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Abstract The orphan G protein-coupled receptor 37 (GPR37), widely associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD), undergoes proteolytic processing under physiological conditions. The N-terminus domain is proteolyzed by a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM-10), which generates various membrane receptor forms and ectodomain shedding (ecto-GPR37) in the extracellular environment. We investigated the processing and density of GPR37 in several neurodegenerative conditions, including Lewy body disease (LBD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The presence of ecto-GPR37 peptides in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of PD, MSA, CBD and PSP patients was assessed through an in-house nanoluciferase-based immunoassay. This study identified increased receptor processing in early-stage LBD within the PFC and striatum, key brain areas in neurodegeneration. In MSA only the 52 kDa form of GPR37 appeared in the striatum. This form was also significantly elevated in the striatum of AD necropsies. On the contrary, GPR37 processing remained unchanged in the brains of CBD and PSP patients. Furthermore, while CSF ecto-GPR37 increased in PD patients, its levels remained unchanged in MSA, CBD, and PSP subjects. Importantly, patients with PD with rapid progression of the disease did not have elevated ecto-GPR37 in the CSF, while those with slow progression showed a significant increase, suggesting a possible prognostic use of ecto-GPR37 in PD. This research underscores the distinctive processing and density patterns of GPR37 in neurodegenerative diseases, providing crucial insights into its potential role as an indicator of PD progression rates.

Background: Cross-reactivity between nonspecific lipid transfer proteins could cause anaphylaxis, further influencing food avoidance and nutrient deficiencies. The one affecting olive pollen (Ole e 7) and peach (Pru p 3) may underlie a variety of pollen-food syndromes, though a deep molecular analysis is necessary. Methods: Three Ole e 7-monosensitised patients (MON_OLE), three Pru p 3-monosensitised patients (MON_PRU) and three bisensitised patients (BI) were selected. For epitope mapping, both digested proteins were incubated with patient sera, and the captured IgE-bound peptides were characterised by LC-MS. Results: The analysis revealed two Ole e 7 epitopes and the three Pru p 3 epitopes previously described. Interestingly, the “KSALALVGNKV” Ole e 7 peptide was recognised by MON_OLE, BI and MON_PRU patients. Conversely, all patients recognised the “ISASTNCATVK” Pru p 3 peptide. Although complete sequence alignment between both proteins revealed 32.6% identity, local alignment considering seven residue fragments showed 50 and 57% identity when comparing “ISASTNCATVK” with Ole e 7 and “KSALALVGNKV” with Pru p 3. Conclusions: This study mapped sIgE-Ole e 7-binding epitopes, paving the way for more precise diagnostic tools. Assuming non-significant sequence similarity, structural homology and shared key residues may underlie the potential cross-reactivity between Ole e 7 and Pru p 3 nsLTPs.

A willingness to explore new ideas and to maintain reflective skepticism is necessary to exercise critical citizenship. Importantly, the disposition to think critically is a dynamic (rather than static) characteristic of a person that can be developed through different educational experiences. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of three applied learning experiences – namely, internships, service learning and participation in international mobility programmes – on higher education students' disposition toward critical thinking. Participants were 147 Spanish undergraduates aged between 17 and 24 years (M = 18.36, SD = 1.16; 69.39% women). They were enrolled in degree programmes in the fields of social and legal sciences (81.6% of students) and engineering and architecture (18.4%). Critical thinking disposition was assessed at two time points: at the beginning of their undergraduate studies and at the end of year 2, by which time some students had participated in applied learning experiences. No changes were found in the disposition toward critical thinking of students who did not participate in experiences of this kind. However, students who had engaged in service learning projects showed gains in their critical thinking disposition. Contrary to expectations, no significant improvement in critical thinking disposition was observed among students who carried out internships or participated in mobility programmes. These findings emphasize the importance of promoting service learning experiences in higher education so as to promote and develop students' disposition toward critical thinking.

Tests of lepton flavour universality in rare decays of b hadrons mediated by flavour-changing neutral-current transitions constitute sensitive probes for physics beyond the standard model. In recent years, such tests have become increasingly precise and have attracted significant theoretical and experimental attention. In this article, we review the status of searches for lepton flavour universality violations in these processes and discuss prospects for future measurements at various facilities.

