Search

In this paper, to study biostratigraphy of Paleogene deposits based on foraminifera fauna in NW of Jiroft located in the Central Iran zone, two stratigraphic sections, namely Sabzevaran (354m) and Sad (132m) sections were selected. Planktonic foraminifera and large benthic foraminifera were identified in both sections. Faunal assemblages and vertical distribution of identified species support presence of 5 planktonic foraminiferal and 2 large benthic foraminiferal biozones in the Sabzevaran section showing Middle Eocene to Chattian age. In addition, presence of planktonic foraminiferal assemblage along with 2 large benthic foraminiferal biozones confirms the Late Eocene to Chattian age for the Sad section.

Domestic sheep and their wild relatives harbor substantial genetic variants that can form the backbone of molecular breeding, but their genome landscapes remain understudied. Here, we present a comprehensive genome resource for wild ovine species, landraces and improved breeds of domestic sheep, comprising high-coverage (∼16.10×) whole genomes of 810 samples from 7 wild species and 158 diverse domestic populations. We detected, in total, ∼121.2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, ∼61 million of which are novel. Some display significant (P < 0.001) differences in frequency between wild and domestic species, or are private to continent-wide or individual sheep populations. Retained or introgressed wild gene variants in domestic populations have contributed to local adaptation, such as the variation in the HBB associated with plateau adaptation. We identified novel and previously reported targets of selection on morphological and agronomic traits such as stature, horn, tail configuration, and wool fineness. We explored the genetic basis of wool fineness and unveiled a novel mutation (chr25: T7,068,586C) in the 3′-UTR of IRF2BP2 as plausible causal variant for fleece fiber diameter. We reconstructed prehistorical migrations from the Near Eastern domestication center to South-and-Southeast Asia and found two main waves of migrations across the Eurasian Steppe and the Iranian Plateau in the Early and Late Bronze Ages. Our findings refine our understanding of genome variation as shaped by continental migrations, introgression, adaptation, and selection of sheep., This study was financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 32061133010, 31825024, 31661143014, and 31972527), the National Key Research and Development Program-Key Projects of International Innovation Cooperation between Governments (2017YFE0117900), the External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (152111KYSB20150010), and the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP) (No. 2019QZKK0501), and the Special Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production (Nos. 2018CA001, and 2019CA009, 2020CA001).

