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As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded, a world of carelessness was made visible. Public health guidelines against the spread of COVID-19 (e.g., school closures, staying home, social distancing) have substantially affected youth’s health and well-being and highlighted the need for context-specific understandings of infection, risk, and care. Our research aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the impacts of COVID-19 on boys and girls serving educational measures and placed in the custody of the juvenile justice system in Portugal during the pandemic. Sustained by the use of ethnographic principles and methods along with participatory techniques, this article uncovers complex entanglements between the public health measures to mitigate contagion and the dynamics that exacerbated socio-spatial dynamics of social exclusion and isolation, educational and (mental) health inequities, and lived and practiced forms of violence by youth-serving tutelary measures in Portugal’s six educational centers. Following Tronto’s feminist ethical–political proposal of care, I argue that COVID-19 became a lens to access youth care needs — self-care, care for others, care as essential work of nurturing affective trajectories and solidarities and promoting positive and non-violent relationships. By caring for youth stories, the engagement of researchers and professionals in this action-oriented research aimed to promote the enactment of practices of care with youth in the Portuguese detention centers as a way to positively affect their inhabited present, promote healthier lives and nurture the construction of caring and non-violent post-pandemic futures.

Este texto tem como temática principal a educação para os direitos humanos, centrando-se numa experiência de intervenção socioeducativa desenvolvida por estudantes de uma instituição de ensino superior e alunos de uma escola secundária, situadas na região centro de Portugal. No trabalho que aqui se apresenta, discute-se a importância de ações de educação para os direitos humanos, enquadradas numa visão transformadora da educação, em que se valoriza a educação entre pares desenvolvida em articulação com instituições da comunidade. Deste modo, procurou-se dar resposta à seguinte questão de investigação: em que medida a intervenção socioeducativa entre pares pode contribuir para a educação para os direitos humanos? Para dar resposta a esta questão, foi utilizado como instrumento de recolha de dados o inquérito por questionário, aplicado aos estudantes e aos alunos que participaram na intervenção socioeducativa. Como principais conclusões destaca-se que esta experiência de educação entre pares, que decorreu apoiada em linguagens artísticas, proporcionou aos alunos da escola secundária ganhos substanciais na aquisição de conhecimentos e habilidades, bem como, a construção de uma maior capacidade reflexiva e crítica. Por seu lado, os jovens estudantes do ensino superior reconheceram a importância desta ação na construção do seu saber-fazer, especialmente no âmbito da promoção da educação para os direitos humanos, mas também ao nível do saber-ser, enquanto cidadãos mais esclarecidos e interventivos. Por fim, é de destacar que tanto os jovens alunos como os jovens estudantes reconheceram que a utilização destas metodologias de intervenção socioeducativa possibilita a criação de espaços de educação e de empoderamento, imprescindíveis na construção de uma sociedade mais justa.

Este artigo objetiva analisar os dados da judicialização dos direitos sociais no Laboratório de Prática Jurídica da Universidade Federal de Viçosa/MG (LPJ). Pretendeu-se entender as consequências da individualização/coletivização das políticas públicas na judicialização, suas variáveis e o papel dos escritórios- modelo. Realizaram-se revisão bibliográfica e a coleta de dados dos casos do LPJ e do Sistema de Informações Estratégicas do Judiciário (Tribunal de Justiça de Minas Gerais), de 2010 a 2018, com aprovação ética pelo sistema CEP/CONEP. As conclusões apontam que existe desconfiança nas soluções coletivas e pré- processuais para os direitos sociais; há uma demanda contingente no perfil dos clientes do LPJ; e, por fim, que há oportunidades de benefícios da assistência judiciária gratuita nos Municípios de médio-pequeno porte, em especial no campo dos direitos sociais.

ABSTRACT Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents one of today’s main public health problems. Serum creatinine measurement and estimation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are the main tools for evaluating renal function. There are several equations to estimate GFR, and CKD-EPI equation (Chronic Kidney Disease – Epidemiology) is the most recommended one. There are still some controversies regarding serum creatinine measurement and GFR estimation, since several factors can interfere in this process. An important recent change was the removal of the correction for race from the equations for estimating GFR, which overestimated kidney function, and consequently delayed the implementation of treatments such as dialysis and kidney transplantation. In this consensus document from the Brazilian Societies of Nephrology and Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, the main concepts related to the assessment of renal function are reviewed, as well as possible existing controversies and recommendations for estimating GFR in clinical practice.

