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This paper is aimed at testing the direct and indirect connections of social media use with substance use (smoking and drinking alcohol). It was hypothesized that one direct and two mediation mechanisms existed: the social comparison hypothesis (perception of financial deprivation) and hedonistic behaviour hypothesis. Both hypotheses were tested with a research sample of young people aged 15-30 in Croatia (N = 481) during 2020 as part of a European Social Fund project. The proposed models were analysed by means of structural equation modelling in order to test the research hypotheses. The results showed that social media use was neither directly connected to substance use (smoking and drinking) nor indirectly connected through financial deprivation, but was indirectly connected through the hedonistic use of leisure time mediation path. Financial deprivation was also directly connected to substance use, while gender was indirectly connected through the hedonistic use of leisure time. Based on the study results, the authors call for a more nuanced research of social media effects.

Even though vaccination has been regarded as historically one of the most successful public health interventions, vaccine hesitancy still remains an important health issue. In order to explore this issue, the authors conducted four asynchronous online focus groups with the total of 40 Croatian citizens. Drawing on iterative thematic analysis, three emerging overarching reasons of vaccine hesitancy were determined: risk perception (cost-benefit ratio), belief in natural immunity and institutional distrust. In addition, three possible cross-cutting topics emerged: communication with healthcare workers, influence of media, social media and the Internet, and COVID-19 pandemic. A widespread dissatisfaction with healthcare workers is tentatively explained by proposing the concept of ‘false autonomy’ of patients when making vaccination decisions. As for the COVID-19 context, the participants often cited their awareness of the profit-driven healthcare system in conjunction with the development of COVID-19 vaccines. The authors conclude by framing the study results into the wider social context of individualistic consumerism, postmodern health beliefs and the characteristics of Croatian healthcare system, as well by calling for more in-depth studies of vaccine hesitancy., Italian Sociological Review, V. 12 N. 2 (2022)

During the time of COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination attitudes have become one of the most important public health issues, while their determinants have also become a widely researched topic. The main goal of the paper is to explore the connection between religiosity, Internet use and vaccination attitudes, i.e. to determine possible interaction effect between Internet use and religiosity. In order to achieve the research goal, the authors compared the results from two surveys – one conducted on an online non-random sample of the Croatian general population (N = 822) in 2019 (before the pandemic) and the other conducted on a nationally representative online quota sample (N = 1.500) in 2022 (during the pandemic). The data were analyzed with hierarchical linear regressions, and the results showed that religiosity was a significant predictor of vaccine hesitancy both before and during the pandemic. Therefore, there seems to be a tension between science, as a secular ideology, and religion. The results also showed that before the pandemic Internet use was negatively correlated with vaccine hesitancy, probably indicating the positive correlation between the social integration and Internet use. The results from 2022 showed that there was an interactive impact of religiosity and Internet use, i.e. that the relationship between time spent on the Internet showed different signs among religious and non-religious persons. Namely, among the religious persons, those who spent more time on the Internet (one standard deviation above the average) had about one point higher vaccination conspiracy beliefs in comparison to the persons who spent less time on the Internet (one standard deviation below the average). Among the less religious persons the pattern was different – persons who spent more time on the Internet had one point lower result on the vaccination conspiracy scale. The results are framed within the general relations between religion and science/technology as partially competing worldviews, as well having in mind the theories of media effects and the social uses of media technologies.

Teorijski pristupi koji analiziraju medijske učinke mogu se podijeliti na one koji smatraju da je taj utjecaj stvaran, sveobuhvatan i jednosmjeran te one koji smatraju da je riječ o obrnutom kauzalnom učinku, odnosno da vrijednosti, obilježja i stavovi osoba utječu na način upotrebe medija. U ovom se radu navedeni pristupi testiraju na primjeru stavova o cijepljenju, teme koja je izbijanjem COVID-19 pandemije postala iznimno važno društveno i javnozdravstveno pitanje. U radu autori analiziraju podatke prikupljene u pilot istraživanju o stavovima o cijepljenju napravljenom prije početka COVID-19 pandemije na prigodnom online uzorku stanovnika Hrvatske (N = 822). Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su nepostojanje utjecaja televizije te ograničen i nejednolik utjecaj upotrebe interneta i internetskih društvenih mreža na stavove o cijepljenju, odnosno na konspiracijska uvjerenja u području cijepljenja. Nasuprot pretpostavljenoj pozitivnoj korelaciji vremena provedenog na internetu i konspiracijskih uvjerenja, rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je ova korelacija negativna, što vjerojatno održava utjecaj društvene integracije ili prevladavajuće pozitivne informacije koje se o cijepljenju mogu naći na internetu. Nadalje, dob se pokazala kao značajna moderatorska varijabla, s obzirom na to da je negativna korelacija vremena provedenog na internetu i konspiracijskih uvjerenja mnogo jača kod mlađih osoba, a moderatorski utjecaj vremena provedenog na društvenim mrežama suprotnog je smjera. Rezultati istraživanja stoga upućuju na potrebu da se bolje razumije način upotrebe starih i novih medija, njihove razlike te dobne razlike u upotrebi ili drugim pozadinskim varijablama koje mogu dovesti do nejednolikih utjecaja medija na različite društvene skupine.

