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Background: Investigations have shown the different impacts that ACEs have on an individual’s adult life, on both physical and mental health, but they have not yet shown the issue of the influence of ACEs on adults and young adults. Objective/Participants and Setting: This systematic review, performed according to the PRISMA norms and guidelines, intended to understand the most frequent outcomes of adverse childhood experiences in the life of young adults and adults. Methods: Studies were identified through multiple literature search databases at EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and PubMed April 2023, and a total of 279 studies, published between 1999 and 2002, were excluded, 256 because of multiple factors: being duplicates, showing statistical analysis with correlations only, being systematic reviews or case studies, comprising individuals under the age of 18, and not meeting the intended theme; ultimately, we selected for the review a total of 23 studies. Results and Conclusions: The impacts of the various articles are subdivided into three main themes: antisocial and criminal behaviour; sexual Behaviour and intimate partner violence; and attachment, quality of life, and therapeutic alliance.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies and venous and arterial thrombotic events, including obstetric complications. We describe the case of a 56-year-old female diagnosed with APS with triple antibody positivity and multiple disease-associated manifestations, namely recurrent purpuric lesions, adrenal insufficiency due to infarction, acalculous cholecystitis, and three spontaneous abortions. Her follow-up was marked by severe thrombotic and haemorrhagic events, notably splanchnic vein thrombosis and haemorrhagic shock after a renal biopsy, as well as the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus 8 years after the APS diagnosis. Chronic anticoagulation with enoxaparin, with dosage guided by anti-factor Xa activity, resulted in stability without complications over 17 years. This case emphasizes the importance of personalized therapeutic strategies and close monitoring in patients with APS.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in women of reproductive age. It is a multifactorial disease with endocrinological, genetic, and environmental factors playing a role in its pathophysiology. The main diagnostic criteria include the presence of hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. Women with PCOS present a variety of signs and symptoms, as well as an increased risk of metabolic, cardiovascular, and reproductive disorders. This syndrome has an important psychological impact, and it is associated with a decreased quality of life. The dermatological manifestations, due to hyperandrogenism, include hirsutism, acne, and androgenetic alopecia. These manifestations provide clues for PCOS diagnosis, and early treatment is essential to improve the quality of life and well-being of patients. Thus, as part of a multidisciplinary approach, dermatologists play an essential role in the diagnosis and treatment of women with PCOS. Treatment includes hormonal therapy to control hyperandrogenism and non-hormonal therapy for each dermatological manifestation.

Childhood maltreatment is the strongest predictor of psychopathology and personality disorders across the lifespan and is strongly associated with a variety of psychological problems, namely, mood and anxiety disorders, behavioral and personality disorders, substance abuse, aggression, and self-harm. In this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive picture of the interplay between different traits of psychopathy and distinct dimensions of childhood maltreatment, emotion regulation, and aggression. Using a cross-sectional design, we employed correlational network analysis to explore the nomological network of psychopathy and provide a sample-based estimate of the population parameters reflecting the direction, strength, and patterns of relationships between variables. The sample consisted of 846 adults (71% females) who completed questionnaires measuring psychopathy, childhood maltreatment, emotion regulation, and aggression. The results highlight that disinhibition traits of psychopathy are the closest attributes of early experiences of abuse (but not neglect) in childhood and correlate with all dimensions of emotion regulation difficulties, being specifically associated with reactive aggression. Neglect was a unique attribute in the nomological network of meanness, with widespread correlations with emotion regulation difficulties but also an increased ability to engage in goal-directed behavior. Physical abuse was the only dimension of childhood adversity that was found to be intercorrelated with boldness and increased emotional regulation was found in this psychopathic trait. No significant associations were found between boldness, meanness, and aggression once shared variance with disinhibition was controlled. These results are discussed in terms of their implication for research and clinical practice.

Abstract The cleaning or removal of manganese stains on Cultural Heritage has not been much tested or successful so far. The aim of this article was to assess a new green cleaning gel for Mn-rich black-blue stains on different substrates. The black-blue stains were characterized at optical and chemical level through colour-related data, optical microscope, FTIR, XRF and XPS. Mn-stained granite found on historical churches at Vila Real (North of Portugal) and glass jars of Leclanché cells, belonging to the ISEP’s Museum (Portugal) collection, were the ideal case studies to test the efficiency of chitosan: thiourea dioxide (TD) cleaning gel. TD proved to be the best candidate to reduce insoluble manganese oxides, over Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride and Hydroxymethanesulfinic Acid. Cleaning assays performed on stained granite samples collected at a historical quarry and in situ application on stained granite churches allowed removal of the stains to a satisfactory level. Similar results were obtained on stained glass jars.

With the increase in global life expectancy, maintaining health into old age becomes a challenge, and research has thus concentrated on various strategies which aimed to mitigate the effects of skin aging. Aromatic plants stand out as promising sources of anti-aging compounds due to their secondary metabolites, particularly essential oils (EOs). The aim of this study was to ascribe to Ferulago lutea EO several biological activities that could be useful in the context of skin aging. The EO was obtained using hydrodistillation and characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. The effect on cell migration was disclosed using scratch wound assay. Lipogenesis was induced using T0901317, hyperpigmentation with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxantine (IBMX) and senescence with etoposide. Our results show that the EO was characterized mainly by α-pinene and limonene. The EO was able to decrease nitric oxide (NO) release as well as iNOS and pro-IL-1β protein levels. The EO promoted wound healing while decreasing lipogenesis and having depigmenting effects. The EO also reduced senescence-associated β-galactosidase, p21/p53 protein levels and the nuclear accumulation of γH2AX. Overall, our study highlights the properties of F. lutea EO that make it a compelling candidate for dermocosmetics applications.

Inspired by the principles of the circular economy, using vineyard pruning residues as a source of raw materials for producing nanocellulose is a promising approach to transforming vineyard resources into value-added products. This study aimed to obtain and characterize cellulose and cellulose nanofibers from such sources. The cellulose collected from different fractions of micronized stems (500, 300, 150 μm, and retain) of vines was submitted to autohydrolysis and finally bleached. Soon, it underwent treatment via (2,2,6,6-tetrametil-piperidi-1-nil)oxil (TEMPO) oxidation and ultrasonic to obtain nanocellulose fibers. The cellulose films were obtained at a microscale thickness of 0.05 ± 0.00; 0.37 ± 0.03; 0.06 ± 0.01 e 0.030 ± 0.01 mm, with the following particle size: 500 µm, 300 µm, 150 µm, and retain (

The purpose of this study was to assess the extraction of cellulose from stalks of vines using auto-hydrolysis and characterize it. As the results obtained, the colorimeter readings displayed a final yellow color of the fiber, demonstrating that the bleaching process was insufficient and that multiple bleaching processes might be required. According to the FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) data, there were stretching and deformation vibrationsof characteristic peak that represent cellulose (2900, 1500, and 1200 cm−1). Although lignin and hemicellulose were partially removed according to the FTIR, distinct cellulose yields were achieved for each fraction, including fractions 500, 300, 250, 150 µm, and retain, with values of 21.98, 12.70, 7.20, 5.74, and 3.11%, respectively. In sum, we were able to extract cellulose from the stalk vine, although the last step still needs to be optimized for better whitening.