The application of precision agriculture in cocoa and papaya cultivation in Brazil is still incipient. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of the physical attributes of soil cultivated with a consortium of papaya and cocoa. The study was conducted in two sampling grids of 50 points, in two areas cultivated with papaya and cocoa with different planting times (three and eleven months). The soil attributes soil resistance to penetration (RP) and soil gravimetric moisture (UG) were determined at soil depths of 0–20, 20–40 and 40–60 cm. The data were submitted to an exploratory and descriptive analysis. Subsequently, a geostatistical analysis was performed to quantify spatial dependence and then interpolation of the data through kriging. The maps showed weak spatial variability for the UG and RP. In the two areas, it was observed that the depth of 0–20 cm had a lower RP (1.7 Mpa) and a higher UG (40 g g−1), and as the depth was higher, had a higher RP (4.4 Mpa) and a lower UG (38 g g−1). Area 1 presented higher RP values in depth, showing greater susceptibility to compaction. The area characterized by the consortium of papaya and cocoa presented more susceptible to compaction. The mechanical resistance of the soil to penetration was more critical in the 40–60 cm layer for the two consortia evaluated, evidencing areas with possible restriction to plant growth.

The advancement of technology has significantly transformed the livestock landscape, particularly in the management of dairy cattle, through the incorporation of digital and precision approaches. This study presents a bibliometric analysis focused on these technologies involving dairy farming to explore and map the extent of research in the scientific literature. Through this review, it was possible to investigate academic production related to digital and precision livestock farming and identify emerging patterns, main research themes, and author collaborations. To carry out this investigation in the literature, the entire timeline was considered, finding works from 2008 to November 2023 in the scientific databases Scopus and Web of Science. Next, the Bibliometrix (version 4.1.3) package in R (version 4.3.1) and its Biblioshiny software extension (version 4.1.3) were used as a graphical interface, in addition to the VOSviewer (version 1.6.19) software, focusing on filtering and creating graphs and thematic maps to analyze the temporal evolution of 198 works identified and classified for this research. The results indicate that the main journals of interest for publications with identified affiliations are “Computers and Electronics in Agriculture” and “Journal of Dairy Science”. It has been observed that the authors focus on emerging technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision for behavioral monitoring, dairy cattle identification, and management of thermal stress in these animals. These technologies are crucial for making decisions that enhance health and efficiency in milk production, contributing to more sustainable practices. This work highlights the evolution of precision livestock farming and introduces the concept of digital livestock farming, demonstrating how the adoption of advanced digital tools can transform dairy herd management. Digital livestock farming not only boosts productivity but also redefines cattle management through technological innovations, emphasizing the significant impact of these trends on the sustainability and efficiency of dairy production.

Este artigo aborda o exercício da comunicação interpretativa no projeto de extensão “Cefet/RJ campus Petrópolis: histórias de um prédio público por excelência”. Articulando ensino e pesquisa, as ações extensionistas se desdobram em diferentes recursos, principalmente as visitas mediadas, tendo como força motriz o patrimônio edificado onde se encontra a unidade de ensino de Petrópolis do Cefet/RJ, e como mediadores os estudantes do Bacharelado em Turismo. A experiência se demonstrou terreno fértil para a construção de diálogos com a comunidade, para a formação profissional de turismólogo e para o conhecimento dessa edificação, expressivo elemento do entorno do conjunto urbano-paisagístico tombado em 1982, cuja função pública se reafirma pela instituição de ensino que ele abriga, desde 2008. O campo do Turismo, orientado pela interpretação do Patrimônio, em construir significados, não apenas informar, embasa a metodologia e resultados do projeto, destacando a contribuição para a curricularização da extensão. Apresentamos também como desdobramos as ações durante a pandemia, a partir de pesquisa realizada em 2018, para nova etapa de desenvolvimento da comunicação interpretativa proposta.

BackgroundThe Direct Assessment of Functional Status (DAFS) is the only instrument validated in Brazil that assesses functionality directly with the patient. However, this clinical tool takes a long time to be administered. This limits its use in hospitals and outpatient clinics that require brief assessment instruments. Additionally, we need to count with a direct assessment because the number of older adults living alone is increasing and we thus lack reliable informants.ObjectiveThis study aimed to present the development and content validity evidence of a direct complex functionality test for older adults, the Brief Instrument for Direct Functionality Assessment (BIDFA).MethodA total sample of 30 older adults and eight expert judges took part in the study stages. The BIDFA construction stages were: (1) literature review of functionality instruments; (2) development of seven ecological tasks to evaluate the performance of daily complex activities with the older adults; (3) content analysis by eight expert judges; (4) pilot study with 30 older adults; (5) the ecological analysis of items; (6) focus group analysis; and (7) final version of the BIDFA.ResultsThe BIDFA had evidence of content validity with an agreement index of 96.5%. The final version of BIDFA was left with six domains of complex functionality divided into semantic memory and time orientation; shopping skills; executive attention, math and finance skills; organization; planning and procedural memory; and problem-solving. The complex functionality score by BIDFA ranges from 0 to 100 points.ConclusionThe BIDFA was found to have good content validity by the expert judges and by the ecological analysis of the items by the older adults. The new instrument is expected to help assess the functional status of older adults, in an abbreviated context including complex functionality demands, with a wider range of total and subdomain scores.

