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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a series of effects on the mental health of college students, especially long-term home isolation or online learning, which has caused college students to have both academic pressure and employment pressure. How to accurately and effectively assess the mental health status of college students has become a research hotspot. Traditional methods based on questionnaires such as Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) are difficult to collect data and have poor evaluation accuracy. This paper analyzes the psychological state through text-images of multi-modal data with tensor fusion networks and constructs a mental health assessment model for college students. First, the validity of the model is verified through the MVSA (Multi-View Sentiment Analysis) dataset. Second, the psychological state of college students under the epidemic is analyzed using the collected text-images dataset. The results show that the TFN-MDA (Tensor Fusion Network-Multimodal Data Analysis) based mental health assessment model constructed in this paper can effectively assess the mental health status of college students, with an average accuracy of more than 70%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY: Grain appearance and nutritional quality are critical traits for rice marketing. However, how to simultaneously improve grain appearance (slender grain and low chalkiness) and nutritional quality (improved protein and amino acid contents) in rice remains a major challenge. Here, we show that knocking out rice isopropylmalate synthase genes OsIPMS1 and OsIPMS2 can improve both grain appearance and nutritional quality. We find that OsIPMS1 directly interacts with OsIPMS2 to form heterodimers. Meanwhile, we observe that OsIPMS1 and OsIPMS2 influence the expression of genes previously reported to be involved in the determination of grain size and nutritional quality in the developing panicles and grains. Furthermore, we show that Osipms1/2 double mutants exhibit significantly improved grain appearance and nutritional quality in polished rice in both the japonica (Wuyungeng 23) and indica (Huanghuazhan) varieties. Our findings indicate that OsIPMS is a useful target gene for breeding of rice varieties appealing for marketing and with health‐benefiting properties. Significance Statement: It is challenged to simultaneously improve grain appearance and nutritional quality during rice breeding. Knocking out isopropylmalate synthase facilitates the development of rice varieties characterized by slender grains, low chalkiness, and high nutritional quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Seed germination is a critical trait for the success of direct seeding in rice cultivation. However, the underlying mechanism determining seed germination is largely unknown in rice.Here, we report that NAC transcription factor OsNAC3 positively regulates seed germination of rice. OsNAC3 regulates seed germination involving abscisic acid (ABA) pathway and cell elongation. OsNAC3 can directly bind to the promoter of ABA catabolic gene OsABA8ox1 and cell expansion gene OsEXP4, which consequently activates their expressions during seed germination.We also find that the expression of OsEXP4 is reduced by ABA during seed germination in rice. OsNAC3 regulates seed germination by influencing cell elongation of the embryo through directly affecting OsEXP4 expression and indirectly ABA‐medicated OsEXP4 expression. The OsNAC3 elite haplotype is useful for genetic improvement of seed germination, and overexpression of OsNAC3 can significantly increase seed germination.We therefore propose that OsNAC3 is a potential target in breeding of rice varieties with high seed germination for direct seeding cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: PET/MRI has become an important medical imaging approach in clinical practice. In this study, we retrospectively investigated the detectability of fluorine-18 (18F)-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging ([18F]FDG PET/MRI) combined with chest computerized tomography (CT) for early cancer in a large cohort of asymptomatic subjects. Methods: This study included a total of 3020 asymptomatic subjects who underwent whole-body [18F]FDG PET/MRI and chest HRCT examinations. All subjects received a 2–4-year follow-up for cancer development. Cancer detection rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the [18F]FDG PET/MRI with or without chest HRCT were calculated and analyzed. Results: Sixty-one subjects were pathologically diagnosed with cancers, among which 59 were correctly detected by [18F]FDG PET/MRI combined with chest HRCT. Of the 59 patients (32 with lung cancer, 9 with breast cancer, 6 with thyroid cancer, 5 with colon cancer, 3 with renal cancer, 1 with prostate cancer, 1 with gastric cancer, 1 with endometrial cancer, and 1 with lymphoma), 54 (91.5%) were at stage 0 or stage I (according to the 8th edition of the tumor-node-metastasis [TNM] staging system), 33 (55.9%) were detected by PET/MRI alone (27 with non-lung cancers and 6 with lung cancer). Cancer detection rate, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for PET/MRI combined with chest CT were 2.0%, 96.7%, 99.6%, 83.1%, and 99.9%, respectively. For PET/MRI alone, the metrics were 1.1%, 54.1%, 99.6%, 73.3%, and 99.1%, respectively, and for PET/MRI in non-lung cancers, the metrics were 0.9%, 93.1%, 99.6%, 69.2%, and 99.9%, respectively. Conclusions: [18F]FDG PET/MRI holds great promise for the early detection of non-lung cancers, while it seems insufficient for detecting early-stage lung cancers. Chest HRCT can be complementary to whole-body PET/MRI for early cancer detection. Trial registration: ChiCTR2200060041. Registered 16 May 2022. Public site: https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.html [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Seed vigour is an imperative trait for the direct seeding of rice. In this study, we examined the genetic regulation of seedling percentage at the early germination using a genome‐wide association study in rice. One major quantitative trait loci qSP3 for seedling percentage was identified, and the candidate gene was validated as qSP3, encoding a cupin domain protein OsCDP3.10 for the synthesis of 52 kDa globulin. Disruption of this gene in Oscdp3.10 mutants reduced the seed vigour, including the germination potential and seedling percentage, at the early germination in rice. The lacking accumulation of 52 kDa globulin was observed in the mature grains of the Oscdp3.10 mutants. The significantly lower amino acid contents were observed in the mature grains and the early germinating seeds of the Oscdp3.10 mutants compared with those of wild‐type. Rice OsCDP3.10 regulated seed vigour mainly via modulating the amino acids e.g. Met, Glu, His, and Tyr that contribute to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation in the germinating seeds. These results provide important insights into the application of seed priming with the amino acids and the selection of OsCDP3.10 to improve seed vigour in rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good root growth in the early post-germination stages is an important trait for direct seeding in rice, but its genetic control is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the genetic architecture of variation in primary root length using a diverse panel of 178 accessions. Four QTLs for root length (qRL3 , qRL6 , qRL7 , and qRL11) were identified using genome-wide association studies. One candidate gene was validated for the major QTL qRL11 , namely the glucosyltransferase OsIAGLU. Disruption of this gene in Osiaglu mutants reduced the primary root length and the numbers of lateral and crown roots. The natural allelic variations of OsIAGLU contributing to root growth were identified. Functional analysis revealed that OsIAGLU regulates root growth mainly via modulating multiple hormones in the roots, including levels of auxin, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, and cytokinin. OsIAGLU also influences the expression of multiple hormone-related genes associated with root growth. The regulation of root growth through multiple hormone pathways by OsIAGLU makes it a potential target for future rice breeding for crop improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]