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1. Probing the Nonlinear Interactions of Supertidal Internal Waves using a High-Resolution Regional Ocean Model

Author

Skitka, Joseph, Arbic, Brian K., Thakur, Ritabrata, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Peltier, William R., Pan, Yulin, Momeni, Kayhan, and Ma, Yuchen

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

The internal-wave (IW) continuum of a regional ocean model is studied in terms of the vertical spectral kinetic-energy (KE) fluxes and transfers at high vertical wavenumbers. Previous work has shown that this model permits a partial representation of the IW cascade. In this work, vertical spectral KE flux is decomposed into catalyst, source, and destination frequency bands of nonlinear scattering, a framework that allows for the discernment of different types of nonlinear interactions involving both waves and eddies. Energy transfer within the supertidal IW continuum is found to be strongly dependent on horizontal resolution. Specifically, at a horizontal grid spacing of 1/48-degrees, the vast majority of KE in the supertidal continuum arrives there from lower frequency modes through a single nonlinear interaction, while at 1/384-degrees KE transfers within the supertidal IW continuum are comparable in size to KE transfer from lower-frequency modes. Additionally, comparisons are made with existing theoretical and observational work on energy pathways in the IW continuum. Induced diffusion (ID) is found to be associated with a weak forward frequency transfer within the supertidal IW continuum. Spectrally local interactions are found to play an insignificant role within the model evolution. At the same time, ID-like processes involving high vertical-wavenumber near-inertial and tidal waves as well as low-vertical-wavenumber eddy fields are substantial, suggesting that the processes giving rise to a Garrett-Munk-like spectra in the present numerical simulation and perhaps the real ocean may be more varied than in idealized or wave-only frameworks.

Published
2023

3. Internal‐Wave Dissipation Mechanisms and Vertical Structure in a High‐Resolution Regional Ocean Model.

Author

Skitka, Joseph, Arbic, Brian K., Ma, Yuchen, Momeni, Kayhan, Pan, Yulin, Peltier, William R., Menemenlis, Dimitris, and Thakur, Ritabrata

Subjects
OCEANIC mixing, OCEAN waves, DEPTH profiling, VISCOSITY, OCEAN, INTERNAL waves
Abstract

Motivated by the importance of mixing arising from dissipating internal waves (IWs), vertical profiles of internal‐wave dissipation from a high‐resolution regional ocean model are compared with finestructure estimates made from observations. A horizontal viscosity scheme restricted to only act on horizontally rotational modes (such as eddies) is introduced and tested. At lower resolutions with horizontal grid spacings of 2 km, the modeled IW dissipation from numerical model agrees reasonably well with observations in some cases when the restricted form of horizontal viscosity is used. This suggests the possibility that if restricted forms of horizontal viscosity are adopted by global models with similar resolutions, they could be used to diagnose and map IW dissipation distributions. At higher resolutions with horizontal grid spacings of ∼250 m, the dissipation from vertical shear and horizontal viscosity act much more strongly resulting in dissipation overestimates; however, the vertical‐shear dissipation itself is found to agree well with observations. Plain Language Summary: Oceanic mixing impacts circulation, stratification (layering by density), and the uptake and transport of heat and nutrients. Over most of the ocean, mixing is caused by the breaking (turnover) of internal waves lying on the interfaces of density layers. Most ocean models do not contain a resolved internal wavefield, and therefore must parameterize internal wave (IW) mixing based upon external information. Recently developed high‐resolution ocean models with credible representations of internal waves may make it possible to map and understand global IW mixing without use of external information. Here we compare vertical profiles (profiles in depth) of IW dissipation in a regional model, which can be used to understand sensitivities to numerical schemes and grid spacings. With grid spacings that are attainable in global models, modeled dissipation profiles lie somewhat close to observed profiles, as long as certain choices are made within the numerical schemes. One numerical dissipation scheme is designed to realistically remove energy from eddy fields, which are the non‐wavelike motions in the ocean, and we have adapted this scheme to act less strongly on internal waves. Using this modified scheme, we find that high‐resolution global models may already be able to map IW dissipation. Key Points: Vertical profiles of internal wave (IW) dissipation in high‐resolution regional ocean simulations are compared with observed profilesProfiles in runs with a restricted form of horizontal viscosity and resolutions attainable in global models are close to observationsResults suggest high‐resolution global models can be used to map IW dissipation after numerical sensitivities are tested in regional models [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Probing the Nonlinear Interactions of Supertidal Internal Waves Using a High-Resolution Regional Ocean Model.

