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4. Editorial: time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency

Author

Kamran ABBASI, Parveen ALI, Virginia BARBOUR, Thomas BENFIELD, Kirsten BIBBINSDOMINGO, Stephen HANCOCKS, Richard HORTON, Laurie LAYBOURN-LANGTON, Robert MASH, Peush SAHNI, Wadeia MOHAMMAD SHARIEF, Paul YONGA, and Chris ZIELINSKI

Subjects
time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Over 200 health journals call on the United Nations, political leaders, and health professionals to recognise that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to preserve health and avoid catastrophe. This overall environmental crisis is now so severe as to be a global health emergency. The world is currently responding to the climate crisis and the nature crisis as if they were separate challenges. This is a dangerous mistake. The 28th Conference of the Parties (COP) on climate change is about to be held in Dubai while the 16th COP on biodiversity is due to be held in Turkey in 2024. The research communities that provide the evidence for the two COPs are unfortunately largely separate, but they were brought together for a workshop in 2020 when they concluded that: "Only by considering climate and biodiversity as parts of the same complex problem…can solutions be developed that avoid maladaptation and maximize the beneficial outcomes

Published
2023
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5. Reducing the risks of nuclear war – the role of health professionals

Author

Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Kirsten Bibbins‐Domingo, Marcel GM Olde Rikkert, Andy Haines, Ira Helfand, Richard Horton, Bob Mash, Arun Mitra, Carlos Monteiro, Elena N Naumova, Eric J Rubin, Tilman Ruff, Peush Sahni, James Tumwine, Paul Yonga, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
Pathology, RB1-214
Published
2023
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6. Reducing the Risks of Nuclear War

Author

Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert, Andy Haines, Ira Helfand, Richard Horton, Bob Mash, Arun Mitra, Carlos Monteiro, Elena N. Naumova, Eric J. Rubin, Tilman Ruff, Peush Sahni, James Tumwine, Paul Yonga, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
public health policy, public health policies, nuclear war, nuclear weapons, public health emergencies, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published
2023
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7. COP27 Climate Change Conference: urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory E. Erhabor, Aiah A. Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Wealthy nations must step up support for Africa and vulnerable countries in addressing past, present and future impacts of climate change The 2022 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) paints a dark picture of the future of life on earth, characterised by ecosystem collapse, species extinction, and climate hazards such as heat waves and floods1. These are all linked to physical and mental health problems, with direct and indirect consequences of increased morbidity and mortality. To avoid these catastrophic health effects across all regions of the globe, there is broad agreement—as 231 health journals argued together in 2021—that the rise in global temperature must be limited to less than 1.5oC compared with pre-industrial levels.

Published
2023

8. COP27 Climate Change Conference: Urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory Erhabor, Aiah Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
climate change, climate and health, ecology, climate and africa, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Wealthy nations must step up support for Africa and vulnerable countries in addressing past, present and future impacts of climate change. The 2022 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) paints a dark picture of the future of life on earth, characterised by ecosystem collapse, species extinction, and climate hazards such as heatwaves and floods. These are all linked to physical and mental health problems, with direct and indirect consequences of increased morbidity and mortality. To avoid these catastrophic health effects across all regions of the globe, there is broad agreement—as 231 health journals argued together in 2021—that the rise in global temperature must be limited to less than 1.5oC compared with pre-industrial levels. While the Paris Agreement of 2015 outlines a global action framework that incorporates providing climate finance to developing countries, this support has yet to materialise. COP27 is the fifth Conference of the Parties (COP) to be organised in Africa since its inception in 1995. Ahead of this meeting, we—as health journal editors from across the continent—call for urgent action to ensure it is the COP that finally delivers climate justice for Africa and vulnerable countries. This is essential not just for the health of those countries, but for the health of the whole world.

Published
2022
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9. COP27 Climate change conference: Urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Gregory E. Erhabor, Aiah A. Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori- Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
climate, africa, conferences, urgent, action, Surgery, RD1-811
Published
2022
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10. Reducing the risks of nuclear war – The role of health professionals

Author

Abbasi Kamran, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Marcel G.M Olde Rikkert, Richard Horton, Robert Mash, Carlos Monteiro, Elena N. Naumova, Eric J Rubin, Peush Sahni, James Tumwine, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski, Arun Mitra, Tilman Ruff, Andy Haines, and Ira Helfand

Subjects
nuclear war, nuclear weapons, health effects, health risks, health professionals., Medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

No abstract available.

