Search

Optical fiber communications rely on multiplexing techniques that encode information onto various degrees of freedom of light to increase the transmission capacity of a fiber. However, the rising demand for larger data capacity is driving the need for a multiplexer for the spatial dimension of light. We introduce a mode-division multiplexer and demultiplexer design based on a metasurface cavity. This device performs, on a single surface, mode conversion and coupling to fibers without any additional optics. Converted modes have high fidelity due to the repeated interaction of light with the metasurface's phase profile that was optimized using an inverse design technique known as adjoint analysis. We experimentally demonstrate a compact and highly integrated metasurface-based mode multiplexer that takes three single-mode fiber inputs and converts them into the first three linearly polarized spatial modes of a few-mode fiber with fidelities of up to 72% in the C-band (1530-1565 nm).

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:49:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-17 This paper demonstrates a high-efficiency vertical grating coupler for the LP01x, LP11ax, and LP11bx modes of a graded-index few-mode fiber. The coupler is composed of a non-uniform straight bidirectional grating that was inverse-designed to address the desired fiber modes, combined with two mode-selective directional couplers and two tapers. The device was fabricated by e-beam lithography with a minimum feature size of 100 nm and presented coupling efficiencies of -3.0 dB, -3.6 dB, and -3.4 dB for the LP01x, LP11ax, and LP11bx modes, respectively. The high efficiency of the proposed CMOS-compatible coupler demonstrates its potential as a key device for high-capacity networks exploiting space division multiplexing on few-mode fibers. Photonics Research Center University of Campinas, SP School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas, SP Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute University of Campinas, SP Corning Research & Development Corporation One Science Drive Center for Advanced and Sustainable Technologies State University of São Paulo, SP,da Boa Vista

We present two CMOS-compatible couplers with record-high efficiency for bridging chips and fibers exploiting spatial division multiplexing. The maximum coupling efficiencies to a few-mode and a 7-core fibers were −3.0 dB and −4.3 dB, respectively.

A compact G e 11.5 A s 24 S e 64.5 chalcogenide microring resonator is fabricated with an intrinsic quality factor of 3.0 × 10 5 in the telecom band. By taking advantage of the strong nonlinearity and cavity enhancement, highly efficient wavelength conversion via four-wave mixing is demonstrated using a microring resonator. Conversion efficiency of − 33.7 d B is obtained by using an ultra-low pump power of 63.8 µW. This work shows that G e 11.5 A s 24 S e 64.5 chalcogenide microring devices are promising for quantum photonics.

We demonstrate ultra-low power wavelength conversion via four-wave mixing in a Ge11 . 5As24Se64 . 5 microring resonator with 20-µm radius. The results show conversion efficiency of -33.7 dB with only 63.8 µW pump power.

To meet the demand for ever-increasing data transfer rates in fiber optic communications, there is great interest in space-division multiplexing of light. Mode-division multiplexing, a subset of space-division multiplexing, increases the channel capacity of a system by spatial conversion and coupling of optical signals into the orthogonal modes of a multimode fiber channel. Current mode multiplexers, which rely on directional couplers, photonic lanterns, and free-space optics, can be challenging to fabricate, align, and scale to a large number of modes with low loss and crosstalk. As a result, more resources have to be spent on amplifiers and digital signal processing which increases the cost of the communications system. Metasurfaces offer a solution to this problem and have shown wide success in realizing various optics. Being lithographically patterned with subwavelength-scale dielectric structures, metasurfaces allow full control of the wavefront. We adopt a folded metasurface configuration by coating the dielectric structures with cladding and depositing metal on both sides of a glass substrate. Inside the substrate, light interacts with the metasurface multiple times to yield unprecedented abilities in shaping light. Based on this platform, we demonstrate a metasurface mode multiplexer design with low loss and crosstalk in the telecom. It directly aligns to an array of input fibers and an output fiber and converts each input mode into the orthogonal modes of the latter fiber. Short-distance and long-haul communication systems such as data centers and submarine links, respectively, can benefit from this mode multiplexer.