A pandemia da COVID-19 pode ser apontada como a maior quebra de paradigmas da história da educação no século XXI. Dada a sua gravidade, a melhor alternativa para mitigação de danos na educação segue sendo o ensino remoto emergencial (ERE), que é mediado, em maior ou menor grau, pelas Tecnologias da Comunicação e Informação (TICs). No entanto, aprender Ciências através desta nova abordagem metodológica pode ser desafiador, considerando as desigualdades no acesso e uso das TICs no Brasil. Soma-se a isso a grande capacidade de abstração dos alunos que a disciplina de Ciências por vezes requer, o que causa dúvidas e incertezas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi questionar e compreender como os alunos dos anos finais do ensino fundamental, de duas cidades de realidades socioeconômicas distintas, estão percebendo o aprendizado na disciplina de Ciências. A metodologia, de cunho quali-quantitativo, utilizou um questionário para a coleta de dados, estatística descritiva e a análise de conteúdo para a discussão. O trabalho identificou diferenças marcantes entre as escolas das duas cidades pesquisadas, no que tange a aspectos socioeconômicos e étnicos e sua relação com o acesso à rede, uso de eletroeletrônicos e os impactos desses fatores na aprendizagem na disciplina de Ciências. A análise permite inferir que são urgentes as medidas de enfrentamento à pandemia dentro do contexto familiar, que refletirá no contexto escolar, de forma a diminuir o impacto dos efeitos negativos na aprendizagem.

Membranous nephropathy may present in any age group. While it is one of the most common causes of adult nephrotic syndrome, it is a rare histologic entity in the paediatric population. In adults it is more commonly classified as primary or idiopathic. In contrast, among children and adolescents, it is more frequently secondary to systemic disorders or drug exposures. One of the potentially implicated drugs is penicillamine, which has long been used as first-line therapy for symptomatic children with Wilson’s disease. We report a case of an adolescent treated with penicillamine for Wilson’s disease, who presented with overt nephrotic syndrome due to membranous nephropathy. As most of our knowledge about children and adolescents with membranous nephropathy has been based on extrapolations from adult studies, paediatric case reports may provide useful insights. We also aimed to emphasize the importance of proteinuria close monitoring in patients under treatment with penicillamine to allow for timely consideration of the drug withdrawal.

Abstract Background Dirofilaria immitis is a parasitic nematode endemic in the Mediterranean countries, which causes cardiopulmonary dirofilariosis in wild and domestic animals. Despite being recognized hosts of D. immitis, wild carnivores such as wolves and foxes are frequently disregarded when considering a potential role in the transmission of these zoonotic nematodes. In Portugal, studies available regarding D. immitis circulation are scarce, likely underestimating its relevance. To add knowledge on this, we sought to assess Iberian wolves (Canis lupus signatus) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from northern Portugal for D. immitis antigenemia and microfilaremia. Methods Blood samples from 42 Iberian wolves and 19 red foxes were collected, during 2010–2012, in Peneda-Gerês National Park. Antigenemia was searched for by rapid antigen detection test kits (Uranotest Dirofilaria ®). Microfilaremia was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nucleic acids were extracted from blood using QIAamp® DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen), and DNA was screened for the presence of microfilaria using a conventional PCR targeting the 5.8S-internal transcribed spacer 2–28S regions, followed by bidirectional sequencing, Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis and phylogenetic analysis. Results Three red foxes had antigenemia, with an occurrence of 15.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.4–39.6), while showing no evidence for the presence of microfilaremia. No wolf samples presented evidence for D. immitis antigenemia. Nevertheless, two wolves were positive for D. immitis microfilaremia (4.8%; 95% CI 0.6–16.2%) as revealed by PCR and confirmed by bidirectional sequencing. Conclusions Although Dirofilaria microfilaremia in wolves does not necessarily correlate to an endangerment of the infected animal's health, positive individuals can act as a reservoir for further infection if the intermediate mosquito hosts are present. To the best of our knowledge, one single study had reported that wolves were suitable Dirofilaria hosts, but microfilaremia have never been reported. Graphical Abstract