Despite the scientific consensus on the effectiveness of vaccines in preventing infectious diseases, vaccine hesitancy is a growing global phenomenon. In the attempt to understand the phenomenon, two approaches derived from the public understanding of science studies are usually implemented. The first one highlights scientific or health literacy as a predictor of attitudes toward science and toward vaccines. The second approach highlights the range of sociocultural variables that can dampen or amplify the public acceptance of scientifically produced and proven knowledge. Following such an assumption, studies show that religiosity might act as a “filter” that can strengthen or weaken the relationship between adopted scientific knowledge and attitudes toward scientific facts when dealing with specific scientific topics. In other words, religion can act as a moderator of knowledge and vaccine hesitancy relationship. Thus, this paper will analyze religion’s role as a moderator of the relationship between knowledge, (positive) media information, and vaccine hesitancy by presenting results from online survey research. The data were conducted within a research project funded by the Croatian Science Foundation. All constructs were measured using previously validated scales, with vaccination attitudes measured by means of two independent scales. The results will be discussed in the context of the role of religion in contextualizing knowledge and public attitudes toward science.

Vaccine hesitancy is increasingly becoming an important public health issue in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In Croatia, COVID-19 vaccination currently receives unbalanced support from political parties within the political spectrum, while the support of the Catholic Church has not been unequivocal. Having in mind the interconnections between religiosity and political identification in Croatia, the main purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether religiosity and political identification are independently connected with vaccination attitudes, and to explore possible mediating mechanisms of these connections through scientific literacy and trust in the healthcare system. The survey research was conducted on a sample of students coming from Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia (N = 729). All constructs were measured using previously validated scales, with vaccination attitudes measured by means of two independent scales. The results show that only religiosity is independently connected with vaccination attitudes, whereas only the mediating mechanism through scientific literacy is important. The results are discussed within the context of the high overall religiosity of the region wherein the study was conducted and the current political support for vaccination in Croatia.

Cultural capital is a construct with widespread use in different fields of sociological inquiry. In recent times, cultural capital has been invoked in explanations of humour tastes and pref erences, with highbrow and lowbrow humour as the most common explanatory framework. In most cases, the research employed qualitative methods aimed at explaining the content and functions of the humour tastes. In this study, the authors aimed to test two intercon nected research questions: (1) whether there are cross- national differences in lowbrow and highbrow humour preferences, and (2) whether lowbrow and highbrow humour preferences can explain humour stereotyping between the selected ex-Yugoslav nations. The data were collected by means of a field survey, while the research sample consisted of 611 respondents/ undergraduate and graduate students from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia. With regard to the first research question, the results confirmed the existence of the cross- national differences in highbrow humour preference. When it comes to the second research question, highbrow humour preference was not related with the humour stereotyp ing. Additionally, it is determined that people with highbrow taste see humour as a way of adaptation and interpretation of the world, and do not value humour as such. In addition, the results confirm the need for the research of cross-national humour differences by employing cultural capital theoretical framework.

The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of skepticism in relation to vaccination in parents with young children, the impact of demographic variables on skepticism, as well as the frequency of negative sources of information and the strength of their association with skepticism towards vaccination. The results of the research show that it is necessary to distinguish between the frequency and the strength of influence of certain sources of negative vaccination information, that is, although very rarely present as sources of negative information, health professionals appear as a particularly powerful influence factor. Friends and family are moderately frequent and strong, the mass media very frequent and weak, and the Internet moderately frequent and weak source of negative information.