International audience; The 14 Ma Tabas Black Land volcanic field lies on the major active Nayband Fault, Western Lut Block, central-east Iran. Eroded cones and broad craters are surrounded by lavas. Eastern lavas are fault-deformed, partly covered by sediments, while western undeformed lavas stand out as inverted relief. We study the magmatic evolution of this volcanic field and assess relationships with regional tectonics. Compositions are intraplate basaltic trachyandesite-basaltic-andesite, produced from postcollisional asthenospheric melting. Modelling indicates 5-10 wt.% partial melting of primary garnet peridotite mantle with residual garnet. Modest K 2 O values are consistent with limited source hydrous phases (e.g. phlogopite). Low P 2 O 5 /K 2 O indicates little crustal contamination. Geothermobarome-try results point towards lower crust (480-760 MPa = 18-29 km) magma storage and differentiation, where olivine and clinopyroxene fractionated to produce differentiated trachybasalt to basaltic trachyandesite at magma temperatures of 1150-1200 • C. Compared to other Lut Block volcanics, there is more partial melting in Tabas, with the lowest level of crustal contamination. The ongoing 14 million year period of volcanism along the Nayband Fault appears to have had the same source, migrating southwards over time from the Tabas Black Lands with decreasing partial melting. Nayaband magmatism seems to be dwindling, even if the fault itself remains active.; هنهپ یناشفشتآ نيمزرس هايس سبط اب نس 14 نويليم لاس رب یور لسگ لاعف و یلصا دنبيان عقاو رد شخب یبرغ کولب تول رد قرش یزکرم ناريا رارق هتفرگ تسا . رد نياهقطنم یاهطورخم شياسرف هتفاي و هناهد یاه یناشفشتآ رد هنيمز یا زا هزادگ هدنکارپ دنا . رد شخب یقرش هزادگ اه طسوت لسگ رييغت لکش هتفاي و هاگهگ اب تابوسر هديشوپ هدش،دنا رد هکيلاح هب تمس برغ هزادگ اه رييغت لکش هتفاين و یگتسجرب ( فيلر ) سوکعم ار هب شيامن هتشاذگ دنا . ام رد نيا شهوژپ هب هعلاطم لماکت یيامگام نيا هنهپ یناشفشتآهتخادرپ و طابترا نآ ار اب نيمز تخاس هيحان یا یبايزرا هدومن ميا . بيکرت یاهگنس یناشفشتآ نيمزرس هايس سبط تيزدنآ یتلازاب و یکارت یاهتيزدنآ یتلازاب طوبرم هب نوردتاحفص هراق یا هدوب هک رد رثا بوذ هتشوگ یا و رد هلحرم سپ زا دروخرب رد دنيارف یيازهوک ليکشت هديدرگ دنا . لدم یزاس ناشن یم دهد هک اهنآ زا بوذ یشخب هب رادقم 5 ات10 دصرد یمجح زا کي هتشوگ هيلوا اب بيکرت تنراگ تيتوديرپ و ماوت اب دنامسپ تنراگ دوجوب هدمآ دنا . ريداقم زيچان K2O رد نيا اهگنس رد لداعت اب روضح دودحم یاهزاف رادبآ K2O /رد نيا اهگنس یکاح زا لقادح یگدولآ هتسوپ یا تسا . جياتن نيمز امد و یجنسراشف هب عمجت و قيرفت 2O5 ) هب دننام تيپوگولف ) رد عبنم هتشوگ یا یم دشاب . تبسن نيياپ Pباذم رد یاهشخب هتسوپ نيريز 480 )ات 760 لاکساپاگم و قمع 18 ات 29 یرتموليک ) هراشا ،دراد یياج هک نيويلا و نسکوريپونيلک اه ادج هدش دنا ات یکارت یاهتيزدنآ یتلازاب ویکارت یاهتلازاب قيرفت هتفاي ار رد یامد 1150 ات 1200 هجرد دارگيتناس داجيا دنيامن . رد هسياقم اب رياس قطانم یناشفشتآ کولب ،تول رد نيمزرس هايس سبط اب بوذ یشخب رتشيبو حوطس یرتنيياپ زا یگدولآ هتسوپ یا هجاوم ميتسه . رظنب یم دسر دنيارف 14 نويليم هلاس یناشفشتآ رد دادتما لسگ دنبيان دجاو اشنم دننامه هدوب و اب تشذگ نامز زا نيمزرس هايسسبط ماوت اب شهاک رد خرن بوذ یشخب هب تمس بونج ترجاهم هدومن تسا . رگا هچ یم ناوت تفايرد هک تيلاعف یناشفشتآ رد دادتما لسگ دنبيان ليلحت هتفر یلو نيا لسگ زا رظنیکينوتکت نانچمه لاعف تسا

A comprehensive review and phylogenetic analysis of genera and species presently assigned to the rhynchonelliform superfamily Nisusioidea and family Nisusiidae suggests that this short‐lived but important group of brachiopods first appeared in peri‐Gondwana during the second half of the Cambrian Series 2, before going extinct by the end of Drumian times. Nisusiides achieved their maximum morphological disparity and geographical distribution during the Wuliuan Age, and Laurentia was probably the major centre of their dispersal. A new phylogenetic analysis suggests an early separation of the lineages of spinose and non‐spinose nisusiids. The non‐spinose nisusiids probably evolved in Laurentia by the end of Cambrian Series 4. The new nisusiid genus Bellistrophia is described. The new species Nisusia multicostata represents the first documented rhynchonelliform (kutorginide) brachiopod from the Miaolingian (Drumian) of the Alborz Mountains, Iran., LH's work is supported by the Zhongjian Yang Scholarship from the Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an. Mohammad‐Reza Kebria‐ee Zadeh thanks the Payam‐Noor University for support via a research fellowship. LEP acknowledges support from the National Museum of Wales and the Payam‐Noor University for work in Iran. MGP thanks the Uppsala University for logistical support and Golestan University for her visit on sabbatical to Sweden. ZZ sincerely acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41425008, 41621003, 41720104002 and 41890844) and the 111 Centre (D17013) for the continuous financial support for the palaeobiology group in Xi'an.

