estimated. The similar profiles suggest fairly uniform abundances relative to hydrogen, approximately 6*10^-9, 3*10^-9, and 3*10^-9 for NH, NH2, and NH3, respectively. These abundances are discussed with reference to models of gas-phase and surface chemistry., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 online pages with 2 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A July 6 (Herschel/HIFI special issue)
Published: 2010
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11. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources: the present and future of spectral surveys with Herschel/HIFI

Author: Bergin, E. A., Phillips, T. G., Comito, C., Crockett, N. R., Lis, D. C., Schilke, P., Wang, S., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Bumble, B., Caux, E., Cabrit, S., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., de Graauw, Th., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Hartogh, P., Helmich, F. P., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Kawamura, J. H., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. B., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Muller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Roelfsema, P., Qin, S. -L., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., and Zmuidzinas, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present initial results from the Herschel GT key program: Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS) and outline the promise and potential of spectral surveys with Herschel/HIFI. The HIFI instrument offers unprecedented sensitivity, as well as continuous spectral coverage across the gaps imposed by the atmosphere, opening up a largely unexplored wavelength regime to high-resolution spectroscopy. We show the spectrum of Orion KL between 480 and 560 GHz and from 1.06 to 1.115 THz. From these data, we confirm that HIFI separately measures the dust continuum and spectrally resolves emission lines in Orion KL. Based on this capability we demonstrate that the line contribution to the broad-band continuum in this molecule-rich source is ~20-40% below 1 THz and declines to a few percent at higher frequencies. We also tentatively identify multiple transitions of HD18O in the spectra. The first detection of this rare isotopologue in the interstellar medium suggests that HDO emission is optically thick in the Orion hot core with HDO/H2O ~ 0.02. We discuss the implications of this detection for the water D/H ratio in hot cores., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted and to be published in Herschel HIFI special issue of A&A Letters
Published: 2010
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12. Detection of hydrogen fluoride absorption in diffuse molecular clouds with Herschel/HIFI: a ubiquitous tracer of molecular gas

Author: Sonnentrucker, P., Neufeld, D. A., Phillips, T. G., Gerin, M., Lis, D. C., De Luca, M., Goicoechea, J. R., Black, J. H., Bell, T. A., Boulanger, F., Cernicharo, J., Coutens, A., Dartois, E., Kazmierczak, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Geballe, T. R., Giesen, T., Godard, B., Goldsmith, P. F., Gry, C., Gupta, H., Hennebelle, P., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Joblin, C., Kolos, R., Krelowski, J., Martın-Pintado, J., Menten, K. M., Monje, R., Mookerjea, B., Pearson, J., Perault, M., Persson, C. M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Schmidt, M., Stutzki, J., Teyssier, D., Vastel, C., Yu, S., Caux, E., Gusten, R., Hatch, W. A., Klein, T., Mehdi, I., Morris, P., and Ward, J. S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We discuss the detection of absorption by interstellar hydrogen fluoride (HF) along the sight line to the submillimeter continuum sources W49N and W51. We have used Herschel's HIFI instrument in dual beam switch mode to observe the 1232.4762 GHz J = 1 - 0 HF transition in the upper sideband of the band 5a receiver. We detected foreground absorption by HF toward both sources over a wide range of velocities. Optically thin absorption components were detected on both sight lines, allowing us to measure - as opposed to obtain a lower limit on - the column density of HF for the first time. As in previous observations of HF toward the source G10.6-0.4, the derived HF column density is typically comparable to that of water vapor, even though the elemental abundance of oxygen is greater than that of fluorine by four orders of magnitude. We used the rather uncertain N(CH)-N(H2) relationship derived previously toward diffuse molecular clouds to infer the molecular hydrogen column density in the clouds exhibiting HF absorption. Within the uncertainties, we find that the abundance of HF with respect to H2 is consistent with the theoretical prediction that HF is the main reservoir of gas-phase fluorine for these clouds. Thus, hydrogen fluoride has the potential to become an excellent tracer of molecular hydrogen, and provides a sensitive probe of clouds of small H2 column density. Indeed, the observations of hydrogen fluoride reported here reveal the presence of a low column density diffuse molecular cloud along the W51 sight line, at an LSR velocity of ~ 24kms-1, that had not been identified in molecular absorption line studies prior to the launch of Herschel., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, A&A Letter special issue, accepted on 07/13/2010
Published: 2010
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13. Herschel observations of extra-ordinary sources: Detection of Hydrogen Fluoride in absorption towards Orion~KL

Author: Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Lis, D. C., Neufeld, D. A., Bell, T. A., Wang, S., Crockett, N. R., Emprechtinger, M., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Comito, C., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Muller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., and Schieder, R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We report a detection of the fundamental rotational transition of hydrogen fluoride in absorption towards Orion KL using Herschel/HIFI. After the removal of contaminating features associated with common molecules ("weeds"), the HF spectrum shows a P-Cygni profile, with weak redshifted emission and strong blue-shifted absorption, associated with the low-velocity molecular outflow. We derive an estimate of 2.9 x 10^13 cm^-2 for the HF column density responsible for the broad absorption component. Using our best estimate of the H2 column density within the low-velocity molecular outflow, we obtain a lower limit of ~1.6 x 10^-10 for the HF abundance relative to hydrogen nuclei, corresponding to 0.6% of the solar abundance of fluorine. This value is close to that inferred from previous ISO observations of HF J=2--1 absorption towards Sgr B2, but is in sharp contrast to the lower limit of 6 x 10^-9 derived by Neufeld et al. (2010) for cold, foreground clouds on the line of sight towards G10.6-0.4., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, paper to be published in the Herschel special issue of A&A letters
Published: 2010
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14. Herschel observations of extra-ordinary sources: Detecting spiral arm clouds by CH absorption lines

Author: Qin, S. -L., Schilke, P., Comito, C., Möller, T., Rolffs, R., Müller, H. S. P., Belloche, A., Menten, K. M., Lis, D. C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Bell, T. A., Crockett, N. R., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Pérault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Güsten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. M., Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachille, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, L. H., Gill, J. L., and Chattopadhyay, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We have observed CH absorption lines ($J=3/2, N=1 \leftarrow J=1/2, N=1$) against the continuum source Sgr~B2(M) using the \textit{Herschel}/HIFI instrument. With the high spectral resolution and wide velocity coverage provided by HIFI, 31 CH absorption features with different radial velocities and line widths are detected and identified. The narrower line width and lower column density clouds show `spiral arm' cloud characteristics, while the absorption component with the broadest line width and highest column density corresponds to the gas from the Sgr~B2 envelope. The observations show that each `spiral arm' harbors multiple velocity components, indicating that the clouds are not uniform and that they have internal structure. This line-of-sight through almost the entire Galaxy offers unique possibilities to study the basic chemistry of simple molecules in diffuse clouds, as a variety of different cloud classes are sampled simultaneously. We find that the linear relationship between CH and H$_2$ column densities found at lower $A_V$ by UV observations does not continue into the range of higher visual extinction. There, the curve flattens, which probably means that CH is depleted in the denser cores of these clouds., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, HIFI Special Issue
Published: 2010
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15. Herschel/HIFI measurements of the ortho/para ratio in water towards Sagittarius B2(M) and W31C

