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32 results on '"Penalva, G."'

1. Outcomes of the PIRASOA programme, an antimicrobial stewardship programme implemented in hospitals of the Public Health System of Andalusia, Spain: an ecologic study of time-trend analysis

Author

Rodríguez-Baño, J., Pérez-Moreno, M.A., Peñalva, G., Garnacho-Montero, J., Pinto, C., Salcedo, I., Fernández-Urrusuno, R., Neth, O., Gil-Navarro, M.V., Pérez-Milena, A., Sierra, R., Estella, Á., Lupión, C., Irastorza, A., Márquez, J.L., Pascual, Á., Rojo-Martín, M.D., Pérez-Lozano, M.J., Valencia-Martín, R., and Cisneros, J.M.

Published
2020
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2. 3D-Printed Electromagnetic Band-Gap Band-Pass Filter Based on Empty Single-Ridge Waveguide

Author

Garcia-Martinez H, Torregrosa-Penalva G, Avila-Navarro E, Delmonte N, Silvestri L, and Bozzi M

Subjects
Cutoff frequency, Bandwidth, Electromagnetic waveguides, Additive manufacturing, band-pass filter, Metamaterials, empty single-ridge waveguide (ESRW), Periodic structures, Dispersion, fused deposition modeling (FDM), Band-pass filters, electromagnetic band-gap
Abstract

In this work, a new method for the design of band-pass filters in an empty waveguide by using periodic structures is presented in a theoretical and experimental way. The proposed filter topology uses a periodic profile of two heights in the central part of an Empty Single-Ridge Waveguide (ESRW) for the generation of an Electromagnetic Band-Gap (EBG), and it provides simple unit cell design parameters to produce specific dispersion characteristics. The implementation of two band-pass filters with different fractional bandwidths (36% and 55%) and different characteristics in the rejection band is proposed, where to minimize the mismatch in the ESRW filter's passband, a tapering technique is used that follows a Kaiser distribution for the EBG. To experimentally validate the design concept, a band-pass filter with a fractional bandwidth of 55% centered on 5.45 GHz is manufactured, using a low-cost 3D printer, which allows the rapid manufacture of complex geometries at a very reduced price. The experimental results validate the simulated response of the implemented ESRW band-pass filter.

Published
2022

3. Implementation of Microwave Circuits Using Stereolithography

Author

Torregrosa-Penalva G, Garcia-Martinez H, Ortega-Arguello A, Rodriguez-Martinez A, Busque-Nadal A, and Avila-Navarro E

Subjects
dielectric permittivity, 3D-printing, ultrasonic characterization, additive manufacturing, microwave circuits, stereolithography
Abstract

In this work, the use of additive manufacturing techniques through stereolithography for the manufacture of high-frequency circuits and devices is presented. Both the resin and the 3D printer used in this research are general-purpose commercial materials, not specifically intended for the implementation of microwave networks. The manufacturing and metallization procedures used to produce substrates for the design of planar microwave circuits are described, introducing the characterization process carried out to determine the electrical properties of the resin used. The ultrasonic techniques that allow the structural analysis of the manufactured substrates are also described. The electrical characterization provides a relative dielectric permittivity of 3.25 and a loss tangent of 0.03 for the resin used. In addition, the structural analysis shows a homogeneity and a finish of the manufactured parts that is not achievable using fused deposition modeling techniques. Finally, as a proof of concept, the design and manufacture of a complex geometry stepped impedance filter on a multi-height substrate using stereolithography techniques is presented, which allows for reducing the size of the traditional implementation of the same filter while maintaining its high-frequency response performance.

Published
2022

5. UWB-Printed Rectangular-Based Monopole Antenna for Biological Tissue Analysis

Author

Martinez-Lozano A, Blanco-Angulo C, Garcia-Martinez H, Gutierrez-Mazon R, Torregrosa-Penalva G, Avila-Navarro E, and Sabater-Navarro J

Subjects
UWB antenna, biological material characterization, microwave imaging, slots, printed monopole, stepped antenna
Abstract

This paper presents the design of a printed step-type monopole antenna for biological tissue analysis and medical imaging applications in the microwave frequency range. The design starts from a very simple and widely known rectangular monopole antenna, and different modifications to the antenna geometry are made in order to increase the bandwidth. The antenna dimensions are optimized by means of a parametric analysis of each dimension using a 3-D electromagnetic simulator based on the finite element method. The optimized antenna, with final dimensions of 40 x 36 mm(2), is manufactured onto a low-cost FR4 (fiber glass epoxy) substrate. The characteristics of the antenna have been measured inside an anechoic chamber, obtaining an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a working frequency range between 2.7 GHz and 11.4 GHz, which covers the UWB frequencies and enables the use of the antenna in medical imaging applications. Finally, the behaviour of four of these antennas located around a realistic breast model, made with biocompatible materials, has been analysed with the electromagnetic simulator, obtaining good results and demonstrating the usefulness of the designed antenna in the proposed application.