Research background. Drying represents a viable unit operation for the preservation of food. Convective drying is the most used method for plant materials. However, it can result in negative changes in food nutrient composition, and other quality parameters, besides requiring high energy consumption. Pretreatments can represent an alternative to minimise these negative aspects of dried materials. This work aims to evaluate the use of ethanol and ultrasound before pineapple convective drying and its effect on the product´s colour, water activity, ascorbic acid and total carotenoid contents. Experimental approach. For the pretreatment step, fruit samples were immersed in ethanol solutions of different volume fractions, and experiments were carried out for 10 min with and without using ultrasound (25 kHz). Fruit samples were dried at 60 ºC. A control group (without the pretreatment step) was also dried under the same condition. Semi-theoretical models were used for drying data fitting, and the diffusional model was used to describe the moisture transfer and calculate the effective diffusivity. Water activity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and colour analyses were performed. Results and conclusions. The combination of ethanol and ultrasound as a pretreatment reduced the drying time of pineapple. Higher effective moisture diffusivities were obtained when ethanol and ultrasound were applied before drying. The two-term exponential model presented the best fit for drying experimental data. The dried samples had a darker colour than the fresh sample. The pretreatment with ethanol resulted in increased retention of the studied bioactive components. The satisfactory results of this study represent an improvement in the drying process. Novelty and scientific contribution. Ultrasound and ethanol as a pretreatment to convective drying are promising. However, each food matrix has a typical structure and composition. Therefore, the application of the pretreatment in other products or using other conditions is still necessary to deeply understand and explain their effect on the process and the quality of the dried products.

Research background: Drying is one of the most traditional processes of food preservation. Optimizing the process can result in a competitive product on the market regarding its price and quality. A common method in use as a pretreatment to drying is ultrasound. The goal of this work is to analyze different drying methods with and without applying ultrasound (US) pretreatment, on heat and mass transfer, simulating numerically the temperature profile by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Experimental approach: The melon slices were pretreated with ultrasound for 10 (US10), 20 (US20) and 30 (US30) min at 25 kHz, and the water loss and solid gain were evaluated. Samples were dried at different temperatures (50, 60 and 70 °C). The effective diffusivity was estimated, and experimental data were modelled using empirical models. The airflow in the dryer and the temperature profile in the melon slice were simulated via computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Results and conclusions: Ultrasound pretreatment reduced the drying time from 25% (samples US20 and US30 at 50 °C) to 40% (samples US20 and US30 at 70 °C). The two-term exponential model presented the best fit to the experimental data, and the diffusivity coefficients showed a tendency to increase as the time of exposure of the melon to ultrasonic waves increased. Pretreatment water loss and solid gain behaviour and drying kinetic and diffusion data were used to choose the best experimental conditions to be simulated with CFD. The heat transfer modelling through CFD showed that the temperature distribution along the melon slice was representative. Therefore, the profile obtained via CFD satisfactorily describes the drying process. Novelty and scientific contribution: The use of simulation tools in real processes allows the monitoring and improvement of existing technologies, such as food drying processes, that involve complex mechanisms, making it difficult to obtain some data. Application of CFD in the drying processes of fruits and vegetables is still very recent, being a field little explored. There is no record in the literature that uses CFD in the drying of melon.

Este artigo foca o retorno do projeto museográfico de Lina Bo Bardi para as pinturas do Museu de Arte de São Paulo, MASP (Brasil), um dos museus mais importantes do hemisfério sul, graças ao seu acervo de arte europeia. Analisam-se a evolução da conservação das pinturas através das diferentes tipologias e sistemas de proteção com vitrines, vidros, assim como proteções do reverso, utilizados em pinturas ao longo de 50 anos, com o propósito de preservação durante exposições de longa duração e empréstimos entre museus. Se debatem os possíveis problemas de conservação derivados do fechamento das pinturas em microclimas, os efeitos dos contaminantes e da humidade relativa.

Abstract Background Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is the most common cause of orofacial and cervical skull pain and is considered to be a public health problem, affecting 5% to 12% of the world population. TMD is multifactorial and there are several types of treatment, with the conservative types being indicated more often as they are less aggressive and reversible. The main aim of these treatments is to relieve symptoms, reduce of pain, and restore orofacial and cervical skull functions. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), a noninvasive therapy, is an option for the management of musculoskeletal disorders due to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative effects. Methods The aim of the proposed study is to verify whether PBMT is effective for use in palliative care of TMD and orofacial and cervical skull pain. A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial is proposed. This study will involve 200 adult participants (over 18 years of age) who will be randomly divided into two groups (n = 100): Group 1, active treatment (PBMT); and Group 2, placebo. Participants will be subjected to three sessions of PBMT or placebo and will be evaluated using the research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for TMD. Pain level (measured by a visual analog scale (VAS)), mandibular movements (measured by ruler and caliper), quality of life (measured by the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14), and quality of sleep (measured by the Epworth scale) will be recorded. This study is being conducted at the Special Laboratory of Lasers in Dentistry (LELO) of the School of Dentistry of the University of Sao Paulo (USP). Discussion This study will verify whether PBMT is effective in reducing TMD and orofacial and cervical skull pain. PBMT may be an option for the management of musculoskeletal disorders due to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative effects, in addition to being a noninvasive technique. Trial registration Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos, RBR-9b6mnj. Registered on 27 March 2018. Trial registry name: Laser de baixa potência no cuidado paliativo da disfunção temporomandibular e dor crânio orofacial e cervical. Ethics committee: #1774930 approved on 14 October 2016.

Resumo O trabalho interprofissional é necessário para a consolidação do modelo de atenção à saúde, porém o cirurgião-dentista encontra muitos desafios para trabalhar em equipe. Este estudo objetivou conhecer o interprofissionalismo, no âmbito da saúde bucal, entre os trabalhadores graduados da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Tratou-se de um estudo exploratório e transversal, com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido com 39 profissionais graduados da Atenção Básica do município de Icó, Ceará, Brasil. Os sujeitos pesquisados declararam uma deficiência na manutenção técnica nas unidades, a recorrente falta de insumos e a demanda excessiva de usuários como elementos que prejudicam o trabalho em equipe, assim como a inexistência de um plano de cargos, carreiras e salários, sendo um motivo de descontentamento entre os profissionais. Todos consideraram importante o trabalho interprofissional e sugeriram reuniões periódicas, atividades compartilhadas mais frequentes e capacitações como forma de intensificar essa ação. Apesar de o trabalho interprofissional ser reconhecido como fundamental para as ações de cuidado, é necessário mais comprometimento e apoio da gestão.

Abstract Red beet (or beetroot) is highly nutritious and can be preserved by drying, in order to avoid wastage, to take advantage of crop surpluses, and to add value during the off-season. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of osmotic dehydration (OD) and ultrasound (US) pre-treatments on the nutritional quality and sensory characteristics of dried beetroot chips. The kinetics of moisture loss during OD and US were predicted by fitting the experimental data with thin-layer models. The physicochemical parameters (moisture, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, energy, ash, sodium and nitrate) and sensory properties (affective preference-ordering and acceptance test) were determined. Correlations between the treatments and the sensory acceptability evaluated by consumer’s perceptions were performed by applying unsupervised chemometric techniques (Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA)). The two-term exponential model provided the best fit for the experimental drying data. The US treatment promoted a higher drying rate and lower lipid, ash and energy values, while the OD process resulted in higher ash and sodium values. Multivariate analysis revealed that the US and OD treatments improved the sensory properties of the beetroot chips. The US was more efficient pre-treatment for producing beet chips due to its leads a significant reduction on drying time and intermediate level of sensory preference.

