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Background/Aim: Age estimation is of great importance due to legal requirements. Although there are many methods used, most of them are based on age related dental changes. Artificial intelligence based programs, one of the most current and popular topics in recent years, are becoming more and more important in dental studies. This study aims to measure the performance of deep learning in forensic age estimation from mandibular third molars using panoramic radiographs. Material and Methods: In our study, panoramic radiographs of male and female patients between the ages of 16-26 years who applied to our department for various reasons were used. The pixel-based Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) method, one of the types of artificial neural networks, was applied. The high performance ResNeXt-101 model and Adamax algorithm were selected. The learning rate was set to 0.001. The dataset was labeled with the DentiAssist platform and randomly divided into 80% training and 20% testing. 1296 data under 18 and 1036 data over 18 were used. Dropout method was applied in case of over memorization. In the last step of the hidden layer, a linear two-class prediction was obtained using a structured fully connected layer. Results: The performance metrics for the ResNeXt neural network were 4.36% accuracy, 83.95% precision, 84.56% recall, 84.56% F1-score and 84.14% F1-score (80% confidence interval) when adequate training was provided. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence, which eliminates the subjective margin of error compared to conventional methods and rapidly processes a large amount of data, has achieved promising results in forensic age determination.

The present study was conducted to determine the thoughts of children, whose lives are governed by decisions taken by adults, on the right to self-determination. The study was conducted as a generic qualitative research, a qualitative research design. The study group included 16 children. The data were collected with semi-structured interviews conducted with children. Before the data collection process, the solo test game was played with children as ice breaker. After the solo test game, the modified version of the Cinderella fairy tale was read by the children and they were asked questions about the fairy tale. The objective of the modified Cinderella tale was to make children imagine a world where the decisions are taken by children. After the fairy tales, the semi-structured interview was conducted. The interviews were conducted upon the approval of the children to record the conversations, and the replies provided by children who did not provide approval for voice recordings were noted by the first author. The findings were analyzed with descriptive analysis. Based on the analysis results, the collected data was grouped in five categories that were organized under two themes. In conclusion, students stated that they were able to decide on daily matters such as selecting clothes, what to eat, however, they were presented with no choices in matters that could affect their lives such as school selection. Children stated that adults do not believe that children can make decisions on issues relevant to children's lives.

This research was conducted to assess the fatigue and burnout levels of nurses and the factors affecting those levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. This descriptive-correlational research was carried out with 270 nurses at a university hospital in the eastern region of Turkey. To collect data, ‘Information Form, ‘The Checklist Individual Strength' and ‘The Maslach Burnout Inventory' were used. It was found that the mean age of the nurses who participated in this study was 27.5±5.7 years, 73.3% were female, 82.6% were bachelor graduates, 63% were single, 35.2% worked in intensive care units. It was found that the nurses obtained a total score of 94.6±20.5 on the CIS and 48.4±8.3 points on the MBI. Nurses' fatigue levels were high and burnout levels were moderate. A positive correlation was found between fatigue and burnout (r: .288**, p=.000). The difference between gender, weekly working hours, duration of professional experience (not with fatigue) and working unit and fatigue and burnout was found to be statistically significant (p [Med-Science 2022; 11(1.000): 310-20]

In this study, it was aimed to determine the situation of violence against 112 healthcare workers and the consequences of violence.This research was conducted in a descriptive type. The sample of the study consists of 286 healthcare workers.A participant information form and a questionnaire on violence were used to collect data. While 61 of the participants experienced violence once in the workplace, 115 of them stated that they experienced it many times. The majority of those who were subjected to violence stated that they were subjected to verbal violence and that verbal violence was mostly in the form of swearing, insults and threats. Most of the participants state that violence will be prevented by training, increasing the sentences and pre-trial detention. In the research, it is seen that there is violence against healthcare workers and especially verbal violence is more common. It is recommended to organize trainings to prevent violence, to increase public awareness and to increase sanctions against individuals who use violence. [Med-Science 2022; 11(1.000): 75-80]