International audience; The objective of present study is to investigate the effects of walk training with and without blood flow restriction (BFR and no-BFR) on lipid profiles, inflammatory and haematological factors in over-weighed men. Participants were divided into BFR (n = 9) or no-BFR (n = 9) groups. Both groups were exposed to 8-week walk training on a treadmill: 3 sessions/week at a speed of 50 m/min, 5 sets × 2 min/session. There were differences in pre- to post-levels of (TG) and fibrinogen in the BFR group (p ≤ 0.05) that were accompanied by changes in red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB) and haematocrit (HCT) levels (p ≤ 0.05). RBC levels were increased in the BFR group (p ≤ 0.05). The groups differed in their mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). These findings suggest the efficiency of BFR walk training in individuals exposed to chronic diseases associated with overweight, such as metabolic syndrome.

International audience; Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 8 weeks resistance training (RT) with two sessions versus four sessions per week under volume load-equated conditions on body composition, maximal strength, and explosive actions performance in recreationally trained men. Methods: Thirty-five healthy young men participated in the study and were randomly divided into a two sessions per-week RT (RT2, n = 12), four sessions per-week RT (RT4, n = 13) or a control group (CG, n = 10). All subjects were evaluated for thigh, chest and arm circumference, countermovement jump (CMJ), medicine ball throw (MBT), 1-repetition maximum (1RM) leg press, bench press, arm curl, muscular endurance (i.e., 60% of 1RM to failure) for leg press, and bench press at pre, mid (week 4) and post an 8-week training intervention. Results: A two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures (3 [group] x 3 [time]) revealed that both training groups increased chest and thigh circumferences, strength and explosive actions performance tests in comparison to CG following 8 weeks of training (p = 0.01 to 0.04). Group x time interactions were also noted in 1RM bench press (effects size [ES] = 1.07 vs. 0.89) and arm curl (ES = 1.15 vs. 0.89), with greater gains for RT4 than RT2 (p = 0.03). Conclusion: RT improved muscle strength, explosive actions performance and markers of muscle size in recreationally trained men; however, four sessions of resistance training per week produced greater gains in muscular strength for the upper body measures (i.e., 1RM bench press and arm curl) when compared to two sessions per week under volume-equated conditions.

International audience; Unfortunately, the 4th author name was incorrectly published in the original publication. The complete correct name should read as follows: Seyyed Pouya Jafari Hokmabadi

The Haftcheshmeh Cu-Mo porphyry deposit is located in the NW part of the Arasbaran Metallogenic-Magmatic Zone, NW Iran. Ore mineralisation is generally hosted within the gabbro-diorite and granodiorite porphyry stocks, presenting various types of hydrothermal quartz veins and veinlets associated with potassic to sericitic alteration. Stage I corresponds to barren quartz-K-feldspar-biotite-anhydrite veins (A veins), with minor metal sulphides (pyrite ± chalcopyrite), surrounded by K-feldspar and biotite halos related to potassic alteration. Stage II is described with quartz-molybdenite-chalcopyrite-pyrite-bornite-magnetite-hematite-biotite veins, predominantly occurring in the potassic alteration halos (B veins). Stage III shows pyrite-quartz-chalcopyrite ± molybdenite-galena-sphalerite associated with sericitic alteration halos (D veins). The coexistence of halite-saturated aqueous-rich and low-salinity vapour-rich fluid inclusions in the H2O-NaCl-CO2 system is evidence of fluid boiling in each alteration/mineralising stage. This process was subsequently followed by meteoric water input diluting the CO2-bearing ore-forming fluid. LA-ICPMS data of fluid inclusions associated with the successive stages reveal elevated Na, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Mo content. The metal content of fluid inclusions of Stages II and III is in large part due to accidentally trapped minerals. Molybdenite and chalcopyrite started precipitating between stages I and II from a metal-poor fluid. The long-duration (>1 Ma) of the magmatic-hydrothermal activity and associated CO2 fluxes and repeated fluid boiling events lead to ore deposition at temperatures of 450 to 250 °C and at depths between 3.0 and 1.0 km from near-lithostatic to near-hydrostatic conditions.