We demonstrate compact Ge11 . 5As24Se64 . 5 chalcogenide microring resonators with a radius of 20 µm and achieve a high intrinsic optical quality factor of 3.8×105 in telecom band, which corresponds to a low propagation loss around 1.4 dB/cm.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T17:20:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-08-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Compact fiber-to-chip couplers play an important role in optical interconnections, especially in data centers. However, the development of couplers has been mostly limited to standard single-mode fibers, with few devices compatible with multicore and multimode fibers. Through the use of state-of-the-art optimization algorithms, we designed a compact dual-polarization coupler to interface chips and dense multicore fibers, demonstrating, for the first time, coupling to both polarizations of all the cores, with measured coupling efficiency of -4.3 dB and with a 3 dB bandwidth of 48 nm. The dual-polarization coupler has a footprint of 200 mu m(2) per core, which makes it the smallest fiber-to-chip coupler experimentally demonstrated on a standard silicon-on-insulator platform. (C) 2021 Optical Society of America Univ Estadual Campinas, Photon Res Ctr, BR-13083859 Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, BR-13083852 Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, Gleb Wataghin Phys Inst, BR-13083859 Campinas, SP, Brazil Corning Res & Dev Corp, One Sci Dr, Coming, NY 14830 USA State Univ Sao Paulo, Campus Sao Joao da Boa Vista, BR-13876750 Sao Joao Da Boa Vista, SP, Brazil State Univ Sao Paulo, Campus Sao Joao da Boa Vista, BR-13876750 Sao Joao Da Boa Vista, SP, Brazil CAPES: 88881.311020/2018 FAPESP: 2013/20180-3 FAPESP: 2015/24517-8 FAPESP: 2016/19270-6 FAPESP: 2018/253394 CNPq: 02036/2018-0 CNPq: 311035/2018-3 CNPq: 432303/2018-9

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:54:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-06-18 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) We report on time-resolved pump and probe characterization of linear and nonlinear optical generation of free carriers in a silicon strip nano-waveguide at the 1550 nm communication band. Analytical expressions were developed to extract the carrier density averaged along the waveguide length from the measured free-carrier absorption for different input pump power levels. This allows us to discriminate the contributions from two-photon absorption (TPA) and single-photon absorption (SPA), obtaining TPA and SPA coefficients of (1.5 ± 0.1) cm/GW and (1.9 ± 0.1) m-1, respectively. Our results reveal that the effective TPA within the waveguide is higher than the value reported for bulk silicon. In addition, we find that for the waveguide under test, the carrier generation via SPA plays an important role up to ∼300 mW, and therefore, it must be taken into account to correctly assess free-carrier effects in silicon photonic devices. Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute University of Campinas School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas Campus São João da Boa Vista State University of São Paulo (UNESP) MackGraphe Mackenzie Presbyterian University Campus São João da Boa Vista State University of São Paulo (UNESP) FAPESP: 2008/57857 FAPESP: 2012/50259-8 FAPESP: 2013/20180-3 FAPESP: 2015/04113-0 CNPq: 574017/2008-9

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:51:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-02-05 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Photonic antennas are critical in applications such as spectroscopy, photovoltaics, optical communications, holography, and sensors. In most of those applications, metallic antennas have been employed due to their reduced sizes. Nevertheless, compact metallic antennas su er from high dissipative loss, wavelength-dependent radiation pattern, and they are di cult to integrate with CMOS technology. All-dielectric antennas have been proposed to overcome those disadvantages because, in contrast to metallic ones, they are CMOS-compatible, easier to integrate with typical silicon waveguides, and they generally present a broader wavelength range of operation. These advantages are achieved, however, at the expense of larger footprints that prevent dense integration and their use in massive phased arrays. In order to overcome this drawback, we employ topological optimization to design an all-dielectric compact antenna with vertical emission over a broad wavelength range. The fabricated device has a footprint of 1.78 µm × 1.78 µm and shows a shift in the direction of its main radiation lobe of only 4° over wavelengths ranging from 1470 nm to 1550 nm and a coupling e ciency bandwidth broader than 150 nm. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campus São João da Boa Vista State University of São Paulo (UNESP) Campus São João da Boa Vista State University of São Paulo (UNESP) FAPESP: 2008/57857-2 FAPESP: 2013/20180-3 FAPESP: 2015/04113-0 FAPESP: 2015/24517-8 FAPESP: 2016/19270-6 CNPq: 312110/2016-2 CNPq: 446746/2014-2 CNPq: 465757/2014-6 CNPq: 574017/2008-9