Abstract Background In cases of soft tissue sarcoma (STS), neoadjuvant therapy is indicated to downstage the tumour prior to surgery to achieve enhanced local tumour control. The antineoplastic phospholipid compound 2‐aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate (2‐AEH2F) is an alkyl phosphate ester capable of inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell death by modifying the asymmetry of phospholipids in the cytoplasmic membrane Objectives This clinical study was designed to investigate local antitumoural effects of neoadjuvant therapy with 2‐AEH2F in dogs with naturally occurring STS Material and methods Dogs (n = 11) received four consecutive weekly intravenous injections of 2‐AEH2F (70 mg/kg) prior to tumour resection. Tomographic (CT) and thermal (TE) images were used to investigate changes in tumour size and local temperature in response to treatment Results Comparative analysis of CT images (n = 9/11) failed to reveal complete or partial remission according to selected assessment criteria (RECIST, WHO and volumetric). Comparative analysis of TE images (n = 10/11) revealed significantly (p = 0.01416) lower temperatures in tumoural areas relative to surrounding tissues over the course of treatment Conclusions 2‐AEH2F had no cytoreductive effects when used at doses and intervals described in this study. However, significant drop in skin temperatures recorded in tumoural areas suggest induction of physiological changes.

A Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) pode servir como diagnóstico diferencial para Erliquiose ou Babesiose Canina, hemoparasitoses transmitidas por carrapatos, dada a similaridade das manifestações clínicas e a urbanização do vetor da LVC. Neste relato de caso, apontamos a importância de se ter no histórico do cão atendido a região em que ele vive. O cão relatado vinha da região de Itu-SP e apresentava apenas a epistaxe unilateral como manifestação clínica, mais anemia arregenerativa, linfadenomegalia e esplenomegalia. A primeira suspeita foi de infecção por Babesia ou Ehrlichia canis. A falta de sucesso do tratamento e a informação da proveniência do cão levaram ao diagnóstico acertado de LVC. Sua transmissão vem se expandindo entre municípios da Grande São Paulo e foi registrada a presença do mosquito transmissor no município de Itu.

OBJECTIVE: The burden felt by informal caregivers of patients with dementia is a source of physical, emotional, and financial problems. Face-to-face interventions for caregivers have accessibility limitations that may prevent them from receiving adequate care. Telehealth tools can be a solution to this problem. We will compare a telephone psychoeducational and support intervention protocol to usual care for informal female caregivers of patients with dementia treated at Brazilian specialized outpatient clinics. METHODS: In this single-blind randomized clinical trial, the intervention group will receive one weekly call for 8 weeks that addresses issues such as disease education, communication with the patient, and problematic behaviors. The control group will receive printed material on problematic behaviors in dementia. The primary outcome will be the difference in caregiver burden between baseline and 8 weeks, which will be assessed by blinded investigators through the Zarit Burden Interview scale. Caregiver burden at 16 weeks after baseline, depression, anxiety, and quality of life at 8 and 16 weeks are secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: We expect the intervention to reduce caregiver burden. These results could lead to public health programs for improving dementia care in lower-middle-income countries. Ethics and dissemination: This trial was approved by an independent ethics committee. The results will be published in an international peer-reviewed medical journal. Trial registration number: NCT03260608.

A resolução colaborativa de problemas (RCP) é uma competência de extrema relevância na sociedade moderna e uma das mais valorizadas neste século. O Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Alunos (Pisa) foi a primeira avaliação em larga escala a incluir a resolução de problemas em sua matriz de referência. Esse estudo preliminar se restringe aos resultados publicados nos relatórios oficiais do Programa. Aqui, especificamente, discutimos esses resultados à luz da literatura de referência, bem como descrevemos o conceito de RCP no Pisa 2015. O Brasil, dentre os 52 países participantes, ocupou a 51ª posição nas habilidades relacionadas à RCP, ficando no Nível 1 da escala de desempenho. O status socioeconômico, a variação nas escolas e o gênero relacionam-se, positivamente, com o desempenho brasileiro em RCP.

O texto analisa concepções de docentes de creches sobre o papel da Educação Infantil no desenvolvimento. A pesquisa foi realizada com nove professoras de duas escolas municipais de Porto Velho, Rondônia, que foram ouvidas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados, analisados à luz do referencial histórico-cultural, indicam que essas docentes concebem a Educação Infantil como base da escolarização e da preparação para o Ensino Fundamental, contudo, o processo de escolarização não é visto como promotor de aprendizagens fundamentais para o desenvolvimento. Conclui-se que são necessários investimentos na formação inicial e continuada de professores, com referenciais teóricos que forneçam subsídios para a atuação intencional e sistemática na atividade pedagógica.