International audience

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), based upon participant session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), using two models [(1) rolling averages (ACWRRA); and (2) exponentially weighted moving averages (ACWREWMA)] and the injury rate in young male team soccer players aged 17.1 ± 0.7 years during a competitive mesocycle. Twenty-two players were enrolled in this study and performed four training sessions per week with 2 days of recovery and 1 match day per week. During each training session and each weekly match, training time and sRPE were recorded. In addition, training impulse (TRIMP), monotony, and strain were subsequently calculated. The rate of injury was recorded for each soccer player over a period of 4 weeks (i.e., 28 days) using a daily questionnaire. The results showed that over the course of the study, the number of non-contact injuries was significantly higher than that for contact injuries (2.5 vs. 0.5, p = 0.01). There were also significant positive correlations between sRPE and training time (r = 0.411, p = 0.039), ACWRRA (r = 0.47, p = 0.049), and ACWREWMA (r = 0.51, p = 0.038). In addition, small-to-medium correlations were detected between ACWR and non-contact injury occurrence (ACWRRA, r = 0.31, p = 0.05; ACWREWMA, r = 0.53, p = 0.03). Explained variance (r 2) for non-contact injury was significantly greater using the ACWREWMA model (ranging between 21 and 52%) compared with ACWRRA (ranging between 17 and 39%). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the ACWREWMA model is more sensitive than ACWRRA to identify non-contact injury occurrence in male team soccer players during a short period in the competitive season., Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe, 666

International audience; Thermoregulation is a homeostatic mechanism that is disrupted in some neurological diseases. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are susceptible to increases in body temperature, especially with more severe neurological signs. This condition can become intolerable when these patients suffer febrile infections such as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). We review the mechanisms of hyperthermia in patients with MS, and they may encounter when infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Finally, the thermoregulatory role and relevant adaptation to regular physical exercise are summarized.

International audience; As for daily increasing mortality rate in world due to the growth of cancer causing agents, design and synthesis of new compounds with anticancer potential benefits is one of the most important challenges for researchers. In the present work, we synthesized a new Schiff base Pd(II) complex in bulk-scale and also in nano-scales by Sonochemical method. The structure of synthesized complex was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. Then the cell viability percent of HeLa cancer cells was studied by MTT assay. The results confirmed that reducing the size has salient effect in annihilation of cancer cells. Also, nano-scale complex reached to IC50 in 10 μM of concentration. Binding ability of the nano- and bulk-scale Pd(II) Schiff base complex with calf thymus DNA and human serum albumin was investigated using combination of experimental (fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) and viscosity) and computational (molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and QM/MM) methods. The estimated binding constants for the complex in both of bulk- and nano-scales showed that the nano-scale complex binds more tightly to DNA than its bulk-scale form. This finding is in good agreement with MTT assay results. Molecular docking studies revealed that Pd(II) complex binds to the minor groove and IB binding site of DNA and HSA, respectively. Also, MD simulation studies showed that complexation with the Pd(II) complex changes the structure of HSA with compared to free protein. Finally, the ONIOM results indicated that the structural parameters of the compound changed along with binding to DNA and HSA, indicating the strong interaction between the compound and these biomacromolecules. The values of binding constants depend on the extent of the resultant changes.

In this research tannic acid was used to prepare soy-based adhesives for making plywood and fiber board. The different resin formulations were analyzed by Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and its derivative as a function of temperature (DTG) and Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results showed that the addition of tannic acid to soy-based adhesive decreased soy-based adhesive viscosity and its pH. The DSC analysis showed that the denaturation temperature of soy-based adhesives decrease by adding tannic acid. The TGA and DTG curves showed that the thermal degradation of soy flour starts above 146 °C. The FTIR spectroscopy results also showed that the soy flour amino acids appeared to react well with tannic acid. Furthermore, delamination and shear strength test results showed the good water resistance of plywood bonded with soy-based tannic acid-modified adhesive. The mechanical and physical properties such as MOR, MOE, IB, and water resistance of fiberboard were improved, by adding tannic acid to the soy-based adhesive.

In this research, two different types of commercial tannins, namely a hydrolysable tannin (chestnut) and a condensed flavonoid tannin (mimosa), were used to prepare two types of soy-based (soy flour (SF) and soy protein isolate) adhesives for making plywood. Thermogravimetric properties (TGA) and its derivative as function of temperature (DTG) of different soy-based adhesive were measured in the range 40°C–300°C. Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) from 25°C to 250°C was done for the different resin formulations. Duplicate three-ply laboratory plywood panels were prepared by adding 300 g/m2 of the adhesives’ total resin solid content composed of SF or isolated soy protein (ISP), urea, chestnut, and mimosa tannin extracts with hexamine as hardener. Based on the results obtained, tannins can improve SF adhesion properties. The TMA showed that chestnut tannin extract appeared to react well with SF, while mimosa tannin extract appeared to react well with ISP. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization ti...