Author

Skitka, Joseph, Arbic, Brian K., Thakur, Ritabrata, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Peltier, William R., Pan, Yulin, Momeni, Kayhan, and Ma, Yuchen

Subjects
INTERNAL waves, TSUNAMIS, KINETIC energy, ENERGY transfer, OCEAN, EDDIES
Abstract

The internal wave (IW) continuum of a regional ocean model is studied in terms of the vertical spectral kinetic energy (KE) fluxes and transfers at high vertical wavenumbers. Previous work has shown that this model permits a partial representation of the IW cascade. In this work, vertical spectral KE flux is decomposed into catalyst, source, and destination vertical modes and frequency bands of nonlinear scattering, a framework that allows for the discernment of different types of nonlinear interactions involving both waves and eddies. Energy transfer within the supertidal IW continuum is found to be strongly dependent on resolution. Specifically, at a horizontal grid spacing of 1/48°, most KE in the supertidal continuum arrives there from lower-frequency modes through a single nonlinear interaction, whereas at 1/384° and with sufficient vertical resolution KE transfers within the supertidal IW continuum are comparable in size to KE transfer from lower-frequency modes. Additionally, comparisons are made with existing theoretical and observational work on energy pathways in the IW continuum. Induced diffusion (ID) is found to be associated with a weak forward frequency transfer within the supertidal IW continuum. ID is also limited to the highest vertical wavenumbers and is more sensitive to resolution relative to spectrally local interactions. At the same time, ID-like processes involving high-vertical-wavenumber near-inertial and tidal waves as well as low-vertical-wavenumber eddy fields are substantial, suggesting that the processes giving rise to a Garrett–Munk-like spectra in the present numerical simulation and perhaps the real ocean may be more varied than in idealized or wave-only frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from 1992 to 2020

Author

Otosaka, Inès N., primary, Shepherd, Andrew, additional, Ivins, Erik R., additional, Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne, additional, Amory, Charles, additional, van den Broeke, Michiel R., additional, Horwath, Martin, additional, Joughin, Ian, additional, King, Michalea D., additional, Krinner, Gerhard, additional, Nowicki, Sophie, additional, Payne, Anthony J., additional, Rignot, Eric, additional, Scambos, Ted, additional, Simon, Karen M., additional, Smith, Benjamin E., additional, Sørensen, Louise S., additional, Velicogna, Isabella, additional, Whitehouse, Pippa L., additional, A, Geruo, additional, Agosta, Cécile, additional, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., additional, Blazquez, Alejandro, additional, Colgan, William, additional, Engdahl, Marcus E., additional, Fettweis, Xavier, additional, Forsberg, Rene, additional, Gallée, Hubert, additional, Gardner, Alex, additional, Gilbert, Lin, additional, Gourmelen, Noel, additional, Groh, Andreas, additional, Gunter, Brian C., additional, Harig, Christopher, additional, Helm, Veit, additional, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, additional, Kittel, Christoph, additional, Konrad, Hannes, additional, Langen, Peter L., additional, Lecavalier, Benoit S., additional, Liang, Chia-Chun, additional, Loomis, Bryant D., additional, McMillan, Malcolm, additional, Melini, Daniele, additional, Mernild, Sebastian H., additional, Mottram, Ruth, additional, Mouginot, Jeremie, additional, Nilsson, Johan, additional, Noël, Brice, additional, Pattle, Mark E., additional, Peltier, William R., additional, Pie, Nadege, additional, Roca, Mònica, additional, Sasgen, Ingo, additional, Save, Himanshu V., additional, Seo, Ki-Weon, additional, Scheuchl, Bernd, additional, Schrama, Ernst J. O., additional, Schröder, Ludwig, additional, Simonsen, Sebastian B., additional, Slater, Thomas, additional, Spada, Giorgio, additional, Sutterley, Tyler C., additional, Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, additional, van Wessem, Jan Melchior, additional, Wiese, David, additional, van der Wal, Wouter, additional, and Wouters, Bert, additional

Published
2023
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7. Mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from 1992 to 2020