This study aimed to analyze potential industrial solid waste that can be added to soil-cement blocks. A narrative literature review was conducted in the Scopus academic database, using as the search criteria keywords related to the topic, such as soil-cement, building materials, soil-cement blocks, soil-cement bricks, physical and mechanical properties, solid waste, life cycle analysis, and civil construction. A variety of industrial solid waste that can be incorporated into soil-cement blocks was observed, such as waste rock, sludge from water treatment plants, wood sawdust, polyethylene terephthalate fibers (PET), vegetable fibers from loofah, hemp fibers, rice husks, brachiaria grass, poultry eggshells, sugar cane bagasse, wheat and barley straw, welding slag, foundry sand, waste from quartzite mining, construction, and demolition, mechanical turning, pulp industry grains, and steel mill co-products. Among the investigated wastes, those that improved the physical and mechanical properties of the soil-cement blocks were grains from the cellulose industry, rice husks, Brachiaria grass, steel by-products with granulated soil-cement blocks and blast furnace slag. The waste that produced no satisfactory results was sludge from a water treatment plant, sugarcane bagasse, and vegetable loofah. Through this research, it was possible to verify that the behavior of soil-cement blocks is influenced by several factors in their manufacture, mainly regarding the type and percentage of incorporated waste. However, it is important to be concerned with its application in waste blocks so as not to increase the environmental impacts in the long term.

Abstract Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is the largest by-product originated from the brewery industry with a high potential for producing carbohydrases by solid-state fermentation. This work aimed to test the efficacy of a carbohydrases-rich extract produced from solid-state fermentation of BSG, to enhance the digestibility of a plant-based diet for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). First, BSG was fermented with A. ibericus to obtain an aqueous lyophilized extract (SSF-BSG extract) and incorporated in a plant-based diet at increasing levels (0—control; 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%). Another diet incorporating a commercial carbohydrases-complex (0.04%; Natugrain; BASF) was formulated. Then, all diets were tested in in vitro and in vivo digestibility assays. In vitro assays, simulating stomach and intestine digestion in European seabass, assessed dietary phosphorus, phytate phosphorus, carbohydrates, and protein hydrolysis, as well as interactive effects between fish enzymes and dietary SSF-BSG extract. After, an in vivo assay was carried out with European seabass juveniles fed selected diets (0—control; 0.1%, and 0.4%). In vitro digestibility assays showed that pentoses release increased 45% with 0.4% SSF-BSG extract and 25% with Natugrain supplemented diets, while amino acids release was not affected. A negative interaction between endogenous fish enzymes and SSF-BSG extract was observed in both diets. The in vivo digestibility assay corroborated in vitro data. Accordingly, the dietary supplementation with 0.4% SSF-BSG increased the digestibility of dry matter, starch, cellulose, glucans, and energy and did not affect protein digestibility. The present work showed the high potential of BSG to produce an added-value functional supplement with high carbohydrases activity and its potential contribution to the circular economy by improving the nutritional value of low-cost and sustainable ingredients that can be included in aquafeeds.

Este trabalho debruça-se sobre a situação-contratual da informação, considerando o texto midiático que se constitui sob a intervenção do tecnodiscurso no ambiente da rede social Instagram. Em função das possibilidades autorizadas pelo dispositivo, analisamos o acontecimento, transformado em narrativa midiática, a partir de uma roteirização seriada/sequenciada de notícias. Mais especificamente, examinamos postagens do Jornal Extra sobre a luta do ator Paulo Gustavo contra a covid-19 até sua morte e avaliamos a possibilidade de serem (re)organizadas por um “escrileitor” em vista de gestos tecnoenunciativos. Essa (re)organização narrativa é apreciada em nome dos efeitos de sentido amparados em imaginários sociodiscursivos.

Plant resistance to drought stress is a parameter that should be studied with more emphasis in the search for higher agricultural yields. In this scenario, research within breeding programs should be directed toward specific mechanisms of action and important agricultural crops in worldwide agribusiness. From this perspective, this study carried out a bibliographic investigation regarding the advances in genetic improvement aimed at drought stress in crops using a hybrid model of analysis of scientific articles. The analysis employed bibliometric parameters for qualitative and quantitative discussion of scientific production and the methodological process of systematic review for the synthesis of the results obtained. The work was divided into four stages: the search for articles in databases, meta-analysis, bibliometric analysis, and systematic analysis. Scientific articles were searched for on the Scopus, Scielo, and Web of Science databases within a 20-year timeframe. Most authors and institutions were from Asian countries, demonstrating the need for global expansion of research on the subject. With regard to the co-occurrence networks between the keywords used in the search, a focus was observed on the following terms: drought resistance, drought stress; drought, and drought tolerance. Evidently, the primary mechanism of tolerance or even resistance studied in breeding programs is associated with the expression of genes and genetically modified organisms that confer resistance to plants. Also, the crops addressed in the research retrieved are highly diverse.