The aim of the research was to determine the influence of various media, social and institutional sources of information on attitudes about vaccination, i.e. on the belief in conspiracy theories in the field of vaccination. So far, some studies, especially in situations of vaccine confidence crises, showed that official sources of information (public media and the state institutions) and new sources of information, such as social media and the Internet, have different effects when it comes to vaccination attitudes. However, the topic is largely unexplored. The results of the research show that the Internet portals are emerging as a new factor in creating negative attitudes about vaccination, which calls for further research. The traditional sources of information (television, professional books and articles), although often used, do not have a one- way impact. Social institutions as sources of information create positive attitudes about vaccination, while the positive and strong influence of the family as a source of information on belief in vaccination conspiracy theories implies the possibility that negative information about vaccination is often exchanged within the family.

Unatoč znanstveno dokazanim prednostima cijepljenja kao javnozdravstvene intervencije, cijepljenje izaziva mnoge prijepore, a jedan dio građana odbija ga djelomično ili u cijelosti. Pandemija vezana uz COVID-19 ove je prijepore učinila još vidljivim, a pokušaj njihova istraživanja i rješavanja još važnijim. U izlaganju se predstavljaju i komparativno analiziraju rezultati fokus grupa s građanima (četiri fokus grupe) i liječnicima (tri fokus grupe) provedenih krajem 2020. godine. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 40 građana i 46 liječnika, a podatci su prikupljeni pomoću platforme za provođenje asinkronih online fokus grupa. Osnovni je cilj bio usporediti proces komunikacije o cijepljenju sa stajališta liječnika i pacijenata te utvrditi moguće strukturalne čimbenike zbog kojih dolazi do problema u komunikaciji i oklijevanja u odnosu na cijepljenje. Najvažniji rezultati fokus grupa s liječnicima pokazuju da liječnici imaju iskustvenu klasifikaciju pacijenata te da, pod pritiskom vremenskih ograničenja, „odustaju“ od pacijenata za koje pretpostavljaju da neće moći promijeniti njihovu prethodnu (negativnu) odluku o cijepljenju. Kada su građani u pitanju, najvažniji rezultati pokazuju da čimbenici oklijevanja i skepse mogu biti grupirani u tri kategorije: percipirani nepovoljni omjer rizika i koristi od cjepiva, čimbenici vezani za životni stil (alternativna medicina i percepcija važnosti prirodnog imuniteta) te nepovjerenje u liječnike i zdravstveni sustav koje se uglavnom vezuje uz lošu komunikaciju s liječnicima te neprihvatljivost komercijalizacije zdravlja (zarade od cjepiva). Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na moguće, kratkoročno ili dugoročno, dodatno gubljenje povjerenja u proces proizvodnje i distribucije cjepiva zbog sumnji u profitne motive, brzinu i sigurnost proizvodnje i upotrebe prvih COVID-19 cjepiva. Ovi se rezultati mogu protumačiti poželjnim ulogama liječnika i pacijenata koje su strukturirane širim društvenom kontekstom koji obilježava konzumerizam, individualizacija i pad povjerenja u društvene institucije, ali i specifičnim uvjerenjima vezanim za tradiciju hrvatskog zdravstvenog sustava, odnosno mali udio privatnih izdataka u ukupnim troškovima zdravstva. Naime, u uloge liječnika i pacijenata u kontekstu (obveznog) cijepljenja ugrađeni paradoksi koji dovode do nemogućnosti ispunjavanja uloge „dobrog liječnika“ i „dobrog pacijenta“, odnosno „lažne autonomije“ i jednih i drugih u procesu donošenja odluke o cijepljenju. Stoga rezultati istraživanja pokazuju potrebu za daljnjim istraživanjem ovih teško rješivih paradoksa.

As a follow-up of the previous research undertaken by Mark Elchardus and Jessy Siongers, in this paper the authors aimed to test two theories designed to explain the causes of ethnocentrism – deprivation theory and cultural theory. Given that cultural theory proposes that ethnocentrism is a type of cultural work that consists of boundary making arising from the existing social groupings, while deprivation theo-ry claims ethnocentrism to be only a reflection of one’s own social position, hypoth-eses related to connections between family background, type of schooling, cultural capital/cultural tastes and ethnocentrism were proposed. Robustness of the results was checked with liberalism as an alternative criterion variable. The hypotheses were tested using hierarchical regression analyses based on data obtained from a sample of 500 students from five secondary schools in Slavonia and Baranja. The measures used in the field survey conducted in schools comprised scales of ethnocentrism, liberalism, general cultural capital and media (television) cultural capital, as well as demographic information relevant for the hypotheses testing. The results tentative-ly confirmed cultural theory, while deprivation theory was rejected, thus implying usefulness of cultural approach to research on ethnocentrism and similar constructs