Author

Otosaka, Inès N., Shepherd, Andrew, Ivins, Erik R., Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Amory, Charles, Van Den Broeke, Michiel R., Horwath, Martin, Joughin, Ian, King, Michalea D., Krinner, Gerhard, Nowicki, Sophie, Payne, Anthony J., Rignot, Eric, Scambos, Ted, Simon, Karen M., Smith, Benjamin E., Sørensen, Louise S., Velicogna, Isabella, Whitehouse, Pippa L., Geruo, A., Agosta, Cécile, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Blazquez, Alejandro, Colgan, William, Engdahl, Marcus E., Fettweis, Xavier, Forsberg, Rene, Gallée, Hubert, Gardner, Alex, Gilbert, Lin, Gourmelen, Noel, Groh, Andreas, Gunter, Brian C., Harig, Christopher, Helm, Veit, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, Kittel, Christoph, Konrad, Hannes, Langen, Peter L., Lecavalier, Benoit S., Liang, Chia Chun, Loomis, Bryant D., McMillan, Malcolm, Melini, Daniele, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mottram, Ruth, Mouginot, Jeremie, Nilsson, Johan, Noël, Brice, Pattle, Mark E., Peltier, William R., Pie, Nadege, Roca, Mònica, Sasgen, Ingo, Save, Himanshu V., Seo, Ki Weon, Scheuchl, Bernd, Schrama, Ernst J.O., Schröder, Ludwig, Simonsen, Sebastian B., Slater, Thomas, Spada, Giorgio, Sutterley, Tyler C., Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, Van Wessem, Jan Melchior, Wiese, David, Van Der Wal, Wouter, Wouters, Bert, Otosaka, Inès N., Shepherd, Andrew, Ivins, Erik R., Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Amory, Charles, Van Den Broeke, Michiel R., Horwath, Martin, Joughin, Ian, King, Michalea D., Krinner, Gerhard, Nowicki, Sophie, Payne, Anthony J., Rignot, Eric, Scambos, Ted, Simon, Karen M., Smith, Benjamin E., Sørensen, Louise S., Velicogna, Isabella, Whitehouse, Pippa L., Geruo, A., Agosta, Cécile, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Blazquez, Alejandro, Colgan, William, Engdahl, Marcus E., Fettweis, Xavier, Forsberg, Rene, Gallée, Hubert, Gardner, Alex, Gilbert, Lin, Gourmelen, Noel, Groh, Andreas, Gunter, Brian C., Harig, Christopher, Helm, Veit, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, Kittel, Christoph, Konrad, Hannes, Langen, Peter L., Lecavalier, Benoit S., Liang, Chia Chun, Loomis, Bryant D., McMillan, Malcolm, Melini, Daniele, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mottram, Ruth, Mouginot, Jeremie, Nilsson, Johan, Noël, Brice, Pattle, Mark E., Peltier, William R., Pie, Nadege, Roca, Mònica, Sasgen, Ingo, Save, Himanshu V., Seo, Ki Weon, Scheuchl, Bernd, Schrama, Ernst J.O., Schröder, Ludwig, Simonsen, Sebastian B., Slater, Thomas, Spada, Giorgio, Sutterley, Tyler C., Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, Van Wessem, Jan Melchior, Wiese, David, Van Der Wal, Wouter, and Wouters, Bert

Abstract

Ice losses from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have accelerated since the 1990s, accounting for a significant increase in the global mean sea level. Here, we present a new 29-year record of ice sheet mass balance from 1992 to 2020 from the Ice Sheet Mass Balance Inter-comparison Exercise (IMBIE). We compare and combine 50 independent estimates of ice sheet mass balance derived from satellite observations of temporal changes in ice sheet flow, in ice sheet volume, and in Earth's gravity field. Between 1992 and 2020, the ice sheets contributed 21.0±1.9g€¯mm to global mean sea level, with the rate of mass loss rising from 105g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 between 1992 and 1996 to 372g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 between 2016 and 2020. In Greenland, the rate of mass loss is 169±9g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 between 1992 and 2020, but there are large inter-annual variations in mass balance, with mass loss ranging from 86g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 in 2017 to 444g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 in 2019 due to large variability in surface mass balance. In Antarctica, ice losses continue to be dominated by mass loss from West Antarctica (82±9g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1) and, to a lesser extent, from the Antarctic Peninsula (13±5g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1). East Antarctica remains close to a state of balance, with a small gain of 3±15g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1, but is the most uncertain component of Antarctica's mass balance. The dataset is publicly available at 10.5285/77B64C55-7166-4A06-9DEF-2E400398E452 (IMBIE Team, 2021).