Published
2021

6. Defining the scope of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet): a bottom-up and One Health approach

Author

Mader, R., Demay, C., Jouvin-Marche, E., Ploy, M. -C., Barraud, O., Bernard, S., Lacotte, Y., Pulcini, C., Weinbach, J., Berling, C., Bouqueau, M., Hlava, A., Habl, C., Kernstock, E., Strauss, R., Muchl, R., Buhmann, V., Versporten, A., Ingenbleek, A., Vandael, E., Haelterman, G., De Raedt, L., Hunjak, B., Raickovic, B., Mackova, B., Niklova, E., Zemlickova, H., Hrivnakova, L., Jindrak, V., Kristensen, B., Lyndrup, M., Skovgaard, S., Wolf Sonksen, U., Aasmae, B., Ruut, J., Linnik, L., Sadikova, O., Martin, P., Zanuzdana, A., Kizilkaya-Guneser, G., Oezcelik, N., Eckmanns, T., Lambrou, A., Kontopidou, F., Papadaki, M., Tsana, M., Maroulis, N., Vatopoulos, A., Papadogiannakis, E., Kontarini, M., Gikas, A., Magkanaraki, A., Cozza, A., Martinelli, D., Fortunato, F., Prato, R., Marella, A. M., Pantosti, A., Prestinaci, F., Busani, L., Pezzoti, P., Creti, R., Martoccia, R. M., Brusaferro, S., Vilde, A., Jakovela, A., Langusa, E., Grudule, L., Grinsteine, M., Dumpis, U., Dambrauskiene, A., Vitkauskiene, A., Tirvaite, D., Cemnalianskis, L., Kazenaite, E., Lozoraitiene, I., Adomaitiene, R., Ambrazaitiene, R., Kiveryte, S., Maciulaityte, A., Kuklyte, J., Petrene, J., Valinteliene, R., Kanapeckiene, V., Razmiene, A., Kairiene, B., Aleksiene, G., Valinciute, G., Petraitis, R., Elsemulder, A., Nakched, A., Claessen, J., Gui, L., Kort, M. D., Peran, R., Van Leeuwen, A., Smeets, E., Mennen, M., Spruijt, P., Westerhof, R., Skulberg, A., Bakka, E. Ro., Miard, K., Henricsen, S. Ho., Pellerud, A., Kallberg, C., Ardal, C., Eriksen, H. -M., Kranstad, K., Molvik, M., Kacelnik, O., Sollund, P., Samuelsen, R., Bakke, T., Urdahl, A. M., Norstrom, M., Olczak-Pienkowska, A., Skoczynska, A., Zabicka, D., Bysiek, J., Rekawek, J., Lebre, A., Falcao, E., Scripcaru, G., Neves, I., Gomes, S., Pereira, N., Malutan, A. M., Iuhas, C., Szakacs, L., Kissiedou-Bob, M., Ciortea, R., Grilc, E., Klavs, I., Turk, K., Subelj, M., Vrdelja, M., Serdt, M., Jemec, N., Glavan, U., Simonovic, Z., Tamayo, A. N., Lopez Navas, A., Munoz Madero, C., Alonso Lebrero, J. L., Alonso Irujo, L., Santacreu Garcia, M., Crespo Robledo, P., Oliva, G., Massanes, M., Oliver Palomo, A., Garcia Pineda, A., Ferragut, E., Rojo, E., Castano, E., Perianez, L., Torres Cantero, A. M., Jimenez Guillen, C., Hukelova, H., Alcaraz, M., Carlos, M. A., Lopez Acuna, M. D. P., Gil Setas, A., Ibarrola Segura, A., Ezpeleta, C., Gahigiro Merino, C., Portillo Bordonabe, M. E., Fragoso, M., Beristain Rementeria, X., Penalva, G., Cisneros, J. M., Estevez, M., Monteau, S., Del Rio, L., Gonzalez De Suso, M. J., Gallego Berciano, P., Aranguren Oyarzabal, A., Alioto, D., Izquierdo Palomares, J. M., Calvo Alcantara, M. J., Gonzalez Perez, R., Havarria, T., Hulth, A., Carlin, K., Edman, L., Grape, M., Aspevall, O., Haggar, A., Lindal, E., Burgos, A., Ottoson, J., Ostman, M., Egervarn, M., Nordenfelt, A., Bengtsson, B., Soderman, I., Bjers, A., Jonsson, J. -I., Starborg, M., Laine, M., Fagerstedt, P., Metcalfe, A., Soder, J., Lytsy, B., Madec, J. Y., Collineau, L., Berger-Carbonne, A., Colomb-Cotinat, M., Bourely, C., Amat, J. -P., Broens, E. M., Callens, B., Crespo-Robledo, P., Damborg, P., Filippitzi, M. -E., Fitzgerald, W., Gronthal, T., Haenni, M., Heuvelink, A., Van Hout, J., Kaspar, H., Pedersen, K., Pokludova, L., Dal Pozzo, F., Slowey, R., Zafeiridis, C., Madec, J. -Y., and Departments of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Veterinary medicine, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, 040301 veterinary sciences, Swine, Drug Resistance, 413 Veterinary science, 0403 veterinary science, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Cats, Cattle, Chickens, Dogs, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Female, One Health, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Antimicrobial stewardship, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 2. Zero hunger, Streptococcus uberis, Pharmacology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Bacterial, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, Food safety, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, business, Streptococcus dysgalactiae
Abstract