Las estructuras desplegables han sido ampliamente utilizadas en el terreno de la arquitectura efímera, más concretamente en el campismo. La aparición en 2003 de la tienda “2seconds” marca un hito en la cultura popular. Este tipo de tiendas se ensamblan por acción de la fuerza de torsión generada en la geometría de sus varillas en el momento del plegado, que se libera en los famosos dos segundos generando un refugio instantáneo. El hecho de que el sistema prescinda de fuentes de energía externas lo hace sostenible, eficiente y fácilmente trasladable. Existen otros ejemplos de experimentación con este tipo de estructuras como el desarrollado por un estudio de arquitectura chino en 2013 o un equipo del MIT en 2017. El presente artículo estudia y compara las geometrías que componen los citados diseños recurriendo al plugin para Rhinoceros, Grasshopper, que permite hacer cambios dimensionales con facilidad sobre un mismo modelo. El fin último de este estudio es, habiendo estudiado el funcionamiento estructural de los distintos sistemas, establecer las pistas para el desarrollo de uno nuevo capaz de funcionar como refugio. Abstract Deployable structures have been widely used in the field of ephemeral architecture, more specifically in the countryside. The appearance in 2003 of the store "2seconds" marks a milestone in popular culture. These types of stores are assembled by the action of the torque force generated in the geometry of their rods at the time of folding, which is released in the famous two seconds generating an instant shelter. The fact that the system dispenses with external energy sources makes it sustainable, efficient, and easily transferable. There are other examples of experimentation with this type of structures such as the one developed by a Chinese architecture studio in 2013 or a team from MIT in 2017. This article studies and compares the geometries that make up the designs using the plugin for Rhinoceros, Grasshopper, which allows making dimensional changes with ease on the same model. The ultimate purpose of this study is, having studied the structural functioning of the different systems, to establish the paths for the development of a new one capable of functioning as a shelter.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: la sociedad envejece a pasos agigantados y propone un reto importante al conjunto de profesionales, ya que una de las mayores preocupaciones en el transcurso de los años es la pérdida de funciones cognitivas como la memoria. Con base en ello, es relevante conocer qué estrategias pueden ayudar a preservar la capacidad mnésica de las personas mayores sanas. Objetivo: analizar el efecto moderador del constructo creatividad en la memoria cotidiana, así como el de la edad en una muestra de personas mayores sanas. Métodos: Participaron 106 personas mayores sanas y voluntarias provenientes de diferentes ciudades de España. Se les aplicó la prueba de creatividad CREA y la de memoria cotidiana RBMT. Resultados: La creatividad modera la pérdida de memoria en las personas mayores, en tanto que, por cada unidad de análisis de creatividad, aumenta la memoria. Lo contrario ocurre con la edad, al aumentar esta, la memoria disminuye. No se ha observado que la edad y la creatividad tengan un efecto de interacción conjunta sobre la memoria, actuando las dos por separado. Implicaciones: la creatividad puede ser incrementada en los programas de ocio y de intervención en psicoestimulación en el envejecimiento, ya que promover un contexto de actividades que fomenten la creatividad puede ser muy ventajoso para prevenir problemas de memoria en adultos mayores sanos. Se necesitan más estudios que ahonden en esta relación y el tipo de actividades concretas creativas que pueden ser beneficiosas y efectivas.