We review recent results on free-carrier dynamics in silicon nano-waveguides. Linear and nonlinear generation rates are accurately characterized, while the recombination dynamics is observed to be dominated by a trap-assisted mechanism.

We present a modified w avelength-resolved S 2 m ethod t hat a llows r ecovery of highly-dispersive modes. We employed this method using a variable window spectrogram to characterize a hollow core photonic crystal fiber where several surface-modes are recovered.

We analyze recombination dynamics of photo-generated free-carriers in strip silicon nanowaveguides, revealing a highly nonlinear decay dynamics with a time-dependent lifetime ranging from ∼800 ps at the beginning to ∼300 ns at the end of the decay.

We characterize the generation of free-carriers in a silicon strip nano-waveguide at 1550 nm performing pump-and-probe measurements. Compared with bulk silicon, we identified a higher effective two-photon absorption coefficient and a significant carrier-generation via single-photon absorption.

Nonlinear carrier recombination dynamics is characterized in a 450 nm × 220 nm silicon nanowire by employing a time-resolved pump-and-probe experiment. Our results show that the recombination rate is faster at the early stages of the decay as compared to the final stages, in agreement with trap-assisted mechanism. We have also demonstrated that by operating at high carrier density, faster excess carrier generation and recombination can be obtained, which we have used to improve the speed of an all-optical FCA based silicon switch from about 7 to 1 ns.

The understanding of free-carrier dynamics in silicon photonic nano-waveguides and micro-cavities is fundamental to several nonlinear optical phenomena. Through time-resolved pump and probe experiments, a complex and nonlinear carrier recombination dynamics is revealed. Our results show that the carrier lifetime varies as the recombination evolves, with faster decay rates at the initial stages (with lifetime of ∼800 ps) and much slower lifetimes at later stages (up to ∼300 ns). The large surface-to-volume ratio in nano-waveguides enables clear observation of the effect of carrier trapping, manifesting as a decay curve that is highly dependent on the initial carrier density. Further, we demonstrate faster recombination rates by operating at high carrier density. Our results, along with a theoretical framework based on trap-assisted recombination statistics applied to nano-waveguides, can impact the dynamics of several nonlinear nanophotonic devices in which free carriers play a critical role, and open further opportunities to enhance the performance of all-optical silicon-based devices.

Free-carriers (FC) profoundly impact the performance of silicon nanophotonic devices including amplifiers, modulators, and ring microcavities [1]. Optimizing such devices relies on a good understanding of FC dynamics and how it depends on the FC density (N). This is particularly true in Si nanowaveguides, where surface recombination is important [2] and leads to an N-dependent lifetime [3]. Large density of surface-states enhances the N-dependence as compared to bulk, where recombination is impurity or defect dominated (as described by the Shockley-Read-Hall theory) while for very high N values, Auger process enters the picture [4]. The effect of carrier density on the recombination lifetime has been studied in silicon rib-waveguides [5], where surface effects are reduced somewhat relative to the case of nanowires considered in this paper, since carriers cannot diffuse away from the core region as in the rib. We used a pump-and-probe technique to investigate the recombination rate, and observe carrier lifetimes ranging over almost one order of magnitude for the range of N explored.