BackgroundBuilding the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet) was proposed to strengthen the European One Health antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance approach.ObjectivesThe objectives were to (i) define the combinations of animal species, production types, age categories, bacterial species, specimens and antimicrobials to be monitored in EARS-Vet and to (ii) determine antimicrobial test panels able to cover most combinations.MethodsThe EARS-Vet scope was defined by consensus between 26 European experts. Decisions were guided by a survey of the combinations that are relevant and feasible to monitor in diseased animals in 13 European countries (bottom-up approach). Experts also considered the One Health approach and the need for EARS-Vet to complement existing European AMR monitoring systems coordinated by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).ResultsEARS-Vet would monitor AMR in six animal species (cattle, swine, chicken (broiler and laying hen), turkey, cat and dog), for 11 bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus hyicus, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus suis). Relevant antimicrobials for their treatment were selected (e.g. tetracyclines) and complemented with antimicrobials of more specific public health interest (e.g. carbapenems). Three test panels of antimicrobials were proposed covering most EARS-Vet combinations of relevance for veterinary antimicrobial stewardship.ConclusionsWith this scope, EARS-Vet would enable to better address animal health in the strategy to mitigate AMR and better understand the multi-sectoral AMR epidemiology in Europe.

Published
2022
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8. Long-term outcomes for neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer: meta-analysis of individual patient data from ten randomised trials

