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In this study, residual stress distributions and fatigue performances of electromagnetic driving dynamic cold expansion (DCE) open-holed sheets were investigated. Fatigue behaviors were tested, and residual stress fields were obtained experimentally and numerically. Furthermore, a fatigue life prediction method based on three-dimensional stress distribution was proposed. Results showed that DCE method extended higher fatigue life and produced more uniform residual stress along hole axial direction than static cold expansion (SCE) method. The stress distribution differences led to different fatigue crack initiation and propagation modes of DCE and SCE specimens. Uniform stress distributions along axial direction in DCE specimens contributed to random initiations and horizontal propagations of fatigue cracks, while the fatigue cracks in SCE specimens usually initiated at the mandrel entrance layer and propagated to the mandrel exit layer. Moreover, the predicted fatigue life results agreed well with experimental data.

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is a common renal malignancy that has a poor prognosis. As a member of the F box family, cyclin F (CCNF) plays an important regulatory role in normal tissues and tumors. However, the underlying mechanism by which CCNF promotes KIRC proliferation still remains unclear.Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to obtain gene expression and clinical prognosis data. The CCK8 assay, EdU assay, and xenograft assay were used to detect cell proliferation. The cell senescence and potential mechanism were assessed by SA-β-gal staining, Western blotting, as well as ELISA.Our data showed that CCNF was highly expressed in KIRC patients. Meanwhile, downregulation of CCNF inhibited cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. Further studies showed that the reduction of CCNF promoted cell senescence by decreasing cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), increasing the proinflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, and then enhancing the expression of p21 and p53.We propose that the high expression of CCNF in KIRC may play a key role in tumorigenesis by regulating cell senescence. Therefore, CCNF shows promise as a new biomarker to predict the clinical prognosis of KIRC patients and as an effective therapeutic target.

Carvedilol is a drug for the treatment of congestive heart failure whose solubility in solvent and crystallization process are poorly understood. In this study, the solubilities of carvedilol in wa...

Effects of cooling rates on the morphology, sizes and species of primary vanadium-containing phases in Al-10V master alloys were investigated. The results show that the primary vanadium-containing phases with different morphologies and compositions present in Al-10V master alloys at different cooling rates with the pouring temperature of 1,170 °C. When the Al-10V master alloy is solidified in the refractory mold at a cooling rate of 2 °C·s−1, the vanadium-containing phases are mainly plate-like Al10V phases, with the average size of 100.0 urn in the center and 93.2 urn at the edge of the ingot. When the master alloy is solidified in the graphite mold at a cooling rate of 24.3 °Cs−1, the primary vanadium-containing phases are dendritic Al3V phases, with the average length of 297.0 µm for the first dendrite in the center and 275.0 µm at the edge of the ingot. The secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) is 9.5 µm in the center and 9.3 µm at the edge of the ingot, respectively. When the solidification is carried out in the copper mould at a cooling rate of 45.7 °C·s−1, the primary vanadium-containing phases are also Al3V phases but with smaller size, compared with that prepared at the cooling rate of 24.3 °Cs−1. As a result, the average length is 190.0 µm for the first dendrite in the center and 150.0 µm at the edge of the ingot. The SDAS is 9.8 µm in the center and 4.4 µm at the edge of the ingot, respectively.

Air lubrication by means of a bottom cavity is a promising method for ship drag reduction. The characteristics of the bottom cavity are sensitive to the flow field around the ship hull and the effect of drag reduction, especially the depth of the bottom cavity. In this study, a ship model experiment of a bulk carrier is conducted in a towing tank using the method of air layer drag reduction (ALDR) with different bottom cavity depths. The shape of the air layer is observed, and the changes in resistance are measured. The model experiments produce results of approximately 20% for the total drag reduction at the ship design speed for a 25-mm cavity continuously supplied with air at Cq = 0.224 in calm water, and the air layer covers the whole cavity when the air flow rate is suitable. In a regular head wave, the air layer is easily broken and reduces the drag reduction rate in short waves, particularly when λ/Lw1 is close to one; however, it still has a good drag reduction effect in the long waves.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic bone disease which is characterized by loss of bone mineral content, decreased bone density, destruction of bone microstructure, and declined bone biomechanical evaluation index. In recent years, it was shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are involved in the form of exosomes, which has become a hot spot in the research of the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. In this study, we intend to explore the effects of exosomes derived from MSCs on osteoblast apoptosis and OP. MSC-derived exosomes were obtained by ultracentrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Exosomes were used to treat osteoblasts to observe cell apoptosis. The expression of apoptosis-related protein was detected by Western blot. Cell viability was examined by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL staining. TEM confirmed successfully extracted MSCs-derived exosomes. Exosomes intervention significantly reduced the expression of apoptosis-related pro-apoptotic proteins cytochrome c and caspase3, enhanced cell viability, and attenuated cell apoptosis in osteoblasts. MSCs-derived exosomes can inhibit osteoblasts apoptosis by suppressing apoptosis signaling pathways, thus improving osteoporosis, indicating that they might be used for the treatment of osteoporosis.