ABSTRACT Objetive To determine the percentage of correctness of the Orbital Index (OI) for estimation of sex, ancestry and age in Brazilian skulls. Methods Cross-sectional study of 183 human dry skulls from the southeastern Brazil. A total of 100 skeletons were males and 83 females; of which 36 were aged up to 39 years, 60 aged between 40 and 59 years, and 87 aged 60 years or older. As for ancestry, 103 were from white, 51 mixed race, and 29 black individuals. The OI was calculate by the formula = height/width x 100. The data were submitted to Student’s t test, F (ANOVA), Tukey and Kruskal Wallis tests as well as to discriminant analysis, with a 5% significance level. Results The sample was characterized as mesoseme, with a mean age of 56.62 (±19.97) years. No significant difference was observed (p=0.511) between the OI in females (right: 86.43 ± 6.58 and left: 86.70 ± 5.93) and males (right: 85.78 ± 6.69 and left: 86.37 ± 6.20). There were no significant differences between age, ancestry and the variables analyzed (p>0.05). The right and left orbital widths were significantly dimorphic between sexes (p

ABSTRACT The World Health Organization launched in May 2019 the new International Classification of Diseases (ICD), 11th revision. As a contribution to this transition, this article aims to present the main changes of the revised version of the classification and indicate the most pressing challenges. After 30 years of the ICD-10 publication, we identified significant challenges regarding the new classification, which was presented for adoption by several countries and will be in force in January 2022. The purpose of the preview is to allow countries to plan its use and train their professionals. The new version is completely digital, thus reducing notification errors and facilitating the dissemination and consolidation of this new version. The update highlights the advances in scientific understanding, and it demands structural actions and implementation efficiency from governments, so that everyone who deals with assistance can speak the same language, on a global scale.

Eucalyptus globulus is planted extensively for pulp, paper and wood production. Although bioactive compounds obtained from its biomass are used as cosmetics ingredients, the skin effects were not yet fully explored. In order to fill this gap, this work aimed to study the protective effect against skin damage provided by the essential oil (EO) obtained from the hydrodistillation of Eucalyptus globulus leaves, and by an extract obtained from the hydrodistillation residual water (HRW). The major compound identified in the EO was 1,8-Cineole, and the phenolic acids in the HRW included gallic acid as the main phenolic constituent. Moreover, non-toxic EO and HRW concentrations were shown to have anti-aging skin effects in vitro, decreasing age-related senescence markers, namely β-galactosidase and matrix metalloproteinases activation, as well as collagen type 1 upregulation. In addition, EO and HRW were found to exhibit depigmenting effects by inhibiting tyrosinase and melanin production, along with potent anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, the absence of skin irritation and sensitization in cells exposed to EO and HRW revealed the safety of both extracts for topical use. Taken together, these results highlight the beneficial effects of extracts obtained from Eucalyptus globulus biomass for skin aesthetic and health purposes, which should be explored deeply for the prediction of future pharmaceutical and dermocosmetics industrial applications.

Considerando a importância da saúde bucal em gestantes, este estudo pesquisou como funciona o Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS, no município de Passo Fundo - RS, na área de atendimento odontológico junto às enfermeiras responsáveis pelas unidades básicas de saúde, as quais são responsáveis pelo pré-natal. Verificou-se a realização e acompanhamento do pré-natal odontológico pelos cirurgiões dentistas com a finalidade de conhecer o tipo de informações transmitidas às gestantes sobre a importância do pré-natal odontológico, e também como os cirurgiões dentistas desenvolvem o atendimento odontológico durante o período gestacional, além de orientações em programas de atendimento coletivo. Diante disso pode-se observar que os cirurgiões dentistas que atuam nas unidades básicas de saúde da cidade de Passo Fundo - RS desenvolvem o pré-natal odontológico, porém não preconizam o atendimento coletivo com base nos programas que preveem organização de grupo de pacientes recebendo informações orientações através de palestras e outras atividades semelhantes. As conclusões apontaram que há atendimento nas unidades de saúde pública, todavia não há profissionais em número suficiente para atender a demanda e cumprir programação de atendimento preventivo coletivo.

No presente estudo descreve-se a centralidade do trabalho na perspectiva de mulheres brasileiras, com nível superior, de diferentes faixas etárias (20 a 29 anos, 30 a 39 anos, acima de 40 anos) e que trabalham em empresas privadas na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Este é um estudo qualitativo em que se utilizou a análise de conteúdo como método de pesquisa e teve-se como principal fonte de dados a entrevista em profundidade. A análise foi realizada em torno da dimensão centralidade do trabalho, que consiste na importância absoluta (valor atribuído ao trabalho dentro da vida do indivíduo) e relativa (valor atribuído a ele se comparado a outras esferas da vida, como família, amigos, lazer e religião, entre outras) do trabalho na vida de uma pessoa (MOW, 1987). Na pesquisa identificou-se que o trabalho remunerado é uma atividade central e importante na vida das entrevistadas. No entanto, verificou-se também que a relação afetiva e temporal com o trabalho passa por mudanças ao longo do tempo. À medida que as entrevistadas vão adquirindo maior maturidade e experiência, elas repensam suas prioridades e procuram, efetivamente, em maior ou menor medida, conciliar o trabalho com outras esferas de suas vidas. A maternidade parece contribuir significativamente para que desejem estabelecer novas dinâmicas cotidianas, podendo participar ativamente da criação de seus filhos e da rotina familiar. Palavras-chave: Centralidade do trabalho. Trabalhadoras. Empresas privadas. Diferentes faixas etárias. Pesquisa qualitativa. Abstract This study aimed to describe and analyze the centrality of work in the perspective of Brazilian women with higher education, from different age groups (20 to 29 years, 30 to 39 years, over 40 years), and working in private companies in the City of Rio de Janeiro. This is a qualitative study, and used content analysis as research method and in-depth interview as a primary source of data. The analysis was performed around the dimension centrality of work, which is the absolute importance (relevance assigned to work within the life of the individual) and the relative importance (relevance assigned to it compared to other spheres of life such as family, friends, leisure and religion, among others) of work in a person's life (MOW, 1987). The research identified that paid work is a central and important activity in the lives of the interviewees. However, it also found that the emotional and temporal relationship with the work changes over time. As the respondents acquire greater maturity and experience, they rethink their priorities, and effectively seek, at greater or lesser extent, to reconcile work with other spheres of their lives. Motherhood seems to contribute significantly to wishing to establish new daily dynamics and be able to actively participate in the upbringing of their children and family routine. Keywords: Centrality of work. Private organizations. Women workers. Age distribution. Qualitative analysis.

