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5. "We should be treated like we are somebody": Building supportive relationships with LGBTQ foster youth.

Author

Paul, June C. and Cruys, Caro

Subjects
LGBTQ+ youth, CHILD welfare, CHILD welfare workers, FOSTER home care, CLIENT relations, SOCIAL services
Abstract

Objective: This study uses in‐depth interviews and ecomapping techniques to explore LGBTQ youths' relationships with child welfare professionals and other affiliated, nonparental adults (CWP/ANPAs) who play a primary role in providing them with care and services. Background: Supportive relationships with caring adults are essential in reducing minority stress impacts and improving outcomes for LGBTQ foster youth, who often face victimization affecting their access to support. However, limited knowledge exists regarding LGBTQ foster youths' relationships with CWP/ANPAs and the role of relational support in their identity disclosure and access to appropriate care and services. Method: Twenty‐one LGBTQ foster youth, aged 17 to 21, participated in interviews and constructed visual diagrams of their relationships with CWP/ANPAs. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis. Results: Findings highlight the need for CWP/ANPAs to improve relationships with LGBTQ foster youth. These improvements can be achieved through engagement in attitudes and practices that facilitate relationship development (e.g., empathy, respect, affirmation, knowledge, responsiveness), and reduce existing barriers (e.g., neglect, discrimination, mistreatment, lack of knowledge, fear of rejection). Conclusions: To provide better support LGBTQ foster youth, CWP/ANPAs and child welfare agencies should increase their knowledge and skills, be more responsive to LGBTQ youths' specific needs, and implement inclusive policies and practice standards. Implications: CWP/ANPAs and agencies working with LGBTQ foster youth must develop an awareness and understanding of the strengths, needs, and challenges of LGBTQ foster youth to reduce stigma, bias, and discrimination in the foster care system and engage in affirming actions and practices that create a more inclusive environment for this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. A Cross-National Review of Policies and Practices Affecting LGBTQ+ Youth in Child Welfare

Author

Langarita, Jose Antonio, Santos, Ana Cristina, Montenegro, Marisela, Urek, Mojca, Paul, June, Lopez Lopez, Monica, Gonzalez Alvarez, Rodrigo, ten Brummelaar, Mijntje, Wieldraaijer-Vincent, Leo, Langarita, Jose Antonio, Santos, Ana Cristina, Montenegro, Marisela, Urek, Mojca, Paul, June, Lopez Lopez, Monica, Gonzalez Alvarez, Rodrigo, ten Brummelaar, Mijntje, and Wieldraaijer-Vincent, Leo

Abstract

This chapter analyses how policies and practices in the U.S. and the Netherlands affect the lives of LGBTQ+ youth. We first present an overview of the situation of LGBTQ+ youth in the child welfare system (CWS), and the national and administrative policies and practices in both countries. Despite the gains of the last years in terms of LGBTQ+ rights, we face a current backlash of anti-LGBTQ+ laws and an increase in anti-LGBTQ+ rhetoric. These anti-LGBTQ+ movements impact the well-being of all LGBTQ+ youth, but especially that of LGBTQ+ youth in care. Care professionals responsible for youths’ well-being are also exposed and influenced by this anti-LGBTQ+ rhetoric, affecting their willingness to offer affirmative care. Secondly, we explore recent studies with LGBTQ+ youth in the CWS in the Netherlands that shed light on the ways to create safe and affirming care environments. Thirdly, based on a study with LGBTQ+ youth in the CWS in the U.S., we explore youth perceptions and recommendations to create a safe and affirming environment. The chapter ends with a number of recommendations for policymakers, care professionals and agencies to ensure that care environments offer appropriate care for LGBTQ+ youth.

Published
2023

12. Protecting LGBTQ+ Children and Youth

Author

Krugman, Richard D., Korbin, Jill E., Mallon, Gerald P., Paul, June C., Lopez Lopez, Monica, Krugman, Richard D., Korbin, Jill E., Mallon, Gerald P., Paul, June C., and Lopez Lopez, Monica

Abstract

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ+) children and adolescents, an often-invisible population, frequently viewed as “different” by their own families and in fact by society as a whole, are at high risk for neglect, abuse, and violence from family members and from within the child welfare systems that are designed to protect them. Self-identified LGBTQ+ children and youth, and those perceived to be because of gender expansiveness, reported that they were the victims of abuse, neglect, and violence. LGBTQ+ youth are disproportionately impacted by multiple forms of trauma, including physical abuse, sexual abuse, dating violence, sexual assault, and peer violence. The practices of child protection have made significant contributions to how systems respond to maltreated youth’s needs. However, LGBTQ+ youth are largely excluded from many child protection conversations.

Published
2022

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