Rad se bavi sociološkom i kulturološkom analizom temeljnih obilježja konzumerističke kulture te antikonzumerističkim kritikama i pokretima koji ju pokušavaju osporiti, a osnovni mu je cilj utvrditi u kojoj mjeri antikonzumerističke kritike i pokreti predstavljaju stvarnu i ostvarivu alternativu konzumerizmu. U prvome se dijelu rada analiziraju različita značenja pojma konzumerizam te faze kroz koje je konzumerizam prošao u svojem dosadašnjem razvoju u razvijenim zapadnim zemljama, a koje vrhunac doživljavaju u današnjoj fazi hiperkonzumerističkog društva. U tomu se smislu konzumerizam definira kao ideologija čiji je neodvojivi dio identitetska funkcija potrošnje i koja sve ljudske i društvene odnose želi komodificirati i svesti na tržišnu razmjenu. Zatim se navode i objašnjavaju različite vrste kritika i diskursa koje nastoje uputiti na štetnost konzumerizma za društveno blagostanje i individualnu sreću i ispunjenje kao i nedostatci tih kritika i diskursa. Na kraju se rada upućuje na paradoksalno obilježje antikonzumerističkih diskursa i aktivnosti, odnosno na to da mnogi od njih potvrđuju temeljne postavke konzumerizma tragajući za autentičnom potrošnjom i romantizirajući sâm čin potrošnje. Temeljem toga može se reći da je antikonzumerizam u osnovi bezopasan za konzumerističku kulturu jer ne dovodi u pitanje njezine najvažnije postavke. Stoga se na kraju rada i zaključuje da danas svaki antikonzumerizam nužno postaje individualizirani konzumerizam. Pri tome autor upućuje i na to da ne treba precjenjivati identitetsku ulogu potrošnje te zanemariti druge i dalje važne izvore identiteta (klasne, rodne, rasne, etničke itd.), odnosno da se globalizirani kapitalizam ne oslanja isključivo na ulogu potrošnje i konzumerističke ideologije u pokušaju stvaranja kompatibilnosti između kulture i socijalne strukture.

Prema poznatoj tezi njemačkog sociologa Maxa Webera protestantska je etika, osobito u svojoj kalvinističkoj inačici, dovela do pojave duhovnog sklopa kompatibilnog razvoju modernog kapitalizma. Prema toj tezi, naglasak na Božju milost kao mehanizam spasenja doveo je do „unutar-svjetovnog asketizma“, duhovne vrijednosti rada te motivacije za štednju i reinvestiranje dobiti. Teorijski i empirijski osporavana već u vremenu svoga nastanka, točnost ove teze osobito je sporna u vremenu transformacije kapitalizma i njegove povezanosti s potrošačkom kulturom i hedonističkim vrijednostima, ali i sekularizacije zapadnog svijeta. U ovom se radu argumentira da se suvremena važnost Weberove teze očituje na nekoliko različitih načina. Prije svega, moguće je reći da se događa pomicanje ovako shvaćene protestantske etike u novije protestantske denominacije koje imaju važnu ulogu u izgradnju kapitalističke radne etike u gospodarski nerazvijenim ili polurazvijenim zemljama. Isto tako, protestantska je etika možda doživjela svoju unutarnju sekularizaciju i postala dio kulturološkog okružja u kojemu njezini religijski korijeni nisu tako vidljivi, a religijska motivacija više nije tako izražena. Kako bi se provjerila ideja o kulturološkoj difuziji protestantske etike, osim analize postojećih istraživanja, u ovom se radu prezentiraju i rezultati istraživanja provedenog na uzorku studentske populacije, kojim se nastojalo utvrditi dimenzionalnost skale protestantske etike i njezinu povezanost s konstruktom egalitarnog sindroma, odnosno antitržišnog mentaliteta.

Based on data from the European Value Study and the application of multilevel regression analysis, the paper attempts to determine the individual and group determinants of the system legitimacy and the perception of inequality and meritocracy. A total of nine different indi-cators were used as predictor and criterion variables in the analyses. The results show that the con-nection between satisfaction with the political system generally fits into the so-called social dominance theory, which holds that persons in higher social positions, in this study men and more educated persons, will more often have more positive attitudes towards the system. When it comes to the attitudes towards inequality, it was found that people of right-wing political orientation have more negative attitudes towards state measures to reduce inequality, and more religious people and people with lower education and women have more positive attitudes. The analysis also shows a moderate impact of the socialist value legacy, given that the elderly in the former socialist countries have more positive attitudes towards the obligation of society to ensure the provision of basic needs of all citizens.

