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The authors wish to thank the captain and crew of R/V Sarmiento de Gamboa for their dedication and constant support for the execution of activities onboard, and to the participants of the ALSSOMAR-S2S expedition for their help during data acquisition. Multibeam bathymetry and fishing activity data were provided by the “Ministerio de Pesca, Agricultura y Alimentació n”, Spanish government. Land use data were provided by the “Consejerı́a de Agricultura, Ganaderı́a, Pesca y Desarrollo Sostenible, Junta de Andalucı́a”, regional government. JR acknowledges partial support from the 18-ESMARES2-CIRCA project of the Instituto Español de Oceanografı́ a (IEO-CSIC), under the framework of the tasks commissioned to the IEO by the Ministerio de Transición Ecológica y Reto Demográfico (MITERD) of the Spanish government for the application of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) in Spanish waters. IM acknowledges to Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia for Research Assistant contract DL57/2016/CP1361/ CT0009 and project UID/0350/2020 CIMA. Very constructive and detailed reviews of an initial manuscript version were provided by two reviewers and by Guest Associate Editor Veerle Huvenne. We are grateful to Jean Sanders for correcting the English text., The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1098927/ full#supplementary-material, Introduction and methods: Marine litter density, distribution and potential sources, and the impact on canyon seafloor habitats were investigated in the Motril, Carchuna and Calahonda canyons, located along the northern margin of the Alboran Sea. During the ALSSOMAR-S2S oceanographic survey carried out in 2019, canyon floor imagery was collected by a Remotely Operated Vehicle along 5 km in the Motril Canyon, 10 km in the Carchuna Canyon, and 3 km in Calahonda Canyon, together with 41 surficial sediment samples. Additionally, coastal uses, maritime traffic and fishing activity data were analyzed. A 50 m resolution multibeam bathymetry served as base map. Results: In the Motril and Calahonda canyons, the density of marine litter was low and the material was dispersed, very degraded and partially buried. In contrast, the Carchuna Canyon contained a greater amount and variety of litter. The Carchuna Canyon thalweg exhibited a density of marine litter up to 8.66 items·100 m -1 , and litter hotspots with a density of up to 42 items·m 2 are found along the upper reaches of the canyon thalweg. Discussion: Low litter abundances found in the studied canyons most likely reflect low population densities and the absence of direct connections with streams in the nearby coasts. The high shelf incision of the Carchuna Canyon and its proximity to the coastline favor littoral sediment remobilization and capture as well as the formation of gravity flows that transport the marine litter along the thalweg toward the distal termination of the channel. Litter hotspots are favored by the canyon morphology and the occurrence of rocky outcrops. Most debris is of coastal origin and related to beach occupation and agricultural practices in the adjacent coastal plain. A third origin was represented by fishing gear in the study area. Fishing activity may be producing an impact through physical damage to the skeletons of the colonial scleractinians located in the walls of the Carchuna Canyon. In contrast, the Motril and Calahonda canyons can be considered passive systems that have mainly acted as depositional sinks in the recent past, as evidenced by buried marine litter., Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spanish goverment CTM2017-88237-P, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) Spanish Government PID2021-125489OB-I00, Cerrillo-Escoriza's PhD project - MCIN/AEI PRE2018-084812, FSE Invierte en tu futuro