Published
2023

8. Mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from 1992 to 2020

Author

Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Structural geology and EM, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Otosaka, Inès N., Shepherd, Andrew, Ivins, Erik R., Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Amory, Charles, Van Den Broeke, Michiel R., Horwath, Martin, Joughin, Ian, King, Michalea D., Krinner, Gerhard, Nowicki, Sophie, Payne, Anthony J., Rignot, Eric, Scambos, Ted, Simon, Karen M., Smith, Benjamin E., Sørensen, Louise S., Velicogna, Isabella, Whitehouse, Pippa L., Geruo, A., Agosta, Cécile, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Blazquez, Alejandro, Colgan, William, Engdahl, Marcus E., Fettweis, Xavier, Forsberg, Rene, Gallée, Hubert, Gardner, Alex, Gilbert, Lin, Gourmelen, Noel, Groh, Andreas, Gunter, Brian C., Harig, Christopher, Helm, Veit, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, Kittel, Christoph, Konrad, Hannes, Langen, Peter L., Lecavalier, Benoit S., Liang, Chia Chun, Loomis, Bryant D., McMillan, Malcolm, Melini, Daniele, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mottram, Ruth, Mouginot, Jeremie, Nilsson, Johan, Noël, Brice, Pattle, Mark E., Peltier, William R., Pie, Nadege, Roca, Mònica, Sasgen, Ingo, Save, Himanshu V., Seo, Ki Weon, Scheuchl, Bernd, Schrama, Ernst J.O., Schröder, Ludwig, Simonsen, Sebastian B., Slater, Thomas, Spada, Giorgio, Sutterley, Tyler C., Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, Van Wessem, Jan Melchior, Wiese, David, Van Der Wal, Wouter, Wouters, Bert, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Structural geology and EM, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Otosaka, Inès N., Shepherd, Andrew, Ivins, Erik R., Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Amory, Charles, Van Den Broeke, Michiel R., Horwath, Martin, Joughin, Ian, King, Michalea D., Krinner, Gerhard, Nowicki, Sophie, Payne, Anthony J., Rignot, Eric, Scambos, Ted, Simon, Karen M., Smith, Benjamin E., Sørensen, Louise S., Velicogna, Isabella, Whitehouse, Pippa L., Geruo, A., Agosta, Cécile, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Blazquez, Alejandro, Colgan, William, Engdahl, Marcus E., Fettweis, Xavier, Forsberg, Rene, Gallée, Hubert, Gardner, Alex, Gilbert, Lin, Gourmelen, Noel, Groh, Andreas, Gunter, Brian C., Harig, Christopher, Helm, Veit, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, Kittel, Christoph, Konrad, Hannes, Langen, Peter L., Lecavalier, Benoit S., Liang, Chia Chun, Loomis, Bryant D., McMillan, Malcolm, Melini, Daniele, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mottram, Ruth, Mouginot, Jeremie, Nilsson, Johan, Noël, Brice, Pattle, Mark E., Peltier, William R., Pie, Nadege, Roca, Mònica, Sasgen, Ingo, Save, Himanshu V., Seo, Ki Weon, Scheuchl, Bernd, Schrama, Ernst J.O., Schröder, Ludwig, Simonsen, Sebastian B., Slater, Thomas, Spada, Giorgio, Sutterley, Tyler C., Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, Van Wessem, Jan Melchior, Wiese, David, Van Der Wal, Wouter, and Wouters, Bert

Published
2023

9. Dansgaard-Oeschger events in climate models: review and baseline Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) protocol