The fields of cavity optomechanics and Brillouin scattering, linked by common underlying physical mechanisms, involve the interaction of light waves with mechanical vibrations at the micro- and nanoscale. Exciting fundamental research in both classical and quantum regimes as well as opportunities for applications in microwave photonics, frequency conversion, narrow-linewidth lasers, optomechanical sensors, electro-optic transducers, coherent light storage, and Brillouin spectroscopy have stimulated significant interest in the last decade. This special issue brings contributions to fundamental aspects regarding the Brillouin interaction such as novel waveguide structures, novel guiding mechanisms, the interplay between Brillouin and other nonlinear phenomena, and applications in sensing and light storage, as well as an introductory tutorial to the research field. Here, we provide a brief introduction to the topics covered in the issue.

The interaction between light and acoustic phonons is strongly modified in sub-wavelength confinement, and has led to the demonstration and control of Brillouin scattering in photonic structures such as nano-scale optical waveguides and cavities. Besides the small optical mode volume, two physical mechanisms come into play simultaneously: a volume effect caused by the strain-induced refractive index perturbation (known as photo-elasticity), and a surface effect caused by the shift of the optical boundaries due to mechanical vibrations. As a result, proper material and structure engineering allows one to control each contribution individually. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the perfect cancellation of Brillouin scattering arising from Rayleigh acoustic waves by engineering a silica nanowire with exactly opposing photo-elastic and moving-boundary effects. This demonstration provides clear experimental evidence that the interplay between the two mechanisms is a promising tool to precisely control the photon–phonon interaction, enhancing or suppressing it., The interaction between light and acoustic phonons is radically modified in sub-wavelength photonic structures. Here, the authors engineer the optical and acoustic modes to perfectly cancel the two interaction mechanisms—the photo-elastic and moving-boundary effects—which leads to Brillouin self-cancellation.

We experimentally demonstrate the cancellation of Brillouin scattering by engineering a sub-wavelength diameter silica wire with exactly opposite photo-elastic and moving-boundary contributions.

We have characterized the high-order mode content in a 7-cell hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber using an interferometric technique, obtaining beating amplitude of −13.3 dB for center launch and −5.1 dB for 8 µm offset.

The Brillouin scattering self-cancellation effect arising from the interplay between the photo-elastic and moving-boundary effects is reviewed. Our recent demonstration of this effect for the fundamental Rayleigh acoustic mode in silica nanowires is also discussed.

Time-domain interferometry is used to simultaneously characterize nonlinear and self-heating phase-shifts in silicon waveguides under long-pulse optical pumping. Applied to a strip waveguide, the method enabled measurements of both stationary phase-shifts and thermal time constant.

We demonstrate an ultra-compact silicon on insulator antenna with 3.2μm2 footprint and broadside radiation from 1470nm to 1550nm for applications in fiber-to-chip coupling and phased arrays.

We propose a method to simultaneously measure the two-photon absorption (TPA) coefficient and free-carrier lifetime in silicon waveguides using long pulses, revealing a 1.44-ns lifetime and a 0.77-cm/GW TPA coefficient for a fully-etched waveguide.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T15:27:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-12-10 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Surface or edge states represent an important class of modes in various photonic crystal systems such as in dielectric topological insulators and in photonic crystal fibers. In the later, strong attenuation peaks in the transmission spectrum are attributed to coupling between surface and core-guided modes. Here, we explore a modified implementation of the spatial and spectral interference method to experimentally characterize surface modes in photonic crystal fibers. Using an external reference and a non-uniform Fourier transform windowing, the obtained spectrogram allows clear observation of anti-crossing behavior at wavelengths in which surface and core modes are strongly coupled. We also detect surface modes with different spatial symmetries, and give insight into mode families couple to the fundamental or high-order core modes, as well as the existence of uncoupled surface modes. Institute of Physics “Gleb Wataghin University of Campinas (UNICAMP) National Center for High Performance Computing in São Paulo (CENAPAD-SP) Campus São João da Boa Vista State University of São Paulo (UNESP) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campus São João da Boa Vista State University of São Paulo (UNESP) FAPESP: 08/57857-2 FAPESP: 2013/20180-3 FAPESP: 2015/04113-0