Research in the Guadalquivir estuary and its environs has revealed evidence of a periodic succession of extreme-wave events in the area from the third millennium BC to the third century AD. Return periods range from 400 to 800 years. Some of these extreme-wave events may have had a magnitude comparable with that of the so-called “Lisbon earthquake” of 1755. Contrary to the tenets of the uniformitarian paradigm in geology—still influential in the archeological literature—these events had short-, mid-, and long-term geomorphological and paleo-environmental, as well as immediately destructive and demographic, effects. Attention should also be called to the reverberations of these events in the cultural development of southwestern Iberia, which is independently known for puzzling interruptions, recommencements, and transformations every few centuries from the Neolithic to the Roman period. The two records, natural and cultural, might be connected. In study areas with a compelling historical and archeological heritage, such as western Andalusia, there is a need for multidisciplinary projects that, by bringing geology and biology to bear on archeology and history, aim to accurately establish the succession of geographical and environmental transformations, the impact of these transformations on the area’s cultural history, and the chronology of the events., This contribution to the book Historical Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Archaeology in the Iberian Peninsula is a result of both the project Relictflora-P11-RNM-7033 (Excellence Research Projects Program of Junta de Andalucía) and the Hinojos Project of the Universidad de Huelva, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), and Fundación FUHEM. We are indebted for funding and other forms of encouragement to the Ayuntamiento de Hinojos, Fundación Caja de Madrid, Fundación Doñana 21, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Espacio Natural de Doñana (END), Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico (IAPH), Delegación de Cultura of Junta de Andalucía in Huelva, and Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales of Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino de España. This chapter is also a contribution of IGCP Project 639, “Sea Level Change from Minutes to Millennia” and IGCP 588, “Preparing for coastal change,” as well as to the INQUA Coastal and Marine Processes Commission. The co-author J. N. Pérez-Asensio participated in the preparation of the chapter as member of the research groups RNM-190 (Junta de Andalucía) and GRC Geociències Marines (2017 SGR 315, Generalitat de Catalunya). Additional support from Junta de Andalucía to the Research Group RNM276 is also acknowledged.

XX Seminario Ibérico de Química Marina (SIQUIMAR 2020) - XX Iberian Seminar on Marine Chemistry, 1-3 July 2020, Barcelona.-- 2 pages.-- Samples were collected during the NextData Cruise on R/V Minerva I in June 2016, The present study aims at shedding light on the central Mediterranean Sea (MS) functioning in terms of water mass mixing and potential lithogenic sources by means of new geochemical tracers such as dissolved Nd isotopes (εNd) and Rare Earth Element (REE: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu) concentrations. Although proved to be valuable tracers of oceanographic processes, their measurements are basically lacking in the MS water column. We analyzed 9 stations around the Tyrrhenian, Ionian and Ligurian seas. Dissolved REE were measured with an Agilent 7500 ICP-MS and εNd using a Nu Plasma-III MC-ICP-MS at UB. The obtained REE do not display nutrient-like profiles, likely suggesting relatively young waters with limited accumulation of remineralized REE. Light REE (LREE: from La to Gd) present a non-conservative behavior, largely peaking at surface waters and rapidly decreasing with depth. The negative linear correlation of surface LREE enrichment with offshore distance indicates their release from lithogenic sediments of the Italian coast to the Tyrrhenian waters. In contrast to other regions, this process does not modify the εNd values. On the other side, distributions of dissolved heavy REE (HREE: Tb to Lu) and εNd exhibit a conservative behavior that can be explained by mixing of western- (MAW and WMDW) and eastern- (LIW and EMDW) originated waters. We test this hypothesis with an Optimum Multi-Parameter Analysis (OMPA) including HREE and εNd parameters. Even though the limited data set, consistent results of water mass fractions are obtained for the four main water masses although with some particularities. While LIW take on major importance when considering HREE in the model, EMDW fractions are preferentially detected with εNd. This latter finding implies a noticeable deep-water flux across the Sicily Strait into the Western Mediterranean that was not clearly evidenced before, The authors thank financial support from the OPERA Project (CTM2013-48639-C2-1-R), the CHIMERA Project (CTM2016-75411-R) and Generalitat de Catalunya (2017 SGR 315). This work has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No. 683237)

Resumen del trabajo presentado al Simposio Internacional Tsunamis históricos en la Península Ibérica: un diálogo interdisciplinar, celebrado en el Museo de Málaga del 14 al 15 de febrero de 2019., Se describen y explican huellas en las hoy marismas del Guadalquivir de 3 episodios sucesivos de alta energía de origen marino (dos de ellos, probablemente tsunamis), con un intervalo de unos 500 años, entre finales del III milenio y finales del II milenio a. EC. Son huellas de naturaleza geológica, biológica y arqueológica, datadas por el método del Carbono-14. Las huellas de los posibles tsunamis son homólogas a las halladas por otros investigadores en otros puntos de la costa atlántica del sur de España y el centro y sur de Portugal. Estos tsunamis alteraron significativamente el paisaje del litoral y su entorno inmediato del suroeste peninsular.