O mapeamento geológico, uma das atividades da exploração mineral, está associado a riscos e investimentos e é fundamental para a criação de valor na mineração. A metodologia de sua execução se orienta para o desenvolvimento de soluções que garantam a confiabilidade dos recursos e reservas. Das geotecnologias aplicadas ao processo, a que tem se mostrado mais decisiva é a dos SIG - Sistemas de Informações Geográficas, que viabiliza maior integração de dados e informações e maior objetividade na identificação de valor. Considerando também que os corpos minerais precisam ser apreendidos em toda a complexidade tridimensional de suas formas, a geovisualização se tornaria mais eficaz se ela se desse em três dimensões (3D), com a associação de imagens realísticas, configurando uma representação em realidade virtual - RV. A associação entre SIG e RV pode proporcionar um aperfeiçoamento às atividades de mapeamento geológico, na aquisição de dados e nas campanhas de campo e na análise, discussão e geovisualização dos resultados do processo. Neste sentido, o objetivo dos trabalhos aqui reportados é identificar as instâncias do processo que podem ser aprimoradas com a aplicação das geotecnologias. Este trabalho contemplou uma avaliação pragmática da exploração mineral e da pesquisa geológica, uma identificação das atividades passíveis de aprimoramento, no caso as relacionadas com o mapeamento geológico, e sua representação de resultados, que poderiam passar de 2D para 3D, com aplicação da modelagem implícita.

Aim: To investigate the percentage of correctness (PC) of the Nasal Index (NI) in human skeletons for determination of sex, ancestry and estimation of age in the Brazilian population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 173 human skulls belonging to the Piracicaba Dental School. 93 skeletons were males and 80 females; 34 were aged up to 39 years, 56 between 40 and 59 years, and 83 60 years or older; 96 were from white individuals, 49 were from mixed-race and 28 from black individuals. High-precision digital caliper was used to measure nasal height (NH=ANS-nasion) and the maximum nasal width (NW) values, which were applied into the formula NI=NW/NHx100. The data were submitted to discriminant analysis and Student’s t test with equal variances, Mann-Whitney, F (ANOVA), Tukey and Kruskal Wallis, 5% significance level. Results: Dominant nasal type in the Brazilian population was the mesorine. Males showed nasal height and width values greater than those of females, with statistically significant differences in all measurements (p≤0.021) and PC of 76.6%. Similar nasal measurements were found regardless of age (p>0.05), with PC of 41.7%. Ancestral analysis revealed that black individuals have greater nasal width (26.35) and nasal index (53.67) than white ones (24.60 and 49.25), while mixed-race individuals showed intermediate values (25.36 and 52.13) (p

OBJECTIVES: Dietary omega-3 fatty acids have been efficacious in decreasing serum cholesterol levels and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the metabolic and molecular changes induced by the omega-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA), which is found in linseed oil, are not fully understood. In this study, we showed a correlation between ALA and insulin resistance, inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). METHODS: We studied 40 male mice (C57/BL6) divided into 4 groups: a control (C) group, a control + omega-3/ALA (CA) group, a high-fat diet (HFD) (H) group and a high-fat diet + omega-3/ALA (HA) group. For 8 weeks, the animals in the H and HA groups were fed a high-fat (60%) diet, while the animals in the C and CA groups received regular chow. The diets of the CA and HA groups were supplemented with 10% lyophilized ALA. RESULTS: ALA supplementation improved glucose tolerance and reduced insulin resistance, as measured by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, respectively. In addition, ALA reduced hepatic steatosis and modified the standard fat concentration in the liver of animals fed an HFD. Dietary ALA supplementation reduced the serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), increased the expression of important chaperones such as binding immunoglobulin protein (BIP) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and reduced the expression of C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) and X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) in hepatic tissues, suggesting an ERS adaptation in response to ALA supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary ALA supplementation is effective in preventing hepatic steatosis; is associated with a reduction in insulin resistance, inflammation and ERS; and represents an alternative for improving liver function and obtaining metabolic benefits.

Abstract Green banana flour shows good potential as a functional ingredient for special-purpose foods, but there are no data in the literature concerning the use of a green banana pulp and peel flour for the development of products such as pasta. The aim of the present study was to develop tagliatelle pasta substituting the wheat flour with different concentrations of a green banana mixed pulp and peel flour. The pasta formulations were prepared replacing the wheat flour by the green banana mixed pulp and peel flour in two concentrations: 15% and 30%. A control formulation with wheat flour was also prepared. The green banana mixed pulp and peel flour presented higher ash, total fibre and total phenolic compound contents than traditional wheat flour. The pasta formulation with the addition of 15% green banana flour showed the highest ash content and the best sensory acceptability of all the formulations. It was concluded that it was possible to develop a tagliatelle pasta with satisfactory acceptance replacing the wheat flour by a green banana mixed pulp and peel flour.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a importância do odontolegista no exame de corpo de delito e o perfil da violência que acomete mulheres jovens atendidas pelo DML (Departamento de Medicina Legal), na cidade de João Pessoa, PB. O levantamento dos dados tem como base o arquivo dos laudos de corpo de delito realizados no período de junho de 1995 a junho de 1996, totalizando 13 meses. A amostra foi constituída por 460 indivíduos, na faixa etária de 12 a 45 anos, relativo à idade fértil do sexo feminino. De acordo com a revisão bibliográfica e análise estatística dos dados, obtivemos os seguintes resultados: 73,18% das mulheres agredidas residem em bairros de baixa renda; cerca de 80% dos agressores são homens, dentre esses, 37,2% correspondem a companheiros; mais da metade da amostra está situada acima de 21 anos; mais da metade das mulheres foram agredidas na face, sendo 22,2% correspondente à região orbitária e 20,9% à região labial, bucinadora e mentoniana. A alta incidência de lesões na face demonstra a importância da presença do odontolegista, no exame de corpo de delito, a fim de, não apenas quantificar o dano, mas ainda qualificar juridicamente as lesões.

The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the influence of distinct surface treatments on the microhardness and color of enamel that will be bleached. Surface treatments are tested, accordingly: G1, no treatment; G2, 2% sodium fluoride; G3, casein phosphopeptide paste; G4, 2% fluoride+Nd:YAG laser. Forty blocks from bovine teeth composed the sample that were tested in Knoop microhardness (n=10) and in color change (n=10). After 24 h, bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide was performed for 45 min. Microhardness and color changes (using parameters ΔE, ΔL, Δa, and Δb) were assessed before and after bleaching. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p

Aim: To investigate the existence of sexual dimorphism between the first and second permanent molars. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational, blind study using comparative and statistical descriptive procedures. The sample included 50 pairs of plaster casts from undergraduate dental students (25 men/25 women) from the Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa/PB, Brazil, aged 20-26 years. Odontometric measurements of first and second maxillary/mandibular, right/left permanent molars were performed. Mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual/palatal (BL/BP) widths and the distance between the lingual cusps of corresponding molars in opposite quadrants, were measured. The data were analyzed by Student’s t test and ANOVA with Bonferroni (p≤0.05). Results: The crowns of all first molars were statistically larger in men than in women (p