Author

European Union Center (US), Robinson, Alexander J. [0000-0003-3519-5293], Malmierca-Vallet, Irene, Sime, Louise C., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Born, Andreas, Bouttes, Nathaelle, DItlevsen, Peter, Erb, Michael P., Feulner, Georg, Gowan, Evan J., Gregoire, Lauren, Guo, Chuncheng, Harrison, Sandy P., Andres, Heather, Kageyama, Masa, Klockmann, Marlene, Lambert, Fabrice, LeGrande, Allegra N., Merkel, Ute, Nazarenko, Larissa S., Nisancioglu, Kerim H., Oliver, Kevin, Otto-Bliesner, Bette, Peltier, William R., Prange, Matthias, Rehfeld, Kira, Robinson, Alexander J., Tarasov, Lev, Valdes, Paul J., Vettoretti, Guido, Weitzel, Nils, Zhang, Qiong, Zhang, Xu, European Union Center (US), Robinson, Alexander J. [0000-0003-3519-5293], Malmierca-Vallet, Irene, Sime, Louise C., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Born, Andreas, Bouttes, Nathaelle, DItlevsen, Peter, Erb, Michael P., Feulner, Georg, Gowan, Evan J., Gregoire, Lauren, Guo, Chuncheng, Harrison, Sandy P., Andres, Heather, Kageyama, Masa, Klockmann, Marlene, Lambert, Fabrice, LeGrande, Allegra N., Merkel, Ute, Nazarenko, Larissa S., Nisancioglu, Kerim H., Oliver, Kevin, Otto-Bliesner, Bette, Peltier, William R., Prange, Matthias, Rehfeld, Kira, Robinson, Alexander J., Tarasov, Lev, Valdes, Paul J., Vettoretti, Guido, Weitzel, Nils, Zhang, Qiong, and Zhang, Xu

Abstract

Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events, millennial-scale climate oscillations between stadial and interstadial conditions (of up to 10-15°C in amplitude at high northern latitudes), occurred throughout the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3; 27.8-59.4ka) period. The climate modelling community up to now has not been able to answer the question of whether our climate models are too stable to simulate D-O events. To address this, this paper lays the ground-work for a MIS3 D-O protocol for general circulation models which are used in the International Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) assessments. We review the following: D-O terminology, community progress on simulating D-O events in these IPCC-class models (processes and published examples), and evidence about the boundary conditions under which D-O events occur. We find that no model exhibits D-O-like behaviour under pre-industrial conditions. Some, but not all, models exhibit D-O-like oscillations under MIS3 and/or full glacial conditions. Greenhouse gases and ice sheet configurations are crucial. However most models have not run simulations of long enough duration to be sure which models show D-O-like behaviour, under either MIS3 or full glacial states. We propose a MIS3 baseline protocol at 34ka, which features low obliquity values, medium to low MIS3 greenhouse gas values, and the intermediate ice sheet configuration, which our review suggests are most conducive to D-O-like behaviour in models. We also provide a protocol for a second freshwater (Heinrich-event-preconditioned) experiment, since previous work suggests that this variant may be helpful in preconditioning a state in models which is conducive to D-O events. This review provides modelling groups investigating MIS3 D-O oscillations with a common framework, which is aimed at (1) maximising the chance of the occurrence of D-O-like events in the simulations, (2) allowing more precise model-data evaluation, and (3) providing an adequate central point for modellers to expl

Published
2023

10. Dansgaard-Oeschger events in climate models:review and baseline Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) protocol

Author

Malmierca-Vallet, Irene, Sime, Louise C., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Born, Andreas, Bouttes, Nathaelle, DItlevsen, Peter, Erb, Michael P., Feulner, Georg, Gowan, Evan J., Gregoire, Lauren, Guo, Chuncheng, Harrison, Sandy P., Andres, Heather, Kageyama, Masa, Klockmann, Marlene, Lambert, Fabrice, LeGrande, Allegra N., Merkel, Ute, Nazarenko, Larissa S., Nisancioglu, Kerim H., Oliver, Kevin, Otto-Bliesner, Bette, Peltier, William R., Prange, Matthias, Rehfeld, Kira, Robinson, Alexander J., Tarasov, Lev, Valdes, Paul J., Vettoretti, Guido, Weitzel, Nils, Zhang, Qiong, Zhang, Xu, Malmierca-Vallet, Irene, Sime, Louise C., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Born, Andreas, Bouttes, Nathaelle, DItlevsen, Peter, Erb, Michael P., Feulner, Georg, Gowan, Evan J., Gregoire, Lauren, Guo, Chuncheng, Harrison, Sandy P., Andres, Heather, Kageyama, Masa, Klockmann, Marlene, Lambert, Fabrice, LeGrande, Allegra N., Merkel, Ute, Nazarenko, Larissa S., Nisancioglu, Kerim H., Oliver, Kevin, Otto-Bliesner, Bette, Peltier, William R., Prange, Matthias, Rehfeld, Kira, Robinson, Alexander J., Tarasov, Lev, Valdes, Paul J., Vettoretti, Guido, Weitzel, Nils, Zhang, Qiong, and Zhang, Xu

