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2. SARS-CoV-2 FP1 Destabilizes Lipid Membranes and Facilitates Pore Formation.

Author

Sumarokova, Maria, Pavlov, Rais, Lavushchenko, Tatiana, Vasilenko, Egor, Kozhemyakin, Grigory, Fedorov, Oleg, Molotkovsky, Rodion, and Bashkirov, Pavel

Subjects
*BILAYER lipid membranes, *MEMBRANE fusion, *FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy, *PEPTIDES, *STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 viral entry requires membrane fusion, which is facilitated by the fusion peptides within its spike protein. These predominantly hydrophobic peptides insert into target membranes; however, their precise mechanistic role in membrane fusion remains incompletely understood. Here, we investigate how FP1 (SFIEDLLFNKVTLADAGFIK), the N-terminal fusion peptide, modulates membrane stability and barrier function across various model membrane systems. Through a complementary suite of biophysical techniques—including electrophysiology, fluorescence spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy—we demonstrate that FP1 significantly promotes pore formation and alters the membrane's mechanical properties. Our findings reveal that FP1 reduces the energy barrier for membrane defect formation and stimulates the appearance of stable conducting pores, with effects modulated by membrane composition and mechanical stress. The observed membrane-destabilizing activity suggests that, beyond its anchoring function, FP1 may facilitate viral fusion by locally disrupting membrane integrity. These results provide mechanistic insights into SARS-CoV-2 membrane fusion mechanisms and highlight the complex interplay between fusion peptides and target membranes during viral entry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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3. Boosting Lipofection Efficiency Through Enhanced Membrane Fusion Mechanisms.

Author

Pavlov, Rais V., Akimov, Sergey A., Dashinimaev, Erdem B., and Bashkirov, Pavel V.

Abstract

Gene transfection is a fundamental technique in the fields of biological research and therapeutic innovation. Due to their biocompatibility and membrane-mimetic properties, lipid vectors serve as essential tools in transfection. The successful delivery of genetic material into the cytoplasm is contingent upon the fusion of the vector and cellular membranes, which enables hydrophilic polynucleic acids to traverse the hydrophobic barriers of two intervening membranes. This review examines the critical role of membrane fusion in lipofection efficiency, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms that govern lipoplex–membrane interactions. This analysis will examine the key challenges inherent to the fusion process, from achieving initial membrane proximity to facilitating final content release through membrane remodeling. In contrast to viral vectors, which utilize specialized fusion proteins, lipid vectors necessitate a strategic formulation and environmental optimization to enhance their fusogenicity. This review discusses recent advances in vector design and fusion-promoting strategies, emphasizing their potential to improve gene delivery yield. It highlights the importance of understanding lipoplex–membrane fusion mechanisms for developing next-generation delivery systems and emphasizes the need for continued fundamental research to advance lipid-mediated transfection technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Application of Dicationic Gemini Surfactants with Dodecane Spacer and Carbamate Fragments

Author

Vasileva, Leysan, primary, Gaynanova, Gulnara, additional, Valeeva, Farida, additional, Romanova, Elvira, additional, Pavlov, Rais, additional, Kuznetsov, Denis, additional, Belyaev, Grigory, additional, Zueva, Irina, additional, Lyubina, Anna, additional, Voloshina, Alexandra, additional, Petrov, Konstantin, additional, and Zakharova, Lucia, additional

Published
2023
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7. The Formation of Morphologically Stable Lipid Nanocarriers for Glioma Therapy

Author

Pavlov, Rais, primary, Romanova, Elvira, additional, Kuznetsov, Denis, additional, Lyubina, Anna, additional, Amerhanova, Syumbelya, additional, Voloshina, Alexandra, additional, Buzyurova, Daina, additional, Babaev, Vasily, additional, Zueva, Irina, additional, Petrov, Konstantin, additional, Lukashenko, Svetlana, additional, Gaynanova, Gulnara, additional, and Zakharova, Lucia, additional

Published
2023
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9. Supramolecular Tools to Improve Wound Healing and Antioxidant Properties of Abietic Acid: Biocompatible Microemulsions and Emulgels