OBJETIVO: analisar o acompanhamento dos recém-nascidos quanto à promoção da saúde auditiva após a inserção da fonoaudiologia na Estratégia Saúde da Família. MÉTODO: estudo retrospectivo e documental com abordagem quantitativa com 88 recém-nascidos que realizaram o teste da orelhinha, no período de fevereiro a maio de 2010, a partir dos relatórios mensais de devolutiva do Serviço de Atenção a Saúde Auditiva do município, consolidados mensais e prontuários de um Centro de Saúde da Família em Sobral-Ce. RESULTADOS: dos recém-nascidos avaliados, 35 (39,77%) falharam no teste, entre estes, 7 (20%) apresentam indicador de risco para deficiência auditiva e 28 (80%) não apresentavam nenhum risco. Verificou-se também divergências entre os dados do Serviço de Atenção a Saúde Auditiva e os prontuários do Centro de Saúde da Família quanto a classificação dos indicadores de risco para a perda auditiva. Observou-se ainda que, o número de encaminhamentos para o teste da orelhinha aumentou 8,33%. Em relação ao reteste, 1 (7,69%) criança retornou nos meses de março a agosto de 2009 e entre os meses de setembro/2009 a fevereiro/2010 após a atuação da fonoaudiologia no CSF do Sumaré 17 (65,38%) crianças realizaram o reteste. CONCLUSÃO: os dados sugerem a importância da presença do fonoaudiólogo na atenção primária, sendo fundamental no acompanhamento e monitoramento do diagnóstico precoce das alterações auditivas.PURPOSE: to analyze the monitoring of the newborn and the promotion of hearing health after insertion of speech therapy at the Family Health Strategy. METHOD: this is a retrospective documentary study with quantitative approach using 88 infants who underwent OAE testing in the period from February to May 2010, we examined the monthly reports’ devolution of the Health Hearing Service of the Municipality, consolidated monthly statements and the handbooks of the Center for Family Health in Sobral-Ce. RESULTS: from the studied newborns, 35 (39.77%) failed the test, 7 (20%) were infants with risk indicator for hearing loss and 28 (80%) did not have any risk; It was found that some infants classified by risk indicator of the health Hearing Service had no risk factor according to the Family Health Center. It was also observed that increased the number of referrals to the OAE test increased 8.33%. As for the retesting, 1 (7.69%) child returned in the months from March to August 2009, compared to the months of September/2009 to February/2010 where 17 (65.38%) children had being retested after the performance of speech therapy in the CSF of Sumaré. CONCLUSION: the presence of speech therapy in primary care is essential for monitoring and tracking the early diagnosis of hearing disorders.

Objective: To assess the formal and informal support given to the family caregiver of a patient with Spinal Muscular Atrophy I and II. Method: This was a study with a qualitative approach developed in 2008 in the homes of informants and in the premises of the Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin in Fortaleza, Ceara, conducted with 13 mothers, primary caregivers for their ill children. For data collection we used both the interview and the instrument generator of the names and qualifier of the relations, adapted for this study. Quantitative data were processed using the programs UCINET NetDraw 6.123 and 2.38, while the qualitative data were organized based on the technique of the Collective Subject Discourse. The analyses were conducted by means of network maps and collective discourses raised by central ideas. Results: The formal social network of family caregivers was composed of 72 actors, among professionals in the areas of health, education and others, linked to 12 institutions. The informal network was comprised of 83 actors. It was found that the management of care, even when the caregiver has support from other people is a cause of stress and overload. Conclusion: It is evident the importance of applying Social Network Analysis as a tool for understanding structural features and the dynamics of social relations of family caregiver. Of a patient with spinal muscular atrophy. The analysis suggests the need for intervention in the study group as a way to contribute to the recognition and use of existing services, increasing the significance of the help provided by network interactions.

Objetivo: Investigar as percepções dos professores da escola pública no Município de Aracoiaba-CE, Brasil, sobre as ações promotoras de saúde e ambientes saudáveis. Métodos: Tratou-se de estudo de caso realizado em escola pública, no mês de abril de 2009, com a participação de 26 professores do ensino fundamental. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se a técnica de entrevista grupal. Para análise dos dados aplicou-se análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Resultados: A percepção dos professores entrevistados em relação a ações promotoras de saúde e ambientes saudáveis restringiu-se a experiências focais. Portanto, fezse necessária uma reflexão sobre como os professores trabalham a saúde como temática no ambiente escolar, assim como a articulação entre a educação para a saúde e a programação do conjunto das matérias escolares. Conclusão: O conhecimento dos professores sobre saúde mostrou-se relevante, entretanto desprovido de uma noção mais aprofundada dos conceitos. As práticas de saúde desenvolvidas na escola se reportam a medidas emergenciais, como a Dengue e trabalho direcionado à saúde bucal. Acredita-se que a promoção da saúde na escola deva ser uma ação permanente que contribua para o desenvolvimento de capacidades, aquisições e competências de cada indivíduo e da comunidade.

Objective: To investigate the perception of public school teachers in the city of Aracoiaba- CE, Brazil, on health promoting actions and healthy environments. Methods: This was a case study conducted in public school, in April 2009, with the participation of 26 elementaryschool teachers. For collecting data we used the technique of group interview. Content analysis of Laurence Bardin was applied for data analysis. Results: The perception of teachers interviewed in relation to health promoting actions and healthy environments was restricted to focal experiences. Therefore, it was necessary to consider how teachers work the health issue in school environment, as well as the link between education for health and the scheduling of all school subjects. Conclusion: The knowledge of teachers on health seemedto be relevant but lacking of a better insight into the concepts. Health practices developed in school related to emergency measures such as Dengue and activity directed to oral health. We believe that health promotion in school should be a permanent action that contributes to the development of capacity, acquisitions and skills of each individual and the community.

A equipe de Enfermagem do Serviço de Hematologia depara-se constantemente com situações de sofrimento intenso, podendo afetar sua homeostase. Considerando o postulado acerca da tendência à atualização do ser humano, as redes interpessoais podem ser benéficas, disponibilizando suportes para atualização da pessoa, que passa a transformar sua energia em comportamento útil, favorecendo o desempenho de funções e promovendo saúde. Este estudo foi realizado sobre a metodologia de análise das redes sociais, com o objetivo de analisar a rede interpessoal dos componentes de uma equipe de Enfermagem, que atua em unidade de hematologia de um hospital-escola na cidade de Fortaleza-CE. Foi realizado no ano de 2009, com 10 informantes-chaves. Os dados foram coletados no questionário gerador de nomes e qualificador da relação, processados nos programas: UCINET 6.123 e NETDRAW 2.38. O emprego da metodologia de análise de redes sociais permitiu reunir elementos elucidativos acerca da estrutura do grupo, sendo possível, a partir daí, tecer considerações acerca da posição ocupada pelos indivíduos, bem como do núcleo de relações constituído ao redor de cada um.The nursing team of the Hematology Service are constantly facing situations of intense suffering and this can affect their homeostasis. Considering the premise according to which human beings tend to upgrade themselves, interpersonal networks may be beneficial, providing support so that the person can upgrade herself, and starts to transform her energy into useful behavior, favoring the performance of duties and promoting health. This study employed the methodology of Social Network Analysis, and it aimed to analyze the interpersonal network of the members of a nursing team that work in the hematology unit of a hospital-school in the city of Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. The study was conducted in 2006, with ten key informants. Data were collected through a questionnaire that generates names and evaluates the relationship, and were processed by the programs: UCINET 6.123 and NETDRAW 2.38. The use of Social Network Analysis enabled us to learn about the structure of the group. Based on this, it was possible to make considerations about the position occupied by the individuals and about the nucleus of relationships constituted around each one of them.