PURPOSE: Zataria is a plant with anti-inflammatory properties, which has been used for the treatment of many diseases. This study investigated the effect of different intensities of circuit resistance training and Zataria supplementation on plasma retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Seventy-two postmenopausal women were divided on randomized order into six groups: Control (McGinley and Bishop in J Appl Physiol 121(6):1290–1305, 2016), Training 35% (T35%), Training 55% (T55%), Zataria (Özgünen et al. in Scand J Med Sci Sports 20:140–147, 2010), Zataria/Training 35% (ZT35%), and Zataria/Training 55% (ZT55%). Resist-ance training program included 12 exercise stations (each: 30 s, intensity: 35% and 55% of 1-RM) for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). Daily (500 mg) Zataria was used after breakfast by participants in ZG, ZT35%, and ZT55% groups. Blood samples were taken 48 h before and after the first and last sessions of training. RESULTS: After the training period the percentage of body fat decreased significantly (P < 0.001) in all trained groups, whereas muscle mass increased significantly (P < 0.01) only in T55% and ZT55% groups. A significant decrease was observed for RBP-4 values (P < 0.05) after training in all groups except for ZG and CG. Also, RBP-4 was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in all groups as compared to CG at the post-test except for ZG. Moreover, significantly lower values (P < 0.05) were found in T55%, ZT35%, and ZT55% as compared to ZG in post-intervention. TNF-α values decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the post-test as compared to pre-intervention in ZT35% and ZT55%. Also, TNF-α was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in ZT55% compared to CG and T35% in post-test CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate clearly that in postmenopausal women, circuit resistance training both at low and moderate intensities cause a greater reduction in RBP-4 and TNF-α when Zataria is supplemented in the diet during training.

One of the most important features in the solar atmosphere is magnetic network and its rela- tionship with the transition region (TR), and coronal brightness. It is important to understand how energy is transported into the corona and how it travels along the magnetic-field lines be- tween deep photosphere and chromosphere through the TR and corona. An excellent proxy for transportation is the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) raster scans and imaging observations in near-ultraviolet (NUV) and far-ultraviolet (FUV) emission channels with high time-spatial resolutions. In this study, we focus on the quiet Sun as observed with IRIS. The data with high signal to noise ratio in Si IV, C II and Mg II k lines and with strong emission intensities show a high correlation in TR bright network points. The results of the IRIS intensity maps and dopplergrams are compared with those of Atmo- spheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) instruments onboard the Solar Dynamical Observatory (SDO). The average network intensity profiles show a strong correlation with AIA coronal channels. Furthermore, we applied simultaneous observations of magnetic network from HMI and found a strong relationship between the network bright points in all levels of the solar atmosphere. These features in network elements exhibited high doppler velocity regions and large mag- netic signatures. A dominative fraction of corona bright points emission, accompanied by the magnetic origins in photosphere, suggest that magnetic-field concentrations in the network rosettes could help couple between inner and outer solar atmosphere., 8 pages, 10 figures, Accepted in MNRAS

A total of 71,518 days open (DO) and number of services per conception (NSC) records of 28,523 Iranian Holstein cows were analysed by random regression model. Akaike’s information criterion and likelihood ratio test suggested that a model with quadratic Legendre polynomials for additive genetic and permanent environmental was best. Heritability in different parities ranged from 0.103 to 0.045 in first parity and 0.054 to 0.030 in sixth parity for DO and NSC, respectively. Estimated genetic correlations between parities decreased continuously with increasing distance between parities for both DO and NSC. The first eigenfunction explained 89.99% and 97.22 % of the total genetic variance of DO and NSC, while the second eigenfunction accounted 6.24% and 3.18%, respectively. Different selection indices were constructed for DO and NSC. Genetic response to improve overall fertility was greater when the index included the first eigenvector than the response obtained from indices excluding it. Similar genetic gains were obtained from the first eigenvector, which had a nearly flat associated eigenfunction along lactations and from selection by the intercept of the random regression. The first eigenvector indices were responsible of changes in the level of DO and NSC in a similar manner for all parities, without altering the shape of the response curve across parities. The second and third eigenvector indices modified the shape of this curve but the improvement in genetic gains by including them in the selection index were small (DO) or negligible (NSC) due to the small amount of variability associated with these components.

