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Abstract Context Immigrants from the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) are more prevalent in Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Israel than their percentage in the general population. Aims To compare their characteristics and outcomes to those of Israeli-born and other immigrant patients. Methods Retention and survival since admission (June/1993–Dec/2022) until leaving treatment (for retention), or at the end of follow-up were analyzed. Vital data was taken from a national registry. Predictors were estimated using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression models. Results The USSR patients (N = 262) compared with other immigrants (N = 132) and Israeli-born (N = 696) were more educated (≥ 12y) (p

Abstract Context Opioid use disorder (OUD) poses significant public health problems that have increased dramatically, resulting in high rates of morbidity and mortality. Objectives To minimize the risk of an opioid epidemic in Israel and be prepared, we evaluated physicians’ objective knowledge, level of stigma, and approach to prescribing opioids, risk factors, and identification of patients with substance use disorder (SUD), as well as their knowledge about opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) for OUD. Methods Anonymous computerized questionnaires were distributed nationally to physicians by the Israel Medical Association. Knowledge, stigma, and approach were scored. Results Of only 249 responders, 58.6% prescribe opioids, 32.1% prescribe cannabis, and 18.5% daily encounter patients with SUD. Logistic regression found the high knowledge group had daily encounters with SUD (Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.5, 95% CI 1.7–7.1) and were familiar with OMT (OR = 10.1, 95% CI 3.5–29.0). The high stigma group was characterized by physicians who prescribe opioids (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–2.9), but who self-reported having limited knowledge regarding OMT (OR = 2, 95% CI 1.1–3.7). The high approach group was characterized by those who prescribe opioids (OR = 11.7, 95% CI 4.9–28), prescribe cannabis (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.0–4.3), self-report having limited knowledge regarding OMT (OR = 11.2, 95% CI 1.4–89) and self-report identifying SUD (OR = 32.5, 95% CI 4.1–260). Conclusion High stigma was most evident among physicians who prescribe opioids but, importantly, who had limited knowledge specifically regarding OMT. Gaps in knowledge and approach were observed. An educational intervention is highly recommended to reduce stigma and increase referrals of patients for OMT, the most effective treatment for opioid use disorder.

We aimed to evaluate the mindfulness trait, its relations to perceived stress, and whether they change as a result of outpatient psychiatric non-mindfulness treatment among 21 patients with psychiatric disorders. Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS) and mindfulness trait (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, FFMQ) questionnaires were administered to patients with psychiatric disorders on admission and following 6 weeks of treatment. The Clinical Global Impression Severity scale (CGI-S) was also assessed. Repeated measures were used to assess variables that related to changes in the PSS and FFMQ scores over time. On admission, the PSS score was inversely correlated with the FFMQ score, and it was higher among patients with current pain and a CGI-S score [greater than or equal to] 5. The PSS score declined, and the 'non-judge' domain of the five sub-scores of the FFMQ score increased after 6 weeks of treatment. An interaction between change in 'non-judge' scores and the CGI-S score at baseline showed that scores improved among the severe (CGI-S [greater than or equal to] 5) group only, achieving comparable scores after 6 weeks. Stress lowered following treatment but the mindfulness trait remained unchanged and probably needs specific intervention., Author(s): Fida Mugrabi [sup.1] , Lihi Rozner [sup.1] , Einat Peles [sup.2] [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.413449.f, 0000 0001 0518 6922, Department of Psychiatry, Adelson Clinic, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, [...]

Lifetime potential and probable pathological gambling (PG) were assessed using the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) questionnaire. The prevalence between patients in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Tel Aviv (Israel, gambling is illegal) and MMT patients in Las Vegas (NV, USA, gambling is legal) was compared. Urine toxicology and substance use was assessed as well. PG at MMT admission was higher in Tel Aviv (48/178, 27%) than in Las Vegas (19/113, 16.8%; p = .05). In Tel Aviv gambling mostly preceded opiate abuse (58.3%), while it followed opiate abuse in Las Vegas (66.7%, p < .001). Only 20.8% in Tel Aviv and 21.1% in Las Vegas were currently gambling. Multivariate analyses found older age on admission to MMT odds ratio (OR) = 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.08), being male OR = 2.6 (95% CI 1.3-5.3) and being from the Tel Aviv MMT clinic OR = 2.5 (95% CI 1.3-4.9) to characterize PG. Detection of any drug in MMT admission urine specimens was unrelated to PG. Older age on admission to MMT, and male gender characterized PG in different MMT clinics, independent of the legal status of gambling. Low current PG rates for patients in both MMT clinics suggest that legality may not be relevant. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01034.x