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26. Nickel–Nitrogen–Carbon (Ni–N–C) Electrocatalysts Toward CO2 electroreduction to CO: Advances, Optimizations, Challenges, and Prospects.

Author

Pang, Qingqing, Fan, Xizheng, Sun, Kaihang, Xiang, Kun, Li, Baojun, Zhao, Shufang, Kim, Young Dok, Liu, Qiaoyun, Liu, Zhongyi, and Peng, Zhikun

Subjects
CARBON cycle, ELECTROCATALYSTS, ELECTROCATALYSIS, ELECTROLYTIC reduction, CARBON dioxide
Abstract

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 into high energy‐density fuels and value‐added chemicals under mild conditions can promote the sustainable cycle of carbon and decrease current energy and environmental problems. Constructing electrocatalyst with high activity, selectivity, stability, and low cost is really matter to realize industrial application of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR). Metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N–C), especially Ni–N–C, display excellent performance, such as nearly 100% CO selectivity, high current density, outstanding tolerance, etc., which is considered to possess broad application prospects. Based on the current research status, starting from the mechanism of ECR and the existence form of Ni active species, the latest research progress of Ni–N–C electrocatalysts in CO2 electroreduction is systematically summarized. An overview is emphatically interpreted on the regulatory strategies for activity optimization over Ni–N–C, including N coordination modulation, vacancy defects construction, morphology design, surface modification, heteroatom activation, and bimetallic cooperation. Finally, some urgent problems and future prospects on designing Ni–N–C catalysts for ECR are discussed. This review aims to provide the guidance for the design and development of Ni–N–C catalysts with practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Origin of the Increase in the Selectivity of Ru Catalysts with the Addition of Amines in the Presence of ZnSO 4 for the Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene to Cyclohexene.

Author

Sun, Haijie, Zhang, Wen, Wang, Xiaohui, Chen, Zhihao, and Peng, Zhikun

Subjects
CATALYST selectivity, RUTHENIUM catalysts, CYCLOHEXENE, HYDROGENATION, AMINES, BENZENE
Abstract

The synthesis of nylon 6 and nylon 66 can be performed, starting with the selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene, which is deemed to be environmentally friendly and cost-saving and to have higher atom efficiency. Nano-Ru catalyst was synthesized via a precipitation method. The prepared catalyst was evaluated in the selective hydrogenation of benzene toward cyclohexene generation in the presence of ZnSO4 in a liquid batch reactor. The promotion effect of the addition of amines, i.e., ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine, was investigated. The fresh and spent catalysts were thoroughly characterized by XRD, TEM, AES, N2-sorption, FT-IR, and TPR. It was found that the addition of amines could significantly improve the catalytic selectivity toward cyclohexene formation in the presence of ZnSO4. This was attributed to the formation of (Zn(OH)2)5(ZnSO4)(H2O)x (x = 0.5, 3 or 4) through the reaction between ZnSO4 and the amines, which could be chemisorbed on the Ru surface. This led to retarding the formation of cyclohexane from the complete hydrogenation of benzene and, thus, increased the catalytic selectivity toward cyclohexene synthesis. Therefore, with the presence of ZnSO4, the amount of chemisorbed (Zn(OH)2)5(ZnSO4)(H2O)x increased with increasing amounts of added amines, leading to a decline in the catalytic activity toward benzene conversion and selectivity toward cyclohexene generation. When 7.6 mmol of diethanolamine and 10 g of ZrO2 were applied, the highest cyclohexene yields of 61.6% and 77.0% of benzene conversion were achieved over the Ru catalyst. Promising stability was demonstrated after six runs of catalytic experiments without regeneration. These achievements are not only promising for industrial application but also beneficial for designing other catalytic systems for selective hydrogenation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Modulation of Mo–Fe–C Sites Over Mesoscale Diffusion‐Enhanced Hollow Sub‐Micro Reactors Toward Boosted Electrochemical Water Oxidation (Adv. Funct. Mater. 30/2022)

Author

Gong, Feilong, primary, Liu, Mengmeng, additional, Gong, Lihua, additional, Ye, Sheng, additional, Jiang, Qike, additional, Zeng, Guang, additional, Zhang, Xiaoli, additional, Peng, Zhikun, additional, Zhang, Yonghui, additional, Fang, Shaoming, additional, and Liu, Jian, additional

Published
2022
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