Author: Lis, D. C., Phillips, T. G., Goldsmith, P. F., Neufeld, D. A., Herbst, E., Comito, C., Schilke, P., Müller, H. S. P., Bergin, E. A., Gerin, M., Bell, T. A., Emprechtinger, M., Black, J. H., Blake, G. A., Boulanger, F., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Coutens, A., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Dartois, E., De Luca, M., Dubernet, M. -L., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Geballe, T. R., Godard, B., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Gry, C., Gupta, H., Hennebelle, P., Hily-Blant, P., Kołos, R., Krełowski, J., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Kaźmierczak, M., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Martín-Pintado, J., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Monje, R., Mookerjea, B., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Pérault, M., Persson, C., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Schmidt, M., Sonnentrucker, P., Stutzki, J., Teyssier, D., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Erickson, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Maiwald, F. W., Schieder, R., and Zaal, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present Herschel/HIFI observations of the fundamental rotational transitions of ortho- and para-H$_2^{16}$O and H$_2^{18}$O in absorption towards Sagittarius~B2(M) and W31C. The ortho/para ratio in water in the foreground clouds on the line of sight towards these bright continuum sources is generally consistent with the statistical high-temperature ratio of 3, within the observational uncertainties. However, somewhat unexpectedly, we derive a low ortho/para ratio of $2.35 \pm 0.35$, corresponding to a spin temperature of $\sim$27~K, towards Sagittarius~B2(M) at velocities of the expanding molecular ring. Water molecules in this region appear to have formed with, or relaxed to, an ortho/para ratio close to the value corresponding to the local temperature of the gas and dust., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, HIFI Special Issue; 5 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2010
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16. Herschel/HIFI discovery of interstellar chloronium (H$_2$Cl$^+$)

Author: Lis, D. C., Pearson, J. C., Neufeld, D. A., Schilke, P., Müller, H. S. P., Gupta, H., Bell, T. A., Comito, C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Ceccarelli, C., Goldsmith, P. F., Blake, G. A., Bacmann, A., Baudry, A., Benedettini, M., Benz, A., Black, J., Boogert, A., Bottinelli, S., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Castets, A., Caux, E., Cernicharo, J., Codella, C., Coutens, A., Crimier, N., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Demyk, K., Dominic, C., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Fuente, A., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Helmich, F., Hennebelle, P., Henning, Th., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Hjalmarson, Å., Hollenbach, D., Jack, T., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Kahane, C., Kama, M., Kaufman, M., Klotz, A., Langer, W. D., Larsson, B., Bourlot, J. Le, Lefloch, B., Petit, F. Le, Li, D., Liseau, R., Lord, S. D., Lorenzani, A., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Nagy, Z., Nisini, B., Ossenkopf, V., Pacheco, S., Pagani, L., Parise, B., Pérault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Roueff, E., Salez, M., Sandqvist, A., Saraceno, P., Schlemmer, S., Schuster, K., Snell, R., Stutzki, J., Tielens, A., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., van der Wiel, M. H. D., van Dishoeck, E., Vastel, C., Viti, S., Wakelam, V., Walters, A., Wang, S., Wyrowski, F., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Delorme, Y., Desbat, J. -P., Güsten, R., Krieg, J. -M., and Delforge, B.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We report the first detection of chloronium, H$_2$Cl$^+$, in the interstellar medium, using the HIFI instrument aboard the \emph{Herschel} Space Observatory. The $2_{12}-1_{01}$ lines of ortho-H$_2^{35}$Cl$^+$ and ortho-H$_2^{37}$Cl$^+$ are detected in absorption towards NGC~6334I, and the $1_{11}-0_{00}$ transition of para-H$_2^{35}$Cl$^+$ is detected in absorption towards NGC~6334I and Sgr~B2(S). The H$_2$Cl$^+$ column densities are compared to those of the chemically-related species HCl. The derived HCl/H$_2$Cl$^+$ column density ratios, $\sim$1--10, are within the range predicted by models of diffuse and dense Photon Dominated Regions (PDRs). However, the observed H$_2$Cl$^+$ column densities, in excess of $10^{13}$~cm$^{-2}$, are significantly higher than the model predictions. Our observations demonstrate the outstanding spectroscopic capabilities of HIFI for detecting new interstellar molecules and providing key constraints for astrochemical models., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, HIFI Special Issue; 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Published: 2010
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17. Herschel/HIFI observations of interstellar OH+ and H2O+ towards W49N: a probe of diffuse clouds with a small molecular fraction

Author: Neufeld, D. A., Goicoechea, J. R., Sonnentrucker, P., Black, J. H., Pearson, J., Yu, S., Phillips, T. G., Lis, D. C., De Luca, M., Herbst, E., Rimmer, P., Gerin, M., Bell, T. A., Boulanger, F., Cernicharo, J., Coutens, A., Dartois, E., Kazmierczak, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Geballe, T. R., Giesen, T., Godard, B., Goldsmith, P. F., Gry, C., Gupta, H., Hennebelle, P., Hily-Blant, P., Joblin, C., Kołos, R., Krełowski, J., Martın-Pintado, J., Menten, K. M., Monje, R., Mookerjea, B., Perault, M., Persson, C., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Schmidt, M., Stutzki, J., Teyssier, D., Vastel, C., Cros, A., Klein, K., Lorenzani, A., Philipp, S., Samoska, L. A., Shipman, R., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Szczerba, R., and Zmuidzinas, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We report the detection of absorption by interstellar hydroxyl cations and water cations, along the sight-line to the bright continuum source W49N. We have used Herschel's HIFI instrument, in dual beam switch mode, to observe the 972 GHz N = 1 - 0 transition of OH+ and the 1115 GHz 1(11) - 0(00) transition of ortho-H2O+. The resultant spectra show absorption by ortho-H2O+, and strong absorption by OH+, in foreground material at velocities in the range 0 to 70 km/s with respect to the local standard of rest. The inferred OH+/H2O+ abundance ratio ranges from ~ 3 to ~ 15, implying that the observed OH+ arises in clouds of small molecular fraction, in the 2 - 8% range. This conclusion is confirmed by the distribution of OH+ and H2O+ in Doppler velocity space, which is similar to that of atomic hydrogen, as observed by means of 21 cm absorption measurements, and dissimilar from that typical of other molecular tracers. The observed OH+/H abundance ratio of a few E-8 suggests a cosmic ray ionization rate for atomic hydrogen of (0.6 - 2.4) E-16 s-1, in good agreement with estimates inferred previously for diffuse clouds in the Galactic disk from observations of interstellar H3+ and other species., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Published: 2010
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18. Excitation and Abundance of C3 in star forming cores:Herschel/HIFI observations of the sight-lines to W31C and W49N

Author: Mookerjea, B., Giesen, T., Stutzki, J., Cernicharo, J., Goicoechea, J. R., De Luca, M., Bell, T. A., Gupta, H., Gerin, M., Persson, C. M., Sonnentrucker, P., Makai, Z., Black, J., Boulanger, F., Coutens, A., Dartois, E., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Geballe, T., Godard, B., Goldsmith, P. F., Gry, C., Herbst, P. Hennebelle E., Hily-Blant, P., Joblin, C., Kaźmierczak, M., Kołos, R., Krełowski, J., Lis, D. C., Martin-Pintado, J., Menten, K. M., Monje, R., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Schmidt, M., Teyssier, D., Vastel, C., Yu, S., Dieleman, P., Güsten, R., Honingh, C. E., Morris, P., Roelfsema, P., Schieder, R., Tielens, A. G. G. M., and Zmuidzinas, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present spectrally resolved observations of triatomic carbon (C3) in several ro-vibrational transitions between the vibrational ground state and the low-energy nu2 bending mode at frequencies between 1654-1897 GHz along the sight-lines to the submillimeter continuum sources W31C and W49N, using Herschel's HIFI instrument. We detect C3 in absorption arising from the warm envelope surrounding the hot core, as indicated by the velocity peak position and shape of the line profile. The sensitivity does not allow to detect C3 absorption due to diffuse foreground clouds. From the column densities of the rotational levels in the vibrational ground state probed by the absorption we derive a rotation temperature (T_rot) of ~50--70 K, which is a good measure of the kinetic temperature of the absorbing gas, as radiative transitions within the vibrational ground state are forbidden. It is also in good agreement with the dust temperatures for W31C and W49N. Applying the partition function correction based on the derived T_rot, we get column densities N(C3) ~7-9x10^{14} cm^{-2} and abundance x(C3)~10^{-8} with respect to H2. For W31C, using a radiative transfer model including far-infrared pumping by the dust continuum and a temperature gradient within the source along the line of sight we find that a model with x(C3)=10^{-8}, T_kin=30-50 K, N(C3)=1.5 10^{15} cm^{-2} fits the observations reasonably well and provides parameters in very good agreement with the simple excitation analysis., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (HIFI first results issue)
Published: 2010
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19. Herschel observations of ortho- and para-oxidaniumyl (H2O+) in spiral arm clouds toward Sgr B2(M)

