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The objective in this article is to analyze some aspects of the Brazilian agrarian question and to demonstrate it is still current and an important problem to be solved. It examines the historical events that prevented a more democratic agrarian and social formation in the country and how this problem was deliberately maintained by the elite of the country with the impediment of the accomplishment of the agrarian reform. Next, we analyze current elements that indicate the permanence of the agrarian question, especially the conflicts, violence and the policy of rural settlements. These analyzes support the substantiation of the central objective of the article. As a conclusion, we indicate that Brazil can still seize the opportunity for development that the solution of the agrarian question represents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implantation of eucalyptus monocultures for the production of cellulose and paper, seen by the elite as development, promoted impacts in the Espírito Santo/Brazil, mainly in the northern and central region of the state, in several dimensions. Among them, the concentration of land and production, the reduced generation of jobs, mainly in the field, the indiscriminate use of water and the blocks to land reform in the region. While were built territories of such large projects, the population, forest and other resources of nature underwent a process of exploitation, dispossession and extermination, turning a diversified Atlantic Forest in vast areas of pastures and eucalyptus monocultures plantations, which we called Green Desert. The progress of eucalyptus monoculture territorialization occurred simultaneously with the dispossession of the peasantry. The popular agrarian reform does not only counteract this monocultures project, but as a project of the peasants, is presented as one of the pillars for a new territory and a new society. Trough bibliographic research, result of Master's thesis, this paper presents and confronts divergent models of development and its implications for society as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]