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The main objectives of the present article were to systematize the modern views of the causes and risk factors of allergic rhinitis, to clarify the manner of its development, to define the leading etiological mechanism underling the pathogenesis of this condition, to consider the methods used for the diagnostics and the treatment of this disease, and to sum up the clinical experience with the use of Levocetirizine (Allerwey) for the management of allergic rhinitis. Special attention is given to the achievement and the maintenance of control of the persistent or intermittent forms of allergic rhinitis and to approaches to its treatment based on the medications registered in the Russian Federation.

The fetoplacental system was studied in 80 patients with congenital heart disease by placental scintigraphy, cardiotocography, and ultrasonic examination. Disordered uteroplacental blood flow was detected in 52 of the 64 patients, small-for-date fetuses in 36 of the 80, and chronic fetal hypoxia in 48 of the 72 patients. The authors come to a conclusion that a congenital heart disease is a risk factor in respect of placental insufficiency development.

Fetal gas exchange and a neonate's status were found to be closely related to the capacity of controlled maternal pulmonary ventilation during abdominal delivery. To calculate the minute volume of ventilation, correction factors were proposed. The optimization of gas exchange during an operation was provided by sombrevin. The proposed procedure decreased the incidence of fetal hypoxia and neonatal asphyxia.