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Hybrid or full electric propulsions for inland ships are becoming more popular. In these application, direct-drive PM propulsion motors are a preferred machine configuration. This paper discusses the challenges to determine the losses, as estimated with simulations, during the testing procedures of a 350kW at 300rpm, respectively. The full-load testing of the drive system is performed by mechanically coupling two identical machines, of which one operates as a motor and the other as a generator, or "back-to-back" testing configuration. Two Direct-Drive PM machines have been manufactured to validate key findings from the modelling, particularly in terms of loss predictions, thermal modelling and influence of the design features such as magnet segmentation. A back-to-back set-up is created for testing these machines with a speed range of 0-450 rpm. Before the measurement commended, tests were carried out in accordance with IEC60034-1, IEC60034-15, IEC60085-1, IEEE43, IEEE118 and Lloyd's register. These tests included: surge, resistance, winding symmetry, high voltage test, insulation resistance and polarization index. All these tests were successfully completed and agreed with the analysis as described before. Following the motors have been installed in an inland ship hybrid propulsion.

The 3D modeling technique presented in this paper, predicts, with high accuracy, electromagnetic fields and corresponding dynamic effects in conducting regions for rotating machines with slotless windings, e.g. self-supporting windings. The presented modeling approach can be applied to a wide variety of slotless winding configurations, including skewing and/or different winding shapes. It is capable to account for induced eddy-currents in the conductive rotor parts, e.g. permanent magnet eddy-current losses, albeit not iron and winding AC losses. The specific focus of this paper is to provide the reader with the complete implementation and assumptions details of such a 3D semi-analytical approach, which allows model validations with relatively short calculation times. This model can be used to improve future design optimizations for machines with 3D slotless windings. It has been applied, in this paper, to calculate fixed parameter Faulhaber, Rhombic, and Diamond slotless PM machines to illustrate accuracy and applicability.

This paper is concerned with the analytical calculation of the interaction force between two permanent magnets (PMs) under relative rotation by means of the surface charge method, taking into account the non-unity relative permeability of the PMs. This model combines high accuracy and a short calculation time. As the considered PM configuration is a free-space, unbounded problem, the results from the surface charge method are compared to its numerical counterpart, the boundary element method. The analytical expressions were validated by means of the measurement results obtained from a 3-D printed test setup.

The fast harmonic modelling technique, which is proved to require low computational power, is used to model an outer rotor in wheel Permanent Magnet Surface Mounted (PMSM) machine for automotive applications. Fast model is prepared to be implemented in an optimisation routine for the whole power train including all principal systems like battery pack, gear ratio, power electronics etc. Primary key features for a model in this case are accuracy and computational time, therefore, the trade of between the accuracy and the speed of the model are discussed.

In this paper, a study on the energy conversion and the consequent torque production mechanism in hybrid excited variable reluctance machines (HEVRMs) is presented. The derived torque expressions of single-phase HEVRMs with different switching strategies show a similarity to that of DC machines (DCMs), wound-field synchronous machines (WFSMs), or permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSM).

Hybrid electric ship propulsions are becoming a leading/emerging area of research, prompting investigation in hybrid propulsion system design and demonstration of concept vessels. With respect to ship design and operation, minimizing costs associated with fuel consumption and maintenance are key objectives. As such, new, and existing, ships are subject to regulatory requirements, especially regarding emissions and energy efficiency. Hybrid electric propulsion is a promising approach in addressing these concerns. Particularly for inland vessels that require a high degree of manoeuvrability and are continuously travelling upstream and downstream. In this work, a Permanent Magnet propulsion motor with 350kW at 300rpm, hence around 1l,OOONm, will be discussed. With this motor a quiet mode is available with reduced emission during electric cruising and dynamic positioning.

Alternative energy sources for traditional combustion engines (e.g. fuel cells, solar cells, batteries) in vehicles like motorbikes, cars, trucks, boats, planes will go hand in hand with a massive growth of the application of electric machines inside (`E-propulsion'). For automotive, marine, aerospace and other heavy duty transportation for traveling and transport of goods, the electric motor will replace- or supplement many alternative energy sources and traditional combustion engines. Design of high performance, low cost and clean propulsion systems requires international cooperation of multiple disciplines such as physics, mathematics, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and specialisms like control engineering and safety. By cooperation of these disciplines in a structured way, the ADEPT program will provide a virtual research lab community from labs of European universities and industries. To stay on par with the competition there is an urgent need for European academic research communities to work in close cooperation with the European industry. After finishing the ADEPT project, the knowhow and expertise will also be open to other research organizations or industry that are not yet involved. This paper presents a review of trends within powertrain systems-level simulation as the context for the ADEPT program, before detailing the program itself.