Titanium alloys have become the material of choice for marine parts manufacturing due to their high specific strength and excellent resistance to seawater corrosion. However, it is still challenging for a single titanium alloy to meet the comprehensive specifications of a structural component. In this study, we have applied a molecular dynamics approach to simulate the aging phase transformation, K-TIG welding process, and mechanical properties of the TC4-TA17 (Ti6Al4V-Ti4Al2V) alloy. The results show that during the aging phase transformation process, changes in the structure of the titanium alloys are mainly manifested in the precipitation of a new phase from the sub-stable β-phase, and after the state stabilization, the α-phase content reaches 45%. Moreover, during the melting and diffusion process of TC4-TA17, aluminum atoms near the interface diffuse, followed by titanium atoms, while relatively few vanadium atoms are involved in the diffusion. Finally, the results of tensile simulations of the TC4-TA17 alloy after welding showed that stress values can reach up to 9.07 GPa and that the mechanical properties of the alloy in the weld zone are better than those of the single alloys under the same conditions. This study will provide theoretical support for the optimization of process parameters for TC4-TA17 alloy welding.

// Zheng-Shui Xu 1, * , Fa-Peng Zhang 2, * , Yin Zhang 3 , Yong-Peng Ou-Yang 3 , Xiao-Wen Yu 3 , Wen-Long Wang 3 , Wen-Ji Xu 3 and Zhi-Qiang Luo 3 1 Department of General Surgery, GuangRen Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710000, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2 Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 3 Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China * These authors contributed equally to this study and share first authorship Correspondence to: Zhi-Qiang Luo, email: Zqluo999@163.com Wen-Ji Xu, email: 972903941@qq.com Keywords: PLR, pancreatic cancer, overall survival, meta-analysis Received: December 20, 2016 Accepted: September 03, 2017 Published: September 14, 2017 ABSTRACT Background and Aims: Recently, the pre-treatment platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), which is based on blood parameters, was accepted as a prognostic factor for patients with various cancers. Numerous studies have investigated the prognostic role of the PLR in pancreatic cancer; however, it remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between the pre-treatment PLR and overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer. Materials and Methods: We performed a systematic literature search of the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases for relevant studies that explored the prognostic role of the pre-treatment PLR in pancreatic cancer. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) related to OS were pooled using a random effects model. Results: Fourteen retrospective cohort studies involving 2,260 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with low PLR, high PLR was a predictor of shorter OS (HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.10–1.39, I 2 = 74%). Conclusions: In this meta-analysis, high pre-treatment PLR was a bio-predictor of short OS in patients with pancreatic cancer, suggesting that PLR could be used to predict prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer before treatment. However, additional well-designed and large-scale studies are necessary.

Nowadays, the recommendation algorithm has been used in lots of information systems and Internet applications. The recommendation algorithm can pick out the information that users are interested in. However, most traditional recommendation algorithms only consider the precision as the evaluation metric of the performance. Actually, the metrics of diversity and novelty are also very important for recommendation. Unfortunately, there is a conflict between precision and diversity in most cases. To balance these two metrics, some multi-objective evolutionary algorithms are applied to the recommendation algorithm. In this paper, we firstly put forward a kind of topic diversity metric. Then, we propose a novel multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for recommendation systems, called PMOEA. In PMOEA, we present a new probabilistic genetic operator. Through the extensive experiments, the results demonstrate that the combination of PMOEA and the recommendation algorithm can achieve a good balance between precision and diversity. A new topic diversity indicator is introduced, which can be used to measure various kinds of items in a recommendation list.A new probabilistic multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (PMOEA) is presented, which is suitable for the recommendation systems.A new crossover operator is proposed to generate new solution, called the multi-parent probability genetic operator.The experimental results show that PMOEA can achieve a good balance between precision and diversity.