[EN] There are reasons other than biological and environmental to argue for the preservation of Doñana National Park—reasons which are geological, archaeological, and anthropological. Up until the establishment of Estación Biológica of CSIC, the lower Guadalquivir River basin was home to a human community adapted to the rich, varied resources of a marshland milieu. Early in the 20th century, the construction of Palacio de la Marismilla led to the unexpected discovery of a yet older settlement: one by Cerro del Trigo, dated to the 2nd to the 6th century AD, which archaeologist G. Bonsor and philologist A. Schulten excavated in the 1920s. Their project confirmed such occupation, and, in the process, revealed an earlier, prehistoric one, along with clear signs of subsidence of the ground during the Holocene. In effect, Doñana National Park is a setting for relatively rapid geomorphological processes of scientific interest, which can be compared with those that climate oscillations and neo-tectonics have generated elsewhere in the planet over the past millennia. Since 2005 the interdisciplinary Hinojos Project has brought the relevance of these scientific accomplishments to bear on its own results—mainly, on the one hand, the evidence of settlement and cultural development that goes back to at least Neolithic times and, on the other, the traces of a rapid geomorphological dynamics that combines long phases of alluvial sedimentation and subsidence of the ground with short, periodic events of high-energy marine transgression., [ES] Hay más razones que las biológicas y medioambientales para conservar Doñana: son razones geológicas, arqueológicas y antropológicas. Hasta la constitución de la Estación Biológica del CSIC en 1964, la comarca del bajo Guadalquivir estuvo habitada durante siglos por una comunidad humana adaptada al aprovechamiento de los muchos recursos que el medio marismeño ofrece. A comienzos del siglo XX, la construcción del Palacio de La Marismilla tuvo por efecto inesperado el descubrimiento de los restos de un poblamiento más antiguo aún: el del yacimiento de El Cerro del Trigo, de los siglos II a VI de nuestra era, que el arqueólogo G. Bonsor y el filólogo A. Schulten excavarían en la década de 1920. Su proyecto confirmó este poblamiento y, además, reveló indicios de otro, más remoto todavía, de la prehistoria, así como señales de una subsidencia general del terreno durante el Holoceno. El Espacio Natural es, en efecto, escenario de procesos geomorfológicos de duración relativamente rápida que tienen un gran interés científico; son comparables a los que generan en otras zonas del planeta las fluctuaciones climáticas y la neo-tectónica de los últimos milenios. El pluridisciplinar Proyecto Hinojos, iniciado en 2005, ha puesto en valor estos referentes para la ciencia sobre Doñana a la luz de sus propios resultados: principalmente, de un lado, evidencias de poblamiento y tradiciones culturales que se remontan al menos al Neolítico y, de otro, claros signos de una rápida dinámica geomorfológica de fases sedimentarias aluviales y de subsidencia, interrumpidas periódicamente por episodios erosivos de origen oceánico de alta energía.