Author: Schilke, P., Comito, C., Mueller, H. S. P., Bergin, E. A., Herbst, E., Lis, D. C., Neufeld, D. A., Phillips, T. G., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. B., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Erickson, N., Maiwald, F. W., Kooi, J., Karpov, A., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Schieder, R., and Zaal, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: H2O+ has been observed in its ortho- and para- states toward the massive star forming core Sgr B2(M), located close to the Galactic center. The observations show absorption in all spiral arm clouds between the Sun and Sgr B2. The average o/p ratio of H2O+ in most velocity intervals is 4.8, which corresponds to a nuclear spin temperature of 21 K. The relationship of this spin temperature to the formation temperature and current physical temperature of the gas hosting H2O+ is discussed, but no firm conclusion is reached. In the velocity interval 0 to 60 km/s, an ortho/para ratio of below unity is found, but if this is due to an artifact of contamination by other species or real is not clear., Comment: A&A, HIFI special issue, accepted
Published: 2010
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20. Detection of interstellar oxidaniumyl: abundant H2O+ towards the star-forming regions DR21, Sgr B2, and NGC6334

Author: Ossenkopf, V., Müller, H. S. P., Lis, D. C., Schilke, P., Bell, T. A., Bruderer, S., Bergin, E., Ceccarelli, C., Comito, C., Stutzki, J., Bacman, A., Baudry, A., Benz, A. O., Benedettini, M., Berne, O., Blake, G., Boogert, A., Bottinelli, S., Boulanger, F., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Caux, E., Cernicharo, J., Codella, C., Coutens, A., Crimier, N., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Demyk, K., Dieleman, P., Dominik, C., Dubernet, M. L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., France, K., Fuente, A., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., di Giorgio, A. M., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Güsten, R., Harris, A., Helmich, F., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Jacobs, K., Jacq, T., Joblin, Ch., Johnstone, D., Kahane, C., Kama, M., Klein, T., Klotz, A., Kramer, C., Langer, W., Lefloch, B., Leinz, C., Lorenzani, A., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Martin-Pintado, J., McCoey, C., Melchior, M., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Mookerjea, B., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Nisini, B., Pacheco, S., Pagani, L., Parise, B., Pearson, J. C., Pérault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Quin, S. -L., Rizzo, R., Röllig, M., Salez, M., Saraceno, P., Schlemmer, S., Simon, R., Schuster, K., van der Tak, F. F. S., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Teyssier, D., Trappe, N., Vastel, C., Viti, S., Wakelam, V., Walters, A., Wang, S., Whyborn, N., van der Wiel, M., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., and Zmuidzinas, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We identify a prominent absorption feature at 1115 GHz, detected in first HIFI spectra towards high-mass star-forming regions, and interpret its astrophysical origin. The characteristic hyperfine pattern of the H2O+ ground-state rotational transition, and the lack of other known low-energy transitions in this frequency range, identifies the feature as H2O+ absorption against the dust continuum background and allows us to derive the velocity profile of the absorbing gas. By comparing this velocity profile with velocity profiles of other tracers in the DR21 star-forming region, we constrain the frequency of the transition and the conditions for its formation. In DR21, the velocity distribution of H2O+ matches that of the [CII] line at 158\mu\m and of OH cm-wave absorption, both stemming from the hot and dense clump surfaces facing the HII-region and dynamically affected by the blister outflow. Diffuse foreground gas dominates the absorption towards Sgr B2. The integrated intensity of the absorption line allows us to derive lower limits to the H2O+ column density of 7.2e12 cm^-2 in NGC 6334, 2.3e13 cm^-2 in DR21, and 1.1e15 cm^-2 in Sgr B2., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2010
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21. Strong absorption by interstellar hydrogen fluoride: Herschel/HIFI observations of the sight-line to G10.6-0.4 (W31C)

Author: Neufeld, D. A., Sonnentrucker, P., Phillips, T. G., Lis, D. C., De Luca, M., Goicoechea, J. R., Black, J. H., Gerin, M., Bell, T., Boulanger, F., Cernicharo, J., Coutens, A., Dartois, E., Kazmierczak, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Geballe, T. R., Giesen, T., Godard, B., Goldsmith, P. F., Gry, C., Gupta, H., Hennebelle, P., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Joblin, C., Kolos, R., Krelowski, J., Martin-Pintado, J., Menten, K. M., Monje, R., Mookerjea, B., Pearson, J., Perault, M., Persson, C., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Schmidt, M., Stutzki, J., Teyssier, D., Vastel, C., Yu, S., Cais, P., Caux, E., Liseau, R., Morris, P., and Planesas, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We report the detection of strong absorption by interstellar hydrogen fluoride along the sight-line to the submillimeter continuum source G10.6-0.4 (W31C). We have used Herschel's HIFI instrument, in dual beam switch mode, to observe the 1232.4763 GHz J=1-0 HF transition in the upper sideband of the Band 5a receiver. The resultant spectrum shows weak HF emission from G10.6-0.4 at LSR velocities in the range -10 to -3 km/s, accompanied by strong absorption by foreground material at LSR velocities in the range 15 to 50 km/s. The spectrum is similar to that of the 1113.3430 GHz 1(11)-0(00) transition of para-water, although at some frequencies the HF (hydrogen fluoride) optical depth clearly exceeds that of para-H2O. The optically-thick HF absorption that we have observed places a conservative lower limit of 1.6E+14 cm-2 on the HF column density along the sight-line to G10.6-0.4. Our lower limit on the HF abundance, 6E-9 relative to hydrogen nuclei, implies that hydrogen fluoride accounts for between ~ 30 and 100% of the fluorine nuclei in the gas phase along this sight-line. This observation corroborates theoretical predictions that - because the unique thermochemistry of fluorine permits the exothermic reaction of F atoms with molecular hydrogen - HF will be the dominant reservoir of interstellar fluorine under a wide range of conditions., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (Herschel special issue). This revised version corrects a typographic error in the HTML abstract, in which the lower limit on the HF abundance (should be 6E-9) was previously misstated. The abstract in the PDF version is correct and the latter has not been modified
Published: 2010
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22. ISOCAM observations of the L1551 star formation region