It has important scientific value and practical significance to explore the characteristics of the cadmium accumulation in rice at different growth stages for safely producing rice. In this study, cadmium accumulation in rice at different growth periods, cadmium distribution in different parts of the rice and the intrinsic relationship between them were investigated by water culture experiment with low concentration of exogenous cadmium addition at different growth stages of rice. The cadmium could accumulate at a relatively high content at booting and heading stage of rice after exposure to exogenous cadmium indicating that the booting and heading stage were the key period of cadmium accumulation in rice. At the heading stage, the cadmium stress had the most significant effect on the cadmium accumulation rate of rice, reaching a maximum of 3.41 μg·clump-1· d-1. The contributions of cadmium stress to the cadmium accumulation in the booting and heading stage were higher. In those two stages, the contributions rate of the Zhong Jiazao 17 was 40.51%, 31.66% and the Xiang Wanxian 13 was 37.97%, 35.46% respectively. The study could provide valuable implications for control of cadmium pollution in rice field.

In this paper, Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (TIG) and single-sided welding and double-sided forming have been used to weld the 7A05-T6/5A06-O dissimilar aluminum alloy circular welded joint of a ring-stiffened closed cylindrical sandwich shell. Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of welded joints were investigated by use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), backscatter electron diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. Hardness distribution and tensile properties of the welded joints were examined. The results showed the failure of the welded joints produced in the fusion zone (FZ). The tensile strength and yield strength of the welded joints were, respectively, 78.87% and 97.24% of the 5A06-O base metal (BM), and the elongation reached 84.29% of 7A05-T6 base metal. Welding high heat input led to the coarse grain size in the fusion zone, and the long-term similar quenching effect can lead to the full dissolution of the strengthening zone of the fusion zone resulting in the reductions of strength and hardness. Around 7A05 heat-affected zone (HAZ), there is an obvious hardening zone and softening zone, the solid solution precipitates into the Rayleigh brilliant &eta, &prime, (MgZn2) phase, which results in natural aging strengthening, thus obtaining high hardness. &eta, (MgZn2) enhanced phase dissolved fully and the dislocation density decreased rapidly in the HAZ region resulted in a softening zone with a lower hardness at about (10&ndash, 18) mm from the center of the weld center.

Technology has an influence on people’s lives, as the development and application of technology, people’s lives, recreation, and the way of learned have a great change in recent decades. At present, as a mean of communication, mobile phones have entered many aspects of people’s live, such as communication, entertainment, internet business, and learning. However people reverse the positions of the host and the guest, and depend on it. This thesis expounds the influence of mobile phones on college students’ learning and life through investigating the students’ dependence of mobile phones in Sanya Aviation & Tourism College, and drew a conclusion that college students have a depth of dependency on mobile phone. The results showed that some college students have a depth of de-pendency on mobile phones, they always use mobile phones as the main tools for internet and entertainment, at the same time, more and more college students are willing to communicate with friends on the Internet instead of communicating face to face; and we also found that female college students have a higher de-pendency than that of male college students; and the price of mobile phone, online time and spending are positively correlated with mobile phones dependency, which also can directly reflected the dependency on mobile phones; Finally, we found that the higher dependency on mobile phone, the greater influence of study and life. This shows that mobile phones have a depth of dependency on college students, and far from its basic function. And mobile phone has a main affect up-on college students’ learning and life. Using mobile phone reasonable can be beneficial to the college students’ life and study.

Accumulating data suggest that sodium-hydrogen exchangers (NHEs) play a key role in modulating seizure activity by regulating neuronal pH in the brain. Amiloride, an inhibitor of NHEs, has been demonstrated to be effective in many seizure models, although its efficacy for prolonged febrile seizures (FS) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether amiloride could produce neuroprotective effects in a prolonged FS model in which FS were induced in rat pups at postnatal day 10 using a heated air approach. Amiloride was administered by intraperitoneal injection at three different doses (0.65, 1.3 and 2.6 mg/kg). Pretreatment with amiloride significantly delayed the onset of the first episode of limbic seizures, whereas posttreatment with amiloride decreased escape latency in the Morris water maze test compared to post-FS treatment with saline. Amiloride also inhibited seizure-induced aberrant neurogenesis. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the antiseizure activity of amiloride. In particular, posttreatment with amiloride resulted in cognitive improvement; this finding provides crucial evidence of the neuroprotective function of amiloride and of the therapeutic potential of amiloride in FS.