Starting from the System Justification Theory, the aim of this paper is to explore levels of general system legitimation, inequality perception and meritocracy perception among Croatian citizens, as well as to determine whether there is a difference between social groups of lower and higher social standing in this regard. Survey research on a sample of the Croatian general population (N = 353) revealed that on balance the respondents do not perceive the Croatian social system as legitimate, equal and meritocratic. Regression analyses showed that retired persons express a substantially higher level of system legitimation and meritocracy perception when compared to employed persons, while higher religiosity was also a significant predictor in this regard. When it comes to the inequality perception, only female gender was a significant predictor. The results are discussed within the framework of the contemporary theories of meritocracy and system legitimation, as well as with reference to specific social and economic characteristics of the Croatian society, such as the Croatian War of Independence, transition to capitalism, welfare state development and labour market situation. Overall, the study results provide only a partial confirmation of the System Justification Theory.

Although religion in some form has always had to be mediated, the emergence of the Internet leads to new dynamics and possible changes in the field of religion. The Internet brings new communication opportunities through its non-hierarchical communication patterns, multimodality, interactivity and hypertextuality, as opposed to the hiearchical stance of the „old media“. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that the new media logic should bear important consequences on the contemporary religious changes. Based on the two case studies presented in the paper and theoretical considerations, the paper proposes an idea that the Internet indeed brings new possibilities for the religious change towards „the new religiosity“ (religious individualism, ecclecticism, etc.). However, it is also emphasized that new possibilities of control on the side of traditional religious authorities arise as well, i.e. that the changes that follow the mediatization of religion should not be overstated since there is a great overlap between offline and online religious worlds. It is also concluded that the topic of mediatization of religion should be an inherent part of the discussions over secularization and desecularization in the contemporary world.

Do novijeg se vremena migriranje shvaćalo kao svojevrsni „put u nepoznato“ do kojeg dolazi nakon kraćeg ili dužeg razmatranja alternative – otići ili ostati? Nakon što jednom dođe do odluke o migriranju, dolazi do određenog prekida sa zajednicom porijekla iako migrant dugo vremena, a možda i zauvijek, donekle zadržava obilježje transnacionalnosti i transkulturalnosti, bivajući smješten „između“ dvije zajednice. Kulturna i medijska globalizacija, a u novije vrijeme osobito pojava tzv. novih medija zasnovanih na internetu kao informacijsko-komunikacijskoj platformi, u velikoj mjeri mijenja ovakvu situaciju te smanjuje psihološku i socijalnu cijenu migriranja. U ovom se radu u anketnom istraživanju studentske populacije Sveučilišta u Osijeku (N=207) provjerava nekoliko istraživačkih pitanja vezanih za povezanost migracijskih namjera sa snagom online i F2F jakih i slabih veza, količinom i vrstom vremena provedenog na internetu i na internetskim društvenim mrežama, kao i obilježjima dimenzije imidža Hrvatske i stranih zemalja (potisni i privlačni faktori migracija).

Na Filozofskom fakultetu u Osijeku je 2019. godine osnovan Centar za internet i društvo koji, kao ustrojbena jedinica FFOS-a, okuplja članove koji u svom stručnom i znanstvenom djelovanju proučavaju i surađuju na projektima koji se na vrlo raznolike načine bave internetom, novim medijima, informacijsko-komunikacijskim tehnologijama i, općenito, digitalnim svijetom. Daniela Šincek, voditeljica Povjerenstva ovog Centra je predložila kao jednu od aktivnosti pokretanje elektroničkog časopisa „Humans and the Digital World“ te je na prvoj sjednici Povjerenstva odlučeno da se ova inicijativa i predstavi na 27. godišnjoj konferenciji hrvatskih psihologa „Psihologija i digitalni svijet“. Važnost časopisa koji bi se usmjerio na proučavanje odnosa čovjeka i digitalnog svijeta vidljiv je i kroz ovu konferenciju. Časopisom se želi potaći objavljivanje radova u elektronskom obliku i na engleskom jeziku, a kako bi se osigurala lakša dostupnost radova što široj publici. Dodatno, namjera nam je u urednički odbor uključiti i renomirane kolege iz Hrvatske i svijeta kako bi časopis dobio preduvjete za primjereno pozicioniranje u znanstvenoj i stručnoj zajednici. Također, urednička politika će promovirati objavljivanje znanstvenih radova s jasnim teorijskim podlogama i odgovarajućim nacrtima istraživanja i obrade podataka, a kako bi se postizali viši ciljevi znanosti poput objašnjavanja i predviđanja, pa i kontroliranja pojava u međuodnosu čovjeka i digitalnog svijeta. Namjera nam je obuhvatit područja društvenih znanosti, ali i tehničkih i medicinskih znanosti. Ovom prilikom članovi Povjerenstva Centra za internet i društvo žele predstaviti svoju inicijativu, ukratko upoznati prisutne i sa radom svojeg Centra, ali i pozvati kolege na suradnju u obliku prijavljivanja članaka za časopis kojem se nadamo tijekom 2020.g.

