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The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the factor "birth type" in lambs on the performance of the meat obtained from them. The studied lambs were of the Ile de France breed and were divided into two groups: the first group is Single and the second group - Multiple. The lambs were slaughtered at 120 days of age, with 4 lambs from each group slaughtered. Samples were taken at 24 hours post mortem from the following muscles: m. longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL), m. iliopsoas (IP) and m. semimembranous (SM). The research of the samples for the chemical composition and technological qualities of the meat was carried out 48 h post mortem, stored at 4°C. Regarding the total chemical composition of the meat, no significant difference was observed between the two study groups. There was also no significant difference between the groups in terms of technological qualities (pH value, color, roasting losses, brittleness). Only a significant difference (p < 0.01) was found in the indicator of water-holding capacity between the groups in the studied LTL and IP muscles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to analyse the chemical composition and technological properties of lamb meat musculus Semimembranosus (SM) by the 24th h post-slaughter and after 7 days of cold storage at 0-4°С. The meat was obtained from Bulgarian Synthetic Dairy Population lambs (I group, control), and F1 crosses of BDSP with Ile-de-France (II group) and Mouton Charollais (III group) breeds. The slaughter live weight of animals was 22-23 kg. The tenderness of SM from crosses with Ile-de-France was statistically significantly higher compared to that of control group (Р ≤ 0.01), after 24-hour storage at 0-4°С. The fat content of SM from group III was by 12.39% lower than that of control lambs (Р ≤ 0.05). The pH values of SM were lower 24 h after slaughter compared to those after 7 days of cold storage in the three groups of animals (Р ≤ 0.05). The water holding capacity by the 24th post-slaughter hour in crosses with Ile-de-France and Mouton Charollais was better than that on the 7th day of cold storage (Р ≤ 0.05). Also, the water absorption capacity in distilled water and saline after 24 h of cold storage exceeded the values measured on the 7th day of storage in the three studied groups (Р ≤ 0.05). Cooking loss percentages on the 24th hour post-slaughter were higher in control lambs (Р ≤ 0.01) and in group III (Р ≤ 0.05), compared to values after 7 days of cold storage. Seven days after slaughter, the SM tenderness was better than that on the 24th hour in control lambs (Р ≤ 0.01) and crosses with Mouton Charollais (Р ≤ 0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of the scientific research are male lambs of the Ile de France breed, divided into 2 groups of 8 each, with different birth types - singletons and twins/triplets, fattened intensively for a period of 60 days. The lambs were slaughtered in a licensed slaughterhouse, according to Bulgarian State Standard (BSS), at 120 days of age. Four lambs from each group were slaughtered with an average live weight closest to the group average. The main slaughter parameters, cuts, offal and morphometric measurements of the carcasses were studied. The data were processed according to the methods of variation statistics with Data Analysis, EXCEL, 2016 of Microsoft. The bodyweight at slaughter (BWS) of the lambs born as singles of the first group was 56.375 kg, and of the lambs of the second group was 52.725 kg. The weight of the cooled carcass of the lambs of the first group is 26.000 kg, and of the lambs of the second group - 24.675 kg. A significant difference was found in the net live weight, in the weight of the foremast and stomach, and the large length of the carcass. This, in turn, does not affect the obtained slaughter yield and compactness of the carcass, which are almost the same in both studied groups. From the conducted studies, we can conclude that the birth type factor does not have a significant impact on the slaughter performance of the slaughtered carcasses, but confirms the compensatory growth opportunities at a young age of the animals of the breed in case of multiple births. The manifestation of compensatory growth in lambs born as twins enables the realization of high growth at an early age and is an important indicator of the economic results of breeding the breed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of two flaxseed oil levels in the diet of male Ross 308 broilers on the growth performance, feed consumption, slaughter analysis, meat quality, chemical and fatty acid composition of breast and thigh muscles. A total of 180 one-day-old broiler chicks were weighed individually, randomly distributed in 3 groups (n=60 birds in each group; 4 replicates × 15 birds per replicate) and fed to 42 days of age with following diets containing: first group (G1 ) – 0%; second group (G2 ) – 1.5% and third group (G3 ) – 3.0% flaxseed oil. At the end of the experiment, chickens attained average body weight of 2485 ± 49 g (G1 ), 2500 ± 49 g (G2 ) and 2551 ± 47 g (G3) without statistically significant differences – Р > 0.05. