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Lowland market gardening is an economic activity in Burkina Faso. However, current climatic conditions are causing changes in this activity. The objective of this study is to analyze changes in market gardening systems in the light of rainfall variability. Both primary and secondary data were used. The study shows that the area is experiencing an increase in annual rainfall, with high variability (CV over 30%). The climatic aridity index shows alternating wet periods (1990-2002), dry periods (2002-2011) and a wet period (2011-2020). These different alternations of wet and dry periods are punctuated by high variability. In addition, the study reveals that market gardeners also perceive rainfall variability through the duration of the rainy season, the variability of annual rainfall and pockets of drought. This leads them to recompose their market gardening system. Thus, in the 2000s, the importance index (II) of vegetable cropping systems was high for systems such as: Onion + tomato + cabbage; Onion + tomato + chilli; Onion + tomato + African aubergine; Onion + tomato + African aubergine + chilli. The choice of these systems was motivated by urban demand. However, the current climatic context obliges market gardeners to produce vegetables while taking into account water problems. This has led market gardeners to recompose their vegetable growing system, with the domination of systems such as: Celery + parsley; Mint + parsley; Parsley + mint + celery; Parsley + onion + mint. However, the choice of these systems depends on socio-demographic characteristics. Thus, Spearman's rank correlation revealed that the experience of the vegetable farmers has a moderate correlation (p=0.559, p-value=0.000) with the choice of vegetable cropping systems and also the size of the farm, with p=0.657, p-value=0.000).

Purpose. The objective of the study is to assess the sustainability of adaptation strategies promoted by farmers in agroforestry systems in Burkina Faso through the sustainable development analysis guide (SDAG). For this purpose, primary data were collected by the survey method. One hundred and four (104) people were interviewed using a questionnaire. Secondary data were also used. Descriptive statistics and the Excel logical test were used to analyse the collected data. Results. The results show that in a context of climate variability, farmers mobilize several strategies such as: proactive, reactive and combined strategies. The adaptation strategy index shows that proactive strategies are strongly used, followed by combined proactive strategies, reactive strategies and silvicultural techniques. However, the first three strategies are used more by farmers. Moreover, the evaluation of the strategies used by farmers was based on the first three strategies. It was found that proactive and combined strategies are more sustainable than reactive ones, as farmers have difficulties in assessing the climate risks they face. Thus, the environmental component of sustainable development is strongly impacted by reactive strategies, which is reflected in the low weighting of respondents and experts. Scientific novelty. The novelty is the use of the sustainable development analysis guide, which allows the sustainability of farmers’ adaptation strategies to be assessed. The tool made it possible to compare the results of field survey and the opinions of experts (through a literature review) with dimensions of sustainable development (social, economic, environmental). Thus, for each dimension, variables and indicators were associated. Thanks to the tool, the results were achieved. Practical value. The advantage of this approach is that sustainability assessment can be done through empirical data (from surveys). This is important for developing countries such as Burkina Faso where assessments based on economic techniques are difficult, as the rural population is mostly illiterate.

This article is a critical and retrospective analysis of rice farming programmes in Burkina Faso. Because of African States’ lack of legitimacy, major hydro-agricultural projects have emerged as an opportunity to mobilize the population, especially the rural population, around development issues and to legitimize political leaders. In Burkina Faso, although recurrent droughts justify recourse to irrigation to secure agricultural production, investments in rice farming make it possible to reduce food imports. These investments in rice farming would conceal other strategic and political motives. The analysis of the strategies related to hydro-agricultural farming will combine both the spatial dynamics concerning rice-farming areas and the logics of actors’ intervention, through a qualitative approach. The logics of actors’ intervention consisted of formal and informal interviews with the services in charge of agriculture, producers and NGOs working in the agricultural sector. These interviews were supplemented by in situ observations on about ten irrigated perimeters and a literature review on the history of hydro-agricultural farming in Burkina Faso. The article first presents how rice cultivation has evolved from a marginal activity to an activity with a strong spatial hold and which mobilizes many actors and development programmes. It then analyses the relevance of the choice of irrigation and rice cultivation particularly, for the development of poor rural areas that are faced with climatic hazards. Finally, it deciphers the strategic nature of irrigation, which remains a propaganda tool in the hands of political elites who use it to enhance their legitimacy in the eyes of rural populations. Lastly, it reveals that rice farming, despite all the avatars we know about it, contributes to guaranteeing and strengthening the incomes of many farmers and food sovereignty of Burkina Faso.