Fertilization management is essential for forage production. However, excessive use of synthetic fertilizers causes environmental imbalances. An alternative to reduce these effects is to seek alternative fertilizers, such as wood ash produced from agro-industrial waste, when integrated with appropriate base saturation management. This study aims to compare the effects of fertilization with wood ash (WA), organomineral (OM), and mineral (M) fertilizers associated with different levels of base saturation on the growth and water productivity of Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a randomized block design in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of three types of fertilization (WA, OM and M) and three levels of base saturation (0, 25%, and 50%). Leaf area, chlorophyll index, shoot dry mass and root dry mass, water consumption, and water productivity of Zuri grass were evaluated. The results showed significant increases in leaf area, with values of up to 4564.5 cm2.pot−1 and a chlorophyll index of up to 36.2 units. In addition, the dry mass of the aerial part reached up to 46.7 g.pot−1, and the dry mass of the roots reached 21.7 g.pot−1 with the use of OM fertilizers. These values represent an increase of between 43.1% and 69.6% compared to the values of conventional fertilizers. In addition, water productivity reached 4.9 g.L−1 with WA-based fertilizers, an increase of around 39% compared to the values of mineral fertilizers.

Coinfection of HPgV-1 with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is common due to shared modes of transmission, with a prevalence of HPgV-1 viremia of approximately 20% among individuals with chronic HCV infection. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of HPgV-1 RNA and circulating genotypes in patients with hepatitis C from a health service located in the city of Belém, in the state of Pará, Northern Brazil. A total of 147 samples were included in the study from February to December 2019. Among the participants, 72.1% (106/147) were monoinfected with HCV, with detectable HCV viral RNA, and 27.9% (41/147) were coinfected with HCV/HPgV-1. The most frequently found genotypes were HPgV-1 genotypes 1 and 2 (36.6% and 63.4%), respectively. While for HCV there was a predominance of genotypes 1 and 3 (58.5% and 41.5%). No significant differences were found when comparing any risk, sociodemographic, or clinical factors between groups. Also, there was no statistically significant difference when relating the viral genotypes of both agents. This study indicated that the prevalence of infection by HPgV-1 is high in HCV carriers in Belém, Pará, and probably does not change the clinical course of HCV infection, however, further studies are still needed.

The use of water of high electrical conductivity has become common in hydroponic systems, especially in regions with water scarcity. However, the use of inferior-quality water can affect crop yields. In this scenario, some studies have tested the use of chemical conditioning agents such as hydrogen peroxide to minimize the negative effects of stress on plants. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the action of priming with hydrogen peroxide as a salt stress attenuator on the nutrient solution uptake and productivity of chives in a hydroponic system. The study was conducted in a protected environment with a randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement. The treatments consisted of a main plot consisting of the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 dSm−1) and a subplot with five hydrogen peroxide concentrations (0.0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, and 0.60 mM). The increase in the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution reduced bulb length, the solution volume applied, water uptake, total fresh mass, and the solution use efficiency by plants. Throughout the cultivation cycle in the hydroponic system, the consumption of nutrient solution was 459 mm lost by evapotranspiration. Acclimation with 0.60 mM hydrogen peroxide associated with 1 dSm−1 of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution favors bulb diameter in chives. The increase in electrical conductivity compromises the productive yield of chives.

Abstract School achievement is under a multiple factorial context related to student, school and family (SSF). Based on 23.141 Brazilians self-reports, obtained from PISA 2015, representative SSF measures were selected, and their impacts measured on school performance scores in mathematics, reading and science. The feeling of belonging to the school (BELONG) and parents’ emotional support (EMOSUPS) were strongly correlated with the three investigated performances. EMOSUPS affected how the student feels at school and when being assessed. And the educational and cultural resources of the home affected EEC three dimensions, increasing EMOSUPS, BELONG and school performance, and decreasing anxiety during assessments. Thus, the importance of the school and family environments on students’ performance is reiterated and calls for public policies in education that considers the three dimensions.