Author: Gålfalk, M., Olofsson, G., Kaas, A. A., Olofsson, S., Bontemps, S., Nordh, L., Abergel, A., Andre, P., Boulanger, F., Burgdorf, M., Casali, M. M., Cesarsky, C. J., Davies, J., Falgarone, E., Montmerle, T., Perault, M., Persi, P., Prusti, T., Puget, J. L., and Sibille, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: The results of a deep mid-IR ISOCAM survey of the L1551 dark molecular cloud are presented. The aim of this survey is a search for new YSO (Young Stellar Object) candidates, using two broad-band filters centred at 6.7 and 14.3 micron. Although two regions close to the centre of L1551 had to be avoided due to saturation problems, 96 sources were detected in total (76 sources at 6.7 micron and 44 sources at 14.3 micron). Using the 24 sources detected in both filters, 14 were found to have intrinsic mid-IR excess at 14.3 micron and were therefore classified as YSO candidates. Using additional observations in B, V, I, J, H and K obtained from the ground, most candidates detected at these wavelengths were confirmed to have mid-IR excess at 6.7 micron as well, and three additional YSO candidates were found. Prior to this survey only three YSOs were known in the observed region (avoiding L1551 IRS5/NE and HL/XZ Tau). This survey reveals 15 new YSO candidates, although several of these are uncertain due to their extended nature either in the mid-IR or in the optical/near-IR observations. Two of the sources with mid-IR excess are previously known YSOs, one is a brown dwarf MHO 5 and the other is the well known T Tauri star HH30, consisting of an outflow and an optically thick disk seen edge on., Comment: 14 Pages, 8 Figures
Published: 2004
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23. The young stellar population in the Serpens Cloud Core: An ISOCAM survey

Author: Kaas, A. A., Olofsson, G., Bontemps, S., Andre, P., Nordh, L., Huldtgren, M., Prusti, T., Persi, P., Delgado, A. J., Motte, F., Abergel, A., Boulanger, F., Burgdorf, M., Casali, M. M., Cesarsky, C. J., Davies, J., Falgarone, E., Montmerle, T., Perault, M., Puget, J. L., and Sibille, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We present results from an ISOCAM survey in the two broad band filters LW2 (5-8.5 mu) and LW3 (12-18 mu) of a 0.13 square degree coverage of the Serpens Main Cloud Core. A total of 392 sources were detected in the 6.7 mu band and 139 in the 14.3 mu band to a limiting sensitivity of ~ 2 mJy. Only about 50% of the mid-IR excess sources show excesses in the near-IR J-H/H-K diagram. In the central Cloud Core the Class I/Class II number ratio is 19/18, i.e. about 10 times larger than in other young embedded clusters such as rho Ophiuchi or Chamaeleon. The mid-IR fluxes of the Class I and flat-spectrum sources are found to be on the average larger than those of Class II sources. Stellar luminosities are estimated for the Class II sample, and its luminosity function is compatible with a coeval population of about 2 Myr which follows a three segment power-law IMF. For this age about 20% of the Class IIs are found to be young brown dwarf candidates. The YSOs are in general strongly clustered, the Class I sources more than the Class II sources, and there is an indication of sub-clustering. The sub-clustering of the protostar candidates has a spatial scale of 0.12 pc. These sub-clusters are found along the NW-SE oriented ridge and in very good agreement with the location of dense cores traced by millimeter data. The smallest clustering scale for the Class II sources is about 0.25 pc, similar to what was found for rho Ophiuchi. Our data show evidence that star formation in Serpens has proceeded in several phases, and that a ``microburst'' of star formation has taken place very recently, probably within the last 10^5 yrs., Comment: 25 pages, 14 figures, accepted by A&A March 18th, see also http://www.not.iac.es/~amanda/
Published: 2004
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24. ISOGAL: A deep survey of the obscured inner Milky Way with ISO at 7 and 15 micron and with DENIS in the near-infrared

Author: Omont, A., Gilmore, G., Alard, C., Aracil, B., August, T., Baliyan, K., Blommaert, J., Borsenberger, J., Burgdorf, M., Cesarsky, C., de Batz, B., Egan, M., Egret, D., Epchtein, N., Felli, M., Fouque, P., Ganesh, S., Glass, I., Gredel, R., Groenewegen, M., Habing, H. J., Hennebelle, P., Jiang, B., Joshi, U., Messineo, M., Miville-Deschenes, M. A., Moneti, A., Ojha, D., Ortiz, R., Ott, S., Perault, M., Price, S., Robin, A., Schultheis, M., Schuller, F., Simon, G., Testi, L., Teyssier, D., van Loon, J., and Wyse, R.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: The ISOGAL project is an infrared survey of specific regions sampling the Galactic Plane selected to provide information on Galactic structure,stellar populations,stellar mass-loss and the recent star formation history of the inner disk and Bulge of the Galaxy. ISOGAL combines 7 and 15 micron ISOCAM observations - with a resolution of 6'' at worst - with DENIS IJKs data to determine the nature of the sources and theinterstellar extinction. We have observed about 16 square degrees with a sensitivity approaching 10-20mJy, detecting ~10^5 sources,mostly AGB stars,red giants and young stars. The main features of the ISOGAL survey and the observations are summarized in this paper,together with a brief discussion of data processing and quality. The primary ISOGAL products are described briefly (a full description is given in Schuller et al. 2003, astro-ph/0304309): viz. the images and theISOGAL-DENIS five-wavelength point source catalogue. The main scientific results already derived or in progress are summarized. These include astrometrically calibrated 7 and 15um images,determining structures of resolved sources; identification and properties of interstellar dark clouds; quantification of the infrared extinction law and source dereddening; analysis of red giant and (especially) AGB stellar populations in the central Bulge,determining luminosity,presence of circumstellar dust and mass--loss rate,and source classification,supplemented in some cases by ISO/CVF spectroscopy; detection of young stellar objects of diverse types,especially in the inner Bulge with information about the present and recent star formation rate; identification of foreground sources with mid-IR excess. These results are the subject of about 25 refereed papers published or in preparation., Comment: A&A in press. 19 pages,10 Ps figures; problems with figures fixed
Published: 2003
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25. ISOCAM observations of the rho Ophiuchi cloud: Luminosity and mass functions of the pre-main sequence embedded cluster

Author: Bontemps, S., Andre, P., Kaas, A. A., Nordh, L., Olofsson, G., Huldtgren, M., Abergel, A., Blommaert, J., Boulanger, F., Burgdorf, M., Cesarsky, C. J., Cesarsky, D., Copet, E., Davies, J., Falgarone, E., Lagache, G., Montmerle, T., Perault, M., Persi, P., Prusti, T., Puget, J. L., and Sibille, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the results of the first extensive mid-infrared (IR) imaging survey of the rho Ophiuchi embedded cluster, performed with the ISOCAM camera on board the ISO satellite. The main molecular cloud L1688, as well as L1689N and L1689S, have been completely surveyed for point sources at 6.7 and 14.3 micron. A total of 425 sources are detected including 16 Class I, 123 Class II, and 77 Class III young stellar objects (YSOs). Essentially all of the mid-IR sources coincide with near-IR sources, but a large proportion of them are recognized for the first time as YSOs. Our dual-wavelength survey allows us to identify essentially all the YSOs with IR excess in the embedded cluster down to Fnu ~ 10 - 15 mJy. It more than doubles the known population of Class II YSOs and represents the most complete census to date of newly formed stars in the rho Ophiuchi central region. The stellar luminosity function of the complete sample of Class II YSOs is derived with a good accuracy down to L= 0.03 Lsun. A modeling of this lumino- sity function, using available pre-main sequence tracks and plausible star for- mation histories, allows us to derive the mass distribution of the Class II YSOs which arguably reflects the IMF of the embedded cluster. We estimate that the IMF in rho Ophiuchi is well described by a two-component power law with a low- mass index of -0.35+/-0.25, a high-mass index of -1.7 (to be compared with the Salpeter value of -1.35), and a break occurring at M = 0.55+/-0.25 Msun. This IMF is flat with no evidence for a low-mass cutoff down to at least 0.06 Msun., Comment: A&A Document Class -- version 5.01, 27 pages, 10 figures v2: typos added including few changes in source numbering
Published: 2001
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26. Mass-Losing Semiregular Variable Stars in Baade's Windows