Abstract Background One hundred fifty million contagions, more than 3 million deaths and little more than 1 year of COVID-19 have changed our lives and our health management systems forever. Ageing is known to be one of the significant determinants for COVID-19 severity. Two main reasons underlie this: immunosenescence and age correlation with main COVID-19 comorbidities such as hypertension or dyslipidaemia. This study has two aims. The first is to obtain cut-off points for laboratory parameters that can help us in clinical decision-making. The second one is to analyse the effect of pandemic lockdown on epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory parameters concerning the severity of the COVID-19. For these purposes, 257 of SARSCoV2 inpatients during pandemic confinement were included in this study. Moreover, 584 case records from a previously analysed series, were compared with the present study data. Results Concerning the characteristics of lockdown series, mild cases accounted for 14.4, 54.1% were moderate and 31.5%, severe. There were 32.5% of home contagions, 26.3% community transmissions, 22.5% nursing home contagions, and 8.8% corresponding to frontline worker contagions regarding epidemiological features. Age > 60 and male sex are hereby confirmed as severity determinants. Equally, higher severity was significantly associated with higher IL6, CRP, ferritin, LDH, and leukocyte counts, and a lower percentage of lymphocyte, CD4 and CD8 count. Comparing this cohort with a previous 584-cases series, mild cases were less than those analysed in the first moment of the pandemic and dyslipidaemia became more frequent than before. IL-6, CRP and LDH values above 69 pg/mL, 97 mg/L and 328 U/L respectively, as well as a CD4 T-cell count below 535 cells/μL, were the best cut-offs predicting severity since these parameters offered reliable areas under the curve. Conclusion Age and sex together with selected laboratory parameters on admission can help us predict COVID-19 severity and, therefore, make clinical and resource management decisions. Demographic features associated with lockdown might affect the homogeneity of the data and the robustness of the results.

Abstract Neuroscience has studied deductive reasoning over the last 20 years under the assumption that deductive inferences are not only de jure but also de facto distinct from other forms of inference. The objective of this research is to verify if logically valid deductions leave any cerebral electrical trait that is distinct from the trait left by non-valid deductions. 23 subjects with an average age of 20.35 years were registered with MEG and placed into a two conditions paradigm (100 trials for each condition) which each presented the exact same relational complexity (same variables and content) but had distinct logical complexity. Both conditions show the same electromagnetic components (P3, N4) in the early temporal window (250–525 ms) and P6 in the late temporal window (500–775 ms). The significant activity in both valid and invalid conditions is found in sensors from medial prefrontal regions, probably corresponding to the ACC or to the medial prefrontal cortex. The amplitude and intensity of valid deductions is significantly lower in both temporal windows (p = 0.0003). The reaction time was 54.37% slower in the valid condition. Validity leaves a minimal but measurable hypoactive electrical trait in brain processing. The minor electrical demand is attributable to the recursive and automatable character of valid deductions, suggesting a physical indicator of computational deductive properties. It is hypothesized that all valid deductions are recursive and hypoactive.

Summary: Knowledge on the population history of endangered species is critical for conservation, but whole-genome data on chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) is geographically sparse. Here, we produced the first non-invasive geolocalized catalog of genomic diversity by capturing chromosome 21 from 828 non-invasive samples collected at 48 sampling sites across Africa. The four recognized subspecies show clear genetic differentiation correlating with known barriers, while previously undescribed genetic exchange suggests that these have been permeable on a local scale. We obtained a detailed reconstruction of population stratification and fine-scale patterns of isolation, migration, and connectivity, including a comprehensive picture of admixture with bonobos (Pan paniscus). Unlike humans, chimpanzees did not experience extended episodes of long-distance migrations, which might have limited cultural transmission. Finally, based on local rare variation, we implement a fine-grained geolocalization approach demonstrating improved precision in determining the origin of confiscated chimpanzees.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the cause-specific mortality rate related to COVID-19 (CMR) in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) and COVID-19 and to analyze the role of the different RMDs in their mortality risk. Methods: An observational longitudinal study was conducted during the first pandemic wave in our center. Patients with the diagnosis of RMDs and COVID-19 were included. Main outcome is the death related to COVID-19. Independent variable – type of RMDs: autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD), such as chronic inflammatory arthritis (CIA) and connective tissue diseases (CTD) and non-autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases (non-ARD). Survival techniques were used to estimate the CMR per 1000 patients-month with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and Cox multivariate regression analysis was run to examine the effect of ARD compared to non-ARD on mortality risk adjusted by confounders. Results were expressed by Hazard Ratio (HR) and CI. Results: Overall, 405 patients were included (642.5 patients-month). During the study period, 44 (10.86%) deaths were recorded. CMR was 68.48 (50.96–92.01). After adjusting for confounders, HR of mortality in ARD compared to non-ARD did not achieve statistical significance [HR: 1.15 (0.64–2.07)], neither CTD versus CIA nor CTD versus non-ARD. Age and certain comorbidities which are being diagnosed in March compared to April or May [HR: 2.43 (1.1–5.55)] increased the mortality risk. Glucocorticoids and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) dropped from the final model. Conclusion: In patients with RMDs and COVID-19, CMR was 6.8% patients-month. This study shows that mortality risk is higher in males, older patients, and similar between CTD, CIA, and non-ARD. COVID-19 management improved after the first month of pandemic. Plain Language Summaries Mortality related to the outbreak of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases Why was this study done? - To report the COVID-19-specific mortality rate in patients with a variety of RMDs during the first pandemic peak in a tertiary hospital in Madrid and to analyze the role of specific types of ARD and other possible factors in the risk of death related to COVID-19. What did the researchers do? - We performed a retrospective observational study during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Madrid, Spain. What did the researchers find? - In this study, neither the different diagnoses of RMDs, including CIA, CTD, or non-ARD disease or its treatment were not implicated as a potential risk of death related to COVID-19 - In consonance with other studies, RMDs patients and COVID-19, older age, male sex, and certain comorbidities implied more mortality risk - Our data reflect COVID-19 severity in a particular context, time, and population. In times of the absence of COVID-19 vaccine, healthcare, social, and political measures taken to contain the coronavirus outbreak have worked properly. What do the findings mean? - The presence of comorbidities in RMDs patients represents a greater risk than the different types of RMDs themselves, in the development of COVID-19 fatal outcome. It is important to integrate the control of comorbidities in the daily management.

