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1. The role of automatic pollen and fungal spore monitoring across major end-user domains

Author

Tummon, Fiona, Adams-Groom, Beverley, Antunes, Célia M., Bruffaerts, Nicolas, Buters, Jeroen, Cariñanos, Paloma, Celenk, Sevcan, Choël, Marie, Clot, Bernard, Cristofori, Antonella, Crouzy, Benoît, Damialis, Athanasios, Fernández, Alberto Rodríguez, González, Délia Fernández, Galán, Carmen, Gedda, Björn, Gehrig, Regula, Gonzalez-Alonso, Monica, Gottardini, Elena, Gros-Daillon, Jules, Hajkova, Lenka, O’Connor, David, Östensson, Pia, Oteros, Jose, Pauling, Andreas, Pérez-Badia, Rosa, Rodinkova, Victoria, Rodríguez-Rajo, F. Javier, Ribeiro, Helena, Sauliene, Ingrida, Sikoparija, Branko, Skjøth, Carsten Ambelas, Spanu, Antonio, Sofiev, Mikhail, Sozinova, Olga, Srnec, Lidija, Visez, Nicolas, and de Weger, Letty A.

Published
2024
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5. Biogeographical estimates of allergenic pollen transport over regional scales: Common ragweed and Szeged, Hungary as a test case

Author

Makra, László, Matyasovszky, István, Tusnády, Gábor, Wang, Yaqiang, Csépe, Zoltán, Bozóki, Zoltán, Nyúl, László G., Erostyák, János, Bodnár, Károly, Sümeghy, Zoltán, Vogel, Heike, Pauling, Andreas, Páldy, Anna, Magyar, Donát, Mányoki, Gergely, Bergmann, Karl-Christian, Bonini, Maira, Šikoparija, Branko, Radišić, Predrag, Gehrig, Regula, Seliger, Andreja Kofol, Stjepanović, Barbara, Rodinkova, Victoria, Prikhodko, Alexander, Maleeva, Anna, Severova, Elena, Ščevková, Jana, Ianovici, Nicoleta, Peternel, Renata, and Thibaudon, Michel

Published
2016
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7. Monitoring, Modelling and Forecasting of the Pollen Season

Author

Scheifinger, Helfried, Belmonte, Jordina, Buters, Jeroen, Celenk, Sevcan, Damialis, Athanasios, Dechamp, Chantal, García-Mozo, Herminia, Gehrig, Regula, Grewling, Lukasz, Halley, John M., Hogda, Kjell-Arild, Jäger, Siegfried, Karatzas, Kostas, Karlsen, Stein-Rune, Koch, Elisabeth, Pauling, Andreas, Peel, Roz, Sikoparija, Branko, Smith, Matt, Galán-Soldevilla, Carmen, Thibaudon, Michel, Vokou, Despina, de Weger, Letty A., Sofiev, Mikhail, editor, and Bergmann, Karl-Christian, editor

Published
2013
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9. Climate variability — observations, reconstructions, and model simulations for the Atlantic-European and Alpine region from 1500–2100 AD

Author

Raible, Christoph C., Casty, Carlo, Luterbacher, Jürg, Pauling, Andreas, Esper, Jan, Frank, David C., Büntgen, Ulf, Roesch, Andreas C., Tschuck, Peter, Wild, Martin, Vidale, Pier-Luigi, Schär, Christoph, Wanner, Heinz, Wanner, Heinz, editor, Grosjean, Martin, editor, Röthlisberger, Regine, editor, and Xoplaki, Elena, editor

Published
2006
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15. Erratum

Author

Scheifinger, Helfried, Belmonte, Jordina, Buters, Jeroen, Celenk, Sevcan, Damialis, Athanasios, Dechamp, Chantal, García-Mozo, Herminia, Gehrig, Regula, Grewling, Lukasz, Halley, John M., Hogda, Kjell-Arild, Jäger, Siegfried, Karatzas, Kostas, Karlsen, Stein-Rune, Koch, Elisabeth, Pauling, Andreas, Peel, Roz, Sikoparija, Branko, Smith, Matt, Galán-Soldevilla, Carmen, Thibaudon, Michel, Vokou, Despina, de Weger, Letty A., Sofiev, Mikhail, editor, and Bergmann, Karl-Christian, editor