Author: Alard, C., Blommaert, J., Cesarsky, C., Epchtein, N., Felli, M., Fouque, P., Ganesh, S., Genzel, R., Gilmore, G., Glass, I., Habing, H., Omont, A., Perault, M., Price, S., Robin, A., Schultheis, M., Simon, G., van Loon, J., Alcock, C., Allsman, R., Alves, D., Axelrod, T., Becker, A., Bennett, D., Cook, K., Drake, A., Freeman, K., Geha, M., Griest, K., Lehner, M., Marshall, S., Minniti, D., Nelson, C., Peterson, B., Popowski, P., Pratt, M., Quinn, P., Sutherland, W., Tomaney, A., Vandehei, T., and Welch, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: By cross-correlating the results of two recent large-scale surveys, the general properties of a well defined sample of semi-regular variable stars have been determined. ISOGAL mid-infrared photometry and MACHO lightcurves are assembled for approximately 300 stars in the Baade's Windows of low extinction towards the Galactic bulge. These stars are mainly giants of late M spectral type, evolving along the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). They are found to possess a wide and continuous distribution of pulsation periods and to obey an approximate log~period -- bolometric magnitude relation or set of such relations. Approximate mass-loss rates in the range of 1e-8 to 5e-7 M_sun per year are derived from ISOGAL mid-infrared photometry and models of stellar spectra adjusted for the presence of optically-thin circumstellar silicate dust. Mass-loss rates depend on luminosity and pulsation period. Some stars lose mass as rapidly as short-period Miras but do not show Mira-like amplitudes. A period of 70 days or longer is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for mass loss to occur. For AGB stars in the mass-loss ranges that we observe, the functional dependence of mass-loss rate on temperature and luminosity is found to be in agreement with recent theoretical predictions. If we include our mass-loss rates with a sample of extreme mass-losing AGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud, we get the general result for AGB stars that mass-loss rate is proportional to luminosity^{2.7}, valid for AGB stars with 10^{-8} to 10^{-4} M_sun per year (Abridged)., Comment: to appear in The Astrophysical Journal, 51 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables; table 1 will be available in machine-readable format at the electronic ApJ
Published: 2001
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27. A classical approach to faint extragalactic source extraction from ISOCAM deep surveys. Application to the Hubble Deep Field

Author: Desert, F. -X., Puget, J. -L., Clements, D. L., Perault, M., Abergel, A., Bernard, J-P., and Cesarsky, C. J.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We have developed a general data reduction technique for ISOCAM data coming from various deep surveys of faint galaxies. In order to reach the fundamental limits of the camera (due to the background photon noise and the readout noise), we have devised several steps in the reduction processes that transform the raw data to a sky map which is then used for point source and sligthly extended source extraction. We show illustrative examples of our present scheme by using data taken from the publicly available Hubble Deep Field ISOCAM survey in order to demonstrate its characteristics. More than thirty sources down to the 60 (resp. 100) microJy level are clearly detected above 4 sigma at wavelengths of 7 (resp. 15) micron, the vast majority at 15 micron. A large fraction of these sources can be identified with visible objects of median magnitude 22 and K-band magnitude of 17.5 and redshifts between 0.5 and 1 (when available). A few very red objects could be at larger redshifts., Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics, Main Journal, 17 Aug. 1998
Published: 1998

28. Mass-Losing AGB Stars and Young Stars in the Isogal Survey

Author: Omont, A., Caillaud, B., Fouque, P., Gilmore, G., Ojha, D., Perault, M., Seguin, P., Simon, G., Wyse, R. F. G., and Epchtein, N., editor
Published: 1998
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29. The transient behaviour of the long wavelength channel of ISOCAM

Author: Abergel, A., Miville-Deschenes, M. A., Desert, F. X., Perault, M., Aussel, H., and Sauvage, M.
Subjects: Infrared Space Observatory (Artificial satellite) -- Observations, Infrared imaging -- Usage, Infrared detectors -- Usage, Wavelength -- Observations, Artificial satellites, European -- Observations, Science and technology
Abstract: Byline: A. Abergel (1), M. A. Miville-Deschenes (1), F. X. Desert (2), M. Perault (3), H. Aussel (4), M. Sauvage (4) Keywords: data processing; IR detectors; IR Imaging; ISO Abstract: The detector of the long wavelength channel of the ISOCAMcamera on-board the Infrared Space Observatory is a Galliumdoped Silicon photo-conductor hybridized by Indium bump. Itpresents systematic memory effects of the response which canbias the photometry by a factor of typically 40%. The main features of the response after flux variations are discussed. A simple empirical model actually used to correct systematically the data with a photometric accuracy of 5--10% is detailed. Author Affiliation: (1) Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Universite Paris-Sud, Bat. 121, 91405, Orsay, France (2) Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Observatoire de Grenoble, BP 53, 414 rue de la piscine, 38041, Grenoble 9, France (3) Radioastronomie Millimetrique, Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France (4) CEA, DSM/DAPNIA, CE-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France Article History: Registration Date: 07/10/2004
Published: 2000

30. Clinical Trial Simulation in Drug Development

Author: Boissel, J.-P., Cucherat, M., Durrleman, S., Girard, P., Guez, D., Koen, R., Laveille, C., Mathiex-Fortunet, H., Micallef, J., Missoum, N., Paintaud, G., Perault, M.-C., Tansey, M., Thomas, J.-L., Treluyer, J.-M., Variol, Ph., Waegemans, T., Girard, Pascal, Cucherat, Michel, and Guez, David
Published: 2004
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31. Simulation des essais cliniques dans le développement des médicaments

Author: Boissel, J.-P., Cucherat, M., Durrleman, S., Girard, P., Guez, D., Koen, R., Laveille, C., Mathiex-Fortunet, H., Micallef, J., Missoum, N., Paintaud, G., Perault, M.-C., Tansey, M., Thomas, J.-L., Treluyer, J.-M., Variol, Ph., Waegemans, T., Girard, Pascal, Cucherat, Michel, and Guez, David
Published: 2004
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32. Mass-Losing AGB Stars and Young Stars in the Isogal Survey

Author: Omont, A., primary, Caillaud, B., additional, Fouque, P., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Ojha, D., additional, Perault, M., additional, Seguin, P., additional, Simon, G., additional, and Wyse, R. F. G., additional
Published: 1998
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33. Effects of inhaled salbutamol in exercising non-asthmatic athletes

Author: Goubault, C, Perault, M-C, Leleu, E, Bouquet, S, Legros, P, Vandel, B, and Denjean, A
Published: 2001