Lester and colleagues use faecal samples and genetic analyses to investigate the genetic connectivity across chimpanzees. Their results indicate that the global pattern of genetic diversity in chimpanzees is largely characterized by a pattern of isolation by distance with several isolated populations exhibiting strong local differentiation.

Mergers and acquisitions are a common strategy in the Spanish banking sector. The activities and changes they cause have an important effect on the relationship with customers of this type of entities. These processes involve many and very fast changes that generate great uncertainty on the clients. At the same time, they significantly affect their perception of the entity, and, in particular, their connection and identification with it. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the effect of bank mergers or acquisitions on the relationship between the variance in the perceived image of the entity by the consumer and the identification of consumers with it. Also, the moderating roles of the demographic variables and variables of bank behavior are analyzed. Through a structural equation model and using a sample of customers of merged entities in Spain, results suggest that consumers perceive a decline in their identification with the entity, explained by the perception of changes in the attitude and behavior of the organization and of the staff, as well as in the communication that occurs during and after the process of merger or acquisition. In addition, the moderating roles of gender of consumers and the level of education are confirmed.

The European hake (Merluccius merluccius) is represented as one of the most valuable fisheries in the Galician shelf. We analyzed the distribution, abundance, and environmental conditions of the southern-stock European hake larvae from the Galician shelf during the two main spawning peaks, winter-spring and summer, based on the data from three ichthyoplankton surveys (March 2012, March 2017, and June 2017). A total of 395 larvae in March 2012, 121 in March 2017, and 69 in June 2017 were captured. The northeast section of the study area, close to Estaca de Bares, primarily between 100 and 200 m isobaths, had the highest presence of the European hake larvae in all surveys. Generalized additive models (GAMs) indicated that the occurrence of larvae was significantly different between the surveys and was associated negatively with the temperature, while the abundance of larvae was significantly different between sampling years and was the highest at a temperature around 13.36°C and at sea surface heights of about −0.48 m. Studies of the distribution of early life stages and their relation to external conditions are essential to the understanding of the complex process of recruitment, especially in the exploited species and in highly dynamic environments like the Galician shelf.

Gut microbial communities are drivers of primate physiology and health, but the factors that influence the gut microbiome in wild primate populations remain largely undetermined. We report data from a continent-wide survey of wild chimpanzee gut microbiota and highlight the effects of genetics, vegetation, and potentially even tool use at different spatial scales on the chimpanzee gut microbiome, including bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic parasites.