Objective: To assess the formal and informal support given to the family caregiver of a patient with Spinal Muscular Atrophy I and II. Method: This was a study with a qualitative approach developed in 2008 in the homes of informants and in the premises of the Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin in Fortaleza, Ceara, conducted with 13 mothers, primary caregivers for their ill children. For data collection we used both the interview and the instrument generator of the names and qualifier of the relations, adapted for this study. Quantitative data were processed using the programs UCINET NetDraw 6.123 and 2.38, while the qualitative data were organized based on the technique of the Collective Subject Discourse. The analyses were conducted by means of network maps and collective discourses raised by central ideas. Results: The formal social network of family caregivers was composed of 72 actors, among professionals in the areas of health, education and others, linked to 12 institutions. The informal network was comprised of 83 actors. It was found that the management of care, even when the caregiver has support from other people is a cause of stress and overload. Conclusion: It is evident the importance of applying Social Network Analysis as a tool for understanding structural features and the dynamics of social relations of family caregiver. Of a patient with spinal muscular atrophy. The analysis suggests the need for intervention in thestudy group as a way to contribute to the recognition and use of existing services, increasing the significance of the help provided by network interactions.

OBJECTIVE: This in situ study evaluated the discriminatory power and reliability of methods of dental plaque quantification and the relationship between visual indices (VI) and fluorescence camera (FC) to detect plaque. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six volunteers used palatal appliances with six bovine enamel blocks presenting different stages of plaque accumulation. The presence of plaque with and without disclosing was assessed using VI. Images were obtained with FC and digital camera in both conditions. The area covered by plaque was assessed. Examinations were done by two independent examiners. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Kappa tests to compare different conditions of samples and to assess the inter-examiner reproducibility. RESULTS: Some methods presented adequate reproducibility. The Turesky index and the assessment of area covered by disclosed plaque in the FC images presented the highest discriminatory powers. CONCLUSION: The Turesky index and images with FC with disclosing present good reliability and discriminatory power in quantifying dental plaque.

No campo educacional, a idéia de inclusão social está associada ao desenvolvimento de uma educação comunitária, compulsória e universal, considerando-se a realidade das pessoas com necessidades especiais. As estratégias de inclusão ganham reforços na valorização dos elos informais e das relações proporcionadas pelas redes de apoio social que visam incentivar a participação de todos e a redução das pressões excludentes. O presente estudo, que teve como base empírica os intentos de um grupo de educadores envolvidos em ações de inclusão de pessoas com necessidades especiais, emprega a metodologia de análise de redes sociais para estudar o potencial de organização e ação em rede desse grupo. A metodologia apresentou-se válida nesse tipo de aplicação, permitindo compreender o papel de cada ator na rede de inclusão socioeducacional de pessoas com necessidades especiais, assim como daqueles que se destacam em posições favoráveis para a constituição, sustentação e expansão dessa rede.

Studies have shown the cariostatic effect of Er,Cr:YSGG (2.78 mm) laser irradiation on human enamel and have suggested its use on caries prevention. However there are still no reports on the intrapulpal temperature increase during enamel irradiation using parameters for caries prevention. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the temperature variation in the pulp chamber during human enamel irradiation with Er,Cr:YSGG laser at different energy densities. Fifteen enamel blocks obtained from third molars (3 x 3 x 3 mm) were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=5): G1 - Er,Cr:YSGG laser 0.25 W, 20 Hz, 2.84 J/cm², G2 - Er,Cr:YSGG laser 0.50 W, 20 Hz, 5.68 J/cm², G3 - Er,Cr:YSGG laser 0.75 W, 20 Hz, 8.52 J/cm². During enamel irradiation, two thermocouples were fixed in the inner surface of the specimens and a thermal conducting paste was used. One-way ANOVA did not show statistically significant difference among the experimental groups (a=0.05). There was intrapulpal temperature variation

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação entre coesão, adaptabilidade e risco mental familiar com violência física contra a mulher e uso de drogas. MÉTODOS: Estudo tipo caso-controle pareado realizado entre 2004 e 2005 na cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba. A amostra foi constituída por 260 mulheres, divididas em 130 agredidas e 130 não agredidas. O grupo caso foi constituído de mulheres que prestaram queixa por agressão física doméstica na Delegacia Especializada da Mulher. O grupo controle foi pareado com mulheres vizinhas de bairro das vítimas queixosas na Delegacia. A coesão, a adaptabilidade e o risco mental foram avaliados pela escala Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales. Na análise estatística, foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher, com nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Os dois grupos se comportaram de forma diferente em relação ao risco mental e coesão, mas semelhantes quanto à adaptabilidade familiar (p=0,0917). As mulheres agredidas apresentaram risco mental alto (43,1%) e médio (39,2%), diferentemente das não agredidas (p=0,0016), que apresentaram médio risco (55,4%). Houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos para o uso de drogas, com consumo maior nas famílias das mulheres agredidas (90,8%) do que das não agredidas (56,9%). A droga mais utilizada foi o álcool, sendo o mais alto fator de risco para a agressão, quando consumido diariamente (OR=37,33) ou associado a outra droga (OR=29,56). CONCLUSÕES: O desequilíbrio pela falta de união entre a família e o uso de drogas altera decisivamente no funcionamento familiar, podendo gerar conflitos e agressões domésticas.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between cohesion, adaptability and mental risk in families, physical violence against women and the use of drugs. METHODS: Data for this paired case-control study was collected in 2004 and 2005 in the city of Joao Pessoa, in Northeastern Brazil. The sample included 260 women, divided into 130 battered individuals and 130 non-battered. The case study group consisted of women who lodged complaints for domestic violence at the Specialist Women's Police Station. The control group was made up of women living in the same neighborhood as those who had made the complaint. Cohesion, adaptability and mental risk were all measured using the "Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales". For the statistical analysis the Chi-square and the Fisher's Exact Tests ere used, at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The two groups differed for measures relating to mental risk and cohesion, but had similar results for family adaptability (p=0.0917). The women victims of domestic violence had high (43.1%) and medium (39.2%) mental risk, while the non-victims had only medium risk (55.4%). There was a significant difference in drug use between the two groups, with greater consumption among the families of battered women (90.8%) compared with those of non-battered women (56.9%). The most widely used drug was alcohol, which also represented the highest risk factor for aggression if consumed daily (OR=37.33) or in conjunction with other drugs (OR=29,56). CONCLUSIONS: Both the instability caused by a lack of family unity and the use of drugs significantly affect family functioning and may give rise to conflict and domestic violence.

