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Background/aims Sepsis is one of the major problems encountered in intensive care units, causing organ damage and increasing mortality. Suberosin (SBR) is a type of coumarin with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The goal of this study is to explore the protective effects of SBR on the lungs in a rat model of sepsis. Methods Male Wistar rats were utilized in this study. A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model was applied to induce sepsis. Rats were separated into six groups with nine animals in each group, including healthy control, SBR, CLP, and CLP + SBR (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) groups. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) enzyme activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Histopathological changes in the lungs were investigated with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Results MDA levels and GSH and SOD enzyme activities were negatively affected in the CLP group, but SBR treatment ameliorated these oxidative stress parameters in the SBR1-3 groups (p

The aim of this study was to investigate secondary school students’ tendency to violence, doing active sport or not. The sampling group of the study was consisted of 101 girls and 99 boys in the total 200 secondary school students in Kütahya city center of whose ages differs between of 12-14. In the study tendency to violence scale, developed by Göka and colleagues, was used as data gathering tool. In the evaluation of the data SPSS package program for Windows was used and after reliability of the scale was assessed One Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied for if the obtained data was showing normal distribution and also as hypotheses tests Independent Samples t Test was applied for pairwise comparisons and One Way ANOVA test was applied for triple or more comparisons. As a result of the study there were no significant differences between students’ tendency to violence according to their ages and sport participation situations, on the other hand there were significant differences according to their class and perceived success in class. This study showed that class and perceived success in class are predictors of tendency to violence.

Aim: To demonstrate the possible protective efficacy of nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with demonstrated antifibrotic and antitumor activity, in a model of acute lung injury (ALI), a severe lung disease, through NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 male Wistar albino rats were used. These rats were divided into 5 groups of equal sizes. Before the experiment began, nintedanib was administered orally to selected groups at doses of 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg. At 24 hours, 12 hours, or 1 hour after nintedanib administration, rats selected for the lung injury model were administered intratracheal LPS. Interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) amounts were measured by ELISA method and NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and NF-kB gene expressions were measured by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: It was observed that administration of nintedanib lowered the elevated NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and NF-κB expressions and the IL-1β and TNF-α cytokine levels in the tissues of rats with LPS-induced ALI. The findings obtained for the rats included in the lung injury group that received 50 mg/kg nintedanib were most similar to those of the healthy control group. Conclusion: In rats modeled with ALI, nintedanib was shown to modulate the NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway and reduce the effects of ALI.

Background/Aims Sepsis is an uncontrolled systemic infection, withcomplex pathophysiology that may result in acute lung organ damage and cause multiple organ failure. Although much research has been conducted to illuminate sepsis’s complex pathophysiology, sepsis treatment protocols are limited, and sepsis remains an important cause of mortality andmorbidity in intensive care units.Various studies have shown that idebenone (IDE) possesses strong antioxidant properties, which inhibit lipid peroxidation and protect cells from oxidative damage. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of IDE against lung injury in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis rat model. Methods Male albino Wistar rats were used. The animals were divided into a healthy control (no treatment), CLP, IDE control (200 mg/kg), and CLP + IDE subgroups (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg), with nine rats in each group.IDE was administered 1 h after CLP induction.To evaluate the protective effects of IDE, lung tissues were collected 16 h after sepsis for biochemical, immunohistochemical staining, and histopathological examination. Results IDE significantly ameliorated sepsis-induced disturbances in oxidative stress-related factors, with its effects increasing in accordance with the dose.IDE also abolished histopathological changes in lung tissues associated with CLP.Furthermore, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) immunopositivity markedly decreased in the septic rats following IDE treatment. Conclusions IDE largely mitigated the inflammatory response in sepsis-induced lung injury by decreasing free radicals and preventing lipid peroxidation. The results suggest that IDE may represent a potential novel therapeutic drug for sepsis treatment.

Colchicine intoxication is a rare, but potentially life-threatening, toxicologic emergency. Colchicine is a unique drug that is largely effective in treatment of several diseases. A 17- year old female patient was admitted to intensive care unit 12 hours after taking 25 mg colchicine. Serious complications were not encountered during the follow up period. In this case we aimed to discuss the clinical features and outcomes of the colchicine intoxication. [Med-Science 2016; 5(3.000): 851-6]

Chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can be traumatic. We report a rare complication of CPR in which the patient experienced 2 rib fractures associated with tension pneumothorax. An 83 year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic renal disease was accepted with respiratory insufficiency. In a few minutes, he developed hypotension, bradycardia, and hypoxia. As a consequence of cardiac arrest, basic life support was performed. It was realized that the left side of the chest had little movement while the right side was hyperexpanded. Chest radiograph showed a right sided pneumothorax. A 14G intravenous cannula was inserted through the second right intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line. Afterwards an intercostal tube was inserted in the same place. Nevertheless, the patient died approximately 30 hours after admission. Tension pneumothorax is a well known complication of intermittent-positive-pressure ventilation (IPPV) and chronic lung disease. Tension pneumothorax may be difficult to diagnose and therefore, maybe missed during a complex resuscitation attempt. Since diagnosis is difficult during ongoing resuscitation, either a chest tube or intercostal cutdown can be considered following needle thoracocentesis to exclude tension pneumothorax as a probable cause of refractory cardiac arrest in high-risk patients. [Med-Science 2016; 5(2.000): 734-7]

Elderly patients have increased risk for perioperative and postoperative mortality and morbidity due to additional comorbidities, such as cardiac diseases. Anesthesia and surgery in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) are associated with high perioperative morbidity and mortality, and elective surgeries should generally be avoided fort this reason. Anesthesia and surgery are associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality in patients with PH due mainly to right ventricular failure, arrhythmias, postoperative hypoxemia, and myocardial ischemia. Regional anesthesia techniques are usually preferred in high-risk patients due to some advantages, such as the maintenance of cardiovascular stability and early postoperative mobilisation. This case presents the anaesthetic approach in a 87-year-old male patient with atrial fibrilation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary hypertension who underwent hip fracture surgery. In the present case, continuous spinal anesthesia with low-dose hyperbaric bupivacaine provided safe and effective anaesthesia during surgery with minimal haemodynamic changes and analgesia during the first 24 hours after surgery. [Med-Science 2016; 5(2.000): 742-6]

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of SLAP lesions in patients with chronic impingement syndrome. We also examined the sensitivity of O’Brien’s test.Materials and Methods: The study included 48 patients with a preliminary chronic impingement syndrome diagnosis to whom arthroscopic decompression had been planned. All patients underwent preoperative Neer’s, Hawkins’ and O’Brien’s tests. We performed shoulder arthroscopy on all patients and evaluated chronic impingement syndrome and SLAP lesions. Then, we compared the statistical sensitivities of these tests.Results: The mean age of patients with chronic impingement was 45.8 years (range, 35-69 years). O’brien’s test was positive in 34 (70.8%) of the patients, and Neer’s test and Hawkins’ test were positive in 46 (95.8%) of the patients before shoulder arthroscopy. Shoulder arthroscopy revealed that 44 (91.7%) of 48 patients had subacromial impingement; 32 (66.7%) had SLAP lesions and internal impingement. In chronic impingement syndrome, sensitivity rates were 95.6% for Neer’s test and Hawkins’ test, whereas in internal impingement syndrome and slap lesions, the sensitivity of O’brien’s test was 94.1%. There was no statistical difference between the tests (p>0.05). Conclusion: 72.72% of the patients with chronic impingement syndrome had concomitant SLAP lesions. We suggest that O’Brien’s test should be used with Neer’s and Hawkins’ tests for diagnosis of this condition.