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The main aims of the paper are to asses and evaluate the effectiveness of environmental economics efforts on increasing the convergence between the EU and Romania in terms of environmental protection, from an economic perspective, using a cluster analysis applied for all the EU28 Member States (MS). In the paper are constructed seven clusters considering five determinant and topic related variables by using Hierarchical Clustering methodology, starting from the hypothesis of identifying presumptive environmental economic patterns among all the EU-28 countries. The results obtained during the research confirm the existence of determinant and significant elements that shapes a proactive environmental protection policy by grouping the MS in appropriate clusters. The paper suggested also that, despite of important financial efforts related to environmental protection and resilience, there is still a small impact on GDP growth.

In highly competitive and modern economies, water represents a determinant productive resource and using the water footprint (WF) as a possible indicator in assessing sustainable development is integrated in the overall framework of macroeconomic efficiency analysis. The main aim of this paper is to argue that water footprint could represent a proper indicator in analyzing the sustainable economic development. In this context the territorial distribution of water footprint across the 28 EU countries is analyzed in order to substantiate decisions and achieve sustainable economic development forecasts and strategies at European level. The results have led to the conclusion that, overall, the total water footprint of national consumption in the 28 EU Member States has a very low degree of concentration, therefore, tends towards uniformity. With regard to the three types of water footprint, the main characteristic outcome of the research is the low degree of concentration for gray and green water footprint, while blue water footprint proves a moderate degree of concentration.

The main aims of the paper are to asses and evaluate the effectiveness of environmental economics efforts on increasing the convergence between the EU and Romania in terms of environmental protection, from an economic perspective, using a cluster analysis applied for all the EU- 28 Member States (MS). In the paper are constructed seven clusters considering five determinant and topic related variables by using Hierarchical Clustering methodology, starting from the hypothesis of identifying presumptive environmental economic patterns among all the EU-28 countries. The results obtained during the research confirm the existence of determinant and significant elements that shapes a proactive environmental protection policy by grouping the MS in appropriate clusters. The paper suggested also that, despite of important financial efforts related to environmental protection and resilience, there is still a small impact on GDP growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In highly competitive and modern economies, water represents a determinant productive resource and using the water footprint (WF) as a possible indicator in assessing sustainable development is integrated in the overall framework of macroeconomic efficiency analysis. The main aim of this paper is to argue that water footprint could represent a proper indicator in analyzing the sustainable economic development. In this context the territorial distribution of water footprint across the 28 EU countries is analyzed in order to substantiate decisions and achieve sustainable economic development forecasts and strategies at European level. The results have led to the conclusion that, overall, the total water footprint of national consumption in the 28 EU Member States has a very low degree of concentration, therefore, tends towards uniformity. With regard to the three types of water footprint, the main characteristic outcome of the research is the low degree of concentration for gray and green water footprint, while blue water footprint proves a moderate degree of concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the contemporary world, ICT has become omnipresent. Not only the younger generation, but also the other categories of the population uses it in their daily activity, on the one hand. On the other hand, however, in many counties, the education and, especially, the pre-university education remained deficient regarding the endowment of schools with personal computers (PCs) and other ICT. Based on this observation, this paper analyses the endowment with PCs of pre-university educational institutions at county level and their grouping by the average number of existing PCs. The paper emphasizes the major differences that exist between counties, in this regard.

Using Information Technologies in organizations represents an evident progress for company, money economy, time economy and generates value for the organization. In this paper the author proposes to model the business processes for an organization that manages projects costs, because modelling is an important part of any software development process. Using software for projects costs management is essential because it allows the management of all operations according to the established parameters, the management of the projects groups, as well as the management of the projects and subprojects, at different complexity levels.

The green energy production is an imperative of the sustainable development. In this context, the energy production based on solar radiation is an important alternative. Taking into account these aspects, the paper analyses the evolutions of primary productions of solar thermal and solar photovoltaic energy between 2000 and 2015 both in absolute values and in per capita values. The results of the analyses emphasize the exponential development of the productions of these types of energy. They also highlight the existence and even the emphasizing of the Europe Union productions concentration in some states like Spain and Germany that have produced 73.96% of the primary production of solar thermal energy in 2015, respectively Germany and Italy that have produced 62.2% of the primary production of solar photovoltaic energy, in the same year.