Published
2013
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16. Erratum

Author

Scheifinger, Helfried, primary, Belmonte, Jordina, additional, Buters, Jeroen, additional, Celenk, Sevcan, additional, Damialis, Athanasios, additional, Dechamp, Chantal, additional, García-Mozo, Herminia, additional, Gehrig, Regula, additional, Grewling, Lukasz, additional, Halley, John M., additional, Hogda, Kjell-Arild, additional, Jäger, Siegfried, additional, Karatzas, Kostas, additional, Karlsen, Stein-Rune, additional, Koch, Elisabeth, additional, Pauling, Andreas, additional, Peel, Roz, additional, Sikoparija, Branko, additional, Smith, Matt, additional, Galán-Soldevilla, Carmen, additional, Thibaudon, Michel, additional, Vokou, Despina, additional, and de Weger, Letty A., additional

Published
2012
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18. Monitoring, Modelling and Forecasting of the Pollen Season

Author

Scheifinger, Helfried, primary, Belmonte, Jordina, additional, Buters, Jeroen, additional, Celenk, Sevcan, additional, Damialis, Athanasios, additional, Dechamp, Chantal, additional, García-Mozo, Herminia, additional, Gehrig, Regula, additional, Grewling, Lukasz, additional, Halley, John M., additional, Hogda, Kjell-Arild, additional, Jäger, Siegfried, additional, Karatzas, Kostas, additional, Karlsen, Stein-Rune, additional, Koch, Elisabeth, additional, Pauling, Andreas, additional, Peel, Roz, additional, Sikoparija, Branko, additional, Smith, Matt, additional, Galán-Soldevilla, Carmen, additional, Thibaudon, Michel, additional, Vokou, Despina, additional, and de Weger, Letty A., additional

Published
2012
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19. Chapter 1 Mediterranean climate variability over the last centuries: A review

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, primary, Xoplaki, Elena, additional, Casty, Carlo, additional, Wanner, Heinz, additional, Pauling, Andreas, additional, Küttel, Marcel, additional, Rutishauser, This, additional, Brönnimann, Stefan, additional, Fischer, Erich, additional, Fleitmann, Dominik, additional, Gonzalez-Rouco, Fidel J., additional, García-Herrera, Ricardo, additional, Barriendos, Mariano, additional, Rodrigo, Fernando, additional, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, additional, Saz, Miguel Angel, additional, Gimeno, Luis, additional, Ribera, Pedro, additional, Brunet, Manola, additional, Paeth, Heiko, additional, Rimbu, Norel, additional, Felis, Thomas, additional, Jacobeit, Jucundus, additional, Dünkeloh, Armin, additional, Zorita, Eduardo, additional, Guiot, Joel, additional, Türkes, Murat, additional, Alcoforado, Maria Joao, additional, Trigo, Ricardo, additional, Wheeler, Dennis, additional, Tett, Simon, additional, Mann, Michael E., additional, Touchan, Ramzi, additional, Shindell, Drew T., additional, Silenzi, Sergio, additional, Montagna, Paolo, additional, Camuffo, Dario, additional, Mariotti, Annarita, additional, Nanni, Teresa, additional, Brunetti, Michele, additional, Maugeri, Maurizio, additional, Zerefos, Christos, additional, Zolt, Simona De, additional, Lionello, Piero, additional, Nunes, M. Fatima, additional, Rath, Volker, additional, Beltrami, Hugo, additional, Garnier, Emmanuel, additional, and Ladurie, Emmanuel Ley Roy, additional

Published
2006
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20. High temporal resolution of airborne Ambrosia pollen measurements above the source reveals emission characteristics

Author

Šikoparija Branko, Mimić Gordan, Panić Marko, Marko Oskar, Radišić Predrag, Pejak-Šikoparija Tatjana, and Pauling Andreas