Se establecen las relaciones entre las esculturas-pabellón (1968-97) y la Escuela de Ulm (1953), obras del polifacético artista y arquitecto Max Bill. Para ello se realiza un análisis gráfico de las mismas, estudiando el lugar, las circulaciones y la composición espacial. El hallazgo es la existencia de una relación en el modo de proyectar las diferentes disciplinas y la influencia de la arquitectura sobre la escultura en el caso de estos ejemplos. Por otro lado, se detecta una presencia abstracta en la obra de un defensor del arte concreto, que a priori rehúye del símbolo. También se hallan conceptos historicistas en un heredero de los principios modernos de la Bauhaus, fundamentos que actualiza creando la Escuela de Ulm.

Aging is not a discovery of the 21st century. However, what is unprecedented is that the group of old people outnumber the rest of the population in many countries of the world. In recent years there has been a proliferation of empirical studies about aging, cognition, emotion and their interaction. At the present time, a growing number of research shows that emotions remain intact in old age, contributing to improve performance in cognitive tasks. This research offers a global vision of the aspects that regulate emotions in the cognitive function of old people.

This paper describes cognitive-emotional theories of aging with the objective of providing new theoretical knowledge on aging phenomena. According to these theories, emotion and cognition determine distinct itineraries in terms of develoment. While cognition performance declines with chronological age at a lineal rate, emotion remains intact and even contributes to improve cognitive performance in the older segments of life.

The cognitive-emotional theories of aging affirm that with age increases the emotional bias with positive valence in the processing of information that elderly people perform. In this article the concept of positivity in aging is discussed in relation to the deficit of inhibitory control and the perception of limited time, characteristics associated with age.

In the context of narrative gerontology emerges the subjective perspective of knowledge of behavior in the last stage of life. This perspective aims to empower older people while the narrative of their own lives contributes to complete the training of students of humanities degrees in social, educational and health contexts. The purpose of the research is to review the different narrative histories of life in old age, the similarities and differences as well as the functions and peculiarities of each of the narratives.

In decision-making, not only cognitive processes such as executive function and memory are involved, but emotional processes also intervene. In this research, the emotional aspects involved in the decision making of older people are defined. In particular, the location of the sources of the emotional process, the somatic marker, the reasoned emotion, the intuition and the emotional evaluation model of decision making are described. The contents discussed are based on Damasio’s emotional theory.

This work merges from our interest for the evolution of deductive reasoning across the life cycle from youth to older age. With time, reasoning resources seem to be compromised and constrained, even if on the other side they seem more flexible. The literature on deductive reasoning considers that deduction only takes place between integrable premisses, that is, premisses whose elements share any categorematical term. The present research designed, applied and analyzed an instrument to measure deduction. The measure is based on integration as a general rule to deduce a conclusion from two premisses. The internal consistency of the instrument was .775 and its validity was approved by 10 experts. The transversal design had a sample of 37 young and 42 older persons, 12 of which had university degrees. Both young and old groups commit less failures with integrable elements than with non-integrable (p=.000), Importantly, the group of young reasoners show less correct answers differences between integrable and non-integrable inferences. As a conclusion, the high number of deductive errors among older persons in non integrable inferences can be explained because they seem to handle heuristic rules with a low abstraction level, of the kind: “if premisses are not integrable, then the inference is false”. The higher scores obtained by young reasoners with non integrable inferences is eventually explained in terms of the search for subjacent logical reasons in non integrable or even apparently incoherent inferential tasks.

We find ourselves in the era of information technology and virtual communication. For this reason, it is more necessary than ever to implement educational resources based on social competence if we want that the invasion of machines won’t impose their rules over society in the twenty-first century, namely: productivity, moral indifference, emptying of feelings and emotions, etc. The present study aims to explore the social competence of young and old persons which regularly use technologies. The sample consisted in a group of 30 young university students and 38 older persons participating in introductory computer courses. The evaluation tool was a Social Abilities Questionnaire with which it is measured both the self-evaluation of the own’s social competence and the evaluation of peers. Results, in general terms, show more similitudes than differences between young and older persons: 1. Coincidence in the higher self-evaluated ability (give thanks). 2. The valuation of the own social competence is higher than that of the peers.

