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The unifying power of sport not only brings different cultures and people together but can also transcend social, economic and political differences between people. The unifying power and health benefits of sport among people around the world are indisputable. However, it is important to provide the right sports education from an early age in order to use and manage sports properly and to prevent negative consequences. For this reason, this study aims to reveal the fair play perception of Kazakh and Turkish athlete students who grew up in different cultures and prefer sports sciences in their university education. A total of 56 student-athletes studying sports sciences participated in the study. Case study design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The data of the study were obtained by applying a personal information form to the athletes and asking them to complete the sentence "Fair play is like.../similar; because...". The data collection tool was applied by the researchers. The metaphors produced by the athletes were categorized as friendship, justice, respect for Kazakh students and honesty, respect, faith, and character for Turkish students. It is thought that the values, norms and expectations in which athletes from different countries are raised shape the perception of fair play.

Abstract There are millions of river barriers worldwide, ranging from wooden locks to concrete dams, many of which form associated impoundments to store water in small ponds or large reservoirs. Besides their benefits, there is growing recognition of important environmental and social trade-offs related to these artificial structures. However, global datasets describing their characteristics and geographical distribution are often biased towards particular regions or specific applications, such as hydropower dams affecting fish migration, and are thus not globally consistent. Here, we present a new river barrier and reservoir database developed by the Global Dam Watch (GDW) consortium that integrates, harmonizes, and augments existing global datasets to support large-scale analyses. Data curation involved extensive quality control processes to create a single, globally consistent data repository of instream barriers and reservoirs that are co-registered to a digital river network. Version 1.0 of the GDW database contains 41,145 barrier locations and 35,295 associated reservoir polygons representing a cumulative storage capacity of 7,420 km3 and an artificial terrestrial surface water area of 304,600 km2.

In order to improve the performance of children, their physical needs as well as their mental needs should be known. The aim of this study is to reveal the perceptions of basketball concepts of athletes attending basketball sports schools with the help of metaphors and drawings. A total of 57 athletes who trained in basketball sports schools in Ankara participated in this study. It was used qualitative research approach in this study. In obtaining the data, a personal information form was applied to each athlete and "basketball ...... it is like this; because …" and were asked to draw a picture reflecting their thoughts on the concept of basketball. All participants took part in the study on a voluntary basis. The data were analyzed by content analysis technique. As a result; it was seen athletes draw on the theme of basketball as "sports, being an element of gain and emotion." [This study was presented orally at the 4th International Conference on Sport for All Congress.]

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the job performance of physical education and sports teachers and their level of organizational justice and opposition. The study group was composed of 575 physical education and teachers of sports who were selected by the simple random method among individuals who worked as physical education and sports teachers in the state schools affiliated to the Istanbul Provincial Directorate of National Education in the 2019-2020 academic year. Data collection methods and tools used in this research; personal information sheet, job performance, organizational justice and organizational opposition scales were implemented. The obtained data were recorded with IBM SPSS 22.0 (version) package program and the all analyzes were accomplished with this statistics program. Descriptive information, subtitles and total scores of the scales were given by determining the frequency (f) and percentage (%) values. Correlation analysis was used as a statistical procedure. As a result, while there was no correlation between physical education and teachers of sport job performance and procedural justice, one of the subtitles of perception of justice, a low level of negative correlation was found between interaction, distributive justice and attitude towards organizational justice total score. Again, no relationship was found between job performance and the total score of vertical and horizontal opposition and organizational opposition which are sub-headings of organizational opposition. This may be due to the fact that administrators do not adequately reward the job performances of physical education and sports teachers due to increasing interest of managers towards teachers who conduct lessons for exams important in terms of students. In addition, it is thought to be caused that physical education and sports teachers do not have any difficulties in expressing themselves due to both their professional competencies and their self-expression and high communication skills that physical education and sports bring them.

Although "Reproduction, Growth, and Development in Living Things" (RGDLT) is a core topic in the Turkish science curriculum, it is known that students have difficulties in understanding. Integrating concept cartoons and argumentation into the teaching of this unit has the potential to promote students' interest and understanding. This research is the first to compare the effects of concept cartoons and argumentation-based concept cartoons on students' academic achievement in teaching sixth grade RGDLT subjects. The research was performed with two experimental groups and one control group in a secondary school in Turkey. A quasi-experimental research design was used in the research. Analysis of the post-test results revealed that the success of the group using concept cartoons was higher than the control group, but more importantly, the success of the group using argumentation-based concept cartoons was higher than the group using concept cartoons. The results of this research indicate that the academic achievement of students can be increased significantly when concept cartoons and argumentation-based concept cartoon activities are used in addition to the constructivist methods in teaching these subjects. The results of the research serve as a guide for teachers and researchers interested in teaching science and biology subjects.