VI Simposio Internacional de Ciencias del Mar - VI International Symposium of Marine Sciences (ISMS 2018), 20- 22 June 2018, Vigo.-- 2 pages, The purpose of this study is to use dissolved Rare Earth Elements (dREE) and Nd isotopes (εNd) in sea water to better understand water-mass exchange and pathways in the Central Mediterranean (CM) Sea. We have analyzed 9 hydrographic stations around the Tyrrhenian Sea, Strait of Sicily and Ionian Sea (NextData2016 Cruise). Pre-concentrated and purified dREE were measured with an Agilent 7500 quadrupole ICP-MS while Nd isotopes (εNd) were determined using a Nu Plasma III Multicollector ICP-MS. In general, dREE abundances in the CM are similar to the western Mediterranean [1] but clearly lower than in the eastern basin [2] pointing to an eastward enrichment of Atlantic Waters, as for other trace metals. In addition, inflowing Atlantic Waters (εNd≈-10) become more radiogenic within its circulation (εNdup to -6). Light REE (LREE) present highest concentrations at surface waters, probably indicating lithogenic inputs. This is specially marked at the station closest to the continental margin with LREE enrichments relative to the other stations of 20-50%, with no significant εNd modification. Far from continental margins and below the surface, well-developed oceanic dREE patterns are found displaying negative cerium anomalies (Ce*=0.20-0.30) and enrichment of Heavy REE (HREE) demonstrating that water mass mixing governs the REE distribution below the permanent thermocline. Levantine Intermediate Waters (LIW) can be traced through a substantial HREE peak and distinctive radiogenic neodymium signature (εNd=-6.4). This is coherent with older waters enhanced with conservative HREE. Concerning εNd, the radiogenic imprint of LIW is in accordance with either the influence of partially dissolved Nile river particles [2] or the rock signature in the LIW formation zone [3]. Finally, both dHREE and εNd can be used to distinguish deep water masses: EMDW present εNd≈-6.7 and WMDW show εNdof -8.5, with the first being 13% more enriched in dHREE than the later, We authors thank financial support from the Italian Project of Strategic Interest NEXTDATA (http://www.nextdataproject.it) “A national system for recovery, storage, accessibility and dissemination of environmental and climatic data from mountain and marine areas” and from the OPERA Project (CTM2013-48639-C2-1-R) and Generalitat de Catalunya-Grups de Recerca Consolidats (2017 SGR 315). This work has been partially funded by the European Commission through an ERC Consolidator Grant to I. Cacho (TIMED; ID: 683237). Support from the Spanish Government for a post-doctoral fellowship to E. G-S. (FPDI-2013-15660) is also recognized. L.P. acknowledges support from the Ramón y Cajal program (MINECO, Spain). J.N.P-A. has been funded by a Postdoctoral fellowship Beatriu de Pinós (Generalitat de Catalunya, Marie Curie-COFUND actions)

XXXIII Jornadas de Paleontología de la Sociedad Española de Paleontología, Contribución de la Paleontología en los estudios Paleoceanográficos, 27-30 September 2017, Cadiz.-- 4 pages, Benthic foraminifera are a powerful proxy in paleoceanographic studies since they are sensitive to oceanographic parameters such as sea level, bottom-water ventilation and organic fluxes (Jorissen et al., 2007). Furthermore, water mass properties including temperature, salinity and nutrient content are recorded in their carbonate shells (Cacho et al., 2006). Consequently, the combination of micropaleontological and geochemical analyses on benthic foraminifera offers great potential to unravel past changes in ocean circulation and their relationship with climate oscillations. Here we present two examples of paleoceanographic reconstructions of Pleistocene to Holocene Mediterranean sediments using micropaleontological proxies: benthic foraminiferal assemblages, microhabitats, and oxygen index; and geochemical proxies: Mg/Ca-deep water temperatures (DWT), Cd/Ca, O and C stable isotopes

The Sierra de la Utrera, a relief in the Manilva Basin (Málaga, SW Spain), shows bored surfaces at different heights above present-day sea level, from 96 m to 287 m. Borings occur in the eastern, central, and western parts of the Canuto de la Utrera, a prominent gorge in the central-southern part of the relief excavated in Mesozoic limestones, as well as on the western end of the Canuto Chico, a smaller canyon in the northern part. Pliocene marine deposits fossilized the bored surfaces. Bored boulders of the substrate are embedded in the Pliocene sediments. The traces Gastrochaenolites ispp., Entobia ispp., Caulostrepsis ispp., Circolites kotoucensis, and Ericichnus asgaardi have been identifi ed. Among these, Caulostrepsis is found only in the reworked blocks. This ichnoassemblage, attributed to the archetypical Entobia Ichnofacies of rocky shores, represents boring activity in high-energy, very-shallow-water settings, close to the sea level, and with a virtually null sedimentation rate. The vertical distribution of bored surfaces attests to a progressive sea-level rise. The onlap of the Pliocene deposits on the substrate is consistent with the deepening trend. Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages collected from the sediment adjacent to the Sierra de la Utrera demonstrate that boring activity spanned, at most, 1 Ma during the early Pliocene, Zanclean (biozones MPl 1 and MPl 2), ranging from 5.33 to 4.36 Ma. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages indicate oligotrophic, well-oxygenated, deepwater conditions bordering the substrate. The presence of nearly vertical, deep submarine cliffs surrounding the relief accounts for these conditions very close to the substrate.