Despite the scientifi c consensus that vaccination against infec-tious diseases represents one of the most successful medial interventions in the entire human history, recent decades have seen renewed skepticism about vaccination and its effects. Among various reasons for the surge in skepticism, such as postmodern delegitimisation of science and objective knowledge and crisis of institutional trust, the advent of new media (the In-ternet) and social media are often selected as one of the important causes of the skepticism. The Internet and social media enable the spread of false information and create echo chambers wherein attitudes are strengthened in the interaction with like-minded individuals. By employing structural equation modelling the author attempts to compare the effects of the old (television) and new (social media and the Internet in general) media on vaccination conspiracy beliefs. The direct effects, as well as indirect effect (mediation through institutional and generalised trust) are compared against each other. The pilot study was based on a convenience sample of the general population of the Republic of Croatia, whereas the data were collected through the use of an online questionnaire

Contemporary globalization and migration trends point to the importance of the Internet and Internet social networking sites as possible facilitators of ever-increasing migration flows, both voluntary (labor and family) and forced ones. Theoretical considerations and the few studies that have been made so far suggest that Internet communication capabilities might reduce the social and psychological cost of migration decisions, enhance information acquisition and thus re-influence and boost migration flows. Given the current unfavorable migration flows from the Republic of Croatia, it is important to study the role of the Internet in their appearance and possible regulation. In addition to reviewing the current migration situation in the Republic of Croatia, this research examines hypotheses about the importance of the Internet and the face-to-face communication on migration phenomena at the micro and mezzo-level. Based on the data collected on an online sample of students at the University of Osijek, the author presents the data on the migration intentions of young people in Croatia, their current and future possible directions, examination of other determinants of migration intentions (the image of the country and the image of the preferred emigration country as push and pull migration factors) and their sociodemographic correlates (gender and study field). In conclusion, possible impact of the Internet and Internet social networking sites on the creation of transnational communities and possible return migration flows are laid out.

Rat je u političkoj diplomaciji moguće rješenje problema samo kada sva druga zakažu, a uvijek je određen negativnim konotacijama koje ukazuju na njegovu razaračku prirodu. Uništavanje ljudskih života, prirodnih dobra, naselja, ali i svih kulturoloških veza među zaraćenim stranama – učinci su rata koji se dugo i teško saniraju. Za vjernike su ratna stradanja iskušenje vjere imajući u vidu problem teodiceje, odnosno imperativ teološkog objašnjenja patnji i zla koji se u ratu događaju. Nadalje, potreba oprosta i pomirenja nakon počinjenog zla također su pitanja s kojima se vjernici nužno suočavaju. U radu se pokušava objasniti na koje su načine vjernici intuitivno tumačili ratna zbivanja tijekom Domovinskog rata u ovoj perspektivi, kakve je posljedice rat donio kada je u pitanju odnos prema vjeri te koja je uloga vjere u (re)konstrukciji društvene zbilje. U tom se smislu ponovno analiziraju i interpretiraju istraživački podatci prikupljeni anketnim istraživanja vjernika u razdoblju neposredno nakon Domovinskog rata.

