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Проведено исследование вариабельности сердечного ритма у молодых здоровых лиц с различными типологическими особенностями личности. Установлено, что исходно более высокий уровень функционирования регуляторных механизмов у лиц с выраженным компонентом интенсивности поведения, особенно у женщин, не обеспечивает типичных реакций на функциональную нагрузку и ограничивает эффективность адаптационных процессов. Сделано заключение, что темпераментальные особенности влияют на уровень напряженности функционирования органов и систем организма, его адаптивных возможностей. Сопоставление данных ЭЭГ с данными психологического тестирования выявило у мужчин в левом полушарии, а у женщин в обоих полушариях усиление амплитуды в альфа-диапазоне в группах с низко эмоциональным типами темперамента и относительно меньшую амплитуду бета-ритма у среднеэмоциональных субъектов. Research of variability of an intimate rhythm at young healthy persons with various typological features of the person is lead (carried out). It is established, that initially higher level of functioning regulators mechanisms at persons with the expressed component of intensity of behaviour, it is especial at women, does not provide typical reactions to functional loading and limits efficiency of adaptable processes. The conclusion is made, that temperamental features influence a level of intensity of functioning of bodies and systems of an organism, its adaptive opportunities. Research of data EEG with the data of psychological testing has revealed at men in the left hemisphere, and at women in both hemispheres amplification of amplitude in an alpha-range in groups with low emotional types of temperament and rather smaller amplitude of a beta-rhythm at media emotional subjects. Караваева Е.Н., аспирант кафедры физиологии им. профессора А.Т. Пшоника, Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого (Красноярск); e-mail karavaevae@mail.ru Karavaeva E.N., the post-graduate student of chair of physiology it. of professor A.T. Pshonika of Krasnoyarsk State medical university of professor V.F. Vojno-Jasenetsky (Krasnoyarsk); e-mail: karavaevae@mail.ru. Солдатова О.Г., доцент кафедры физиологии им. профессора А.Т. Пшоника, Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого (Красноярск). Soldatova O.G., the senior lecturer of chair of physiology it. of professor A.T. Pshonika of Krasnoyarsk state medical university of professor V.F. Vojno-Jasenetsky (Krasnoyarsk). Пац Ю.С., профессор кафедры физиологии им. профессора А.Т. Пшоника, Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого (Красноярск). Patz J.S., the professor of chair of physiology it. of professor A.T. Pshonika of Krasnoyarsk State medical university of professor V.F.Vojno-Jasenetsky (Krasnoyarsk). Савченков Ю.И., доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры физиологии им. профессора А.Т. Пшоника, Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого (Красноярск); e-mail: uis_70@mail.ru Savchenkov J.I., the doctor of medical sciences, the professor of chair of physiology it. of professor A.T. Pshonika of Krasnoyarsk State medical university of professor V.F. Vojno-Jasenetsky (Krasnoyarsk); e-mail: uis_70@mail.ru

Climate changes are altering patterns of temperature and precipitation, potentially affecting regions of malaria transmission. We show that areas of the Amazon Basin with few wetlands show a variable relationship between precipitation and malaria, while areas with extensive wetlands show a negative relationship with malaria incidence.

Anthropogenic land use changes drive a range of infectious disease outbreaks and emergence events and modify the transmission of endemic infections. These drivers include agricultural encroachment, deforestation, road construction, dam building, irrigation, wetland modification, mining, the concentration or expansion of urban environments, coastal zone degradation, and other activities. These changes in turn cause a cascade of factors that exacerbate infectious disease emergence, such as forest fragmentation, disease introduction, pollution, poverty, and human migration. The Working Group on Land Use Change and Disease Emergence grew out of a special colloquium that convened international experts in infectious diseases, ecology, and environmental health to assess the current state of knowledge and to develop recommendations for addressing these environmental health challenges. The group established a systems model approach and priority lists of infectious diseases affected by ecologic degradation. Policy relevant levels of the model include specific health risk factors, landscape or habitat change, and institutional (economic and behavioral) levels. The group recommended creating Centers of ExceHence in Ecology and Health Research and Training, based at regional universities and/or research institutes with close links to the surrounding communities. The centers' objectives would be 3-fold: a) to provide information to local communities about the links between environmental change and public health; b) to facilitate fully interdisciplinary research from a variety of natural, social, and health sciences and train professionals who can conduct interdisciplinary research; and c) to engage in science-based communication and assessment for policy making toward sustainable health and ecosystems.

Current evidence suggests that inter-annual and inter-decadal climate variability have a direct influence on the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases. This evidence has been assessed at the continental level in order to determine the possible consequences of the expected future climate change. By 2100 it is estimated that average global temperatures will have risen by 1.0-3.5 degrees C, increasing the likelihood of many vector-borne diseases in new areas. The greatest effect of climate change on transmission is likely to be observed at the extremes of the range of temperatures at which transmission occurs. For many diseases these lie in the range 14-18 degrees C at the lower end and about 35-40 degrees C at the upper end. Malaria and dengue fever are among the most important vector-borne diseases in the tropics and subtropics; Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the USA and Europe. Encephalitis is also becoming a public health concern. Health risks due to climatic changes will differ between countries that have developed health infrastructures and those that do not. Human settlement patterns in the different regions will influence disease trends. While 70% of the population in South America is urbanized, the proportion in sub-Saharan Africa is less than 45%. Climatic anomalies associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon and resulting in drought and floods are expected to increase in frequency and intensity. They have been linked to outbreaks of malaria in Africa, Asia and South America. Climate change has far-reaching consequences and touches on all life-support systems. It is therefore a factor that should be placed high among those that affect human health and survival.

Cardiovascular effects of high dose opioid together with low dose inhalant were compared with inhalant alone to determine whether opioid/inhalant techniques were less depressant on the cardiovascular system. The effects of positive pressure ventilation and increasing heart rate to a more physiological level were also studied. Cardiovascular measurements recorded during administration of enflurane at 1.3 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC; 2.89 +/- 0.02%) to spontaneously breathing dogs (time 1) and during controlled ventilation [arterial carbon dioxide tension at 40 +/- 3 mmHg (time 2)] were similar. At time 2, mixed venous oxygen tension and arterial and mixed venous carbon dioxide tensions were significantly decreased, while arterial and mixed venous pH were significantly increased compared to measurements at time 1. After administration of fentanyl to achieve plasma fentanyl concentration of 71.7 +/- 14.4 ng/mL and reduction of enflurane concentration to yield 1.3 MAC multiple (0.99 +/- 0.01%), heart rate significantly decreased, while mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, stroke index, and systemic vascular resistance index increased compared to measurements taken at times 1 and 2. Pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure was significantly increased compared to measurements taken at time 2. After administration of atropine until heart rate was 93 +/- 5 beats/min (plasma fentanyl concentration 64.5 +/- 13.5 ng/mL) heart rate, mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, oxygen delivery index, and venous admixture increased significantly compared to values obtained at all other times.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)