The study aims to identify areas where agro-pastoralists access to water during the dry season in the drainage basin of the river Goudébo. The approach is the spatial reference analysis AMC-RS based on Geographic Information System and Multi-Criteria Analysis. Water points used for different needs (boulis, drillings, ponds, tanks, sumps, wells and dams) were identified with the people. Cartographic documents and field surveys have constitute, through the GIS, a map database of these elements. Taking into account the travel times allowed a spatial representation of the accessibility to water points. The AMC-RS were made from the results of GIS, on the basis of criteria proposed by the people during the interviewing sessions. The results of the analysis gave 7.4 % of areas with a high level of aggregate access to different types of water point. These relatively small areas are circumscribed around 40 % of the villages. The importance taken by dams, and particularly that of Yakouta, puts the problem of the management of their feed area in the future.geographic information system, multi-criteria analysis, access to water, Burkina Faso

Les petits barrages sont importants pour le monde rural au Burkina Faso. À Lapara, dans la commune de Boromo, leur exploitation a permis l’émergence d’une véritable filière de la banane douce qui touche la Boucle du Mouhoun, la région des hauts bassins et la région du Centre du Burkina Faso. Cependant, ces dernières années, le système de culture dans les bananiers de jadis a été recomposé et de nouveaux systèmes de culture à base de banane émergent. L’objectif principal de cette étude est d’analyser les déterminants de la recomposition des systèmes de culture dans les bananiers autour du barrage de Petit Balé, du village de Lapara. Pour ce faire, une méthodologie a été mise en place. Elle a consisté en une revue de la littérature relative à la thématique de recherche, un échantillonnage de la population cible à investiguer, des enquêtes de terrain auprès de cent (100) producteurs, et des observations pour se faire une idée de la réalité du terrain. Les résultats de l’étude montrent que huit (08) systèmes de culture à base de bananiers ont été identifiés en raison de l’introduction de la culture maraîchère. Cette recomposition est principalement le résultat de facteurs sociodémographiques, économiques, géographiques et la survenue de la pandémie Covid-19 dans la zone et dans le reste du Burkina Faso.

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In a dual context characterized, on the one hand, by the proliferation of forest areas made possible by initiatives such as "one department, one forest", and on the other hand, by the devolution of the management of these forest areas to local populations through decentralization, it is necessary and opportune to investigate the management of these forest resources. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the management of two community forests by examining the access of local residents to information related to these forests and their participation in their management. To this end, quantitative data were collected from 201 households living near these forests. The Likert scale, consisting of four possible options, was used to assess the level of access of local residents to information related to the forests and the extent of their participation in forest management. The results of this analysis revealed respective overall mean scores of 3.59 for information access and 2.89 for participation in management, indicating a high level of information access and a moderate degree of peasant participation in forest management. These farmers should be encouraged to maximize their participation in the management of the forests to which they are adjacent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé : Le Burkina Faso, sous l’influence des Politiques d’Ajustement Structurel (PAS) financées par les institutions financières internationales telles que le Fonds monétaire international (FMI) et la Banque mondiale (BM), est contraint d’abandonner la gestion centralisée des aménagements hydro-agricoles. Cette nouvelle vision consiste à intégrer les usagers dans la chaine de gouvernance des territoires hydrauliques, puis de libéraliser le secteur de l’irrigation. Ces injonctions qui impliquent le recul de la gestion centralisée avaient pour objectifs de réduire les dépenses publiques et d’améliorer la gestion des périmètres irrigués. Le présent travail analyse la dynamique des stratégies de gouvernance et d’occupation foncière dans les territoires locaux de bas-fonds au Burkina Faso à l’ombre de la mise en œuvre des Politiques d’Ajustement Structurel (PAS) dans le secteur agricole. La méthodologie de recherche s’appuie sur une analyse de données issues de l’état de l’art à partir du modèle d’analyse de la théorie du changement. Les résultats mettent en évidence une dynamique de l’occupation et de la gouvernance foncière des territoires locaux de bas-fonds du Burkina Faso. L’application des PAS dans le secteur agricole au Burkina Faso a favorisé une transition progressive d’une gestion centralisée vers une approche libéralisée, favorisant l’investissement privé, la privatisation des terres agricoles et l’exploitation individuelle des parcelles irriguées au détriment des exploitations collectives. Les politiques d’ajustement structurel ont ainsi porté un « coup dur » à l’agriculture familiale, à l’irrigation collective au profit d’une gestion autonome et d’une appropriation foncière individuelle. Mots clés : Ajustement structurel ; agriculture ; irrigation/bas-fonds ; occupation foncière ; dynamique foncière, Burkina Faso.