This paper examines the similarities and differences of the cultural tourism development in Slavonija and Baranja (Croatia) and Vojvodina (Serbia). The two regions share similar cultural heritage, whereas now they are on similar paths of development directed towards postindustrial economy and creative industries. The aim of the study was to determine the strategies of cultural tourism in both regions, the extent to which the cultural tourism is integrated into the tourism offer of the regions, the type of culture, cultural heritage and cultural/civilizational identity that is promoted for tourism purposes, and to explore whether inauthentic/simulational or authentic tourism is being promoted. A mixed method content analysis was conducted on a sample of tourism websites (N=107) of two distinct tourist stakeholders in both regions, with the appropriate checks of research validity and reliability. The results show differences between the two regions with regard to the cultural tourism strategies, wherein Slavonia and Baranja opts for traditions/ethnic cultural tourism, while Vojvodina follows a more diversified strategy, both in cultural tourism and in tourism in general. Notwithstanding the fact that both regions emphasise their locality uniqueness to a same degree, Vojvodina is much more involved into projecting representations of authenticity and difference from everyday/mass/artifical that can be experienced when visiting Vojvodina. It seems that Slavonia and Baranja focus on tourists that seek peace and relaxation, with ensuing shallow cultural experiences (casual and incidental cultural tourists), while Vojvodina aims more for tourists who seek and/or find deeper and more elaborated cultural experiences (purposeful cultural tourists).The authors bring the paper to a close by delineating practical and theoretical importance of the study and prospects for the future research.

U ovom se radu analiziraju elementi katoličkog socijalnog nauka koji problematiziraju pitanje kulture rada, tržišnog kapitalizma i njegova moralnog smisla. Na ovaj se način želi utvrditi je li diskurs o katolicizmu kao doktrini koja nema elektivni afinitet u odnosu na tržišni kapitalizam utemeljen na racionalnim argumentima ili je ovaj diskurs rezultat ideološkog, ahistorijskog i površnog shvaćanja razlika između pojedinih religija i kršćanskih konfesija. U anketnom istraživanju provedenom na uzorku studenata Ekonomskog fakulteta u Osijeku (N=293) provjeravalo se ovo istraživačko pitanje, odnosno nastojalo se utvrditi u kojoj je mjeri (katolička) religioznost povezana s raznim aspektima odnosa prema radu i tzv. egalitarnim sindromom kao elementom antitržišnog mentaliteta. Istraživanje je potvrdilo da se ranije validirana skala protestantske etike sastoji od četiri neovisne dimenzije – vrijednosti teškog rada, vrijednosti slobodnog vremena, unutarnje motivacije za rad i asketizma, od kojih je samo prva (pozitivno) korelirana s religijskom samoidentifikacijom. S druge strane, niti jedna komponenta egalitarnog sindroma nije povezana s religioznošću pojedinca. Stoga se može reći da je povezanost katoličke religioznosti i odnosa prema radu tek djelomično ustanovljena, pri čemu u obzir treba uzeti i alternativne interpretacije dobivenih rezultata. Iz toga se može zaključiti da rezultati istraživanja ne potvrđuju diskurs o nepostojanju afiniteta između katolicizma i tržišnog kapitalizma, bar na individualnoj razini koja je mjerena ovim istraživanjem.

Prikaz knjige Calling the Shots: Why Parents Reject Vaccines (Jennifer A. Reich)

Religija predstavlja kompleksan društveni fenomen čije se kretanje ne može jednostavno objasniti ni predvidjeti. Nasuprot nekada dominantnoj teoriji sekularizacije, u posljednjih se nekoliko desetljeća javljaju pristupi i teorije koje osporavaju neumitni pad religioznosti i društvene važnosti religije. Neki od tih pristupa polaze od tržišnog modela religioznosti, a neki sâmu sekularnost zapadnih, posebice europskih, država proglašavaju anomalijom u svijetu u kojemu su religioznost i religija itekako prisutni. Javljaju se i pristupi koji polaze od tzv. višestrukih sekularnosti, u kojima sekularizacija gubi svoje uporište u teorijama modernizacije i pretvara se u diskurse i značenja koji definiraju što je to religijska, a što sekularna sfera. U ovome se radu nastoji pokazati da teorija modernizacije, ako se ne postavi previše deterministički i mehanicistički, i dalje zadržava svoju eksplanatornu vrijednost kada je u pitanju objašnjenje kretanje religije i religioznosti u suvremenom, globaliziranom svijetu. U tom se smislu sekularizacija postavlja tek kao jedna od mogućnosti, imajući u vidu identitetsku nesigurnost i kontradiktornosti ugrađene u temelje modernosti, kao i različita društveno-povijesna nasljeđa pojedinih zemalja.

The public has always had an ambivalent attitude towards science. Science has brought new knowledge and has made life easier, but the power of knowledge has always provoked doubts about ethics of scientific endeavours. Among other factors that might be attributed to contemporary postmodern society, various characteristics of media production lead to the communication errors and negative public attitudes towards science. However, the advent of the new media has exacerbated such issues within the relationship between science and the media, taking into account that non-selective information sources on the Internet destroy the role of "gate-keeping" residing in traditional mass media and journalists. Although at first sight such a process implies potential for information democratization, it also entails possibilities of presenting completely false and unfounded opinions, especially those concerning science. In this paper, the authors show a detailed analysis of the socio-cultural changes and media production characteristics that cause misunderstandings, but they also indicate useful principles that could lead to the more successful communication and social understanding of science. The role of scientists as communicators of science is indispensable in this respect, but there is also a need to abandon the traditional and idealized concepts of science as an isolated and self-sufficient human endeavor.