Benznidazole (BZ) tablets are the currently prescribed treatment for Chagas disease. However, BZ presents limited efficacy and a prolonged treatment regimen with dose-dependent side effects. The design and development of new BZ subcutaneous (SC) implants based on the biodegradable poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) is proposed in this study for a controlled release of BZ and to improve patient compliance. The BZ–PCL implants were characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy, which indicated that BZ remains in its crystalline state dispersed in the polymer matrix with no polymorphic transitions. BZ–PCL implants, even at the highest doses, induce no alteration of the levels of hepatic enzymes in treated animals. BZ release from implants to blood was monitored in plasma during and after treatment in healthy and infected animals. Implants at equivalent oral doses increase the body’s exposure to BZ in the first days compared with oral therapy, exhibiting a safe profile and allowing sustained BZ concentrations in plasma to induce a cure of all mice in the experimental model of acute infection by the Y strain of T. cruzi. BZ–PCL implants have the same efficacy as 40 daily oral doses of BZ. Biodegradable BZ implants are a promising option to reduce failures related to poor adherence to treatment, with more comfort for patients, and with sustained BZ plasma concentration in the blood. These results are relevant for optimizing human Chagas disease treatment regimens.

This study aimed to explore the influence of flight altitude, density, and distribution of ground control points (GCPs) on the digital terrain model (DTM) in surveys conducted by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). A total of 144 photogrammetric projects consisting of 399 aerial photos were carried out in a 2 ha area. These photogrammetric projects involved six GCP distributions (edge, center, diagonal, parallel, stratified, and random), six GCP densities, and four flight altitudes (30, 60, 90, and 120 m). The response surface methodology was used to find interference factors and total root-mean-square error (RMSEt) as well. The 60 m flight altitude presented was the most efficient. Central GCP distribution was observed to have low precision. Using stratified and random edge distributions, 10 GCPs are recommended to achieve geometric precision below 0.07 m at any flight height. However, for studies requiring up to 0.07 m precision, the best distribution was parallel with 4 GCPs at any altitude. Diagonal positioning of the GCPs showed RMSEt values below 0.11 m with 4 GCPs at any altitude. A good distribution of GCPs was found to be important, but the density of GCPs per image was more relevant when obtaining a lower RMSEt.

INTRODUÇÃO: A violência sexual contra a mulher possui proporção universal e não idealiza apenas a violência por meios coercitivos de agressão ao corpo da mulher, ela afeta a vítima tanto no aspecto físico quando no aspecto psicológico. Embora este tipo de violência deixe seus vestígios bem definidos, a maioria dos casos tornam-se sem resolução pois a vítima na maioria das vezes se cala em razão de uma série de motivos, destacam-se o motivo de temor ao agressor e a sua não responsabilização por ausência de provas. Nesse cenário, a perícia realizada em órgão oficial do Estado torna-se imperiosa ao auxiliar a justiça na busca pela verdade e na resolução de casos que envolvam agressões sexuais. OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão narrativa a respeito dos possíveis achados que indicam a ocorrência de uma suposta violência sexual contra a mulher em uma perícia médico-legal. MÉTODOS: Foi desenvolvida uma revisão narrativa, tendo como base a análise de 12 artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos na base de dados da Biblioteca virtual de saúde LILAC, SCIELO e MEDLINE versando sobre a perícia sexológica e seus achados indicativos de violência sexual em mulheres, através da utilização dos seguintes descritores: Perícia sexológica, achados, violência sexual e mulher. RESULTADOS: O alto índice de violência sexual contra a mulher é uma questão ainda latente no Brasil, isso porque a grande maioria das mulheres insistem em não registrar o ocorrido, seja por receio de que as autoridades não acreditem em sua palavra, vergonha do fato, e até mesmo por temerem a impunidade do autor do crime. Nesse sentido, a perícia médico-legal em casos de estupro torna-se instrumento comprobatório essencial para a investigação do suspeito, com a finalidade de reunir os elementos constitutivos do exame de corpo de delito para serem utilizados a favor da vítima, através de uma série de exames específicos realizados no instituto de medicina legal, além de acolhimento à vítima e abordagem cautelosa, detalhada e paciente com a mulher durante todo o exame. CONCLUSÃO: Em suma, percebe-se não há outro meio de analisar um fato, supostamente de origem criminal, que não seja a partir da avaliação e valoração de prova pericial. Existem achados decisivos para concluir casos de violência sexual na perícia sexológica, dentre eles, destaca-se a coleta de material biológico para análise e identificação genética do suspeito. Assim, um atendimento humanizado, atencioso e detalhado, somado ao maior número de achados possíveis indicativos de violência sexual na vítima para embasar o laudo realizado pelo Perito Médico Legista, possibilitam além de um resgate moral, a segurança jurídica que elas necessitam após o infortuno.