// Xiong Lei 1, * , Yun-feng Li 1, * , Guo-dong Chen 1 , Di-peng Ou 2 , Xiao-xin Qiu 3 , Chao-hui Zuo 3 , Lian-Yue Yang 1, 2 1 Liver Cancer Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China 2 Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China 3 Department of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Lian-Yue Yang, e-mail: lianyueyang@hotmail.com Keywords: Ack1, hepatocellular carcinoma, prognosis, metastasis Received: May 11, 2015 Accepted: September 28, 2015 Published: October 20, 2015 ABSTRACT Despite the substantial data supporting the oncogenic role of Ack1, the predictive value and biologic role of Ack1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis remains unknown. In this study, both correlations of Ack1 expression with prognosis of HCC, and the role of Ack1 in metastasis of HCC were investigated in vitro and in vivo . Our results showed that Ack1 was overexpressed in human HCC tissues and cell lines. High Ack1 expression was associated with HCC metastasis and determined as a significant and independent prognostic factor for HCC after liver resection. Ack1 promoted HCC invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo . Mechanistically, we confirmed that Ack1 enhanced invasion and metastasis of HCC via EMT by mediating AKT phosphorylation. In conclusion, our study shows Ack1 is a novel prognostic biomarker for HCC and promotes metastasis of HCC via EMT by activating AKT signaling.

We sought to demonstrate the in vivo transduction efficiency and tropism range in astrocytes of a combined-serotype adeno associated virus (AAV2/5/7/8/9). To control expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), a 1740bp glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter was obtained and ligated into vectors of each AAV serotype (2/5/7/8/9). Purified AAVs were then injected into the somatosensory cortex of C57BL/6J mice. Cell-type specific antibodies and subsequent immunofluorescence were used to identify astrocytes (GFAP), neurons (neuronal nuclear antigen, NeuN), microglia (ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, Iba1), and oligodendrocytes (myelin basic protein, MBP), whereby, EGFP expression was measured in each cell type at 1-4 weeks post-injection. Our results indicated that the majority of astrocytes expressed EGFP, while only a small number of neurons expressed EGFP. Both microglia and oligodendrocytes lacked EGFP expression after viral injection. Quantitative analyses revealed that the percentage of EGFP-positive astrocytes was about 98% after viral injection, while the EGFP-positive neuronal percentage was less than 2%. Thus, this study shows that using a combined-serotype AAV carrying a 1740bp GFAP promoter results in successful, cell-type specific infection of the central nervous system, with robust gene expression in murine astrocytes.

// Dipeng Ou 1,* , Hao Yang 1,* , Dong Hua 1 , Shuai Xiao 1 and Lianyue Yang 2,3 1 Department of Geratic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2 Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China 3 Liver Cancer Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Dipeng Ou, email: // Keywords : TMEM100; HCC; metastasis; proliferation; prognosis Received : January 10, 2015 Accepted : April 08, 2015 Published : April 29, 2015 Abstract Transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) was activated by ALK1/TGF-β signaling. We found that TMEM100 was decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and in highly metastatic cell lines. Overexpressed of TMEM100 inhibited invasion, migration and proliferation. Low levels of TMEM100 were associated with cirrhosis, tumor size, Tumor nodule number, TNM stage, BCLC stage, Edmondson-Steiner Stage and vein invasion. Furthermore, TMEM100 was an independent risk factor for overall survival ( P = 0.03) and disease-free survival ( P = 0.019). The current findings suggest that TMEM100 functions as a tumor suppressor in HCC metastasis and proliferation.

In recent years, researchers have begun to pay more attention to the role of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1, a class III histone deacetylase) in pain. However, little research has been conducted examining the involvement of SIRT1 in chronic morphine tolerance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of spinal SIRT1 and acetyl-histone H3(Ac-H3) in chronic morphine tolerance in rats. Chronic morphine tolerance was induced by twice-daily intrathecal (i.t.) injections of morphine (10μg) for 6 days. Control rats received normal saline (NS). Resveratrol (Res, a SIRT1 stimulant, 30μg i.t.) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 10μl i.t.) was then injected on days 7-13. The thermal paw withdrawal threshold was assessed to determine the analgesic effects of morphine (10μg). qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of SIRT1 and global Ac-H3. Administration of morphine for 6 days induced a stabilized antinociceptive tolerance, down-regulated SIRT1 expression and up-regulated Ac-H3 expression in the spinal dorsal horn. Resveratrol treatment from day 7 to 13 increased SIRT1 expression, suppressed global Ac-H3 expression compared to the morphine tolerance (MT) group, and significantly reversed morphine antinociceptive tolerance. These results suggest that resveratrol reversed morphine tolerance by upregulating the expression of SIRT1 in the spinal dorsal horn. SIRT1 and global Ac-H3 in the spinal cord may play an important role in the mechanisms of chronic morphine tolerance.