Dokumentarni film o FKG Visoko prati razvoj škole od njezinog osnutka 1882. do 2017. godine

Generalized trust, which arguably follows from civic participation, brings positive consequences with regard to the individual and social goal attainment. Since sociability, especially when it comes to the young people, is increasingly exercised on the Internet, the main goal of this research paper was to set side by side the impacts of online (SNS) and offline social participation on the generalized trust. Research questions are explored by means of a field survey conducted on a sample of research participants aged between 18 and 35 years. The results indicate that the membership in civic organizations is associated with higher levels of social trust, whereas the participation in Internet social networking sites (SNSs) does not show this association. The results also revealed that civic activity on SNSs is not independently associated with generalized trust. These results are interpreted by evoking structural and motivational characteristics of online and offline social networks. In addition to the main research questions elaboration, socio-demographic predictors of generalized trust are also discussed., Italian Sociological Review, Vol 6, No 2 (2016)

Knjiga se bavi pitanjem položaja religije u suvremenom svijetu, kao i pitanjem kretanja religioznosti u povezanosti s procesima modernizacije i globalizacije.

In this paper an attempt has been made to contextualize ecological dimension of the contemporary Catholic social teaching. With this aim in mind, the authors discuss the merits of several theories and approaches (political economy approaches, ecological modernization theory, environmental justice theory, and social constructionism) coming from environmental sociology and other disciplinary traditions in the social sciences. After an analysis of relevant historical documents of the Catholic social teaching with respect to the environmental issues covered by them, the authors discuss main lines of argument present in the recent (2015) encyclical Laudato Si' (Pope Francis) and interpret them in the aforementioned theoretical framework. In conclusion, the usefulness of the Catholic social teaching for the public dialog between science and other relevant stakeholders, as well as its main strengths and weaknesses have been discussed.

Obrazovne se nejednakosti mogu odrediti kao sve vrste zapreka, namjernih ili strukturnih, koje dovode do nejednakog pristupa određenim dijelovima obrazovnog sustava ili do različite uspješnosti unutar njega, a smanjenje obrazovnih nejednakosti može se smatrati poželjnim iz bar dvaju razloga: postizanja društvene pravednosti i povećavanja društvene učinkovitosti. U ovom se radu navode i objašnjavaju najvažnije teorije koje pokušavaju objasniti nastanak i održavanje obrazovnih nejednakosti (teorija kulturnog kapitala, teorija lingvističke deprivacije, teorija financijske deprivacije i teorija racionalnog izbora) te se analiziraju dosadašnja istraživanja o ovoj tematici u Hrvatskoj. Zaključuje se da, iako je postojanje značajnih obrazovnih nejednakosti u Hrvatskoj dobro potvrđeno u spomenutim istraživanjima, dubinsko istraživanje njezinih razloga i testiranje navedenih teorija još uvijek nedostaju.

Pojam socijalnog kapitala odnosi se na korisne učinke društvene povezanosti na ostvarivanje ciljeva, a jedno je od njegovih izvorišta građansko organiziranje, odnosno članstvo u organizacijama građanskog društva. Socijalni kapital osnažuje generalizirano povjerenje, ali i političku participaciju. S obzirom na to da se povezanost između ljudi sve više seli iz fizičkog u virtualni svijet, osnovni je cilj rada komparirati povezanost članstva u građanskim organizacijama te članstva u internetskim društvenim mrežama s političkim stavovima i političkom participacijom. Kako bi se testirale istraživačke hipoteze, provedeno je anketno terensko istraživanje na uzorku mladih između 18 i 35 godine (N=335). Istraživanje je donijelo mješovite rezultate, pri čemu niti online niti offline socijalni kapital nije izrazito povezan s političkom participacijom i stavovima, iako je u većem broju slučajeva online socijalni kapital jači prediktor. Stoga autori zaključuju da kod mlađih generacija internetsko udruživanje ima veći utjecaj na političku participaciju, kao i da je način sudjelovanja na internetskim društvenim mrežama važniji od pûkog sudjelovanja na njima.