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[ES] El propósito de este artículo es mostrar los resultados alcanzados a partir de un ejercicio de estructuración de la información obtenida de 8 documentos novohispanos de la segunda mitad del siglo XVII en los cuales se discute la naturaleza de los cometas. La extracción de datos se concentró en los textos citados o referidos dentro de los textos originales y la estructuración se recogió en forma de grafos para obtener visualizaciones de la red de conocimientos dentro de la cual se articulaba la discusión novohispana sobre la naturaleza de los cometas. A nuestro juicio, los resultados finales arrojan precisiones interesantes sobre cómo está estructurada la red y el lugar de los textos dentro de ella, y permite formular algunas hipótesis sobre la discusión y sus fuentes. [EN] This paper shows the results from an experiment in which we structure the information obtained from 8 documents from New Spain in the second half of the XVIIth Century. All the documents discuss the nature of the comets. The data extraction focused on the bibliographical information from the original texts, and the references and quotes in them. We apply a graph structure to the data to obtain the visualizations of the knowledge network in which the main discussion is based: the nature of the comets. We believe our final results shows interesting precisions on how the network is organize and the place of each text in it. At the same time, the results allow us to make new hypothesis on discussion and its sources.

This study has two equally important objectives: firstly, the design of a new methodology for analyzing literary texts that make use of new technologies to facilitate the task of the researcher. Secondly, the application of the methodology to a selection of Calderón de la Barca´s comedies to analyze the central role that the character of the gracioso plays in defining the essential characteristics of such plays. The methodology presented here helps to manage large amounts of information while maintaining the semantic structure inherent in the dramatic text. It is divided into five distinct phases: manual annotation of the works following the scheme of topics and relationships deemed appropriate, obtaining the complete graph of elements involved from the previous entries, conduct queries on the graph to answer the questions initially proposed, create visualizations of the results through data classification techniques and semantic maps representation, and interpretation of the results using both literary theory and criticism and the results and visualizationsas obtained. From the philological field, different theories and studies are used to help with the analysis of the text: semiotics to the study for dramatic space; studies on the honor and character to determine the characteristics of the gracioso and its relationship with the other characters of the comedy, and dramatic genres theories to characterize the comedias. For the discourse analysis this study turns to the Speech Act theory in order to describe the character's actions. Through this analysis it was possible to determine the importance that the gracioso has for the Golen Age theatre, it also help to determine the character features and functions in relation to the plot, allowing to identify the inherent characteristics of each dramatic style and highlighting the dramatic features shared between dramatic genres in Calderon´s theatre.