Author

Alberro, JA, Ballester, B, Deulofeu, P, Fabregas, R, Fraile, M, Gubern, JM, Janer, J, Moral, A, de Pablo, JL, Penalva, G, Puig, P, Ramos, M, Rojo, R, Santesteban, P, Serra, C, Sola, M, Solarnau, L, Solsona, J, Veloso, E, Vidal, S, Abe, O, Abe, R, Enomoto, K, Kikuchi, K, Koyama, H, Masuda, H, Nomura, Y, Ohashi, Y, Sakai, K, Sugimachi, K, Toi, M, Tominaga, T, Uchino, J, Yoshida, M, Coles, CE, Haybittle, JL, Moebus, V, Leonard, CF, Calais, G, Garaud, P, Collett, V, Davies, C, Delmestri, A, Sayer, J, Harvey, VJ, Holdaway, IM, Kay, RG, Mason, BH, Forbe, JF, Franci, PA, Wilcken, N, Balic, M, Bartsch, R, Fesl, C, Fitzal, F, Fohler, H, Gnant, M, Greil, R, Jakesz, R, Marth, C, Mlineritsch, B, Pfeiler, G, Singer, CF, Steger, GG, Stoeger, H, Canney, P, Yosef, HMA, Focan, C, Peek, U, Oates, GD, Powell, J, Durand, M, Mauriac, L, Di Leo, A, Dolci, S, Larsimont, D, Nogaret, JM, Philippson, C, Piccart, MJ, Masood, MB, Parker, D, Price, JJ, Lindsay, MA, Mackey, J, Martin, M, Hupperets, PSGJ, Bates, T, Blamey, RW, Chetty, U, Ellis, IO, Mallon, E, Morgan, DAL, Patnick, J, Pinder, S, Lohrisch, C, Nichol, A, Bartlett, JMS, Bramwell, VH, Chen, BE, Chia, SKL, Gelmon, K, Goss, PE, Levine, MN, Parulekar, W, Pater, JL, Pritchard, KI, Shepherd, LE, Tu, D, Whelan, T, Berry, D, Broadwater, G, Cirrincione, C, Muss, H, Norton, L, Weiss, RB, Abu-Zahara, HT, Karpov, A, Portnoj, SL, Bowden, S, Brookes, C, Dunn, J, Fernando, I, Lee, M, Poole, C, Rea, D, Spooner, D, Barrett-Lee, PJ, Manse, RE, Monypenny, IJ, Gordon, NH, Davis, HL, Cuzick, J, Sestak, I, Lehingue, Y, Romestaing, P, Dubois, JB, Delozier, T, Griffon, B, Lesec'h, J Mace, Mustacchi, G, Petruzelka, L, Pribylova, O, Owen, JR, Meier, P, Shan, Y, Shao, YF, Wang, X, Zhao, DB, Howell, A, Swindell, R, Albano, J, de Oliveira, CF, Gervasio, H, Gordilho, J, Ejlertsen, B, Jensen, M-B, Mouridsen, H, Gelman, RS, Harris, JR, Hayes, D, Henderson, C, Shapiro, CL, Christiansen, P, Ewertz, M, Jensen, MB, Mouridsen, HT, Fehm, T, Trampisch, HJ, Dalesio, O, de Vries, EGE, Rodenhuis, S, van Tinteren, H, Comis, RL, Davidson, NE, Gray, R, Robert, N, Sledge, G, Solin, LJ, Sparano, JA, Tormey, DC, Wood, W, Cameron, D, Dixon, JM, Forrest, P, Jack, W, Kunkler, I, Rossbach, J, Klijn, JGM, Treurniet-Donker, AD, van Putten, WLJ, Rotmensz, N, Veronesi, U, Viale, G, Bartelink, H, Bijker, N, Bogaerts, J, Cardoso, F, Cufer, T, Julien, JP, Poortmans, PM, Rutgers, E, van de Velde, CJH, Cunningham, MP, Huovinen, R, Joensuu, H, Costa, A, Bonadonna, G, Gianni, L, Valagussa, P, Goldstein, LJ, Bonneterre, J, Fargeot, P, Fumoleau, P, Kerbrat, P, Lupors, E, Namer, M, Carrasco, E, Segui, MA, Eierman, W, Hilfrich, J, Jonat, W, Kaufmann, M, Kreienberg, R, Schumacher, M, Bastert, G, Rauschecker, H, Sauer, R, Sauerbrei, W, Schauer, A, Blohmer, JU, Costa, SD, Eidtmann, H, Gerber, B, Jackisch, C, Loib, S, von Minckwitz, G, de Schryver, A, Vakaet, L, Belfiglio, M, Nicolucci, A, Pellegrini, F, Pirozzoli, MC, Sacco, M, Valentini, M, McArdle, CS, Smith, DC, Stallard, S, Dent, DM, Gudgeon, CA, Hacking, A, Murray, E, Panieri, E, Werner, ID, De Salvo, GL, Del Bianco, P, Zavagno, G, Leone, B, Vallejo, CT, Zwenger, A, Galligioni, E, Lopez, M, Erazo, A, Medina, JY, Horiguchi, J, Takei, H, Fentiman, IS, Hayward, JL, Rubens, RD, Skilton, D, Scheurlen, H, Sohn, HC, Untch, M, Dafni, U, Markopoulos, C, Bamia, C, Fountzilas, G, Koliou, G-A, Manousou, K, Mavroudis, D, Klefstrom, P, Blomqvist, C, Saarto, T, Gallen, M, Canavese, G, Tinterri, C, Margreiter, R, de