Subjects
Pollen emission, Meteorological conditions, Turbulent kinetic energy, Aerobiology, Ragweed measurements
Abstract

The aim of this study was to setup afield experimentthat will collect suitable data for parameterizing the release ofAmbrosiapollen. The study took place on the Pannonian plain during three flowering seasons: 2014, 2015 and 2016. The sampling of airborne pollen was performed using volumetricsporetraps at 0.5 m and 5 m above the canopy level of a strong homogenousAmbrosia artemisiifoliaL. field (10 m × 10 m) in threetemporal resolutions: 1 h, 7.5 min and 1.07 min. This high temporal resolution revealed characteristics that were hitherto unknown. Pollen production per day was estimated to range from 6.38 billion to 770 billion pollen grains for the whole experimental field. Measurements ofmeteorological parametersincluded: temperature,relative humidity, solar radiation, precipitation, wind speed andwind direction. Weak correlations between pollen concentration and meteorological parameters were obtained, indicating nonlinear relationships among them. The distribution of pollen concentration with respect to meteorological parameters showed that high pollen concentrations coincide with temperature in the interval 20–24 °C, and that relative humidity of around 95% can delay or even switch off the emission, while the turbulentkinetic energyof a wind less than 0.1 m2 s−2is sufficient for lifting the pollen into the air. The test of the new model forAmbrosiapollen emission processes showed a strong correlation between measured and modeled data when the estimated emission capacity for the field was in the range of 45–75 billion pollen grains per day.

Published
2018

24. Climate variability — observations, reconstructions, and model simulations for the Atlantic-European and Alpine region from 1500–2100 AD

Author

Raible, Christoph C., primary, Casty, Carlo, additional, Luterbacher, Jürg, additional, Pauling, Andreas, additional, Esper, Jan, additional, Frank, David C., additional, Büntgen, Ulf, additional, Roesch, Andreas C., additional, Tschuck, Peter, additional, Wild, Martin, additional, Vidale, Pier-Luigi, additional, Schär, Christoph, additional, and Wanner, Heinz, additional

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28. Climate Variability-Observations, Reconstructions, and Model Simulations for the Atlantic-European and Alpine Region from 1500-2100 AD

Author

Raible, Christoph C., primary, Casty, Carlo, additional, Luterbacher, Jürg, additional, Pauling, Andreas, additional, Esper, Jan, additional, Frank, David C., additional, Büntgen, Ulf, additional, Roesch, Andreas C., additional, Tschuck, Peter, additional, Wild, Martin, additional, Vidale, Pier-Luigi, additional, Schär, Christoph, additional, and Wanner, Heinz, additional

Published
2006
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30. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: References.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

The sources cited within this book are presented including "Temperature and precipitation reconstruction in southern Portugal during the late Maunder Minimum," M. J. Alcoforado, M. F. Nunes, J. C. Garcia, and J. P. Taborada, "Dendropoma Lower Intertidal Reef Formations and Their Palaeoclimatological Significance," by F. Antonioli, R. Chemello, and S. Improta, and S. Riggio, and "Tyrrhenian Holocene Palaeoclimate Trends From Spelean Serpulids," by F. Antonioli, S. Silenzi, and S. Frisia.

Published
2006

31. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: 1.8. Conclusions.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

Part 8 of Chapter 1 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo, is presented. It reviews past Mediterranean climate variability covering the last few centuries and describes regional coverage, potential and limitations of the available instrumental data, documentary evidence and natural proxies. The question on the importance and limitations of documentary and natural proxies for Mediterranean precipitation reconstructions is discussed.

Published
2006

32. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: 1.7. Mediterranean Winter Temperature and Precipitation Reconstructions in Comparison with the ECHO-G and HadCM3 Coupled Models.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

Part 7 of Chapter 1 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo, is presented. It offers a comparison between the 500-year winter temperature and precipitation reconstructions It reviews the past Mediterranean climate variability which covers the last few centuries and describes the regional coverage, the potential and limitations of the available instrumental data, documentary evidence and natural proxies.

