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Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex rheumatic disorder characterized by chronic nociplastic pain and central sensitization. Psychopathological conditions can influence FM symptoms, which worsen their condition. However, not all patients with FM have psychopathological disorders, indicating a heterogeneous population. Objective: To investigate the psychopathological profile and personality disorders in patients with FM and its relationship impact on this disease. Methods: An observational and cross-sectional comparative study was conducted with a sample of 90 women, mean age 48.7 years (SD = 8.12), from Hospital del Mar, Barcelona. The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) were used for assessment. Results: FM patients predominantly exhibited psychopathological profiles resembling affective disorders (37.7%) and Cluster C personality disorders (58.8%). The severity of FM's impact was related to affective disorder symptoms, hypervigilance, derealization, somatization, and Cluster B personality disorder (emotional instability). Different rheumatic symptoms correlated with specific psychopathological patterns. Increased somatic symptoms on the FIQ were related to an unstable and dependent personality, while heightened emotional symptoms on the FIQ were associated with avoidance, borderline traits, and passive-aggressive reactions. Conclusion: Recognizing psychopathological aspects is crucial for managing FM. The PAI is a valuable tool for establishing its psychopathological multidimensional profile, which predominantly shows an affective spectrum conditions and comorbid Cluster C personality disorder, exacerbating the disease's impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Associations between disordered eating, internalization of beauty ideals, and self-esteem have been mainly studied in a unidirectional way. Therefore, this study explored the potential bidirectional associations between these three aspects, in a sample of 303 adolescents aged 12 to 15 (140 females and 163 males), in a 16-month longitudinal prospective study. Participants self-reported disordered eating, internalization of beauty ideals, and self-esteem. Autoregressive cross-lagged analyses showed bidirectional associations between self-esteem and disordered eating and unidirectional links between internalization of beauty ideals and disordered eating and lower self-esteem. All cross-lagged effects were equivalent across genders, except that the effect of internalization of beauty ideals at baseline on disordered eating 4 months later was higher for females. Temporal stability was moderate for all measures. These results contribute toward completing explanatory models of these problems and suggest that interventions based on the critique of esthetic ideals and on strengthening self-esteem should be implemented in early adolescence.

Abstract\nImpulsivity is a multidimensional construct linked to a broad spectrum of psychopathological and neuropsychological disorders. The UPPS-P model has emerged as a valuable tool for assessing impulsivity from a multi-dimensional perspective. Despite its relevance, few studies have examined the psychometric properties of the UPPS-P scale scores in a large, representative sample of adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish UPPS-P in adolescents and to establish normative data for this population in Spain. To this end, 9024 students aged 11-19 from 66 different Spanish high schools were included. The fit for the expected 5-factor model, assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, was inadequate (CFI and TLI ≤ .85, RMSEA = .063), but becomes satisfactory when employing the more flexible ESEM approach (CFI and TLI ≥ .94, RMSEA = .038), which was invariant across gender and age. Internal consistency reliability was satisfactory (ω = .83 to .94). Convergent validity with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11-A total score was good (r = .53 to .60). We provide population norms of the UPPS-P, which may help practitioners to interpret the UPPS-P scores of adolescents from the general population in Spain. Subsequent research should explore implications for both clinical and non-clinical settings.Read the transcriptWatch the video on Vimeo© 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oppositional defiant problems (ODP) and obsessive-compulsive problems (OCP) may co-occur in children, though the way they interact is not known. The aim of the study was to examine longitudinal associations between executive functions at age 3 and ODP, ODP dimensions, and OCP at age 6. The sample consisted of 622 preschoolers (50% were boys) from the general population. Executive functions were assessed by teachers using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning – Preschool version questionnaire when children were 3 years old, and ODP and OCP were informed by parents and teachers at the age of 6 years. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that higher Inhibit and Emotional Control and lower Shift deficits were associated with higher ODP reported by teachers, while higher Shift but lower Inhibit deficits were related to higher OCP. Moreover, ODP and OCP shared difficulties on the Flexibility Index, which means that the capacity to modulate emotions and behavior according to contextual and environmental demands is compromised in both disorders. The findings inform etiology and prevention, pointing out not only the executive function specificities related to each problem, but also common cognitive challenges related to Flexibility. Young children could benefit from training and programs designed to improve executive function processes at an early age to prevent later behavioral difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]