Tesis Univ. Granada. Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología

In the present article there are exposed the results of the analysis of the bodies and the glazes of 21 ceramic representative fragments of a set found in the excavations of the Alcazaba of Onda and that can be dated in outline between ends the XIth and the first half of the XIIth centur y. We have attended fundamentally to the lustre potter y and to the ceramics with white cover. The principal aim is to determine if it is a question of one or of several productions. For it there has been analyzed the composition and texture of the body, as well as the microstructure and composition of the glaze by means of microscope electronics of sweep (SEM). Also there have been compared with ceramics that we suppose local, such productions as common ceramics of the same archaeological context and fragments found in the califal arqueological site Mas de Pere, where kilns were situated for the manufacture of ceramics. Also we have arranged with clays of the nearby deposit of the Sitjar. The results show that there are different productions of lostre ceramics, both for composition of the bodies and for the glaze. In addition, the composition of the white ceramics is ver y similar to the local clays of Onda, with which it is not possible to reject that it was a question of a local production.

Proyecto de innovación docente nº 08-29 financiado por la Univ. de Granada y coordinado por José M. Martín, Guía virtual de campo bilingüe (español e inglés) de la sedimentología de las cuencas neógenas de Almería. Las áreas seleccionadas son: la cuenca de Sorbas, la de Almería-Níjar, Cabo de Gata, la cuenca de Tabernas, la cuenca de Vera y la depresión del Río Almanzora. En todas ellas se analiza en primer lugar su estratigrafía y luego los rasgos sedimentarios mas característicos de las diferentes unidades sedimentarias que en ellas se encuentran. Estos últimos se ilustran con fotos de campo de los afloramientos más representativos, destacándose los aspectos referentes a litología, geometría de los depósitos, estructuras sedimentarias y contenido fosilífero, que se explican en las leyendas respectivas. Se acompañan además con ilustraciones a color que clarifican las interpretaciones. Para cada zona se recomiendan una serie de itinerarios a seguir precisando su localización, dificultad, duración y rasgos observables., Bilingual (Spanish-English) field guide on the sedimentology of the Neogene Almería basins. The selected areas are: Sorbas basin, Almería-Níjar basin, Cabo de Gata, Tabernas basin, Vera basin and Almanzora River basin. In all of them, the stratigraphic framework is first discussed and the main sedimentological features are then presented. Selected pictures and detailed descriptions of major outcrops stand out the lithology, geometry, sedimentary structures and fossil content of the major deposits. Some figures are also introduced to clarify the interpretations. Some specific itineraries are recommended in each area with indications of their precise location, access, terrain-difficulty, estimated duration and observed features., Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología

The estuary of the Guadalquivir River is the largest in the Gulf of Cadiz, covering an area of some 185,000 ha. From a geological standpoint, the estuary represents the culmination of the marine filling of the Cenozoic Guadalquivir Basin. The present-day configuration of the estuary is the result of the post-glacial transgression of the Atlantic Ocean, starting ca. 15,000 years, that developed during the latest Pleistocene-Holocene up until some 5,500 years ago, when the level of the sea stabilised. The lower Guadalquivir valley was transformed into a wide estuary as the interfluves turned into pronounced headlands. Marine and fluvial dynamics, dependent upon climate and tectonics, thus shaped the present landscape, which features extensive dune systems, marshes and spits, as well as erosion of the headlands (cliff formation).