Estudio de abordaje etnográfico realizado en 2003, con el objetivo de conocer el modelo explicativo popular y el del profesional de salud, de los mensajes divulgados en un cartel de una campaña del Ministerio de Salud. Los informantes conformaban distintos grupos de profesionales y usuarios de un centro de salud del municipio de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Para cada uno de los grupos fueron dadas tres cuestiones conductoras durante la entrevista individual. Como resultados se obtuvieron modelos explicativos popular y profesional divergentes en lo referente a la comprensión del mensaje, a las reacciones/emociones despertadas, a las motivaciones para actuar en función del autocuidado, y a los elementos que dificultan la comprensión del mensaje divulgado en el cartel. Se concluye la necesidad de participación del receptor final en la elaboración del contenido y arte de los carteles utilizados en las campañas de salud, asumiendo ese receptor dimensiones del proceso comunicacional, las cuales son determinadas por los factores culturales, económicos, sociales, entre otros.

Aim: To determine the applicability of Carrea’s index in arches with normal tooth position and diastema and to evaluate its use in the maxillary arch. Methods: 51 pairs of plaster models made by dental students from the Federal University of Paraíba were analyzed. The arches and hemiarches were divided according to dental position and measured with a manual caliper and a digital caliper. With these measurements, maximum and minimum heights were estimated, comparing the values to the real height of the subjects. The data were then submitted to Pearson’s chi-square test and Fischer’s Exact test (CI = 95%). Results: In the mandibular hemiarches, there was statistically significant difference (p=0.017) between the types of dental position only in women, with crowded teeth obtaining the highest number of hits (95.2%), followed by diastema (50.0%). Only the left hemiarch was significantly different (p=0.049) and crowded teeth had the highest index of hits (82.6%), whereas diastema accounted for 40.0%. In the maxillary arch, the error percentage was 100% in the three types of dental position. Conclusion: Carrea’s index is applicable in normal and crowded teeth. However, it was not efficient in the maxillary arch and in hemiarches with diastema.

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar as características do trabalho que são consideradas relevantes para mulheres brasileiras, com nível superior, de diferentes faixas etárias (20 a 29 anos; 30 a 39 anos; mais de 40 anos), e que trabalham em empresas privadas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram abordados e analisados de forma qualitativa. O estudo identificou que as características valorizadas mencionadas pelas entrevistadas das três faixas etárias foram praticamente as mesmas. No entanto, foram encontradas semelhanças e diferenças quanto ao grau de relevância atribuído a essas características. Os resultados da presente pesquisa podem auxiliar as organizações na identificação de fatores motivacionais para a atração e retenção de mulheres no mercado de trabalho corporativo.

Aim: To evaluate the sexual dimorphism of mandibular and maxillary canines among dental students of the Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil. Methods: This was an observational, blind and cross-sectional study with comparative and statistical-descriptive procedure. Fifty-one pairs of plaster models belonging to undergraduate dental students aged 18-29 years were analyzed. Quantitative data were organized and processed by means of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 15.0. This research has followed the guidelines of 196/ 96 Brazilian Resolution of the National Health Council, Ministry of Health. Results: All measures were found to show statistically significant differences between sexes (p

As manifestações hepáticas são descritas como não usuais no dengue e podem evoluir com quadros graves e potencialmente letais. Avaliamos as alterações hepáticas em 41 pacientes com dengue hemorrágico com confirmação laboratorial (ELISA IgM positivo) em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil e observamos 61% (25/41) de alteração na alanina aminotransferase e 80,5% (33/41) na aspartato aminotransferase, sendo que não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas quando comparamos as várias formas clínicas. A variação nos valores de ALT foi de 14-547U/l, nos valores da AST foi de 11-298U/l. Náuseas e/ou vômitos foram referidos por 90% (37/41) dos pacientes, 46,3% (19/41) referiram dor abdominal e 10% (3/29) apresentavam hepatomegalia ao exame físico. A idade variou de 18 a 88 anos, 23 (56%) eram mulheres e 18 (44%) homens.Hepatic manifestations are described as unusual complications of dengue and may lead to severe and potentially lethal conditions. Liver abnormalities in 41 patients diagnosed with dengue hemorrhagic fever in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, between January 1 and March 31, 2002, were evaluated. All were serologically positive for dengue in laboratory tests (IgM ELISA). ALT alterations were observed in 61% (25/41) and AST alterations in 80.5% (33/41), but there were no statistically significant differences between the various clinical forms. The range in ALT levels was 14-547U/l and in AST levels was 11-298U/l. Nausea and/or vomiting were reported by 90% (37/41) of the patients; 46.3% (19/41) had abdominal pain and 10% (3/29) presented hepatomegaly at clinical examination. The patients' ages ranged from 18 to 88 years; 23 (56%) were female and 18 (44%) were male.

The social support networks are not necessarily structured as beneficial systems, they can also represent harmful networks too. This is a descriptive article which aims to describe the building and contextual process of the informal social networks in a community and the ways these networks can evolve as beneficial or harmful. It was carried out from April 2003 to March 2004. The informants were 12 family representatives and the data collection was held through participant observation and interview, the analyses occurring altogether. It has been evidenced two kinds of informal social networks: the communitarian leaders’ network as example of beneficial network, and the teen gangs’ network, as harmful network. The leaders’ network assumes many social roles, from straightening out families’ misunderstandings to coping with problems concerning the community survival. On the other end, the gangs’ network stand out mainly by their self-destructive potential.

This in vitro study evaluated the shear bond strength (SBS) of dentin treated with two 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agents 15 days after bleaching and storage in artificial saliva. Dentin fragments were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 20) for the treatment with the two different bleaching agents (Rembrandt 10% or Opalescence 10%) or with a placebo agent, applied to the tooth surface for 8 hours a day. During the remaining time, the specimens were stored in artificial saliva. After 42 days, the fragments were stored in artificial saliva for 14 days. Another group (n = 20) was exposed to distilled and deionized water for 56 days. An adhesive system and microhybrid composite resin were used to prepare specimens for the SBS test. SBS tests were performed and the fractured surfaces were visually examined using a stereoscope at 30 X magnification. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and SIDAK tests showed higher SBS values for dentin treated with Opalescence 10% than for dentin treated with Rembrandt 10% or placebo. Groups treated with Rembrandt 10%, Opalescence 10% or placebo did not differ from the group treated with distilled and deionized water. Ten percent carbamide peroxide agents or a placebo agent caused no differences in SBS of dentin after 15 days of storage in artificial saliva.Este estudo in vitro avaliou a resistência ao cisalhamento da dentina submetida ao tratamento com dois agentes clareadores contendo peróxido de carbamida a 10% depois de 15 dias de clareamento e armazenagem em saliva artificial. Fragmentos de dentina foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em 3 grupos (n = 20) para receber o tratamento com dois diferentes agentes clareadores (Rembrandt a 10% ou Opalescence a 10%) ou com um agente placebo, aplicados na superfície dental por 8 horas diárias. No restante do tempo, os espécimens permaneceram imersos em saliva artificial. Após o tratamento por 42 dias, os fragmentos foram armazenados em saliva artificial por 14 dias. Outro grupo (n = 20) somente recebeu a aplicação de água destilada e deionizada por 56 dias. Um sistema adesivo e uma resina composta microhíbrida foram utilizados para o preparo dos corpos-de-prova para o teste de cisalhamento. Após os ensaios, a superfície foi examinada visualmente com um estereoscópio com aumento de 30 X. A análise de variância (ANOVA) e o teste SIDAK mostraram que a dentina tratada com Opalescence a 10% apresentou maiores valores de resistência ao cisalhamento do que a tratada com o Rembrandt a 10% ou com o agente placebo. Os grupos tratados com Rembrandt a 10%, Opalescence a 10% ou agente placebo não diferiram do grupo que recebeu somente o tratamento com água destilada e deionizada. Agentes clareadores contendo peróxido de carbamida a 10% ou um agente placebo não alteraram a resistência ao cisalhamento da dentina após 15 dias de imersão em saliva artificial.