Copyright of Pamukkale Medical Journal is the property of Pamukkale Journal of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bu çalışmada evlat edinen ve koruyucu ailelerin özellikle erken müdahale uygulamalarında bebek ve küçük çocuklarıyla ilgili eğitim ihtiyaçlarını ve taleplerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Nitel bir durum çalışması olan araştırmanın katılımcılarını, Ankara ilinde ikamet eden evlat edinen ve koruyucu aile olan 11 kişi (2’si çift, 2baba, 9 anne) oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılar uygun örnekleme tekniğinden yararlanılarak Ankara Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler İl Müdürlüğü aracılığıyla belirlenmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme soruları kullanılmıştır. Odak grup görüşmeleriyle elde edilen veriler, “Bebekliğe bakış, Bebekle ebeveyn arasındaki ilişkiye bakış, Bebeklik dönemiyle ilgili merak edilenler, Yeterlikler, yetersizlikler ve güçlükler, Bebeklik dönemiyle ilgili bilgilerin öğrenildiği kanallar, Verilecek eğitimin içeriğiyle ilgili öneriler” kategorileri altında toplanmıştır. Araştırma Ankara Kalkınma Ajansı tarafından desteklenmiş; Gazi Üniversitesi’nin yürütücülüğü, Ankara Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler İl Müdürlüğü’nün ortaklığı ile gerçekleşen Güvenli Bebekler Güvenli Yarınlar projesi kapsamında yapılmıştır.

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research aims to understand the perceptions of a group of secondary school teachers and principals regarding the place of academic achievement within the bureaucratic accountability structure. The research focus is, from the educators' perspectives, to what extent the Ministry of National Education holds them and their schools accountable for academic achievement. The data were obtained from semi-structured interviews with a group of 30 teachers and school principals from seven secondary schools. The schools are distinguished by their distinctive features in the Turkish education system, which stands out with its bureaucratic character. The findings indicate that the accountability relationship between the upper hierarchical units of the country's education system and the schools is perceived to be quite weak or even uncertain in terms of academic achievement. The educators seem to think that there is no expectation of achievement and they rigorously criticize existing expectations. They claim that because their achievement status is not monitored, they do not encounter any intervention or sanction in cases of failure. The findings provide a critical perspective of the costs of bureaucratic accountability as well as a query on the ideal type of bureaucracy in practice.

Copyright of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) is the property of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study evaluated the diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence system to detect separated endodontic instruments on periapical radiograph radiographs. Three hundred seven periapical radiographs were collected and divided into 222 for training and 85 for testing to be fed to the Mask R‐CNN model. Periapical radiographs were assigned to the training and test set and labelled on the DentiAssist labeling platform. Labelled polygonal objects had their bounding boxes automatically generated by the DentiAssist system. Fractured instruments were classified and segmented. As a result of the proposed method, the mean average precision (mAP) metric was 98.809%, the precision value was 95.238, while the recall reached 98.765 and the f1 score 96.969%. The threshold value of 80% was chosen for the bounding boxes working with the Intersection over Union (IoU) technique. The Mask R‐CNN distinguished separated endodontic instruments on periapical radiographs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was carried out to determine the evidence-based practice (EBP) competencies of nursing students studying in a university and the effective factors. This study is descriptive and cross-sectional of nursing students studying at Inonu University. In the research, a sample selection was not made, as the research aimed to reach the whole university. In the study, two data collection tools were used. A personal information form was developed by the researcher to determine the socio-demographic and academic achievement status of the students, as was a student evidence-based practice questionnaire (S-EBPQ). The data were collected from 15 September to 1 October 2018 by face-to-face interview technique. The mean score of the students in the S-EBPQ was found to be 83.75±10.02; the mean score obtained from the behavior subscale was found to be 48.87±7.54; the mean score obtained from the skill subscale was 19.70±3.67, and the mean score obtained from the knowledge subscale was 18.63±3.29. As a result of this study evaluating the EBP competencies of nursing students, the students knowledge, skills, and attitudes subscale, as well as their total average score, were found to be above average. [Med-Science 2019; 8(4.000): 957-62]

The present study was conducted to determine the thoughts of children, whose lives are governed by decisions taken by adults, on the right to self-determination. The study was conducted as a generic qualitative research, a qualitative research design. The study group included 16 chil-dren. The data were collected with semi-structured interviews conducted with children. Before the data collection process, the solo test game was played with children as ice breaker. After the solo test game, the modified version of the Cinderella fairy tale was read by the children and they were asked questions about the fairy tale. The objective of the modified Cinderella tale was to make children imagine a world where the decisions are taken by children. After the fairy tales, the semi-structured interview was conducted. The interviews were conducted upon the ap-proval of the children to record the conversations, and the replies provided by children who did not provide approval for voice recordings were noted by the first author. The findings were analyzed with descriptive analysis. Based on the analysis results, the collected data was grouped in five categories that were organized under two themes. In conclusion, students stated that they were able to decide on daily matters such as selecting clothes, what to eat, however, they were presented with no choices in matters that could affect their lives such as school selection. Children stated that adults do not believe that children can make decisions on issues relevant to children’s lives.