Abstract

Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events, millennial-scale climate oscillations between stadial and interstadial conditions (of up to 10-15°C in amplitude at high northern latitudes), occurred throughout the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3; 27.8-59.4ka) period. The climate modelling community up to now has not been able to answer the question of whether our climate models are too stable to simulate D-O events. To address this, this paper lays the ground-work for a MIS3 D-O protocol for general circulation models which are used in the International Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) assessments. We review the following: D-O terminology, community progress on simulating D-O events in these IPCC-class models (processes and published examples), and evidence about the boundary conditions under which D-O events occur. We find that no model exhibits D-O-like behaviour under pre-industrial conditions. Some, but not all, models exhibit D-O-like oscillations under MIS3 and/or full glacial conditions. Greenhouse gases and ice sheet configurations are crucial. However most models have not run simulations of long enough duration to be sure which models show D-O-like behaviour, under either MIS3 or full glacial states. We propose a MIS3 baseline protocol at 34ka, which features low obliquity values, medium to low MIS3 greenhouse gas values, and the intermediate ice sheet configuration, which our review suggests are most conducive to D-O-like behaviour in models. We also provide a protocol for a second freshwater (Heinrich-event-preconditioned) experiment, since previous work suggests that this variant may be helpful in preconditioning a state in models which is conducive to D-O events. This review provides modelling groups investigating MIS3 D-O oscillations with a common framework, which is aimed at (1) maximising the chance of the occurrence of D-O-like events in the simulations, (2) allowing more precise model-data evaluation, and (3) providing an adequate central point for modellers to e

Published
2023

11. Mass Balance of the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets from 1992 to 2020

Author

Otosaka, Inès N., primary, Shepherd, Andrew, additional, Ivins, Erik R., additional, Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne, additional, Amory, Charles, additional, van den Broeke, Michiel, additional, Horwath, Martin, additional, Joughin, Ian, additional, King, Michalea, additional, Krinner, Gerhard, additional, Nowicki, Sophie, additional, Payne, Tony, additional, Rignot, Eric, additional, Scambos, Ted, additional, Simon, Karen M., additional, Smith, Benjamin, additional, Sandberg Sørensen, Louise, additional, Velicogna, Isabella, additional, Whitehouse, Pippa, additional, A, Geruo, additional, Agosta, Cécile, additional, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., additional, Blazquez, Alejandro, additional, Colgan, William, additional, Engdahl, Marcus, additional, Fettweis, Xavier, additional, Forsberg, Rene, additional, Gallée, Hubert, additional, Gardner, Alex, additional, Gilbert, Lin, additional, Gourmelen, Noel, additional, Groh, Andreas, additional, Gunter, Brian C., additional, Harig, Christopher, additional, Helm, Veit, additional, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, additional, Konrad, Hannes, additional, Langen, Peter, additional, Lecavalier, Benoit, additional, Liang, Chia-Chun, additional, Loomis, Bryant, additional, McMillan, Malcolm, additional, Melini, Daniele, additional, Mernild, Sebastian H., additional, Mottram, Ruth, additional, Mouginot, Jeremie, additional, Nilsson, Johan, additional, Noël, Brice, additional, Pattle, Mark E., additional, Peltier, William R., additional, Pie, Nadege, additional, Sasgen, Ingo, additional, Save, Himanshu, additional, Seo, Ki-Weon, additional, Scheuchl, Bernd, additional, Schrama, Ernst, additional, Schröder, Ludwig, additional, Simonsen, Sebastian B., additional, Slater, Thomas, additional, Spada, Giorgio, additional, Sutterley, Tyler, additional, Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, additional, van Wessem, Jan Melchior, additional, Wiese, David, additional, van der Wal, Wouter, additional, and Wouters, Bert, additional

Published
2022
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13. Buoyant convection in the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction. I. Thermally driven convection and distortion of chemical waves.

Author

Zhang, Dongmei, Peltier, William R., and Armstrong, Robin L.