Among the new technologies developed, low power lasers have enabled new approaches to provide conservative treatment. Low power lasers act at cellular level, resulting in reduced pain, modulating inflammation, and improved tissue healing. Clinical application of the low power laser requires specific knowledge concerning laser interaction with biological tissue so that the correct irradiation protocol can be established. The present case report describes the clinical steps involved in an indirect composite resin restoration performed in a 31-year-old patient, in whom low power laser was used for soft tissue biomodulation. Laser therapy was applied with a semiconductor laser 660 nm, spot size of 0.028 cm2, energy density of 35.7 J/cm2, mean power of 100 mW, and energy per point as 1 J, in contact mode, on a total of 2 points (mesial and distal), totaling 2 J of energy. The therapy with low power laser can contribute positively to the success of an indirect restorative treatment.

Verificar o índice de acerto da idade cronológica de jovens quando utilizada a tabela de Nicodemo, Moraes e Médici Filho na estimativa da idade por meio de radiografia panorâmica de paraibanos. Metodologia: A amostra foi composta por 94 imagens de radiografias panorâmicas de indivíduos entre 10 e 25 anos. Utilizou-se a tabela de mineralização descrita no estudo de NOLLA de acordo com a cronologia de mineralização dos dentes permanentes no Brasil criada por Nicodemo, Moraes e Médici Filho. O tipo de estudo foi o transversal e cego. Para análise dos dados, foram obtidas distribuições absolutas e percentuais e foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson. O nível de significância utilizado nas decisões dos testes estatísticos foi de 5%. Resultados: O percentual de acerto nesta faixa etária foi maior quando se analisaram apenas 4 dentes por radiografia panorâmica (81,9%) em relação à análise de 16 (4,3%). A análise baseada na imagem dos 3os molares apresentou o maior percentual de acerto (66%) em relação à avaliação dos demais dentes. Não houve diferença estatística entre o percentual de acerto quando comparados os resultados para homens e mulheres do grupo total (p=0,479). O percentual de acerto foi maior quando utilizou-se a imagem da amostra entre 10 e 15 anos (94,4%) em relação aos com mais de 15 anos (65%), apresentando diferença estatisticamente significante (p>0,001). Conclusão: Os métodos de estimativa da idade utilizando a tabela de Nicodemo, Moraes e Médici Filho propostos por este estudo demonstraram percentuais de acerto baixos quando da avaliação de 16 dentes. Os resultados foram mais satisfatórios com a utilização de apenas 4 dentes na avaliação, principalmente na faixa etária dos 10 aos 15 anos. Em termos da prática odontolegal, os resultados apresentavam intervalos etários muito amplos, o que inviabilizaria o uso deste método isoladamente na amostra estudada. Na busca de um método de estimativa de idade para responder à solicitação da Justiça, os Odontolegistas devem associar mais de uma técnica e, com isto, oferecer conclusões mais precisas.

The increasing concern and the search for conservative dental treatments have resulted in the development of several new technologies. Low and high power lasers can be cited as one of these new technologies. Low power lasers act at cellular level leading to pain reduction, modulation of inflammation, and improvement of tissue healing. High power lasers act by increasing temperature and have the potential to promote microbial reduction and ablation of hard and soft tissues. The clinical application of both low and high power lasers requires specific knowledge concerning laser interaction with biological tissues, so that the correct irradiation protocol can be established. The present case report describes the clinical steps of two metal-ceramic crowns development in a 60-year-old patient. Three different laser wavelengths were applied throughout the treatment with different purposes: Nd:YAG laser (1,064 nm) for dentin decontamination, diode (660 nm) for soft tissue biomodulation, and Er:YAG laser (2,940 nm) for inner ceramic surface conditioning. Lasers were successfully applied in the present case report as coadjutant in the treatment. This coadjutant technology can be a potential tool to assist treatment to reach the final success.

O artigo parte da discussão de uma das dimensões associadas à Saúde Global - o seu envolvimento nas dinâmicas de produção de conhecimento “globalizado” sobre saúde, na sua disseminação através de modelos de transferência de conhecimento e implementação em diversos locais ou lugares. Argumenta-se que os programas de educação de profissionais de saúde, inseridos em iniciativas de Saúde Global de combate às desigualdades de saúde, se sustenta em orientações definidas internacionalmente que promovem o conhecimento técnicocientífico como o único conhecimento válido sobre saúde. Propõe-se que a definição e orientação destes programas se deve sustentar em conhecimentos contextualizados e situados sobre saúde, assentes em coprodução de conhecimento, que poderão contribuir para educar e formar profissionais de saúde mais capazes de atuar em contextos locais marcados pela pobreza e exclusão social. Espera-se, assim, contribuir para o surgimento de novas perspetivas sobre rodução e onhecimentos e práticas no ensino das profissões da saúde.

Para avaliar a resposta a sucessivas aplicações da intradermorreação de Montenegro (IDRM), repetimos quatro vezes o teste em moradores de uma área endêmica de calazar que tiveram o exame negativo há 3-4 anos. Inicialmente, repetimos três IDRM nos que permaneceram negativos, com intervalo de 60 dias entre elas. Na segunda etapa, realizamos uma última reação em todos participantes do estudo. Do total de 49 indivíduos com IDRM prévia negativa, 19 (38,8%) positivaram o teste em alguma das vezes, 17 (34,7%) abandonaram o estudo e 13 (26,5%) permaneceram com resultado negativo em todas as aplicações. Na segunda etapa, a repetição da IDRM mostrou que dos 14 que eram positivos em algum dos testes, 8 assim permaneceram e 6 tornaram-se negativos. Nossos resultados confirmam a possibilidade de indução de hipersensibilidade tardia em alguns indivíduos pela aplicação da IDRM.

Estudar o Mapeamento dos funcionários das Delegacias Especializadas da Mulher (DEM) e a percepção em relação à Lei Maia da Penha. Metodologia: Pesquisa quanti-qualitativa, realizada nos municípios paraibanos que possuem DEMs. A amostra foi composta por 30 funcionários, sendo os instrumentos utilizados formulário e entrevistas a respeito da Lei Maria da Penha registradas por mp3, as quais foram transcritas e analisadas utilizando a Técnica Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Resultado: A Lei Maria da Penha é importante para inibir a violência contra a mulher. A mesma aumentou o trabalho nas Delegacias porque transformou a forma processual em inquérito policial, no entanto as vítimas desistiam de continuar o procedimento, por serem dependentes emocional e financeiramente do companheiro. Conclusão: Os pesquisados acreditam que a Lei deva ser aplicada de maneira mais efetiva pelo Estado, procurando prestar atendimento completo às vítimas de violência, desde abrigo até recuperação da família envolvida no processo.