Getting to know the capacities and limitations of the reasoning brain can help us to understand why some learning situations are efficient while others are not. Brain imaging techniques can offer this information, hence current neuroscience is inclined to use service-learning methodologies which include emotion when measuring mental and brain learning efficiency. In this paper we collect results from empirical research on logico-emotional training based in control by inhibition strategies. This strategy consists in training subjects in self-instructions to avoid falling into the perceptive pairing bias. Results show an increase in the percentage of success from 10% to 90% of the trained subjects, as opposed to subjects trained with other methodologies commonly used in the classroom. As a conclusion, it has been shown that brain activity hints of metacognition imply a deeper and more successful learning experience in the teacher/pupil diad.

Mesopelagic fish are largely abundant poorly studied fish that are still intact, but which, due to their potentially great added value, will be imminently exploited by humans. Therefore, studies that provide information to anticipate the anthropogenic impact on this important resource are urgently needed. In particular, knowledge about their connectivity, potential adaptation and resilience are needed. This information can be obtained through the analysis of genome-wide markers which are now relatively easily and cost-efficiently discovered thanks to high-throughput sequencing technologies. Here, we have generated thousands of SNP markers in Maurolicus muelleri, based on the restriction-site associated DNA sequencing method, and preformed population connectivity and genetic diversity analyses in a subset of samples collected from the Bay of Biscay. Our study proves the method valid for obtaining genome-wide markers in this species and provides the first insights into the population genomics of M. muelleri. Importantly, the genomic resources developed here are made available for future studies and set the basics for additional endeavors on this issue.

Clostridium septicum produces a number of diseases in human and farm animals which, in most of the cases, are fatal without clinical intervention. Alpha toxin is an important agent and the unique lethal virulent factor produced by Clostridium septicum. This toxin is haemolytic, highly lethal and necrotizing activities but is being used as an antigen to develop animal vaccines. The aim of this study was to isolate the alpha toxin of Clostridium septicum and produce highly specific antibodies against it. In this work, we have developed a simple and efficient method for alpha toxin purification, based on electroelution that can be used as a time-saving method for purifying proteins. This technique avoids contamination by other proteins that could appear during other protein purification techniques such chromatography. The highly purified toxin was used to produce polyclonal antibodies. The specificity of the antibodies was tested by western blot and these antibodies can be applied to the quantitative determination of alpha toxin by slot blot.

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de un protocolo clínico para pacientes obesos utilizado en la consulta de obesidad del Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI). Pacientes y métodos: En el estudio participaron 47 pacientes procedentes de la consulta de obesidad del CHUVI. Todos ellos fueron evaluados en consulta y siguieron el protocolo de obesidad durante un periodo de 2 años. Se evaluaron variables como el peso, el IMC y los grados de obesidad en el momento inicial y final. Resultados y discusión: En pacientes obesos entre 26 y 65 años se observa una tendencia a disminuir su grado de obesidad, con diferencias significativas en el 2012 respecto al 2010. Hay diferencias de comportamiento entre hombres y mujeres en cuanto al cambio de graduación en la obesidad. Conclusiones: En nuestro estudio hemos comprobado diferencias de comportamiento entre hombres y mujeres en cuanto al cambio de graduación en la obesidad; en las mujeres hay una mayor tendencia a reducirlo.

Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia y el grado de desnutrición de los pacientes con cáncer remitidos a una consulta específica de Nutrición Oncológica. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo basado en los datos recogidos en la primera consulta de nutrición de todos los pacientes mayores de edad con cáncer evaluados en el período comprendido entre el 1 de marzo de 2008 y el 29 de febrero de 2012. Se incluyeron 997 pacientes, a los que se les realizó la Valoración Global Subjetiva Generada por el Paciente. Resultados: El 69% de los pacientes habían perdido más de un 5% de su peso habitual en los 3 meses previos, siendo esto más frecuente entre los portadores de tumores digestivos. El 81,2% de los pacientes tenían dificultades para alimentarse, el síntoma más frecuente era la anorexia (53,3%) y la mediana de síntomas por paciente 3. La Valoración Global Subjetiva Generada por el Paciente muestra una prevalencia de desnutrición del 72,9% (29,9% desnutrición moderada y 43% desnutrición severa). La desnutrición se relacionó con el tipo de tumor y con el estadío, pero no con la edad, el sexo ni con el Índice de Masa Corporal habitual. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de desnutrición en los pacientes con cáncer evaluados en nuestra consulta es elevada. La valoración nutricional es básica para identificar a aquellos pacientes con desnutrición o riesgo de desnutrición y orientar la necesidad de tratamiento nutricional.