Abstract Background Double teeth are dental anomalies that can lead to aesthetic and orthodontic problems. Case presentation This report discusses two cases involving the multidisciplinary management of permanent maxillary left lateral incisors fused with a supernumerary tooth in two girls aged 9 and 10. Following intraoral and radiographic examinations, one was diagnosed with fusion, and the other was diagnosed with concrescence. The crown of the fused incisor was separated using a burs and extracted intraorally. The concrescent incisor was separated along its length using a laser and intentionally replanted extraorally. After a 6-year follow-up, no pathological signs were observed in the fused incisor. However, after an 11-year follow-up, external resorption was observed in the concrescent incisor. Conclusions Both incisors remained asymptomatic throughout the observation period. This case report highlights two different and effective methods employed to preserve the natural function, form, and aesthetics of double incisors.

Leadership is integral for successful implementation of evidence-based programs and practices (EBPPs) in schools. However, as research is limited regarding school administrators' training, knowledge, and perceived barriers related to EBPP implementation, a survey was conducted to examine these areas. The majority of respondents reported (a) limited to no pre-service training in EBPP implementation, (b) insufficient in-service training on implementation topics, and (c) lack of knowledge and competency on core implementation concepts. Moreover, respondents identified numerous implementation barriers. Implications for school administrators' pre- and in-service training, as well as limitations and future directions, are discussed.

Student-teacher relationships that improve over time may help slow or prevent declines in student motivation. In a diverse sample of 1,274 middle and high school students from three schools, this mixed-methods study found that those who improved in developmental relationships with teachers reported greater academic motivation, and more positive perceptions of school climate and instructional quality. Improvements in teacher-student relationships had some positive effects on students' grade point averages (GPAs) but they varied by school as well as by aspect of the relationship measured. No differences by poverty status were seen in any of these results. Student focus groups yielded additional understanding of the actions and mechanisms through which student-teacher relationships improve. Results of this study suggest that if individual educators and entire school communities focus on strengthening student-teacher relationships, significant improvements can be made in students' motivation, engagement, and performance. [For the corresponding grantee submission, see ED595407.]

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between emotional labor of sports business employees and loneliness levels in organizational life. For the purpose of the study, the universe of the research consists of sports service within the organization of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Sport Istanbul employees while the sample is created by volunteer participants who are identified through simple random sampling method (n = 330) In the study which is conducted by applying a relational screening model, the data were collected by using the survey method technique. Personal information form, emotional labor and loneliness scales in business life were applied to the participants. The data obtained were registered to the SPSS 25 package program. Correlation and regression analysis were applied as statistical process. As a result, it was determined that there is a moderate negative relationship between the emotional labor level of the employees of the sports organization and the level of loneliness in organizational life, emotional labor is the predictor of loneliness in organizational life and it explains approximately 21% of the total variance. As the level of meeting the business expectations of the employees in the service delivery increases in demand their experience of loneliness decreases in business life. Therefore, it is realized that emotional labor plays an important role in the level of loneliness in organizational life. [This study was presented as an oral presentation at ERPA International Congresses on Education, 10-12 April 2020.]

This study investigated the effect of a 10-week karate training program on the motor skill development of 5-7-year-old children new to karate with two different test batteries. A total of 28 participants were included in the study: 18 in the Karate group and 10 in the control group. The karate group was subjected to a fundamental karate training (kihon) program consisting of 90-minute sessions four days a week for ten weeks in addition to physical education classes at their schools. In contrast, the control group did not participate in any sportive activities except physical education classes in their schools. Data were collected using the Eurofit test battery and the TGMD-2 test. In the pre-post test comparison of the anthropometric measurements of the karate group, no significant difference was found in the control group. In contrast, a significant difference was obtained in height, body mass index, and body fat percentage. In the post-test analysis of the two independent groups, there were statistically significant differences in favor of the karate group regarding height and body fat percentage (p < 0.005). In the pre-post analysis of the Eurofit test and the TGMD-2 for the karate group, all parameters showed statistically significant improvements (p < 0.001), while the control group showed no statistical difference. After comparing the karate and control groups, the Eurofit Test and TGMD-2 post-test results showed significantly higher scores (statistically significant differences) in all parameters for the karate group. In conclusion, the study shows that the 10-week karate training program positively affected the motor development of the participating children.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between exercise addiction and physical self-esteem levels of students studying at the Faculty of Sport Sciences. Survey method was used as the research design in the study. The scope group of the study consisted of students studying in the faculties of sport sciences of 7 universities, randomly selected as one from each geographical region of Turkey. "Personal Information Form" was used to obtain the socio-demographic information of the participants, "Exercise Addiction Scale (EIS)" was used to determine the level of exercise addiction and "Physical Self Scale" was used to determine the level of physical self. Normality test was performed on the data obtained and it was determined that the data were normally distributed. Independent Sample T test was used for pairwise comparisons, One Vay ANOVA for multiple comparisons and Tukey HSD test was used to determine the source of difference. Pearson correlation test was used to determine the relationship between the two scales. In the statistical analysis and interpretations of the data, p