Lafontan, B, Mihura, J, Roche, H, Asselain, B, Salmon, RJ, Vilcoq, JR, Brain, E, de La Lande, B, Mouret-Fourme, E, Andre, F, Arriagada, R, Delaloge, S, Hill, C, Koscienly, S, Michiels, S, Rubino, C, A'Hern, R, Bliss, J, Ellis, P, Kilburn, L, Yarnold, JR, Benraadt, J, Kooi, M, van de Velde, AO, van Dongen, JA, Vermorken, JB, Castiglione, M, Coates, A, Colleoni, M, Collins, J, Forbes, J, Gelbe, RD, Goldhirsch, A, Lindtner, J, Price, KN, Regan, MM, Rudenstam, CM, Senn, HJ, Thuerlimann, B, Bliss, JM, Chilvers, CED, Coombes, RC, Hall, E, Marty, M, Buyse, M, Possinger, K, Schmid, P, Wallwiener, D, Foster, L, George, WD, Stewart, HJ, Stroner, P, Borovik, R, Hayat, H, Inbar, MJ, Peretz, T, Robinson, E, Camerini, T, Formelli, F, Martelli, G, Di Mauro, MG, Perrone, F, Amadori, D, Martoni, A, Pannuti, F, Camisa, R, Musolino, A, Passalacqua, R, Iwata, H, Shien, T, Ikeda, T, Inokuchi, K, Sawa, K, Sonoo, H, Sadoon, M, Tulusan, AH, Kohno, N, Miyashita, M, Takao, S, Ahn, J-H, Jung, KH, Korzeniowski, S, Skolyszewski, J, Ogawa, M, Yamashita, J, Bastiaannet, E, Liefers, GJ, Christiaens, R, Neven, P, Paridaens, R, Van den Bogaert, W, Gazet, JC, Corcoran, N, Deshpande, N, di Martino, L, Douglas, P, Host, H, Lindtner, A, Notter, G, Bryant, AJS, Ewing, GH, Firth, LA, Krushen-Kosloski, JL, Nissen-Meyer, R, Anderson, H, Killander, F, Malmstrom, P, Ryden, L, Arnesson, L-G, Carstense, J, Dufmats, M, Fohlin, H, Nordenskjold, B, Soderberg, M, Sundqvist, M, Carpenter, TJ, Murray, N, Royle, GT, Simmonds, PD, Albain, K, Barlow, W, Crowley, J, Gralow, J, Hortobagyi, G, Livingston, R, Martino, S, Osborne, CK, Ravdin, PM, Bergh, J, Bondesso, T, Celebiogl, F, Dahlberg, K, Fornander, T, Fredriksson, I, Frisell, J, Goransson, E, Iiristo, M, Johansson, U, Lenner, E, Lofgren, L, Nikolaidis, P, Perbeck, L, Rotstein, S, Sandelin, K, Skoog, L, Svane, G, af Trampe, E, Wadstrom, C, Janni, W, Maibach, R, Thurlimann, B, Hadji, P, Hozumi, J, Holli, K, Rouhento, K, Safra, T, Brenner, H, Hercbergs, A, Yoshimoto, M, Paterson, AHG, Fyles, A, Meakin, JW, Panzarella, T, Bahi, J, Lemonnier, J, Martin, AL, Reid, M, Spittle, M, Bishop, H, Bundred, NJ, Forbes, JF, Forsyth, S, George, WS, Pinder, SE, Deutsch, GP, Kwong, DLW, Pai, VR, Peto, R, Senanayake, F, Boccardo, F, Rubagotti, A, Baum, M, Hackshaw, A, Houghton, J, Ledermann, J, Monson, K, Tobias, JS, Carlomagno, C, De Laurentiis, M, De Placido, S, Schem, C, Williams, L, Bell, R, Coleman, RE, Dodwell, D, Hinsley, S, Marshall, HC, Pierce, LJ, Basso, SMM, Lumachi, F, Solomayer, E, Horsman, JM, Lester, J, Winter, MC, Buzdar, AU, Hsu, L, Love, RR, Ahlgren, J, Garmo, H, Holmberg, L, Lindman, H, Warnberg, F, Asmar, L, Jones, SE, Aft, R, Gluz, O, Harbeck, N, Liedtke, C, Nitz, U, Litton, A, Wallgren, A, Karlsson, P, Linderholm, BK, Chlebowski, RT, Caffier, H, Brufsky, AM, Llombart, HA, Asselain, B, Barlow, W, Bartlett, J, Bradley, R, Braybrooke, J, Davies, C, Dodwell, D, Gray, R, Mannu, G, Taylor, C, Peto, R, McGale, P, Pan, H, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Department of Oncology, Clinicum, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical Oncology, Cancer Research UK, and Pfizer Limited