Author

Mirgorodskaya, Alla, primary, Kushnazarova, Rushana, additional, Pavlov, Rais, additional, Valeeva, Farida, additional, Lenina, Oksana, additional, Bushmeleva, Kseniya, additional, Kuryashov, Dmitry, additional, Vyshtakalyuk, Alexandra, additional, Gaynanova, Gulnara, additional, Petrov, Konstantin, additional, and Zakharova, Lucia, additional

Published
2022
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10. Oxime Therapy for Brain AChE Reactivation and Neuroprotection after Organophosphate Poisoning

Author

Kuznetsova, Darya A., primary, Gaynanova, Gulnara A., additional, Vasilieva, Elmira A., additional, Pavlov, Rais V., additional, Zueva, Irina V., additional, Babaev, Vasily M., additional, Kuznetsov, Denis M., additional, Voloshina, Alexandra D., additional, Petrov, Konstantin A., additional, Zakharova, Lucia Y., additional, and Sinyashin, Oleg G., additional

Published
2022
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14. Biomedical potentialities of cationic geminis as modulating agents of liposome in drug delivery across biological barriers and cellular uptake

Author

Pavlov, Rais V., primary, Gaynanova, Gulnara A., additional, Kuznetsova, Darya A., additional, Vasileva, Leysan A., additional, Zueva, Irina V., additional, Sapunova, Anastasiia S., additional, Buzyurova, Daina N., additional, Babaev, Vasily M., additional, Voloshina, Alexandra D., additional, Lukashenko, Svetlana S., additional, Rizvanov, Ildar Kh., additional, Petrov, Konstantin A., additional, Zakharova, Lucia Ya., additional, and Sinyashin, Oleg G., additional

Published
2020
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16. Aggregation of morpholinium surfactants with amino alcohols as additives: a close look

Author

Pavlov, Rais V, Valeeva, Farida G, Gaynanova, Gulnara A, Kuznetsov, Denis M, and Zakharova, Lucia Ya

Abstract

Mono-, di- and triethanolamine in combination with methylmorpholinium and hydroxyethylmorpholinium surfactants were investigated for their aggregation and solubilizing properties. A co-operative behavior of the solubilization by mixed surfactant–ethanolamine systems is described. Ethanolamines strongly affect pH and lead to Orange OT phenolic group deprotonation and subsequent increase in aqueous/micellar solubility. The morpholinium surfactant micelles reduce the pKaof the Orange OT phenolic group, enabling its deprotonation at the earlier stages of medium alkalinization. The obtained surfactant–ethanolamine mixtures can solubilize very large amounts of hydrophobic dye, which can then be triggered to precipitate through acidification.

Published
2022
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17. The synthesis of CdSe quantum dots stabilized by polymers and polyelectrolyte capsules

Author

Gaynanova, Gulnara A, Bekmukhametova, Alina M, Kashapov, Ruslan R, Pavlov, Rais V, Vasilieva, Elmira A, Lenina, Oksana A, Nizameev, Irek R, Kadirov, Marsil K, Ziganshin, Albina Yu, Petrov, Konstantin A, and Zakharova, Lucia Ya

Abstract

The formation of nanocomposites based on quantum dots and polymers is a way of combining the benefits of quantum dots, such as their fundamental novelty and biomedical perspectives, with technological capabilities of polymers. The aim of this work was to synthesize cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots in the presence of polymers (polyethyleneimine and chitosan) in an aqueous solution and embed cadmium selenide/polymer nanoparticles into polyelectrolyte capsules. To characterize the polymer-stabilized cadmium selenide quantum dots, the authors used fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering methods. The morphology of cadmium selenide/polymer nanoparticles characterized by the method of transmission electronic microscopy. The incorporation of quantum dots into a polymer matrix can significantly reduce their toxicity and prolong the duration of their fluorescence signals. Cadmium selenide nanoparticles stabilized by chitosan were used to synthesize five-layered polyelectrolyte capsules.

Published
2019
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