The objective of this research was to examine the Love-Hate and Identification Relationship of Individuals Participating in Euroleague Match for Recreational Purposes. The study was conducted using a relational survey methodology. The study's population comprises persons who watching recreational purpose part in the Euroleague match held in Istanbul in 2023-2024 season, while the sample consists of 178 voluntary participants selected through convenience sampling. The participants completed the Fan Love-Hate Scale and Fan Identification Scale, in addition to being asked about their gender, marital status, age, educational status, and frequency of attending football matches per week. The data collected from the personal information form and scales was entered into the IBM SPSS 24.0 software package for analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Independent Sample T test and One-way Anova methods. The LSD test was employed to ascertain the dissimilarity between the groups. The Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to ascertain the association between the variables of love-hate and identity. In summary, it is evident that demographic factors, including gender and age, significantly influence fan perceptions and sports identification. In contrast, there is no substantial correlation observed between attributes such as level of education achieved and the frequency of engaging in sports activities, and the aforementioned outcomes. The significant associations identified between the Fan Love-Hate Scale and the Sports Fan Identification Scale underscore the complex relationship between fans' emotional experiences and their connection to sports. Further investigations could be conducted to go deeper into the underlying causes that contribute to these relationships and inequalities, so resulting in a more thorough understanding of fan psychology.

Narcissistic Personality Levels of the students of the Faculty of Education and the students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences in terms of age, gender, active sports doing, department, graduated high school, mother education level, father education level, mother profession and father profession variables have been examined in this study. A total of 364 university students enrolled in the Faculty of Education and the Faculty of Sports Sciences in Gazi University, Hacettepe University and Ankara University, in the academic year 2017-2018 has constituted the research group. Descriptive statistics on narcissistic personality scores; analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test) to compare average scores in unrelated measures, the Tukey test to determine which groups had significant differences, have been used. According to the results of the research, the students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences showed more narcissistic personality tendency than the students of the Faculty of Education.

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of playing soccer for a long time in for professional soccer players regarding sole pressure. Despite the increasing prevalence of new methods developed in the footpad pressure measurement in recent years, our knowledge about pressure distribution of the footplate is still insufficient, especially for sportsmen (Ford et al., 2006). Plantar pressure analysis system (EMED-SF) was used in the study. Statistically significant differences between the study groups were examined using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. According to the results of the research, there was no statistical difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of physical characteristics. However, significant results were found at (0.01-0.05) level in the beginning and grand total of heel medial, heel lateral, 1,2,3,4,5 metatars in the maximal force comparisons applied to the right and left foot contact area and the floor.

Teachers are expected to consider the implications of recommendations made in educational research. In-service teachers are primary actors who play a leading role in education, so their attitudes towards educational research and researchers are more important than those of pre-service or trainee teachers. This study aims to find out inservice science teachers' attitudes towards education research and some the factors that affect them such as gender, teacher's subject area, seniority, and postgraduate research area. The research data was obtained using a Likert-type scale developed by Ilhan, Sekerci, Sözbilir & Yildirim (2013). The study sample included 108 in-service high school science teachers from Turkey. The results show that in-service science teachers find educational research applicable and necessary but of limited value. Teachers who graduated from education faculties have more positive attitudes towards educational research and teachers who are newly appointed to the profession have a better understanding of the utilities and value of educational research. This study emphasizes and underlines that science teachers' attitudes towards the value of educational research are under the targeted level. In order to adequately support science teachers and provide them with the intended competencies of their curricula, this study provides some implications for both teachers and researchers in science education.

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of kids' athletics training program on their academic achievement and self-esteem. The kids' athletics training program is implemented for 14 weeks. The study consists of one experiment group (n: 95, 52 M, 43 F, age 10,92 ± 0,61 years old) and one control group (n: 148, 73 M, 75 F, age 10,90 ± 0,63 years old). These two groups consist of totally 243 children. The "Cooper Smith Self-esteem Questionnaire-Children's Form" whose reliability and validity was proved by Piskin in 1996 is used to measure the self-esteem [1]. Academic achievement values are identified by students' school reports. Following the pre-test, Kids athletics program whose duration is 60 minutes is implemented 3 days in a week for 14 weeks. In the last test, self-esteem and academic achievement measures of the students is done again. In the statistical analysis of the self-esteem and academic achievement of the experiment and control groups, it is seen that there is a significant increase in the total self-esteem (p:0,0377) and general self-esteem (p:0,0421) of the experimental group. Moreover, a significant increase is detected in Physical Education and Sports (p:0,0015), Music (p:0,0224), Turkish (p:0,0047) and Foreign Language (p:0,000) grades.