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Time Factors, SURGERY, medicine.medical_treatment, menopause, chemotherapy, Mastectomy, Segmental, Rate ratio, THERAPY, aromatase inhibitors, CEA, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Medicine and Health Sciences, Breast, Neoplasm Metastasis, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, RISK, tamoxifen, breast tumor, CA15-3, axillary dissection, mastectomy, Middle Aged, Neoadjuvant Therapy, METHOTREXATE, 3. Good health, trastuzumab, Treatment Outcome, quadrantectomy, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, axillary lymphnodes, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Meta-analysis, SURVIVAL, Disease Progression, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, axillary clearance, RADIOTHERAPY, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anthracycline, 3122 Cancers, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, axillary nodes, sentinel node biopsy, 03 medical and health sciences, breast cancer, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, HER2, Internal medicine, Journal Article, medicine, cancer, Humans, Breast, breast cancer, breast diseases, cancer, malignancy, menopause, surgery, mastectomy, quadrantectomy, lumpectomy, axillary nodes, axillary lymphnodes, axillary dissection, axillary clearance, sentinel node biopsy, sentinel node, BRCA1, BRCA2, tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, breast tumor, osteoporosis, bisphosphonates, denosumab, trastuzumab, HER2, CEA, CA15-3, tumor marker, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, RECURRENCE, bisphosphonates, Pathological, Neoplasm Staging, lumpectomy, Chemotherapy, Science & Technology, breast diseases, endocrine therapy, business.industry, denosumab, BRCA1, medicine.disease, BRCA2, osteoporosis, Radiation therapy, STIMULATING FACTOR, 030104 developmental biology, sentinel node, tumor marker, Methotrexate, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, business, 1112 Oncology And Carcinogenesis, malignancy
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for early breast cancer can make breast-conserving surgery more feasible and might be more likely to eradicate micrometastatic disease than might the same chemotherapy given after surgery. We investigated the long-term benefits and risks of NACT and the influence of tumour characteristics on outcome with a collaborative meta-analysis of individual patient data from relevant randomised trials. METHODS: We obtained information about prerandomisation tumour characteristics, clinical tumour response, surgery, recurrence, and mortality for 4756 women in ten randomised trials in early breast cancer that began before 2005 and compared NACT with the same chemotherapy given postoperatively. Primary outcomes were tumour response, extent of local therapy, local and distant recurrence, breast cancer death, and overall mortality. Analyses by intention-to-treat used standard regression (for response and frequency of breast-conserving therapy) and log-rank methods (for recurrence and mortality). FINDINGS: Patients entered the trials from 1983 to 2002 and median follow-up was 9 years (IQR 5-14), with the last follow-up in 2013. Most chemotherapy was anthracycline based (3838 [81%] of 4756 women). More than two thirds (1349 [69%] of 1947) of women allocated NACT had a complete or partial clinical response. Patients allocated NACT had an increased frequency of breast-conserving therapy (1504 [65%] of 2320 treated with NACT vs 1135 [49%] of 2318 treated with adjuvant chemotherapy). NACT was associated with more frequent local recurrence than was adjuvant chemotherapy: the 15 year local recurrence was 21·4% for NACT versus 15·9% for adjuvant chemotherapy (5·5% increase [95% CI 2·4-8·6]; rate ratio 1·37 [95% CI 1·17-1·61]; p=0·0001). No significant difference between NACT and adjuvant chemotherapy was noted for distant recurrence (15 year risk 38·2% for NACT vs 38·0% for adjuvant chemotherapy; rate ratio 1·02 [95% CI 0·92-1·14]; p=0·66), breast cancer mortality (34·4% vs 33·7%; 1·06 [0·95-1·18]; p=0·31), or death from any cause (40·9% vs 41·2%; 1·04 [0·94-1·15]; p=0·45). INTERPRETATION: Tumours downsized by NACT might have higher local recurrence after breast-conserving therapy than might tumours of the same dimensions in women who have not received NACT. Strategies to mitigate the increased local recurrence after breast-conserving therapy in tumours downsized by NACT should be considered-eg, careful tumour localisation, detailed pathological assessment, and appropriate radiotherapy. FUNDING: Cancer Research UK, British Heart Foundation, UK Medical Research Council, and UK Department of Health. ispartof: LANCET ONCOLOGY vol:19 issue:1 pages:27-39 ispartof: location:England status: published

