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Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) present gait disturbances including slower speed and higher variability when compared to cognitively healthy individuals (CHI). Brain neuroimaging could explore higher levels of motor control. Our purpose was to look for an association between morphometrics and gait parameters in each group. We hypothesized that the relation between morphological cerebral alteration and gait speed are different following the group. Fifty-three participants (30 with aMCI and 23 CHI) were recruited in this French cross-sectional study (mean 72 ± 5 years, 38% female). Gait speed and gait variability (coefficients of variation of stride time (STV) and stride length (SLV)) were measured using GAITrite® system. CAT12 software was used to analyse volume and surface morphometry like gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness (CT). Age, gender and education level were used as potential cofounders. aMCI had slower gait speed and higher STV when compared to CHI. In aMCI the full adjusted linear regression model showed that lower gait speed was associated with decreased GMV and lower CT in bilateral superior temporal gyri (p

Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) present gait disturbances including slower speed and higher variability when compared to cognitively healthy individuals (CHI). Brain neuroimaging could explore higher levels of motor control. Our purpose was to look for an association between morphometrics and gait parameters in each group. We hypothesized that the relation between morphological cerebral alteration and gait speed are different following the group.Fifty-three participants (30 with aMCI and 23 CHI) were recruited in this French cross-sectional study (mean 72 ± 5 years, 38% female). Gait speed and gait variability (coefficients of variation of stride time (STV) and stride length (SLV)) were measured using GAITrite® system. CAT12 software was used to analyse volume and surface morphometry like gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness (CT). Age, gender and education level were used as potential cofounders.aMCI had slower gait speed and higher STV when compared to CHI. In aMCI the full adjusted linear regression model showed that lower gait speed was associated with decreased GMV and lower CT in bilateral superior temporal gyri (p 0.36). In CHI, no association was found between gait speed and brain structure. Higher SLV was correlated with reduced GMV in spread regions (p 0.05) and thinner cortex in the middle right frontal gyrus (p = 0.001) in aMCI. In CHI, higher SLV was associated with reduced GMV in 1 cluster: the left lingual (p = 0.041).These findings indicate that lower gait speed is associated with specific brain structural changes as reduced GMV and CT during aMCI.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between neural (re)organization of the somatosensory cortex and impairment of sensory function (2-point discrimination [2PD]) in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. Methods We included 21 individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. 2PD thresholds were evaluated on thumb pads, and activation of the somatosensory cortex was recorded by functional MRI (fMRI) during passive movements of the affected hand. A lateralization index (LI) was calculated for the primary sensory (S1) and secondary sensory (S2) cortices and the correlation between the LI and 2PD thresholds was analysed. Results We found a significant negative correlation between the 2PD thresholds and the S2 LI (r = −0.5, one-tailed P-value = 0.01) and a trend towards a negative correlation with the S1 LI (r = −0.4, one-tailed P-value = 0.05). Conclusion High levels of activation in the contralesional hemisphere were associated with high levels of sensory impairment in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. The interhemispheric (re)organization of the somatosensory system may not effectively compensate for somatosensory impairment.

OBJECTIVE: To give a cross-sectional overview of ongoing management of behavioral disorders following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a region of France, to compare this with recent recommendations from the French Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (SOFMER), and to evaluate associations between treatments and participant characteristics. SETTING: Outpatients referred to medical or community-based facilities in a region of France. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred twenty-nine adults with moderate to severe TBI, in the postacute period (over 3 months postinjury). DESIGN: Cross-sectional cohort study. MAIN MEASURES: Sociodemographic data, ongoing interventions including psychotherapy and medication, behavioral disorders assessed by the Behavioral Dysexecutive Syndrome Inventory (BDSI). RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of participants received ongoing psychotherapy and 43% were on medication. The most prescribed medications were antidepressants (21%), neuroleptics (18%), anxiolytics (16%), and mood stabilizers (14%). Eighty-five participants (71%) presented a current Behavioral Dysexecutive Syndrome (BDS) according to the BDSI. These participants more frequently received treatment (P = .004), psychotherapy (P = .048), medications (often 2 or more) (P = .007), and particularly antiepileptic mood stabilizers (P = .037) compared with those without BDS. CONCLUSION: Although recommended as first-line treatment, few participants with BDS received psychotherapy. Medications were overused, especially neuroleptics in view of their potential adverse effects. In contrast, recommended medications, such as mood stabilizers and β-blockers, did not appear to be highly prescribed whatever the evolution. Compliance with recommendations seemed insufficient.