This paper explores the design of an ultra-light-weight power and torque dense motor to enhance the performance of a light-weight electric racing vehicle. Such a racing vehicle is to compete in formula student racing events. The state-of-the-art powertrain in these vehicles are axial-field machines or medium speed radial-field machines with a gear. This paper concerns a high speed traction machine radial-field design that closely considers the endurance duty-cycle and/or driving cycle of a race car and provides fast acceleration. The proposed electrical machine is designed to be ultra-light-weight. Therefore, an 18,000 rpm (single gear), 24 slot, 4 pole and 33 Nm brushless highly saturated permanent magnet machine is designed, with an active mass of around 3.0 kg (~ 10kW/kg and 10 Nm/kg). To account for the various race events, the velocity of the racing tracks is to be closely matched with the machine output characteristics. Within this paper, the design and no-load results will be presented. In the near future (Q2 of 2015), following extended tests, this machine (integrated with a specifically designed single-stage gear) will be used to drive the vehicle using torque vectoring on all four-wheels. We expect that this will result in a significant performance gain in acceleration, endurance and handling characteristics of the 2015 University Racing Eindhoven race vehicle.

Alternative energy sources for traditional combustion engines (e.g. fuel cells, solar cells, batteries) in vehicles like motorbikes, cars, trucks, boats, planes will go hand in hand with a massive growth of the application of electric machines inside ('E-propulsion'). For automotive, marine, aerospace and other heavy duty transportation for traveling and transport of goods, the electric motor will replace- or supplement many alternative energy sources and traditional combustion engines. Design of high performance, low cost and clean propulsion systems requires international cooperation of multiple disciplines such as physics, mathematics, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and specialisms like control engineering and safety. By cooperation of these disciplines in a structured way, the ADEPT program will provide a virtual research lab community from labs of European universities and industries. To stay on par with the competition there is an urgent need for European academic research communities to work in close cooperation with the European industry. After finishing the ADEPT project, the knowhow and expertise will also be open to other research organizations or industry that are not yet involved. This paper presents a review of trends within powertrain systems-level simulation as the context for the ADEPT program, before detailing the program itself. cop. 2015 European Union.

The speed range that can be obtained with an electric machine is initially limited due to the finite supply voltage of the inverter. A winding reconfiguration method named dynamic machine operation is presented, capable of increasing the speed range and speed ratio by altering the configuration of the modular power electronics drive circuit as a function of the machine speed. An electric machine integrated equivalent of a gearbox for electric vehicles is realized in this manner. The theoretical analysis of the proposed dynamic machine operation principle is detailed and compared to conventional drive methods. Furthermore, the electric machine efficiency for different speed and torque levels is researched for each operating mode. Finally, the experimental verification demonstrates that the intended improvement of the speed range and speed ratio can be achieved.

Transverse Flux Machine (TFM) designs are, in general, based on 3-D Finite Element Methods (FEM). Previous attempts to perform analytical designs have been limited to Magnetic Equivalent Circuits (MEC). In this paper, for the first time, propulsion force calculation of TFMs is performed using an extremely fast analytical model. This allows for fast optimization routines to be implemented on the complex 3-D TFM structure. The derived analytical model combines magnetic charge and magnetic imaging techniques to obtain the magnetic air gap flux density distribution. Further, to allow calculation of the propulsion force in a direct manner, a suitable current sheet representation had to be drawn from the TFM structure. This equivalent representation of the magnetomotiveforce (mmf) in the stator, contained on a 2-D surface at the air gap centre, allowed the application of Lorentz force to this complex 3-D structure. This resulted in an analytical technique to accurately calculate propulsion force with a 2% deviation compared to 3-D FEM when the width of tooth and PM are similar, although that it does not yet allow for accurate cogging force calculations. In retrospect, also relatively accurate results, below 10%, are obtained for the flux density distribution in the air gap centre.

A fast, semi-analyticalmodel for inductionmotors (IMs) with 36/28 stator/rotor slot combination is presented. In comparison to traditional analytical models for IMs, such as lumped parameter, magnetic equivalent circuit and anisotropic layer models, the presented model calculates a continuous distribution of the magnetic flux density in the air gap and both the stator and rotor slots of the IM. Due to its semi-analytical nature, the computation time of the model is short in comparison to Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations. Also, it is shown that the model results are in good agreement with linear FEA simulation results. This makes the model very suitable for design tools.