Published
2006

33. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: A Review: 1.6. Teleconnection Studies with Other Parts of the Northern Hemisphere.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

Part 6 of Chapter 1 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo, is presented. It offers examples and potential on possible extratropical teleconnections covering the last few centuries. It presents reviews of the past Mediterranean climate variability which covers the last few centuries and describes the regional coverage, the potential and limitations of the available instrumental data, documentary evidence and natural proxies.

Published
2006

34. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: A Review: 1.5. Connection between the Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation and Mediterranean Winter Climate over the Last Centuries.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

Part 5 of Chapter 1 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo, is presented. It reviews the past Mediterranean climate variability which covers the last few centuries and describes the regional coverage, potential and limitations of the available data, documentary evidence and natural proxies. It focuses on the connection between the winter large-scale atmospheric circulation and the Mediterranean climate over the last few centuries.

Published
2006

35. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: A Review: 1.4. Mediterranean Winter Temperature and Precipitation Variability over the Last 500 Years.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

Part 4 of Chapter 1 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo, is presented. It reviews the past Mediterranean climate variability which covers the last few centuries and describes the regional coverage, the potential and limitations of the available instrumental data, documentary evidence and natural proxies. The evolution of Mediterranean temperature and precipitation over the last 500 years is presented with the use of data.

Published
2006

36. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: A Review: 1.3. Large-Scale Climate Reconstructions and Importance of Proxy Data for the Mediterranean.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

Part 3 of Chapter 1 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo, is presented. It reviews the past Mediterranean climate variability covering the last few centuries and describes the regional coverage, potential and limitations of the available instrumental data, documentary evidence and natural proxies. It describes the basic idea of how to incorporate climate information from different areas to reconstruct large-scale climate fields.

Published
2006

37. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: A Review: 1.2. Past Regional Mediterranean Climate Evidence and Extremes.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

Part 2 of Chapter 1 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo, is presented. It presents reviews of the past Mediterranean climate variability which covers the last few centuries and describes the regional coverage, the potential and limitations of the available instrumental data, documentary evidence and natural proxies. It offers combined weather and climate information from early instrumental data back to the eighteenth century.

Published
2006

38. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: A Review: 1.1. Introduction.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

Part 1 of Chapter 1 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo, is presented. It presents reviews of the past Mediterranean climate variability which covers the last few centuries and describes the regional coverage, the potential and limitations of the available instrumental data, documentary evidence and natural proxies. It presents a report on the availability and potential of natural proxies to reconstruct aspects of past climate.

Published
2006

39. Climate variability — observations, reconstructions, and model simulations for the Atlantic-European and Alpine region from 1500-2100 AD.

Author

Grosjean, Martin, Röthlisberger, Regine, Xoplaki, Elena, Raible, Christoph C., Casty, Carlo, Luterbacher, Jürg, Pauling, Andreas, Esper, Jan, Frank, David C., Büntgen, Ulf, Roesch, Andreas C., Tschuck, Peter, Wild, Martin, Vidale, Pier-Luigi, Schär, Christoph, and Wanner, Heinz

Abstract

A detailed analysis is undertaken of the Atlantic-European climate using data from 500-year-long proxy-based climate reconstructions, a long climate simulation with perpetual 1990 forcing, as well as two global and one regional climate change scenarios. The observed and simulated interannual variability and teleconnectivity are compared and interpreted in order to improve the understanding of natural climate variability on interannual to decadal time scales for the late Holocene. The focus is set on the Atlantic-European and Alpine regions during the winter and summer seasons, using temperature, precipitation, and 500 hPa geopotential height fields. The climate reconstruction shows pronounced interdecadal variations that appear to "lock" the atmospheric circulation in quasi-steady long-term patterns over multi-decadal periods controlling at least part of the temperature and precipitation variability. Different circulation patterns are persistent over several decades for the period 1500 to 1900. The 500-year-long simulation with perpetual 1990 forcing shows some substantial differences, with a more unsteady teleconnectivity behaviour. Two global scenario simulations indicate a transition towards more stable teleconnectivity for the next 100 years. Time series of reconstructed and simulated temperature and precipitation over the Alpine region show comparatively small changes in interannual variability within the time frame considered, with the exception of the summer season, where a substantial increase in interannual variability is simulated by regional climate models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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40. 1: Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: 1.9. Outlook.