International audience; Todays, instead of steel reinforcements, Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) rebars have been using in the reinforced concrete structures. By consideration of different strain-stress behavior between steel and composite material, it is necessary to evaluate the difference of these two materials inside of RC beams. In this research, twelve reinforced concrete T-shape beams were modeled using ABAQUS finite element software. Six of the beams performed as T-shape in which three of them reinforced with FRP rebars and three others were reinforced with steel rebars. As the same as first six beams property, other six beams defined by rectangular performance. The nonlinear static method was used to analysis and load-displacement diagram had been taken to compare the results. The results showed that, the stiffness of T-shape beam is much more than the beams with rectangular performance. Moreover, by comparing FRP and steel rebars, using the FRP rebars reduced stiffness and increased the load capacity.

In this paper, we define the notion of PC-lattice, as a generalization of finite positive implicative BCK-algebras with condition (S) and bounded commutative BCK-algebras. We investiate some results for Pc-lattices being a new class of BCK-lattices. Specially, we prove that any Boolean lattice is a PC-lattice and we show that if X is a PC-lattice with condition S, then X is an involutory BCK-algebra if and only if X is a commutative BCK-algebra. Finally, we prove that any PC-lattice with condition (S) is a distributive BCK-algebra.

International audience; The aim of this study was the reduction of formaldehyde emission from particleboard by phenolated Kraft lignin. For this purpose, the lignin was extracted from black liquor and then modified by phenolation. During the urea formaldehyde (UF) resin synthesis different proportions of unmodified and phenolated Kraft lignins (10%, 15%, and 20%) were added at pH = 7 instead of the second urea. Physicochemical properties and structural changes of resins so prepared, as well as the internal bond (IB) strength and formaldehyde emission associated with the panels bonded with them were measured according to standard methods. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of lignin indicated that the content of O-H bonds increased in phenolated lignin while the aliphatic ethers C-O bonds decreased markedly in the modified lignin. Since both synthesis of UF resins and lignin phenolation are carried out under acid conditions, phenolation is an interesting way of modifying lignin for use in wood adhesive. The panels bonded with these resins showed significantly lower formaldehyde emission compared to commercial UF adhesives. The UF resin with 20% phenolated lignin exhibited less formaldehyde release without significant differences in internal bond strength and physicochemical properties compared to an unmodified UF resin. XRD analysis results indicated that addition of phenolated lignin decreased the crystallinity of the hardened UF resins.

High performance double-layer coatings composed of copper (Cu) interlayer and the Cu/diamond-like carbon (DLC) composite top layer were prepared via magnetron sputtering for protection of carbon steel. The effect of Cu content in the composite layer on the internal stress, contact angle, mechanical, tribological, and corrosion performance of coatings was discussed. Raman spectroscopy confirmed formation of DLC phase. Double-layer Cu-rich coatings exhibited high degree of sp2 carbon clustering, but low diamond-like sp3 bonding. The internal stress of double layer Cu-(Cu/DLC composite) coatings was decreased with Cu content increase. The double-layer Cu-(Cu/DLC composite) thin films with low Cu content did not pose a significant effect on hardness and Young's modulus of the steel substrate, while increase of Cu content enhanced hardness of coating up to 28 GPa. The contact angle of steel substrate showed an increase when coated with double-layer Cu-(Cu/DLC composite) thin film, but not that much at such inadequate Cu content. Inclusion of Cu interlayer improved to some extent corrosion properties, where increase of Cu content assisted in protection. Double-layer coatings with the highest performance were compared with single-layer Cu/DLC coating. Elimination of interlayer deteriorated mechanical properties, but increased electrochemical performance, signifying the importance of controlling Cu/DLC composition and Cu interlayer inclusion.

International audience; Acid copper chromate fixation reactions on oak (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey) sapwood were characterized by at least two distinguished reaction periods which differ in their kinetic behavior, particularly reaction rate. In this research, chemical rate equation parameters were studied in detail as a function of chromium fixation time. Theoretically, the kinetic data were distinguished between the adsorption and reduction reactions and consequently, the rate parameters were determined for each stage distinctly. The obtained results showed that at the investigated thermal range (25–33°C), almost for every 3°C increase in temperature the reaction duration has decreased 20.4 min for the first reaction period and 78 min for the second reaction period. Besides that, in all sample replications, up to 58.3% of hydrogen ions function at the reduction reactions of the initial period, demonstrating that acidity (H+ ions) has a major effect on reaction rate constant. Accordingly, adsorption reactions of the hexavalent chromium at the starting point follow a pseudo-first-order kinetic reaction. Different to the adsorption reaction the CrVI reduction reaction is exothermic with a measured exothermal energy of 48.2 kJ/mol.