Published
2023
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12. Conférence COP27 sur le changement climatique: des mesures d’urgence sont nécessaires pour l’Afrique et pour le monde entier

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory E Erhabor, Aiah A Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
Medicine, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published
2022
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13. Conferencia sobre Cambio Climático COP27: se necesita una acción urgente para África y el mundo

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory E. Erhabor, Aiah A. Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinsky

Subjects
Medicine
Published
2022
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14. Conferência sobre Mudança do Clima COP27: ações urgentes e necessárias para a África e o mundo

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory E. Erhabor, Aiah A. Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
Medicine, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published
2022
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15. COP27 Climate Change Conference: Urgent Action Needed for Africa and the World

Author

Gregory E. Erhabor, Lilia Zakhama, Paul Yonga, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, James Tumwine, Abdelmadjid Snouber, Siaka Sidibé, Arash Rashidian, Friday Okonofua, David Ofori-Adjei, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, Joy Muhia, Bob Mash, James Kigera, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, Abraham Haileamlak, Aiah A. Gbakima, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
Global warming, Climate Change, Advocacy, Medicine (General), R5-920, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published
2023
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16. A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy.

Author

Louise O Downs, Cori Campbell, Paul Yonga, George Githinji, M Azim Ansari, Philippa C Matthews, and Anthony O Etyang

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate available prevalence and viral sequencing data representing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in Kenya. More than 20% of the global disease burden from CHB is in Africa, however there is minimal high quality seroprevalence data from individual countries and little viral sequencing data available to represent the continent. We undertook a systematic review of the prevalence and genetic data available for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Kenya using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. We identified 23 studies reporting HBV prevalence and 8 studies that included HBV genetic data published in English between January 2000 and December 2021. We assessed study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. Due to study heterogeneity, we divided the studies to represent low, moderate, high and very high-risk for HBV infection, identifying 8, 7, 5 and 3 studies in these groups, respectively. We calculated pooled HBV prevalence within each group and evaluated available sequencing data. Pooled HBV prevalence was 3.4% (95% CI 2.7-4.2%), 6.1% (95% CI 5.1-7.4%), 6.2% (95% CI 4.64-8.2) and 29.2% (95% CI 12.2-55.1), respectively. Study quality was overall low; only three studies detailed sample size calculation and 17/23 studies were cross sectional. Eight studies included genetic information on HBV, with two undertaking whole genome sequencing. Genotype A accounted for 92% of infections. Other genotypes included genotype D (6%), D/E recombinants (1%) or mixed populations (1%). Drug resistance mutations were reported by two studies. There is an urgent need for more high quality seroprevalence and genetic data to represent HBV in Kenya to underpin improved HBV screening, treatment and prevention in order to support progress towards elimination targets.

Published
2023
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17. COP27 Climate Change Conference: Urgent Action Needed for Africa and the World

Author

Chris Zielinski, Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory Erhabor, Aiah Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Yassien, Paul Yonga, and Lilia Zakhama

Subjects
climate emergency, global temperatures, environmental crisis, health, biodiversity, cop27, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Wealthy nations must step up support for Africa and vulnerable countries in addressing past, present and future impacts of climate change.

Published
2022
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18. Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency [version 1; peer review: not peer reviewed]

Author

Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Thomas Benfield, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Robert Mash, Peush Sahni, Wadeia Mohammad Sharief, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski, and Gregory E. Erhabor

Subjects
Editorial, Articles, environmental crisis, climate crisis, nature crisis
Abstract

Over 200 health journals call on the United Nations, political leaders, and health professionals to recognise that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to preserve health and avoid catastrophe. This overall environmental crisis is now so severe as to be a global health emergency.

Published
2023
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19. Reducing the Risks of Nuclear War— the Role of Health Professionals

Author

Abbasi, Kamran, primary, Ali, Parveen, additional, Barbour, Virginia, additional, Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten, additional, GM Olde Rikkert, Marcel, additional, Haines, Andy, additional, Helfand, Ira, additional, Horton, Richard, additional, Mash, Robert, additional, Mitra, Arun, additional, Monteiro, Carlos, additional, Naumova, Elena, additional, Rubin, Eric, additional, Ruff, Tilman, additional, Sahni, Peush, additional, Tumwine, James, additional, Yonga, Paul Yonga, additional, and Zielinski, Chris, additional

Published
2023
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20. COP27 climate change conference: Urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Friday Okonofua, Chris Zielinski, Lilia Zakhama, Paul Yonga, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, James Tumwine, Abdelmadjid Snouber, Siaka Sidibé, Maha El-Adawy, Arash Rashidian, Gregory E. Erhabor, David Ofori- Adjei, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, Joy Muhia, Bob Mash, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, James Kigera, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, Abraham Haileamlak, and Aiah A. Gbakima

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Abstract

No Abstract.