34. French SKA White Book - The French Community towards the Square Kilometre Array

Author: Acero, F., T Acquaviva, J., Adam, R., Aghanim, N., Allen, Mark G., Alves, M., Ammanouil, R., Ansari, R., Araudo, A., Armengaud, E., Ascaso, B., Athanassaoula, E., Aubert, D., Babak, S., Bacmann, A., Banday, A., Barriere, K., Bellossi, F., P Bernard, J., Bernardini, M. G., Bethermin, M., Blanc, E., Blanchet, L., Bobin, J., Samuel Boissier, Boisson, C., Boselli, A., Bosma, A., Bosse, S., Bottinelli, S., Boulanger, F., Remy Boyer, Bracco, A., Briand, C., Bucher, M., Buat, V., Cambresy, L., Caillat, M., M Casandjian, J., Caux, E., Celestin, S., Cerruti, M., Charlot, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chaty, S., Christensen, N., Ciesla, L., Clerc, N., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Ismaël Cognard, Combes, F., Comis, B., Corbel, S., Cordier, B., Coriat, M., Courtin, R., Courtois, H., Da Silva, B., Emanuele Daddi, Richard Dallier, Dartois, E., Demyk, K., M Denis, J., Denis, L., Djannati-Atai, A., F Donati, J., Douspis, M., Driel, W., El Korso, M. N., Falgarone, E., Fantina, A. F., Farges, T., Anthony Ferrari, Ferrari, C., Ferrière, K., Flamary, R., Gac, N., Gauffre, S., Genova, F., Girard, J., Grenier, I., Jean-Mathias Grießmeier, Guillard, P., Lucas Guillemot, Gulminelli, F., Gusdorf, A., Habart, E., Hammer, F., Hennebelle, P., Fabrice Herpin, Hervet, O., Hughes, A., Ilbert, O., Janvier, M., Eric Josselin, Julier, A., Lachaud, C., Guilaine Lagache, Lallement, R., Lambert, S., Lamy, L., Pascal Larzabal, Lavaux, G., Le Bertre, T., Le Fèvre, O., Le Tiec, A., Lefloch, B., Lehnert, M., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Levrier, F., Limousin, M., Lis, D., López-Sepulcre, A., Macías-Pérez, J., Magneville, C., Marcowith, A., Jérôme Margueron, Marquette, G., Marshall, D., Martin, L., Mary, D., Masson, S., Maurogordato, S., Mazauric, C., Mellier, Y., A Miville-Deschênes, M., Montier, L., Mottez, F., Mourard, D., Nesvadba, N., F Nezan, J., Noterdaeme, P., Novak, J., Ocvirk, P., Oertel, M., Xavier Olive, Ollier, V., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Pandey-Pommier, M., Pennec, Y., Perault, M., Peroux, C., Petit, P., Petri, J., Petiteau, A., Pety, J., Pratt, G. W., Puech, M., Benjamin Quertier, Erwan Raffin, Rakotozafy Harison, S., Rawson, S., Renaud, M., Benoît Revenu, Richard, C., Richard, J., Rincon, F., Ristorcelli, I., Rodriguez, J., Schultheis, M., Schimd, C., Semelin, B., Sol, H., L Starck, J., Michel Tagger, Tasse, C., Gilles Theureau, Torchinsky, S., Vastel, C., Vergani, S. D., Verstraete, L., Vigouroux, X., Vilmer, N., P Vilotte, J., Webb, N., Ysard, N., Philippe Zarka, Mathieu Langer, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The MITRE corporation, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire sur les Interactions Véhicules-Infrastructure-Conducteurs (LIVIC), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité (INRETS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF), Laboratoire des Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles (BIAF), Université d'Angers (UA), Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique (ex SEDI) (DEDI), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Observatories [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille (CRIStAL) - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Centrale de Lille, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Laboratoire d'Énergétique Moléculaire et Macroscopique, Combustion (EM2C), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), M2A 2018, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), RTM - Alpes de Haute Provence - Digne les Bains, ONF - RTM - Alpes de Haute Provence - Digne les Bains, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Détection et de Géophysique (CEA) (LDG), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), FORMATION STELLAIRE 2018, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), service hématologie Nantes, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Groupe de Recherche en Astronomie et Astrophysique du Languedoc (GRAAL), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Gustave Eiffel (UNIV GUSTAVE EIFFEL), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Department of Plant Biology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, University of Sofia, Thales Alenia Space - TAS (Toulouse, France), Thales (France), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN), Laboratoire de Radioastronomie (LRA), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alcatel Vacuum Technology, ALCATEL, SUBATECH - Radiochimie, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Univ Toulouse UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Centre Etud Spatiale Rayonnements Toulouse, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles (BIAF), Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique pour la Physique (ex SEDI) (DEDIP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Chaire Galaxies et cosmologie, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University = Kongelige Veterinær- og Landbohøjskole (KVL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Carnegie Institution for Science, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France - Chaire Galaxies et cosmologie, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Laboratoire Hubert Curien (LHC), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Alenia Space [Toulouse] (TAS), THALES [France], Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), C. Ferrari, G. Lagache, S. Gauffre, G. Marquette, J.-M. Martin, B. Semelin, M. Alves, K. Ferrière, M.-A. Miville-Deschenes, L. Montier, E. Josselin, N. Vilmer, P. Zarka, S. Corbel, S. Vergani, S. Lambert, G. Theureau, S. Bosse, A. Ferrari, and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract: Editor in chief: C. Ferrari; Editors: M. Alves, S. Bosse, S. Corbel, A. Ferrari, K. Ferri\`ere, S. Gauffre, E. Josselin, G. Lagache, S. Lambert, G. Marquette, J.-M. Martin, M.-A. Miville-Desch\^enes, L. Montier, B. Semelin, G. Theureau, S. Vergani, N. Vilmer, P. Zarka; Original file with high resolution figures at SKA-France link: https://ska-france.oca.eu/images/SKA-France-Media/FWB_051017.pdf; International audience; The "Square Kilometre Array" (SKA) is a large international radio telescope project characterised, as suggested by its name, by a total collecting area of approximately one square kilometre, and consisting of several interferometric arrays to observe at metric and centimetric wavelengths. The deployment of the SKA will take place in two sites, in South Africa and Australia, and in two successive phases. From its Phase 1, the SKA will be one of the most formidable scientific machines ever deployed by mankind, and by far the most impressive in terms of data throughput and required computing power. With the participation of almost 200 authors from forty research institutes and six private companies, the publication of this French SKA white paper illustrates the strong involvement in the SKA project of the French astronomical community and of a rapidly growing number of major scientific and technological players in the fields of Big Data, high performance computing, energy production and storage, as well as system integration.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Minor and clinically non-significant interaction between toloxatone and amitriptyline

Author: Vandel, S., Bertschy, G., Perault, M. C., Sandoz, M., Bouquet, S., Chakroun, R., Guibert, S., and Vandel, B.
Published: 1993
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36. A calculation of confusion noise due to infrared cirrus

Author: Gautier, T. N., III, Boulanger, Francois, Perault, M, and Puget, J. L
Subjects: Astronomy
Abstract: General expressions are developed for the statistical errors to be expected in photometric measurements due to confusion in a background of fluctuating surface brightness. Backgrounds actually observed in the far IR by the IRAS satellite are used to calculate tables of these error expressions for two simple measurement techniques. The confusion-noise-limited sensitivities for NASA's planned Space IR Telescope Facility and the ESA's IR Space Observatory are estimated at a wavelength of 100 microns from these tables.
Published: 1992
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37. Plasma levels of clozapine and desmethylclozapine are unaffected by concomitant ingestion of grapefruit juice

Author: Vandel, S., Netillard, C., Perault, M. C., and Bel, A. M.
Published: 2000
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38. Some of the Problems Raised by CO and HCO+ Observations in the RHO Ophiuchi Cloud

Author: Pérault, M., Falgarone, E., Roger, R. S., editor, and Dewdney, Peter E., editor
Published: 1982
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39. Mid-IR Emission of the Interstellar Medium

Author: Boulanger, F., Pérault, M., Puget, J. L., and Israel, Frank P., editor
Published: 1986
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40. Structure and Physics of Cool Giant Molecular Complexes

Author: Falgarone, E., Pérault, M., Morfill, G. E., editor, and Scholer, M., editor
Published: 1987
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41. Infrared emission from the solar neighborhood

Author: Boulanger, F., Pérault, M., Araki, H., editor, Ehlers, J., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Kippenhahn, R., editor, Weidenmüller, H. A., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, and Lawrence, Andrew, editor
Published: 1988
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42. Is the Noxious Hemolytic Effect of Copper a Result of Lipoperoxidation?