OBJECTIVE: Visnagin (Vis) is a compound found in the flowers and seeds of the Ammi visnaga plant with promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to investigate the dose-dependent gonadoprotective effects of visnagin in rats while considering oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation-related protein expression levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight adult rats were divided into four groups of seven animals each; control, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), I/R+30Vis, and I/R+60Vis. Animals in control received no surgical application and were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. The rats in I/R, I/R + Vis30, and I/R + Vis60 were exposed to testicular ischemia and the animals in I/R + Vis30, and I/R + Vis60 groups received either 30 or 60 mg/kg visnagin intraperitoneal. At the end of the experiment, testis tissues were used for the measurement of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. RESULTS: Our microscopic examinations indicated that I/R resulted in testicular degenerations and morphological alterations, which were improved in visnagin-treated animals. The biochemical analyses demonstrated that oxidative stress in the I/R group increased significantly (p<0.05) compared to the control group. The im munohistochemical examinations showed that pro-apoptotic Bax and Caspase 3 expressions, and pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) levels were significantly up-regulated (p<0.05) but proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA) levels in I/R group was significantly (p<0.001) down-regulated compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Ischemia leading to testicular torsion is a reproductive health-affecting problem, and current surgical treatment methods might be insufficient to recover the testis due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our observations indicate that visnagin is a potential co-modality along with the surgical interventions for the recovery of ischemia encountered testis, but we believe the requirement of more detailed studies to explore the underlying signaling pathways and the strength of visnagin against testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we sought to compare the effects of general and regional anesthesia techniques on the length of hospital stay and morbidity-mortality in geriatric patients who have had hip fractures and underwent surgical treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 331 patients who were 65 or older and had had surgical treatment for elective or urgent hip fractures were classified into two groups; regional and general anesthesia. Recorded variables were: age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, comorbid disease, length of stay at the clinic, mortality, morbidity, intraoperative loss of blood, the necessity of blood transfusion, and type of fracture. These variables were compared in the control groups and evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: For the regional anesthesia group, length of stay in the clinic, loss of blood, and necessity of blood transfusion were significantly lower compared to the general anesthesia group (p<0.05). Additionally, we found general anesthesia mortality and morbidity rates were significantly higher than regional anesthesia (p<0.05). Finally, we determined that increased age and number of comorbid diseases increased the morbidity and mortality rates significantly (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated regional anesthesia's advantages over general anesthesia when treating geriatric hip fractures. This includes reduced morbidity-mortality rates, bleeding, and shorter length of hospital stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study DesignA single-center, retrospective patient review of clinical and radiological outcomes of microsurgical posterior lumbar interbody fusion and decompression, without posterior instrumentation, for the treatment of lateral recess stenosis.PurposeThis study documented the clinical and radiological results of microsurgical posterior lumbar interbody fusion and decompression of the lateral recess using interbody cages without posterior instrumentation for the treatment of lateral recess stenosis.Overview of LiteratureAlthough microsurgery has some advantages, various complications have been reported following microsurgical decompression, including cage migration, pseudoarthrosis, neurologic deficits, and persistent pain.MethodsA total of 34 patients (13 men, 21 women), with a mean age of 56.65±9.1 years (range, 40-77 years) confirmed spinal stability, and preoperative radiological findings of lateral recess stenosis, were included in the study. Interbody polyetheretherketone cages and auto grafts were used in all patients. Posterior instrumentation was not used because of limited resection of the posterior lumbar structures. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs, computed tomography scans, and magnetic resonance imaging were assessed and compared to images taken at the final follow-up. Functional recovery was also evaluated according to the Macnab criteria at the final follow-up.ResultsThe average follow-up time was 35.05±8.65 months (range, 24-46 months). The clinical results, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and duration of hospital stay were similar to previously published results; the fusion rate (85.2%) was decreased and the migration rate (5.8%) was increased, compared with prior reports.ConclusionsAlthough microsurgery has some advantages, migration and pseudoarthrosis remain challenges to achieving adequate lumbar interbody fusion.