International audience; The attempt is made to produce recombinant factor VIII but the first step in producing such product is production and purification of rabbit's polyclonal antibody against factor VIII. The second and third steps involve monoclonal antibody and recombinant factor VIII production. Factor VIII is one of the most important coagulating factor where its deficiency leads to diseases like hemophilia type A or classic. It is an inherited disease. Previously, it was obtained through fractionation of blood plasma of blood donors. After processing, factor VIII could be used to manage such patients. Due to transfer of viral disease like hepatitis and HIV through factor VIII obtained by fractionation, high cost of production, insufficiency of the donors and the process of virus removal, thus production of factor VIII through recombinant technology can be useful and helpful. The reaction between antibody and antigen is one the most specific reaction; therefore, such reaction can be employed to identify factor VIII. Thereby, rabbits were injected several times with adjuvant-linked antigen to produce antibody. The antibody was separated from the blood sample, purified and used to identify factor VIII in the research.

International audience; In this paper, a model-based approach is presented to quantify the effective synchrony between hippocampal areas from depth-EEG signals. This approach is based on the parameter identification procedure of a realistic Multi-Source/Multi-Channel (MSMC) hippocampal model that simulates the function of different areas of hippocampus. In the model it is supposed that the observed signals recorded using intracranial electrodes are generated by some hidden neuronal sources, according to some parameters. An algorithm is proposed to extract the intrinsic (solely relative to one hippocampal area) and extrinsic (coupling coefficients between two areas) model parameters, simultaneously, by a Maximum Likelihood (ML) method. Coupling coefficients are considered as the measure of effective synchronization. This work can be considered as an application of Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) that enables us to understand effective synchronization changes during transition from inter-ictal to pre -ictal state. The algorithm is first validated by using some synthetic datasets. Then by extracting the coupling coefficients of real depth-EEG signals by the proposed approach, it is observed that the coupling values show no significant difference between ictal, pre-ictal and inter-ictal states, i.e. either the increase or decrease of coupling coefficients has been observed in all states. However, taking the value of intrinsic parameters into account, pre-seizure state can be distinguished from inter-ictal state. It is claimed that seizures start to appear when there are seizure-related physiological parameters on the onset channel, and its coupling coefficient toward other channels increases simultaneously. As a result of considering both intrinsic and extrinsic parameters as the feature vector, inter-ictal, pre-ictal and ictal activities are discriminated from each other with an accuracy of 91.33% accuracy.

International audience; Protein glycosylation is associated with the development and progression of specific diseases, including cancers. The ginger rhizome is known to have anti-cancer and anti-fungal properties. This investigation was carried out to study the effect of ginger on glycoproteins of Raji cells. A 10% yield of ginger extract was mixed with 0.01% DMSO and added to 6 x 10(4) Raji cells at different concentrations for 24, 48 and 72 h at 37 degrees C. Their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined and analyzed statistically using Graphpad prism software. Cell extracts were prepared and their glycoproteins purified using lectin-affinity chromatography (Q proteome total glycoprotein and O glycoprotein kits) and SDS PAGE was carried out. IC50 of ginger extract on Raji cells was 20 microg mL(-1) at 72 h with < 0.01 significance. Silver staining of purified glycoprotiens in Raji cells indicated the presence of O-glycans and N-glycans. N-linked mannose and N-linked sialic acids were detected with the total glycoprotein kit. O-linked galactose and O-linked sialic acids were identified with the O-glycoprotein. Ginger reduced the expression of O-linked sialic acid and also N-linked mannose on Raji cells but had no effect on other glycoproteins. Sialic acid is now well known as a cancer marker and investigations are on to use it as a drug-target in cancerous tissues.

The synthesis of a number of 3-(alkylamino)-2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8- carboxylic acids via a facile route involving the reaction between 2-amino-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, benzaldehyde derivatives, and isonitriles is reported. The structures of the synthesized compounds are proved by X-ray crystallography. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved., Financial support was provided by the Research Council of Urmia University, Payame Noor University, the Ministerio de Economía Competitividad de España (MAT2010-15094, Factoría de Cristalización–Consolider Ingenio 2010), and ERDF.