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) for all periods was 1.74 kg/kg (G1), 1.58 kg/ kg (G2) and 1.57 kg/kg (G3). Higher water-holding capacity (WHC) was found for breast fillet in G1 and G2 compared to G3 – P < 0.05, and for thigh muscle in G1 and G3 compared to G2 – P < 0.05. No differences between the groups were found with regard to the tenderness of the meat – Р > 0.05. With regard to fatty acids, with increasing the amount of flaxseed oil in the diet, the content of oleic, palmitic and palmitoleic acids in the breast fillet decreased while the quantity of linoleic and linolenic acids increased drastically – from 4.60 ± 0.81 (G1 ) to 5.80 ± 0.87 (G2 ) and to 13.27 ± 0.15 (G3 ), and from 0.07 ± 0.03 (G1 ) to 0.80 ± 0.23 (G2 ) and to 6.77 ± 0.55 (G3 ). The tendency of changes in fatty acids in thigh meat was similar – palmitic and palmitoleic acids decreased, and linoleic and linolenic acids increased dramatically – from 6.47 ± 0.03 (G1 ) to 10.20 ± 0.12 (G2 ) and to 11.23 ± 1.59 (G3 ), from 0.10 ± 0.06 (G1 ) to 2.60 ± 0.23 (G2 ) and to 5.67 ± 1.13 (G3 ). The addition of flaxseed oil in the diet decreased the amount of SFA, increased UFA, and PUFA in particular, which once again was due to the increased content of linoleic and linolenic acid in the lipids. The diet supplemented with 3.0% flaxseed oil showed the highest influence on the lipid composition of the broiler’s meat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of inclusion of various dietary levels of high-protein sunflower meal (HiSFM) in compound feed for broiler chickens on their carcass characteristics and meat quality. The experiment was conducted with four groups (one control; three experimental), each with 6 128 unsexed day-old Cobb 500 broiler chickens. In the diet of experimental groups, soybean meal (SBM) was replaced with three different levels of HiSFM and in the diet of 3rd experimental group, it replaced entirely the SBM. The chickens were slaughtered at 42 days of age. As carcass characteristics were concerned, no significant differences among the four groups were established, except for "grill" weight which was the highest in control group (p = 0.05). The substitution of SBM with HiSFM had a negative effect on meat protein content, which was higher in control group than in experimental ones (p = 0.001). Among meat technological properties, value of pH was lower while water holding capacity (WHC) - better in control group. The consumer panel gave the highest organoleptic score to the second experimental group, whose diet was characterized with a medium level of SBM replacement with HiSFM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many evidences have been accumulated about the positive influence of rose oil and rose petal meal, as well as their antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic and other beneficial effects on health. The aim of this study to evaluated the efficacy of the rose petal meal, as one of the ingredients in pelleted feed for chickens ROSS 308 on the chemical composition, meat quality and organoleptic characteristics. A total of 60 male one-day old broilers (ROSS 308) were allocated in three dietary groups: in control group broilers received standard broiler feed (C), the first experimental group (RPM25) which were fed a standard feed supplemented with 0.25% rose petal meal (Herbacon, Gellschaft m.b.H., Germany) and second (RPM50) with 0.50% rose petal meal. Broilers were slaughtered and samples were taken from Musculus pectoralis superficialis. There no significant effect on the proximate composition, only the lipid and ash contents of breast muscle of broiler chickens from RPM 50 was lower than control group. The results of technological quality showed meat from control group had a lower a* and b*, compared with that from RPM50 broilers. No signifi cant difference was found in organoleptic attributes, but according of degustators the flavour, juiciness and tenderness were more pronounced in RPM50 fed broilers than in control group. Including of the rose petal meal in pelleted feed, infl uenced of broiler meat and they had higher ratings in organoleptic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]