Published
2022
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21. <scp>COP27</scp> Climate Change Conference: urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory E. Erhabor, Aiah A. Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean‐Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn‐Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori‐Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El‐Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
General Mathematics
Published
2022
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22. Conferencia sobre Cambio Climático COP27: se necesita una acción urgente para África y el mundo

Author

Chris Zielinsky, Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory E. Erhabor, Aiah A. Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, and Lilia Zakhama

Published
2022
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23. COP27 Climate Change Conference: Urgent action needed for Africa and the World

Author

David Ofori-Adjei, Chris Zielinski, Lilia Zakhama, Paul Yonga, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, James Tumwine, Siaka Sidibé, Maha El- Adawy, Arash Rashidian, Friday Okonofua, Lukoye Atwole, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, Joy Muhia, Bob Mash, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, James Kigera, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, Abraham Haileamlak, Aiah A. Gbakima, and Gregory E. Erhabor

Abstract

No abstract.

Published
2022
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24. COP27 Climate Change Conference:‎ Urgent Action Needed for Africa and the ‎World

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory Erhabor, Aiah Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean- Marie Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday ‎ ‎Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
Computer Networks and Communications, Hardware and Architecture, Software
Published
2022
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25. COP27 Climate Change Conference :urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Abraham Haileamlak, Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory Erhabor, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn Langton, Joy Muhia, David Ofori-Adjei Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
General Engineering, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract

The 2022 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) paints a dark picture of the future of life on earth, characterised by ecosystem collapse, species extinction, and climate hazards such as heatwaves and floods (1). These are all linked to physical and mental health problems, with direct and indirect consequences of increased morbidity and mortality.COP27 is the fifth Conference of the Parties (COP) to be organised in Africa since its inception in 1995. Ahead of this meeting, we—as health journal editors from across the continent—call for urgent action to ensure it is the COP that finally delivers climate justice for Africa and vulnerable countries. This is essential not just for the health of those countries, but for the health of the whole world.

Published
2023
Full Text
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26. A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy

Author

Louise O. Downs, Cori Campbell, Paul Yonga, George Githinji, M. Azim Ansari, Philippa C. Matthews, and Anthony O. Etyang

Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine, Immunology, Infectious Disease, Genetics & Genomics
Abstract

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate available prevalence and viral sequencing data representing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in Kenya. More than 20% of the global disease burden from CHB is in Africa, however there is minimal high quality seroprevalence data from individual countries and little viral sequencing data available to represent the continent. We undertook a systematic review of the prevalence and genetic data available for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Kenya using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. We identified 23 studies reporting HBV prevalence and 8 studies that included HBV genetic data published in English between January 2000 and December 2021. We assessed study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. Due to study heterogeneity, we divided the studies to represent low, moderate, high and very high-risk for HBV infection, identifying 8, 7, 5 and 3 studies in these groups, respectively. We calculated pooled HBV prevalence within each group and evaluated available sequencing data. Pooled HBV prevalence was 3.4% (95% CI 2.7–4.2%), 6.1% (95% CI 5.1–7.4%), 6.2% (95% CI 4.64–8.2) and 29.2% (95% CI 12.2–55.1), respectively. Study quality was overall low; only three studies detailed sample size calculation and 17/23 studies were cross sectional. Eight studies included genetic information on HBV, with two undertaking whole genome sequencing. Genotype A accounted for 92% of infections. Other genotypes included genotype D (6%), D/E recombinants (1%) or mixed populations (1%). Drug resistance mutations were reported by two studies. There is an urgent need for more high quality seroprevalence and genetic data to represent HBV in Kenya to underpin improved HBV screening, treatment and prevention in order to support progress towards elimination targets.

Published
2023
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27. COP27 Climate Change Conference: urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Lukoye, Atwoli, Gregory E, Erhabor, Aiah A, Gbakima, Abraham, Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe, Ntumba, James, Kigera, Laurie, Laybourn-Langton, Bob, Mash, Joy, Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis, Mulaudzi, David, Ofori-Adjei, Friday, Okonofua, Arash, Rashidian, Siaka, Sidibé, Abdelmadjid, Snouber, James, Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar, Yassien, Paul, Yonga, Lilia, Zakhama, and Chris, Zielinski

Published
2022

28. COP27 Climate Change Conference: Urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Lukoye, Atwole, Gregory E, Erhabor, Aiah A, Gbakima, Abraham, Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe, Ntumba, James, Kigera, Laurie, Laybourn-Langton, Bob, Mash, Joy, Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis, Mulaudzi, David, Ofori-Adjei, Friday, Okonofua, Arash, Rashidian, Siaka, Sidibé, Abdelmadjid, Snouber, James, Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar, Yassien, Paul, Yonga, Lilia, Zakhama, and Chris, Zielinski

Published
2022

29. EDITORIAL COP27 Climate Change Conference: urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory E Erhabor, Aiah A Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James K Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
NIL, General Medicine
Abstract

NIL.