Author: Tallineau, C., Chahboun, S., Perault, M. C., Reiss, D., Piriou, A., Chambers, Philip L., editor, Chambers, Claire M., editor, and Dirheimer, Guy, editor
Published: 1988
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43. Herschel/HIFI discovery of interstellar chloronium (H2Cl+) [Letter]

Author: Lis, D. C., Pearson, J. C., Neufeld, D. A., Schilke, P., Mueller, H. S. P., Gupta, H., Bell, T. A., Comito, C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Ceccarelli, C., Goldsmith, P. F., Blake, G. A., Bacmann, A., Baudry, A., Benedettini, M., Benz, A., Black, J., Boogert, A., Bottinelli, S., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Castets, A., Caux, E., Cernicharo, J., Codella, C., Coutens, A., Crimier, N., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Demyk, K., Dominic, C., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Fuente, A., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Helmich, F., Hennebelle, P., Henning, Th., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Hjalmarson, A., Hollenbach, D., Jack, T., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Kahane, C., Kama, M., Kaufman, M., Klotz, A., Langer, W. D., Larsson, B., Le Bourlot, J., Lefloch, B., Le Petit, F., Li, D., Liseau, R., Lord, S. D., Lorenzani, A., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Nagy, Z., Nisini, B., Ossenkopf, V., Pacheco, S., Pagani, L., Parise, Berengere, Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Roueff, E., Salez, M., Sandqvist, A., Saraceno, P., Schlemmer, S., Schuster, K., Snell, R., Stutzki, J., Tielens, A., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., van der Wiel, M. H. D., van Dishoeck, E., Vastel, C., Viti, S., Wakelam, V., Walters, A., Wang, S., Wyrowski, F., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Delorme, Y., Desbat, J. -P., Guesten, R., Krieg, J. -M., and Delforge, B.
Subjects: QB
Abstract: We report the first detection of chloronium, H2Cl+, in the interstellar medium, using the HIFI instrument aboard the Herschel Space Observatory. The 212–101 lines of ortho-HCl+ and ortho-HCl+ are detected in absorption towards NGC 6334I, and the 111–000 transition of para-HCl+ is detected in absorption towards NGC 6334I and Sgr B2(S). The H2Cl+ column densities are compared to those of the chemically-related species HCl. The derived HCl/H2Cl+ column density ratios, ~1–10, are within the range predicted by models of diffuse and dense photon dominated regions (PDRs). However, the observed H2Cl+ column densities, in excess of 1013 cm-2, are significantly higher than the model predictions. Our observations demonstrate the outstanding spectroscopic capabilities of HIFI for detecting new interstellar molecules and providing key constraints for astrochemical models.
Published: 2010

44. Excitation and abundance of C3 in star forming cores. Herschel/HIFI observations of the sight-lines to W31C and W49N

Author: Mookerjea, B., Giesen, T., Stutzki, J., Cernicharo, J., Goicoechea, J. R., De Luca, M., Bell, T. A., Gupta, H., Gerin, M., Persson, C. M., Sonnentrucker, P., Makai, Z., Black, J., Boulanger, F., Coutens, A., Dartois, E., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Geballe, T., Godard, B., Goldsmith, P. F., Gry, C., Hennebelle, P., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, Pierre, Joblin, C., Kazmierczak, M., Kolos, R., Krelowski, J., Lis, D. C., Martin-Pintado, J., Menten, K. M., Monje, R., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Schmidt, M., Teyssier, D., Vastel, C., Yu, S., Dieleman, P., Güsten, R., Honingh, C. E., Morris, P., Roelfsema, P., Schieder, R., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Zmuidzinas, J., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2010

45. Detection of OH+ and H2O+ towards Orion KL

Author: Gupta, H., Rimmer, P., Pearson, J.C., Yu, S., Herbst, E., Harada, N., Bergin, E.A., Neufeld, D.A., Melnick, G.J., Bachiller, R., Bells, T.A., Blake, G.A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Chattopadhyay, G., Comito, C., Cabrit, S., Crockett, N.R., Daniel, F., Falgarone, E., Diez-Gonzalez, M.C., Dubernet, M.-L., Erickson, N., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Gill, J.J., Giesen, T.F., Goicoechea, J.R., Goldsmith, P.F., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W.D., Larsson, B., Latter, W.B., Lin, R.J., Lis, D.C., Liseau, R., Lord, S.D., Maiwald, F.W., Maret, S., Martin, P.G., Martin-Pintado, J., Menten, K.M., Morris, P., Muller, H.S.P., Murphy, J.A., Nordh, L.H., Olberg, M., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Perault, M., Phillips , T.G., Plume, R., Qin, S.-L., Salez, M., Samoska, L.A., Schilke, P., Schlecht, E., Schlemmer, S., Szczerba, R., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F.F.S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H.W., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Honigh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J.-M., Schieder, R., and Zaal, P.
Subjects: Experimental Physics
Abstract: We report observations of the reactive molecular ions OH+, H2O+, and H3O+ towards Orion KL with Herschel/HIFI. All three N = 1−0 finestructure transitions of OH+ at 909, 971, and 1033 GHz and both fine-structure components of the doublet ortho-H2O+ 111−000 transition at 1115 and 1139 GHz were detected; an upper limit was obtained for H3O+. OH+ and H2O+ are observed purely in absorption, showing a narrow component at the source velocity of 9 km s−1, and a broad blueshifted absorption similar to that reported recently for HF and para-H18 2 O, and attributed to the low velocity outflow of Orion KL.We estimate column densities of OH+ and H2O+ for the 9 kms−1 component of 9±3×1012 cm−2 and 7±2×1012 cm−2, and those in the outflow of 1.9±0.7×1013 cm−2 and 1.0±0.3×1013 cm−2. Upper limits of 2.4×1012 cm−2 and 8.7×1012 cm−2 were derived for the column densities of ortho and para-H3O+ from transitions near 985 and 1657 GHz. The column densities of the three ions are up to an order of magnitude lower than those obtained from recent observations ofW31C and W49N. The comparatively low column densities may be explained by a higher gas density despite the assumption of a very high ionization rate.
Published: 2010

46. CH+(1-0) and 13CH+(1-0) absorption lines in the direction of massive star-forming regions

Author: Falgarone, E., Godard, B., Cernicharo, J., De Luca, M., Gerin, M., Phillips, T. G., Black, J. H., Lis, D. C., Bell, T. A., Boulanger, F., Coutens, A., Dartois, E., Encrenaz, P., Giesen, T., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Gry, C., Hennebelle, P., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, Pierre, Joblin, C., Kazmierczak, M., Kolos, R., Krelowski, J., Martin-Pintado, J., Monje, R., Mookerjea, B., Neufeld, D. A., Perault, M., Pearson, J. C., Persson, C., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schmidt, M., Sonnentrucker, P., Stutzki, J., Teyssier, D., Vastel, C., Yu, S., Menten, K., Geballe, T. R., Schlemmer, S., Shipman, R., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Philipp, S., Cros, A., Zmuidzinas, J., Samoska, L. A., Klein, K., Lorenzani, A., Szczerba, R., Péron, I., Cais, Ph., Gaufre, P., Ravera, L., Morris, P., Lord, S., Planesas, P., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2010