Author

Luterbacher, Jürg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Küttel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Brönnimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, González-Rouco, Fidel J., García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose Carlos, Saz, Miguel Angel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, and Paeth, Heiko

Abstract

Part 9 of Chapter 1 of the book "Mediterranean Climate Variability," by P. Lionello, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and R. Boscolo, is presented. It reviews the past Mediterranean climate variability covering the last few centuries and describes the regional coverage, the potential and limitations of the available instrumental data, documentary evidence and natural proxies. It suggests that climatic research must be focused on both modeling and reconstruction of extreme meteorological and climatic events.

Published
2006

41. Artificial neural networks can be used for Ambrosia pollen emission parameterization in COSMO-ART

Author

Burki, Charlotte, Sikoparija, Branko, Thibaudon, Michel, Oliver, Gilles, Magyar, Donat, Udvardy, Orsolya, Leelossy, Adam, Charpilloz, Christophe, and Pauling, Andreas

Subjects
source inventory, model, Statistics::Applications, numerical pollen dispersion model cosmo-art, ambrosia pollen emission parameterization, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, diurnal patterns, impact, dispersion, artificial neural networks, supervised learning, ragweed
Abstract

The emission parameterization is a crucial part of numerical pollen dispersion models. This paper shows that Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) can substantially improve the performance of the Ambrosia pollen emission in numerical pollen dispersion models such as COSMO-ART. Based on simultaneous measurement of Ambrosia pollen concentrations and meteorological variables in the source area, ANNs were trained to predict the diurnal profile of pollen emission. Six different combinations of explanatory meteorological variables were trained with five different ANN configurations resulting in 30 candidate emission models. The best network configuration for each combination of explanatory variables were used as emission parameterization in the numerical pollen dispersion model COSMO-ART. In addition, two benchmarks were implemented: an emission parameterization based on sigmoid functions and an artificial neural network using only time as an explanatory variable. The Ambrosia pollen seasons of 2015 and 2016 were simulated using the two benchmarks and the six emission parameterizations. The modelled diurnal profile of emission fluxes at 15 different sites from Serbia, Hungary and France with strong local pollen sources were compared with observed concentrations. Artificial Neural Networks based emission parameterization substantially improved the performance of the Ambrosia pollen emission in COSMO-ART compared to the emission based on the sigmoid functions in all these three countries. However, a time-related explanatory variable must be used. This suggests that the ANN-based emission parameterizations can be used at distant locations as well. On the other hand, the use of meteorological related parameters did not increase the performance compared with the time-only benchmark.

42. Mediterranean Climate Variability over the Last Centuries: A Review

Author

Luterbacher, Juerg, Xoplaki, Elena, Casty, Carlo, Wanner, Heinz, Pauling, Andreas, Kuettel, Marcel, Rutishauser, This, Broennimann, Stefan, Fischer, Erich, Fleitmann, Dominik, Gonzalez-Rouco, Fidel J., Garcia-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriendos, Mariano, Rodrigo, Fernando, Carlos Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Jose, Angel Saz, Miguel, Gimeno, Luis, Ribera, Pedro, Brunet, Manola, Paeth, Heiko, Rimbu, Norel, Felis, Thomas, Jacobeit, Jucundus, Duenkeloh, Armin, Zorita, Eduardo, Guiot, Joel, Tuerkes, Murat, Alcoforado, Maria Joao, Trigo, Ricardo, Wheeler, Dennis, Tett, Simon, Mann, Michael E., Touchan, Ramzi, Shindell, Drew T., Silenzi, Sergio, Paolo Montagna, Camuffo, Dario, Mariotti, Annarita, Nanni, Teresa, Brunetti, Michele, Maugeri, Maurizio, Zerefos, Christos, Zolt, Simona, Lionello, Piero, Fatima Nunes, M., Rath, Volker, Beltrami, Hugo, Garnier, Emmanuel, and Ladurie, Emmanuel Le Roy

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