Published
2022

30. COP27 Climate Change conference: Urgent action needed for Africa and the world

Author

Lukoye Atwole, Gregory E. Erhabor, Aiah A. Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Friday Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
General Chemical Engineering
Abstract

No abstract

Published
2022

31. COP27 Climate Change Conference: urgent action needed for Africa and the world: Wealthy nations must step up support for Africa and vulnerable countries in addressing past, present and future impacts of climate change

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory E. Erhabor, Aiah A. Gbakima, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Robert Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Malaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Fricay Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, and Chris Zielinski

Subjects
Health (social science), Health Information Management, Leadership and Management, Climate Change, Health Policy, Africa, Humans, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, General Nursing, Forecasting
Published
2022

32. A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy

Author

Louise O Downs, Cori Campbell, Paul Yonga, M. Azim Ansari, Philippa C Matthews, and Anthony O. Etyang

Abstract

More than 20% of the global disease burden from chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) is in Africa, however there is minimal high quality seroprevalence data from individual countries and little viral sequencing data available to represent the continent. We undertook a systematic review of the prevalence and genetic data available for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Kenya using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. We identified 23 studies reporting HBV prevalence and 25 studies that included HBV genetic data published in English between January 2000 and December 2021. We assessed study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. Due to study heterogeneity, we divided the studies to represent low, moderate, high and very high-risk for HBV infection. We calculated pooled HBV prevalence within each group and evaluated available sequencing data. We also assessed whether reported HBV biomarkers could be applied to determine treatment eligibility. Eight studies were identified in the low-risk group, seven in the moderate risk group, five in the high-risk group and three in the very high-risk group for HBV infection. Pooled HBV prevalence was 3.31% (95% CI 2.62-4.01%), 5.58% (95% CI 3.46-7.7%), 6.17% (95% CI 4.4-9.94) and 31.39% (95% CI 9.5-53.09) respectively. Study quality was overall low, representing a small geographical location or a limited population subset. Only three studies detailed sample size calculation and 17/23 studies were cross sectional. Eight studies included genetic information on HBV, representing 247 individuals. Six studies sequenced one or two genes; two undertook whole genome sequencing, representing 22 participants. 92% people were infected with genotype A. Other genotypes included genotype D (6%), D/E recombinants (1%) or mixed populations (1%). Drug resistance mutations were reported by two studies. Seven studies presented additional biomarkers alongside HBsAg, however none provided sufficient information to deduce treatment eligibility.

Published
2022
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33. Setting Research Priorities for Resource-Limited Settings in Times of Great Uncertainty: Where to Begin with COVID-19 Global Clinical Epidemiology?

Author

Christopher L. Moore, Giordano Pérez-Gaxiola, Luz Angela Torres, Richard Ssekitoleko, Juan Carlos Villar, Paul Yonga, Stellah G. Mpagama, Shai Linn, and Anna Mia Ekström

Subjects
International research, History, Polymers and Plastics, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Research needs, Clinical epidemiology, Public relations, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Political science, Pandemic, Global health, Business and International Management, Indirect impact, business, Limited resources
Abstract

In rapidly evolving global situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic, research needs to incorporate the realities of different global contexts. Identifying knowledge gaps and setting research priorities in different global contexts helps to effectively direct resources and scientific efforts towards the most pressing needs, including relevant public health interventions to tackle the direct and indirect impact of the pandemic. Collaborative international research initiatives such as the COVID-19 Clinical Research Coalition are necessary to confront both the current pandemic and prepare for future outbreaks. As evidenced by this Clinical Epidemiology Working Group (WG), the COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the importance of global communication to optimize evidence-based thinking and collaboration. We present here a list of prioritized research questions in clinical epidemiology that aims to streamline COVID-19 research priority areas for low-resource settings.

Published
2021
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36. Reducing the Risks of Nuclear War – The Role of Health Professionals

Author

Kamran Abbasi , Parveen Ali , Virginia Barbour , Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo , Marcel GM Olde Rikkert , Andy Haines , Ira Helfand , Richard Horton , Bob Mash , Arun Mitra , Carlos Monteiro , Elena N Naumova , Eric J Rubin , Tilman Ruff , Peush Sahni , James Tumwine , Paul Yonga , Chris Zielinski

Subjects
Not available, Medicine
Abstract

Not available

Published
2023
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37. COP27 Climate Change Conference: Urgent Action Needed for Africa and the World

Author

Lukoye Atwoli, Gregory E Erhabor, Aiah A Gbakima, Sierra Leone, Abraham Haileamlak, Jean-Marie Kayembe Ntumba, James Kigera, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Joy Muhia, Fhumulani Mavis Mulaudzi, David Ofori-Adjei, Okonofua, Arash Rashidian, Maha El-Adawy, Siaka Sidibé, Abdelmadjid Snouber, James Tumwine, Mohammad Sahar Yassien, Paul Yonga, Lilia Zakhama, Chris Zielinski

Subjects
Not Available, Medicine
Abstract

Not Available

Published
2023
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