In this study, the academic suspension levels of the students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences students and the Faculty of Education students in terms of age, gender, active sports making, department, graduated high school, mother education level, father education level, mother profession and father occupation variables have been examined. A total of 364 university students studying in the Faculty of Sport Sciences and the Faculty of Education in Gazi University, Hacettepe University and Ankara University were formed the Research group in the academic years 2017-2018. The Academic Suspension Scale developed by Çakici in 2003 was used in the study. It was compared average scores in unrelated measures, Variance Analysis (one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test) for comparison of mean scores in unrelated measures, the Tukey test to determine which groups had significant differences were used. In addition, a Pearson Correlation analysis was conducted to test the relationship between the particles collected in the single sub-dimension. Findings obtained from this research reveal that the students of Faculty of Sports Sciences showed more academic suspension behaviors than the students of Faculty of Education.

Today, the participation of visually impaired individuals in sports activities is essential. Because the ability to move independently starts to develop with a delay in visually impaired individuals, physical activity is necessary to compensate for developmental delay, eliminate the problem of independent movement in social life by reducing obstacle perception problems, develop self-confidence, and provide regular muscle activation and motivation to move. The study investigated the effect of 6 weeks of karate (kihon) and basic movement training on balance performance in individuals with congenital visual impairment. Fifteen visually impaired individuals aged between 10 and 14 participated in the study, and three groups were formed: experiment 1, experiment 2, and the control group. After the pre-tests were taken, the experimental groups received karate and basic movement training in addition to physical education classes for 6 weeks, while the control group received only physical education classes. When the study results were examined, there were highly significant differences between the pre- and post-test values of the groups receiving karate and basic movement training. At the same time, no progress was observed in the control group. In the post-test comparison of the karate and control groups, positive significance was found in the values of the karate group. In the same way, in the post-test comparison of the basic movement training group and the control group, positive progress was made in the basic movement training group. The post-test comparison of the basic movement training and karate groups was the same. As a result, it was concluded that basic movement training and karate exercises applied for 6 weeks positively affected the balance development in visually impaired individuals aged 10–14 years. No difference was found between the exercise protocols regarding effectiveness, and no improvement was observed in individuals who did not participate in any exercise.

Spor, insanların yaşayış biçimlerini ve çevrelerinden öğrendiklerini yaşamlarına aktardıkları bir araç konumundadır. Bununla birlikte uluslararası arenada sporcuların fair play davranışlar sergilemesi de önemli bir tutumdur. Bu bağlamda işitme engelli kadın milli voleybolcuların fair play kavramına yönelik düşünce ve yaşanmışlıklarıyla yükledikleri anlamların metaforlar aracılığıyla belirlenmesi bu araştırmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmayı 2022-2023 sezonunda Türkiye İşitme Engelli Voleybol illi Takımı aday kadrosunda yer alan 20 kadın voleybolcu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Verilerin elde edilmesinde, işitme engelli voleybolculardan “Fair play ……………gibidir/benzer; çünkü…….” cümlesini tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. İncelenen bulgulara göre araştırmaya katılan işitme engelli sporcuların “fair play” kavramına yönelik oluşturdukları metaforlar sırasıyla “ahlak unsuru olma”, “adalet unsuru olma”, “iyilik unsuru olma” temaları altında toplanmıştır. Engelli sporcular için verilecek fair play eğitimlerinin yaygınlaştırılması ve sergiledikleri olumlu davranışların ödüllendirilerek teşvik edilmesi fair play ruhuna yakışır davranışların yaygınlaşmasına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Background: The recent 2019 European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society practice guidelines introduced a new risk categorization for patients with diabetes. We aimed to compare the implications of the 2016 and 2019 European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society guidelines with regard to the lipid-lowering treatment use, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal attainment rates, and the estimated proportion of patients who would be at goal in an ideal setting. Methods: Patients with diabetes were classified into 4 risk categories according to 2019 European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society dyslipidemia guidelines from the database of EPHESUS (cross-sectional, observational, countrywide registry of cardiology outpatient clinics) study. The use of lipid-lowering treatment and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal attainment rates were then compared according to previous and new guidelines. Results: This analysis included a total of 873 diabetic adults. Half of the study population (53.8%) were on lipid-lowering treatment and almost one-fifth (19.1%) were on high-intensity statins. While low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal was achieved in 19.5% and 7.5% of patients, 87.4% and 69.6% would be on target if their lipid-lowering treatment was intensified according to 2016 and 2019 European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society lipid guidelines, respectively. The new target