Subjects
*WAVE functions, *CHEMICAL reactions, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging
Abstract

A numerical study of the complete system of reaction-diffusion-convection equations that govern the dynamics of Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reactive fluid has been carried out in order to better understand the interaction of chemical waves with thermally driven buoyant convection in the BZ system. It was shown by direct numerical simulation that such convection may be responsible for inducing the abrupt and continuous changes of chemical wave velocity which have been routinely observed in experiments using magnetic resonance imaging techniques. Distortions of chemical waves propagating in upright cylindrical tubes, by the axisymmetric mode of convection, were predicted by the numerical simulation that strongly resemble those observed experimentally. © 1995 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1995
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14. Buoyant convection in the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction. II. Chemically driven convection and instability of the wave structure.

Author

Zhang, Dongmei, Peltier, William R., and Armstrong, Robin L.

Subjects
*WAVE functions, *CHEMICAL reactions, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging, *DIFFUSION
Abstract

A numerical study of the complete system of reaction-diffusion-convection equations that govern the dynamics of Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reactive fluid has been conducted in order to understand the interaction of chemical waves with fluid convection induced by chemical reactions. In the regime studied, it was found that although the heat of reaction alone could drive convection, it was too weak to destabilize the wave. When the influence of the isothermal chemical reactions was combined with that of the heat of reaction, however, convective instability of the wave structure could result for both up-going and down-going waves. The regime in the parameter space was defined within which instability of the up-going wave and stable propagation of the down-going wave is expected, as observed in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) experiment. The velocity of an undistorted wave front in the presence of convection was found to be independent of the lateral scale of the system and the direction of wave propagation, as was also observed in the MRI experiment. © 1995 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1995
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17. Deterministic chaos in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction: Experiments and simulations.

Author

Dongmei Zhang, Gyorgyi, Laszlo, and Peltier, William R.

Subjects
BELOUSOV-Zhabotinskii reaction, DYNAMICS, OSCILLATING chemical reactions, FAREY sequences
Abstract

Presents an account of the experimental discovery of complex dynamical behavior in the continuous-flow, stirred tank reactor Belousov-Zhabotinskii (BZ) reaction. Field-Koros-Noyes mechanisms of the BZ reaction; Most frequently used tool in studying temporal behavior of a chemical system; Early observations of complex oscillations; Discovery of Farey sequences.

Published
1993
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18. Past and future polar amplification of climate change: climate model intercomparisons and ice-core constraints

Author

Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Kageyama, Masa, Braconnot, Pascale, Charbit, Sylvie, Krinner, Gerhard, Ritz, Catherine, Guilyardi, Eric, Jouzel, Jean, Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Crucifix, Michel, Gladstone, Rupert M., Hewitt, Chris D., Kitoh, Akio, Legrande, Allegra, Marti, Oliver, Merkel, Ute, Motoi, Tatsuo, Ohgaito, Rumi, Otto-Bliesner, Bette, Peltier, William R., Ross, Ian, Valdes, Paul J., Vettoretti, Guido, Weber, S. L., Wolk, F., 阿部, 彩子, 鬼頭, 昭雄, 本井, 達夫, 大垣内, るみ, Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Kageyama, Masa, Braconnot, Pascale, Charbit, Sylvie, Krinner, Gerhard, Ritz, Catherine, Guilyardi, Eric, Jouzel, Jean, Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Crucifix, Michel, Gladstone, Rupert M., Hewitt, Chris D., Kitoh, Akio, Legrande, Allegra, Marti, Oliver, Merkel, Ute, Motoi, Tatsuo, Ohgaito, Rumi, Otto-Bliesner, Bette, Peltier, William R., Ross, Ian, Valdes, Paul J., Vettoretti, Guido, Weber, S. L., Wolk, F., 阿部, 彩子, 鬼頭, 昭雄, 本井, 達夫, and 大垣内, るみ

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19. Deterministic chaos in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction: Experiments and simulations.

Author

Zhang D, Gyorgyi L, and Peltier WR

Abstract

An account of the experimental discovery of complex dynamical behavior in the continuous-flow, stirred tank reactor (CSTR) Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction, as well as numerical simulations based on the BZ chemistry are given. The most recent four- and three-variable models that are deduced from the well-accepted, updated chemical mechanism of the BZ reaction and which exhibit robust chaotic states are summarized. Chaos has been observed in experiments and simulations embedded in the regions of complexities at both low and high flow rates. The deterministic nature of the observed aperiodicities at low flow rates is unequivocally established. However, controversy still remains in the interpretation of certain aperiodicities observed at high flow rates.

Published
1993
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