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To describe demographic and clinical characteristics as well as etiologies and visual outcomes of patients with scleritis. This is a descriptive, observational and retrospective study. We reviewed the electronic health records of patients with diagnosis of scleritis, who presented at the Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana from January 2009 to December 2019. The cohort consisted of 162 patients with mean follow-up of 33.7 months. Mean age of scleritis presentation was 53.8 years. The most common type of scleritis was anterior nodular in 67 patients (41.3%). Most cases were idiopathic (52.4%). Visual outcomes were worse in anterior necrotizing scleritis. The most used drugs were oral NSAIDs and corticosteroids. The visual outcome in most patients is favorable, however it depends on scleritis type and etiology, with worse prognosis in anterior necrotizing scleritis forms and associated with autoimmune or systemic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of a study on the PTPN22 R620W polymorphism in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AASV) in Mexican Mestizos. Topics covered include the importance of the independent replication of alleles increasing the risk for AASV in ethnic groups not usually screened for the identification of ethnic-disease differences.

Aim: To evaluate the frequency, phenotype and the potential function of CD57+ T cell subsets in patients with pars planitis. Methods: CD4+CD57+ and CD8+CD57+ T cells were quantitated in peripheral blood from 15 patients with pars planitis and 15 healthy controls. To evaluate the phenotype and potential function of CD57+ T cell subsets CCR7, CD27, CD28, CD45RA, CD45RO, intracellular IFN-γ, IL-4, perform and granzyme-A expression were assessed by flow cytometry. Results: CD57+ T cells subsets were increased in patients with pars planitis (p=0.002). The majority of CD4-1-CD57+ T cells were CCR7-CD27-CD28-CD45RO+, while the most CD8+CD57+ T cells were CCR7-CD27-CD28-CD45RA+. The number of cells positive for intracellular IFN-y and 11-4 was higher in the CD57+ T cell populations. A greater number of CD8+CD57+ T cells than CD8+CD57- I cells were positive to perform (p=0.006) and granzyme-A (p=0.01). Conclusions: CD57+ T cells had a phenotype associated with peripheral memory (CCR7-CD27-CD28-). Cytokine production by CD57+ T cells suggests that these cells may play a role in helper cell regulation. High expression of intracellular proteins involved in cytotoxicity suggests that CD8+CD57+ T cells may play an effector role. Taken together, this study proposes that CD57+ T cells function as memory-effector T cell subsets during pars planitis pathogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome is a disease with dermatological, neurologic and auditory findings, associated with a bilateral granulomatous panuveitis. We present the case of a 42-year-old woman who started with ophthalmic manifestations, and in a late follow-up she developed the characteristic dermatological findings.

The eye has multiple mechanisms of immune regulation implicated in the maintenance of ocular immune privilege. However, sometimes diseases or disorders appear and can cause clinical manifestations of intraocular inflammation; usually those diseases are collectively named "uveitis". Despite the uveitis is the main cause of eye morbidity and lost of visual function, the vast majority of the immune mechanisms involved in its generation remains unknown. In this article, the authors reviews the process of immune regulation inside the eye, the immunological mechanisms of damage implicated in the generation of uveitis, as well as the clinical aspects associated with the immune pathogenesis; in the last part of this paper we present the most recent trends in ocular research related to immunological damage in uveitis.

Objective: Report the ophthalmologic manifestations among patients with Wegener 's Granulomatosis (WG)., Method: We reviewed the database of the Instituto de Oftalmologia Fundación Conde de Valenciana in order to collect information regarding complete ophthalmic examination, laboratory and cabinet tests, treatment, and disease progression., Results: We included 11 patients with WG (18 eyes). Seven men and four women, mean age 43.7 years (range = 28-55). Three patients had a prior diagnosis of WG and the remaining eight patients were diagnosed by our study team. Seven subjects developed a bilateral affection and four had unilateral involvement. The clinical presentation was necrotizing scleritis with peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) (7/18), diffuse scleritis (3/18), nodular scleritis (1/18), non-granulomatous uveitis (1/18), optic ischemic neuropathy (1/18), retrobulbar neuritis (1/18), serous retinal detachment (2/18), and dacryocystitis (2/18). Final visual acuity was better or equal to 20/40 (13/18), 20/400 (3/18), finger-counting or no-perception of light in 1/18. Currently, seven patients are symptom free., Conclusions: The most frequent ophthalmic manifestations among our patients with WG were: necrotizing scleritis and PUK. In most cases, WG was diagnosed after ophthalmic manifestations; however, all patients displayed prior systemic or ocular symptoms.