47. VO Paris Federation

Author: Simon, G., Dubernet, M. L., Le Sidaner, P., Aboudarham, J., Barache, C., Berthier, J., Boone, F., Borsenberger, J., Caillat, M., Igor Chilingarian, Crovisier, J., Dantel-Fort, M., Debatz, B., Dedieu, C., Egret, D., Gontier, A. M., Guibert, J., Guillaume, D., Haigron, R., Hennebelle, P., Jegouzo, I., Lainey, V., Le Bourlot, J., Le Petit, F., Martin, J. M., Micheneau, P., Moreau, N., Pelat, D., Perault, M., Prugniel, P., Renié, C., Roques, F., Royer, F., Schneider, J., Tajahmady, F., Theureau, G., Thuillot, W., Tran-Minh, F., Vachier, F., Vetois, J., Viallefond, F., Baillard, A., Bertin, E., Desert, J. M., Ferlet, R., Hebrard, G., Magnard, F., Malapert, J. -C, Marquette, J. B., Marmo, C., Mellier, Y., Sarkissian, A., Mccracken, H., Lesquoy, E., Didelon, P., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénieurs, Techniciens et Administratifs, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Physique solaire, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe Astrométrie et Planétologie (GAP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEA- Saclay (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), C. Gabriel, C. Arviset, D. Ponz and E. Solano, eds., Henry, Florence, and C. Gabriel, C. Arviset, D. Ponz and E. Solano, eds.
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], PADC
Abstract: International audience; VO Paris Federation is a partnership between Paris Obser-vatory, IAP, IPSL and CEA. Its objectives are to provide VO access toits databases ressources, contribute to international standards develop-ments, implement VO compliant simulation codes and data visualisa-tion and analysis software. The various activities are organised into por-tals whose functions are (i) to provide visibility and information on theprojects and (ii) to encourage collaborations. The portals are linked tothematic activities and resources: solar system (ephemerides, astrometry,physical characteristic of small bodies of the solar system, planetology),reference systems, exoplanet database, legacy (archives from the Nan ̧cayRadio Telescope, some specific data from the DENIS and EROS surveys,MAMA), solar physics, stellar and galactic databases and services, atomicand molecular databases and services, simulation codes and data analysis.
Published: 2005

48. ISOCAM and molecular observations of the edge of the Horsehead nebula

Author: Abergel, A., Teyssier, D., Bernard, J. P., Boulanger, F., Coulais, A., Fosse, D., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Perault, M., Puget, J.-L., and Persi,P.,et al.
Subjects: Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present ISOCAM observations (5-18 mu m) of the Horsehead nebula, together with observations of the (J=1-0) and (J=2-1) transitions of 12CO, 13CO and C18O taken at the IRAM 30-m telescope. The Horsehead nebula presents a typical photodissociation region illuminated by the O9.5 V system sigma Ori. The ISOCAM emission is due to very small particles transiently heated to high temperature each time they absorb a UV photon. A very sharp filament (width: ~ 10'' or ~ 0.02 pc) is detected by ISOCAM at the illuminated edge of the nebula. This filament is due to a combined effect of steep increase of the column density and extinction of incident radiation, on typical sizes below ~ 0.01 pc. Both the three-dimensional shape and the local density of the illuminated interface are strongly constrained. The dense material forming the edge of the Horsehead nebula appears illuminated edge-on by sigma Ori, and the particles located beyond the border should not be affected by the incident radiation field. This structure may be due to dense filaments in the parental cloud which have shielded the material located in their shadow from the photo-dissociating radiations. The measurement of the penetration depth of the incident radiation from the infrared data (~ 0.01 pc) gives a density of a few 104 cm-3 just behind the bright filament. This value is comparable to the estimate of the density beyond the edge and deduced from our molecular observations, and also to the density behind the ionization front calculated in the stationary case. The material behind the illuminated edge could also be non-homogeneous, with clump sizes significantly smaller than the observed penetration depth of ~0.01 pc. In that case no upper limit on the average density just behind the illuminated edge can be given.
Published: 2003

49. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS) : detecting spiral arm clouds by CH absorption lines

Author: Qin, S. -L, Schilke, P., Comito, C., Moeller, T., Rolffs, R., Mueller, H. S. P., Belloche, A., Menten, K. M., Lis, D. C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Bell, T. A., Crockett, N. R., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L, Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Guesten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M, Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, Lennart H., Gill, J. L., Chattopadhyay, G., Qin, S. -L, Schilke, P., Comito, C., Moeller, T., Rolffs, R., Mueller, H. S. P., Belloche, A., Menten, K. M., Lis, D. C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Bell, T. A., Crockett, N. R., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L, Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Guesten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M, Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, Lennart H., Gill, J. L., and Chattopadhyay, G.
Abstract: We have observed CH absorption lines (J = 3/2, N = 1 <- J = 1/2, N = 1) against the continuum source Sgr B2(M) using the Herschel/HIFI instrument. With the high spectral resolution and wide velocity coverage provided by HIFI, 31 CH absorption features with different radial velocities and line widths are detected and identified. The narrower line width and lower column density clouds show "spiral arm" cloud characteristics, while the absorption component with the broadest line width and highest column density corresponds to the gas from the Sgr B2 envelope. The observations show that each "spiral arm" harbors multiple velocity components, indicating that the clouds are not uniform and that they have internal structure. This line-of-sight through almost the entire Galaxy offers unique possibilities to study the basic chemistry of simple molecules in diffuse clouds, as a variety of different cloud classes are sampled simultaneously. We find that the linear relationship between CH and H-2 column densities found at lower AV by UV observations does not continue into the range of higher visual extinction. There, the curve flattens, which probably means that CH is depleted in the denser cores of these clouds., authorCount :70
Published: 2010
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50. Reversal of infall in SgrB2(M) revealed by Herschel/HIFI observations of HCN lines at THz frequencies

Author: Rolffs, R., Schilke, P., Comito, C., Bergin, E. A., van der Tak, F. F. S., Lis, D. C., Qin, S. -L, Menten, K. M., Guesten, R., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L, Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Mueller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, Lennart H., Gill, J. J., Chattopadhyay, G., Rolffs, R., Schilke, P., Comito, C., Bergin, E. A., van der Tak, F. F. S., Lis, D. C., Qin, S. -L, Menten, K. M., Guesten, R., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L, Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Mueller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, Lennart H., Gill, J. J., and Chattopadhyay, G.
Abstract: Aims. To investigate the accretion and feedback processes in massive star formation, we analyze the shapes of emission lines from hot molecular cores, whose asymmetries trace infall and expansion motions. Methods. The high-mass star forming region SgrB2(M) was observed with Herschel/HIFI (HEXOS key project) in various lines of HCN and its isotopologues, complemented by APEX data. The observations are compared to spherically symmetric, centrally heated models with density power-law gradient and different velocity fields (infall or infall+expansion), using the radiative transfer code RATRAN. Results. The HCN line profiles are asymmetric, with the emission peak shifting from blue to red with increasing J and decreasing line opacity (HCN to (HCN)-C-13). This is most evident in the HCN 12-11 line at 1062 GHz. These line shapes are reproduced by a model whose velocity field changes from infall in the outer part to expansion in the inner part. Conclusions. The qualitative reproduction of the HCN lines suggests that infall dominates in the colder, outer regions, but expansion dominates in the warmer, inner regions. We are thus witnessing the onset of feedback in massive star formation, starting to reverse the infall and finally disrupting the whole molecular cloud. To obtain our result, the THz lines uniquely covered by HIFI were critically important., authorCount :57[
Published: 2010
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