El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar el comportamiento ecológico de los individuos. En particular, se analiza el papel que, sobre el comportamiento, ejercen el conocimiento sobre el medio ambiente, los valores de las personas y sus intenciones a través de la propuesta de un modelo. Con carácter previo se han validado las escalas de medida específicas de cada constructo. La técnica estadística utilizada es la modelización de ecuaciones estructurales aplicada sobre una muestra de 497 individuos. El modelo testado es capaz de explicar el 87 % de la varianza del comportamiento ecológico. Nuestros resultados indican que el conocimiento y los valores son susceptibles de generar de forma indirecta actuaciones ecológicas por parte del individuo, mediadas por las intenciones; mientras que las intenciones ejercen una influencia directa sobre la conducta.

Objetivos: La unificación de criterios para el diagnóstico del síndrome metabólico, junto con la propuesta de la Organización Mundial de la Salud de eliminar de ellos a los pacientes con diabetes o con enfermedades cardiovasculares, cambiará la estimación de su prevalencia. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en un área de salud extremeña siguiendo ambas recomendaciones. Métodos: Estudio transversal, poblacional, con selección aleatoria de individuos entre 25 y 79 años de edad, en un Área de Salud de Badajoz. Se recogieron los antecedentes de factores de riesgo cardiovascular, la presión arterial y el perímetro abdominal, y una muestra de sangre en ayunas. Se comparó la prevalencia del síndrome metabólico siguiendo los recientes criterios, por sexo y edad. Resultados: Se reclutaron 2.833 personas, el 46,5% eran hombres, y la edad media 51,2 años. La prevalencia del síndrome metabólico fue del 33,6%, significativamente mayor en los hombres (36,7% frente a 30,9%; pObjectives: The unification of criteria for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, together with the subsequent World Health Organization (WHO) proposal to eliminate diabetes and cardiovascular diseases from the diagnostic criteria, will change estimates of the known prevalence of this syndrome. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a health area of Badajoz (Spain) using the latest consensus criteria and eliminating diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional population-wide study of randomly selected individuals aged between 25 and 79 years old in a health area of Badajoz. In all patients, data on their history of cardiovascular risk factors were gathered, waist circumference and blood pressure were measured and a fasting blood sample was collected. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, following recent criteria, was compared by age and gender. Results: We recruited 2,833 individuals (46.5% men). The mean age was 51.2 years The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 33.6% and was significantly higher in men (36.7% vs 30.9%; p

A standardisation of daily age determination in juveniles for this species is proposed by examining a wide range in length of juveniles. Sagitta otoliths and the saggital plane were selected for the analysis and daily increments were read in the postrostrum and antirostrum axes. Certain regions of the otolith show wide, rhythmic double growth patterns. These 2 axes were read with two different objectives (x10 and x20) and using two different interpretation criteria: group band reading (GBR), by which a repetitive cyclic set of growth bands were taken as single daily increments and individual mark reading (IMR), by which each microincrement, regardless of its appearance, constituted a daily count. Hatching dates, relative error and coefficient of variation were applied in order to find the most consistent reading method, and were compared with known growth rates in this and other genera of anchovy. Though the hatching dates produced by the two ageing methods are compatible with the spawning period, we consider the GBR method to be the most reliable ageing procedure because: a) it is the most precise and robust (not being affected by the examination procedure); b) it allows the rhythmic pattern of alternating growth bands to be interpreted as sub-daily microincrements generated in the later phases of larvae and during metamorphosis; and c) it produces high rates of growth compatible with larva growth increments and with other studies for the same genus at similar temperatures.