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T15:47:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-03-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) We propose a fast and non-destructive method to characterize the absolute diameter and uniformity of micrometer-scale fiber tapers using a pump and probe forward Brillouin scattering setup. The fundamental torsional-radial acoustic mode supported by the wire is excited using a pulsed pump laser and oscillates at a frequency that is inversely proportional to the taper waist diameter. This standing time-varying torsional-radial wave induces polarization modulation on a probe signal, whose spectrum structure reveals the sample diameter and its non-uniformity. By comparing our results with measurements using scanning-electron microscopy, a relative deviation of 1% or less was demonstrated, and diameter non-uniformity of less than 0.5% could be detected. (C) 2018 Optical Society of America Univ Estadual Campinas, Gleb Wataghin Phys Inst, BR-13083859 Campinas, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Campus Sao Joao Da Boa Vista, BR-13876750 Sao Joao Da Boa Vista, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Campus Sao Joao Da Boa Vista, BR-13876750 Sao Joao Da Boa Vista, Brazil CNPq: 574017/2008-9 FAPESP: 08/57857-2 FAPESP: 2013/20180-3

Wavelength-scale periodic microstructuring dramatically alters the optical properties of materials. An example is glass photonic crystal fibre1 (PCF), which guides light by means of a lattice of hollow micro/nanochannels running axially along its length. In this letter, we explore stimulated Brillouin scattering in PCFs with subwavelength-scale solid silica glass cores. The large refractive-index difference between air and glass allows much tighter confinement of light than is possible in all-solid single-mode glass optical fibres made using conventional techniques. When the silica-air PCF has a core diameter of around 70% of the vacuum wavelength of the launched laser light, we find that the spontaneous Brillouin signal develops a highly unusual multi-peaked spectrum with Stokes frequency shifts in the 10-GHz range. We attribute these peaks to several families of guided acoustic modes each with different proportions of longitudinal and shear strain, strongly localized to the core2,3. At the same time, the threshold power for stimulated Brillouin scattering4 increases fivefold. The results show that Brillouin scattering is strongly affected by nanoscale microstructuring, opening new opportunities for controlling light—sound interactions in optical fibres.

We analyze the performance of two-pump fiber optical parametric amplifiers (2P-FOPA) as preamplifiers for wavelength division multiplexing transmission systems. We simulate the propagation of 10 Gb/s × 64 channels over 120 km of non-zero dispersion shifted fiber and amplify them by a 2P-FOPA before detection. We demonstrate that a careful design of the FOPA parameters leads to high system performance, comparable than those obtained with erbium and Raman amplifiers. For signal powers of −32.5 dBm at the FOPA input we observe clear eye openings for all the amplified signal lasers, with an average gain of 22 dB and low ripple (6 dB) over 25 nm bandwidth. We study the influence of fluctuations of the zero dispersion wavelength of the FOPA fiber. These fluctuations in realistic fibers tend to reduce the average gain and degrade the noise figure and spectral gain ripple.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:50:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-11-27 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Phased arrays are expected to play a critical role in visible and infrared wireless systems. Their improved performance compared to single element antennas finds uses in communications, imaging, and sensing. However, fabrication of photonic antennas and their feeding network require long element separation, leading to the appearance of secondary radiation lobes and, consequently, crosstalk and interference. In this work, we experimentally show that by arranging the elements according to the Fermat’s spiral, the side lobe level (SLL) can be reduced. This reduction is proved in a CMOS-compatible 8-element array, revealing a SLL decrement of 0.9 dB. Arrays with larger numbers of elements and inter-element spacing are demonstrated through a spatial light modulator (SLM) and an SLL drop of 6.9 dB is measured for a 64-element array. The reduced SLL, consequently, makes the proposed approach a promising candidate for applications in which antenna gain, power loss, or information security are key requirements. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Institute of Physics “Gleb Wataghin University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campus São João da Boa Vista State University of São Paulo (UNESP) Campus São João da Boa Vista State University of São Paulo (UNESP) CNPq: 446746/2014-2 CNPq: 574017/2008-9 FAPESP: 08/57857-2 FAPESP: 2013/20180-3 FAPESP: 2015/04113-0

We report the observation of Brillouin scattering arising from Rayleigh acoustic waves in silica microwires with diameter from 0.8-2 microns. The frequency shift behavior is qualitatively explained by the dispersion relation of the fundamental acoustic modes.