Published
2017
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10. Multipactor discharges in parallel-plate dielectric-loaded waveguides including space-charge effects

Author

Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Comunicaciones - Departament de Comunicacions, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos y Computación - Departament de Sistemes Informàtics i Computació, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Coves, A., Torregrosa-Penalva, G., Vicente, C., Gimeno, B., Boria Esbert, Vicente Enrique, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Comunicaciones - Departament de Comunicacions, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos y Computación - Departament de Sistemes Informàtics i Computació, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Coves, A., Torregrosa-Penalva, G., Vicente, C., Gimeno, B., and Boria Esbert, Vicente Enrique

Abstract

[EN] The objective of this paper is to study the time evolution of multipactor discharges in a parallel-plate dielectric-loaded waveguide. The electron discharge phenomena investigated in this paper include the effects of space charge, as well as the presence of time varying static fields. In order to perform the simulations presented in this paper, an approach considering simultaneously multiple effective electrons has been used. The results obtained demonstrate that multipactor discharges do turn off by themselves under certain circumstances when they occur in such dielectric-loaded structures.

Published
2008

27. Egg handling and storage

Author

Brake, J., primary, Walsh, T.J., additional, Benton, C.E., additional, Petitte, J.N., additional, Meijerhof, R., additional, and Penalva, G., additional

Published
1997
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31. Low-Cost Additive Manufacturing Techniques Applied to the Design of Planar Microwave Circuits by Fused Deposition Modeling.

Author

García-Martínez H, Ávila-Navarro E, Torregrosa-Penalva G, Rodríguez-Martínez A, Blanco-Angulo C, and de la Casa-Lillo M

Abstract

This work presents a study on the implementation and manufacturing of low-cost microwave electronic circuits, made with additive manufacturing techniques using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. First, the manufacturing process of substrates with different filaments, using various options offered by additive techniques in the manufacture of 3D printing parts, is described. The implemented substrates are structurally analyzed by ultrasound techniques to verify the correct metallization and fabrication of the substrate, and the characterization of the electrical properties in the microwave frequency range of each filament is performed. Finally, standard and novel microwave filters in microstrip and stripline technology are implemented, making use of the possibilities offered by additive techniques in the manufacturing process. The designed devices were manufactured and measured with good results, which demonstrates the possibility of using low-cost 3D printers in the design process of planar microwave circuits.

Published
2020
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32. Hepatic transport of organic anions in taurolithocholate-induced cholestasis in rats.

Author

Roma MG, Penalva GL, Agüero RM, and Rodríguez Garay EA

Subjects
Animals, Bile metabolism, Biological Transport, Cytosol metabolism, Liver cytology, Male, Proteins metabolism, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Sulfobromophthalein analogs & derivatives, Sulfobromophthalein pharmacokinetics, Anions pharmacokinetics, Cholestasis chemically induced, Cholestasis metabolism, Liver metabolism, Taurolithocholic Acid
Abstract

The hepatic transport of organic anions was evaluated in taurolithocholate-induced cholestasis in rats. Taurolithocholate (3 mumol per 100 g body wt., i.v.) diminished bile flow by 61%, whereas biliary excretion of bile salts was normalized after 80 min. Tm studies of sulfobromophthalein revealed reduced biliary excretion (-58%) and increased hepatic content of the dye (+75%). Conjugation pattern in bile showed that free sulfobromophthalein was increased by 57%, suggesting that hepatic conjugation was also impaired. This finding, however, could not fully explain the reduced sulfobromophthalein excretion since Tm of its non-metabolizable analog phenol-3,6-dibromophthalein was also decreased (-41%). Compartmental analysis of plasma decay of both dyes revealed that, whereas hepatic uptake was unaltered, canalicular excretion was reduced and reflux from the liver into plasma was increased by the cholestatic agent. Studies on transport of phenol-3,6-dibromophthalein by isolated hepatocytes showed that while uptake was unaffected, the treatment reduced (-36%) the release from hepatocytes preloaded with the dye. Neither glutathione S-transferase activity nor binding of sulfobromophthalein to cytosolic proteins was altered when evaluated in vitro, suggesting that reduced conjugation and enhanced sinusoidal reflux were not due to an irreversible effect of taurolithocholate on this enzyme. In conclusion, taurolithocholate impairs the hepatic transport of organic anions by impairing canalicular excretion and intrahepatic conjugation, as well as by increasing transfer from the liver into the plasma.

Published
1994
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