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In present study, using simple and inexpensive novel reflux method, Cadmium Oxide (CdO) thin films were successfully deposited on glass substrate. Here to deposit CdO on glass substrate, Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2) was used as a source of Cd+ ions, while ammonia was taken as complexing agent. Structural analysis and surface morphology of prepared CdO thin film was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy respectively, Also wettability test was done by using goniometer which showed hydrophilic nature of deposited CdO thin film. Optical properties of CdO thin film was completed by using UV-Visible spectroscopy which revealed that deposited CdO thin film has direct band gap about 2.01 eV. NO2 gas sensing properties like sensitivity, response recovery & response time of prepared CdO sensor was determined by using Keithley gas sensing unit. In present work effect of concentration of NO2 gas on response of CdO sensor was studied and it was cleared that as NO2 gas concentration increases (25 ppm – 100 ppm), the response of CdO sensor was also increases & it becomes maximum i.e. (57 %) for 100 ppm of NO2 with optimized temperature of 200°C. Variation of response and recovery time with NO2 gas concentration was studied and it was concluded that as concentration of NO2 gas increases, response time increases while recovery time decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retraction Note to: Sol-gel derived Co3O4 thin films: effect of annealing on structural, morphological and optoelectronic properties References 1 Patil V, Pawar S, Chougule M, Raut B, Mulik R, Sen S. New method for fabrication of Co3O4 thin film sensors: structural, morphological and optoelectronic properties. M.A. Chougule, P.R. Godse, R.D. Sakhare and V.B. Patil agree with this retraction. [Extracted from the article]

As group B streptococci (GBS) prevalence varies from place to place and this organism is responsible for serious infections in newborns such as septicaemia and meningitis, the present study was carried out to find the prevalence of GBS in pregnant women and their neonates. From June 1998 to April 1999 a total of 317 pregnant women and their neonates were examined for GBS. GBS colonization rate was 2.52% and 1.26% in pregnant women and their neonates respectively. Four sites - viz. throat, external ears, external nares and stump of umbilicus from neonates were found to be equally colonized by GBS immediately after birth and at the time of discharge from hospital, except the umbilicus which was not swabbed at the time of discharge. None of the neonates developed GBS related sepsis. Selective broth medium (SBM) was found to be a superior transport method over Stuart transport medium and filter paper method. All the isolates were sensitive to Ampicillin, Erythromycin, Penicillin followed by Chloramphenicol 66.6% (12/18). All the strains were resistant to Gentamicin, followed by Tetracycline 94.4% (17/18) and Kanamycin 88.8% (16/18).

Over a period of 2 years, 28 patients admitted to Government General Hospital (GGH), Sangli (which is attached to Government Medical College (GMC), Miraj) yielded multi-drug resistant non-typhoidal salmonellae from their clinical material. The pediatric age group predominated in the study, accounting for 93% of cases. Salmonella typhimurium was the main isolate (86%), the other being Salmonella newport (14%). Gastroenteritis was the commonest presentation. Septicaemia was seen with 100% mortality, in infants below 1 month of age. Two cases of meningitis were also seen.

A total of 5,606 samples were collected during January 1978 to December 1983. Out of which 4,900 were of voluntary blood donors, 564 of acute hepatitis, 130 of liver cirrhosis and 12 from hepatocellular carcinoma cases. All these samples were studied by counter immune-electro-osmophoresis (CIEP) for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The HBsAg were detected in 40 samples from voluntary donors (0.8%), 122 cases of acute hepatitis (21.6%), 20 cases of liver cirrhosis (15.3%) and 2 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (16.6%).

Out of 1040 cases of road side crush injuries 14 cases (1.3%) who developed gas gangrene clinically were studied bacteriologically. Clostridia accounted for 6 (42.86%) cases and non-clostridial anaerobes and aerobes for 4 (28.57%) cases each. Clostridium perfringens was found to be the commonest isolate but non-clostridial anaerobes and aerobes also formed a sizable number. It was concluded that for prevention of gas gangrene a proper surgical toilet and antibiotics at the time of injury were necessary and a smear examination might give a clue to early diagnosis.

Following a case of diphtheria, 131 contacts were studied for throat and nose carriage. The carriage of C. diphtheriae was found to be 19.8%, 65.3% of them were toxin producing by counter-immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP). The carriers were treated with erythromycin for 7 days. Repeat swabs found them to be negative for C. diphtheriae except in four who had erythromycin resistant and penicillin sensitive strains. Penicillin treatment eliminated the organisms.