This chapter first reviews the current use of multimode fibers with short-wavelength VCSELS for short-distance applications. Standards are in place for 100 Gb/s applications based on 10 Gb/s optics and are being developed for ∼25 Gb/s optics. Light propagation in multimode fibers is briefly discussed to explain the DMD measurement and the metrics developed to qualify OM3 and OM4 fiber, including calculated effective modal bandwidth (EMBc). Bend-insensitive multimode fiber is presented, explaining how the new fiber achieves high bandwidth with low bend loss. New fibers for short-distance consumer applications and home networking are discussed. Finally, fibers designed for high-performance computing (HPC) are reviewed, including multicore fibers for optical interconnects.

We demonstrate, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, a highly efficient continuous-wave two-pump fiber optical parametric amplifier. We used a total pump power of /spl sim/280mW in a 14-km-long fiber and obtained 88% power transfer from pumps to signal and idler over 25-nm bandwidth centered at 1568 nm.

We present a statistical analysis of MPI in bend-insensitive fibers and show that MPI penalty is minimized for a cable cutoff distribution centered at 1200 nm with the maximum value less than 1260 nm.

Escalating bandwidth requirements (video, data, and voice) for residential customers has justified the fiber penetration into buildings and living units. To achieve efficient installations of fiber cables, many challenges in existing optical fiber design must be overcome. Macro-bend loss was identified as a major barrier for fiber deployment in such small, dense and tight scenarios, in which copper was typically the choice. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the requirements for macro-bend performance, and the results of field trails using revolutionary fiber technology.

We present a method to determine the fiber chromatic dispersion curve that optimizes the gain bandwidth and ripple of fiber optical parametric amplifiers. We found that controlling high order dispersion terms a great enhancement of the gain spectrum is achieved. We provide a simulation example of a photonic crystal fiber, designed to control up to the sixth order dispersion parameter that gives 33 dB of gain from 1440 nm to 1600 nm, within 0.2 dB of gain variation.

We have numerically shown that a two-pump fiber optical parametric amplifier can be used as a preamplifier in dense wavelength division multiplexing transmission. We observe sensitivities of -33.5 dBm (-36.5 dBm if we discount 3 dB coupler) comparable to erbium amplifiers, very low ripple and no transient response when operated in the unsaturated regime. Experimental studies on the performance of 2P-FOPAs are necessary to confirm the simulation results presented.

Structures are observed in the noise spectrum propagated in dispersion-shifted fibers in the presence of two lasers. FWM interactions provide gain or increased loss at particular wavelengths that permits identification of the various fiber zero-dispersion wavelengths.

We analyzed the dependence of fiber optical parametric amplifiers gain as a function on the relative phase of the three input waves: pump, signal and idler. Signal amplification is strongly phase dependent for small (

We propose a novel fiber design optimized for short-reach interconnects in consumer applications. A detailed analysis of the optical and mechanical properties of this fiber design is presented. Results are presented demonstrating (i) low bend loss and enhanced mechanical reliability in bends as small as 3 mm diameter; (ii) high power budget margin to enable relaxed mechanical tolerances on transmitter, receiver, and expanded-beam connectors for low-cost connectivity; and (iii) high bandwidth capability and system testing results at 10 Gb/s.

We present the construction of photonic crystal in-fiber devices. The presented devices include modulators and spectral filters. The manufacturing process related to the fabrication of these devices includes two building stones. The first one is the insertion of microwires into one of the capillaries of the photonic crystal fiber and the second one is the twisting of the fibers while drawing. Combining both technologies may yield the realization of an in-fiber solenoid that could be used for generation of in-fiber magnetic fields. We present the fabrication of the suggested devices as well as their experimental characterization.