A 16-core processor with both message-passing and shared-memory inter-core communication mechanisms is implemented in 65 nm CMOS. Message-passing communication is enabled in a 3 × 6 Mesh packet-switched network-on-chip, and shared-memory communication is supported using the shared memory within each cluster. The processor occupies 9.1 mm2 and operates fully functional at a clock rate of 750 MHz at 1.2 V and maximum 800 MHz at 1.3 V. Each core dissipates 34 mW under typical conditions at 750 MHz and 1.2 V while executing embedded applications such as an LDPC decoder, a 3780-point FFT module, an H.264 decoder and an LTE channel estimator.

Fatigue tests subjected to constant amplitude under the environments of dry air were performed on 5A06-O aluminum alloy, 7A05-T6 aluminum alloy and 5A06-O/7A05-T6 dissimilar aluminum alloy ring welded joints in a new type sandwich high-pressure shell. The fatigue behaviors were analyzed and compared based on the experimental data, and the mechanisms of welding defect impacts on fatigue properties of the welded joints were deduced from fractographic analysis. It is showed that welding defect has a detrimental influence on fatigue properties of the welded joints. The lower stress level can cause the more obvious decrease of fatigue life of the welded joints. Fatigue cracks of aluminum alloys base metal usually initiated at the surface defects such as two-phase particles and inclusions, and however, welding defect of welded joints are more likely to cause stress concentration and lead to the early initiation of fatigue cracks, which is dominated in decreasing of fatigue life of the welded joints.

The use of air cavities beneath ship hulls can lead to significant drag reduction. A study of air-ventilated cavities under a traffic vessel with flat bottom has been undertaken based on solving the RANS equations and VOF multiphase model. Macroscopic features in the air-cavity flow are predicted. Why the existing cavity form leads to unsatisfactory results on the traffic vessel is analyzed. The influence of parameters of artificial cavity on air cavity patterns is parametrically studied. Suggestions on improving cavity parameters and a new cavity form that can obtain stable air cavity are given, which may provide reference for the design of air cavity traffic vessels.

The power consumption is too large when the method saving energy by air injection is used on large ship because of the deep draft. The feasibility and some key matters of the implication of airfoil diversion technology on air lubrication ,such as the attack angle, the distance from the airfoil to the plate and the position of the air injection, was investigate by a numerical method. The result shows that the pressure of the air injection entrance is significantly decreased by setting an airfoil at the air injection entrance reasonably, the pressure of the plate surface declines when the distance from the plate to the airfoil is decreasing and the attack angle is increasing, however, the resistance became larger. For the airfoil 2032cjc we investigated in this paper, when d/C=0.3, the attack angle range from 6°~8°,the pressure reduces comparative large and the resistance increases small. The best position for air injection is determined by the position and attack angle of the airfoil.

The surgical resection of huge hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still controversial. This study was designed to introduce our experience of liver resection for huge HCC and evaluate the safety and outcomes of hepatectomy for huge HCC.A total of 258 hepatic resections for the patients with huge HCC were analysed retrospectively from December 2002 to December 2011. The operative outcomes were compared with 293 patients with HCC5.0 cm but10.0 cm in diameter. Prognostic factors for long-term survival were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.The 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rates after liver resection were 84, 62, and 33 %. Overall survival and disease-free survival in huge HCC group and HCC5.0 cm but10.0 cm group were similar (P = 0.751, P = 0.493). Solitary huge HCC group has significantly a more longer overall and disease-free survival time than nodular huge HCC (P = 0.026, P = 0.022). Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that the types of tumour, vascular invasion, and UICC stage were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (P = 0.047, P = 0.037, P = 0.033).Hepatic resection can be performed safely for huge HCC with a low mortality and favorable survival outcomes. Solitary huge HCC has the better surgical outcomes than nodular huge HCC.

Sodium calcium borate glass derived hydroxyapatite (G-HAP) scaffolds were prepared by dipping with polymer foam. The effects of glasses and ethyl-cellulose (EC) content on the porosity and compressive strength of the scaffolds were studied. The effects of different initial pH value and ions concentration on adsorption performance of copper ions in aqueous solutions were also investigated. The results showed that G-HAP scaffolds could immobilize copper ions in solution effectively. The mechanism of G-HAP scaffolds in immobilizing Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions was investigated by the X-ray diffraction, Infrared Spectra and Scanning electron microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectrometer.