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In Oltenia drought is becoming a major environmental constraint on crop production and one of the solicited characteristics in the present in these area is drought tolerance. With that end in view, this study aims to thoroughly experiment of investigated varieties in comparative crops in the specific pedological, climatic and technological conditions of Oltenia in order to point out the most stable and high performance genotypes. One of the earliest responses of plants to drought is the accumulation of active oxygen species such as superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygenes. Plants protect cell systems from the cytotoxic effects of these active radicals using enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbat peroxidase, glutathione reductuse, catalase and non-enzymatic antioxidants: glutathione, ascorbic acid end carotenoids. The current paper presents the changes of anti-oxidative indices in leaves of five varieties of wheat during development time. We observed significant differences between behaviors from different genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wheat is a crop with an extremely short period between harvest and next crop initiation. Therefore, concerning to the seed that will be used has to be taken a fast decision. Finally, the farmer has the responsibility for a good crop based on seeds with high quality (Nelson, 1997). The use of certified seed from recognized producers is the best option. The quality certificate gives you the guarantee that variety is what you wanted; the seed accomplish a minimum physical purity; there are not foreign seeds and in the field and laboratory existed checks before harvest and sale. In this experiment were used 25 samples from Romanian winter wheat lines tested during 2005-2007. Three samples by 10g were analyzed to determinate Fusarium attack, black point, pre-harvest sprouting and healthy seed percentage. At 10 wheat varieties with these symptoms, in three replications, at germinating laboratory of ITCSMS Dolj were also analyzed germination level and 1000 kernel weight. The attack recorded for Fusarium was among 4% (Dor) and 17.2% (Simnic30 variety). From this point of view, comparative with check variety Dropia, the following variants: Simnic30, Lovrin34, Gruia, Alex, Bezostaia, Rapid, Hambar and Izvor were inferior, statistically assured, while Dor variety was significantly superior. Attack level oscillated among 0.3% (Flamura84) and 18.5% (Junona). Check variety Dropia recorded a low attack by 2.3%. At the same incidence were: Romulus, Simnic30, Rapid, Alex, Glosa, Faur and Fundulea4 which nearby Flamura85 and Hambar also presented their superiority against the experiment average by 7%. The highest attack percentage was recorded for black point, with values among 19.7% (Holda) and 51.1% (Izvor). Check variety Dropia also recorded a high incidence of this disease 46.7%, most of the varieties being it superior from this point of view. With better results comparative with the average percentage (36.6%) were: Jiana, Briana, Alex, Gloria, Crina, Simnic30, Bezostaia and Holda. Regarding to germination, in generally, the grains with pre-harvest sprouting were very significant inferior against healthy grains indifferently by the variety. Another analyzed element was the weight of 1000 grains. The grains with Fusarium attack, at all samples, presented a very significant decrease of 1000 grains weight, while the pre-harvest sprouting grains had a very significant increase of 1000 grains weight caused by the water content. In generally, the main tested varieties presented a higher 1000 grains weight value at pre-harvest sprouting grains except: Fundulea4, Rapid and Dropia varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]