O objetivo deste artigo é defender a proposta da educação inclusiva como possibilidade de enfrentar dois tipos de violência escolar: bullying e preconceito. Tem como referencial a Teoria Crítica. Parte da hipótese de que escolas com maior grau de inclusão escolar teriam menos situações de violência e apresenta dados de pesquisa de duas entre cinco escolas estaduais de Guarulhos para testá-la: a de maior e a de menor grau de inclusão. Aplicaram-se dois instrumentos para identificação do grau de inclusão escolar e escalas a 83 alunos dos nonos anos para verificar a ocorrência de bullying, do preconceito e do autoritarismo dos alunos. Os resultados indicam que a escola de maior grau de inclusão escolar obteve menor grau de autoritarismo e da prática da discriminação entre alunos; já a frequência de bullying permaneceu semelhante nas duas escolas. O estudo conclui que o convívio com a diferença, propício às propostas de educação inclusiva, oferece possibilidades para refletir sobre os impulsos agressivos expressos pelo preconceito e, assim, refreá-los. Já o bullying parece necessitar de medidas para o seu enfrentamento que vão além da proposta de inclusão.

Na presente investigação objetiva-se mapear e discutir a produção acadêmica sobre a Educação Inclusiva em artigos científicos indexados em periódicos eletrônicos da área da Educação e Educação Física, entre o período de janeiro de 2000 e agosto de 2020, por meio da construção de um Estado do Conhecimento. Para tanto, foram sistematizados por meio dos descritores “educação inclusiva”, “educação física adaptada” e “educação física inclusiva”, os artigos publicados em 21 periódicos classificados em estratos de qualidade A2, B1 e B2, indexados na área da Educação e Educação Física. No tratamento dos dados, adotou-se as técnicas da Análise de Conteúdo. Como resultados, foram recuperados 57 artigos, nos quais evidenciou-se estudos que versam sobre a Educação Física Inclusiva a partir de pesquisas bibliográficas e revisões sistemáticas; percepções e atitudes de professores e estudantes; formação inicial e continuada de professores; atuação docente; e processo de inclusão de estudante com deficiência nas aulas.

This article brings contributions from the research “The work(s) of women teachers on the Brazil-Bolivia border” developed in the Graduate Program in Psychology at the Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD). From a mapping carried out on the Regional Portal of Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS), this research is based on Social Psychology in dialogue with Feminist Epistemology and Women's Work Studies in a gender perspective. We note the absence of research publications developed in border areas and the lack of analysis of the gender perspective on teaching work, specifically about women’s teachers work in border areas. Our analysis aimed to understand the multiple looks and meanings on the cultural, language and historic borders, as well as on the sexual division of labor and its influence on the public and private life of these female teachers who live and work on the borders.

ABSTRACT Background: Intentionality to remember is associated with better performances in episodic memory retrieval. The practice effect has better performance in memory retrieval. However, little is known about the effect of intentionality on memory over days and the influence of age, gender, and level of education on it as well as on practice effect. Objectives: To verify the effect of intentionality and practice effect on memory performance over days, using an ecological approach. Methods: One hundred and twenty subjects from 18 to 81 years of age and free of psychiatric and neurological disorders were evaluated. They were randomized into a “testing effect group” and a “intentionality group” and then were asked to read a text on the FIFA World Cup. The “intentionality group” was instructed to pay careful attention to the text because they would answer a questionnaire with 10 factual items from the text after 2 and 7 days. The “testing effect group” had the same procedure at the same time as the first group but were not instructed about the intentionality, and answered the questionnaire immediately after reading the text. Results: Memory performance was better 2 days after the exposure session than 7 days later in the “intentionality group”. On the other hand, there was no difference in memory performance from the “testing effect group” 2 and 7 days later. Conclusions: Intention to recall may enhance memory over a short period of days, while retaining similar amount of information over days to what was acquired immediately after text exposure.

Population growth and the need to exploit natural resources to produce food and guarantee food sovereignty reduce water availability, which can influence nutrient absorption capacity and production of plants. This study evaluated whether variations in soil water replacement levels promote changes in the mineral composition and biomass productivity of forage cactus varieties. A field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five levels of reference evapotranspiration replacement (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% ETo) and three replicates. Contents of the macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S; micronutrients Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cl, Na and B; and biomass productivity were quantified in two varieties of forage cactus (‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ and ‘Miúda’). The data were subjected to principal component and multivariate variance analysis. The mineral composition of the forage cactus varieties ‘Miúda’ and ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ can be optimized from soil water management, so as to obtain adequate nutritional balance for higher yield. The replacement level of 75% ETo promoted greater balance between nutrients in the cladodes of the forage cactus variety ‘Miúda’, while ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ had better nutritional balance with the replacement levels of 100 and 125% ETo. Soil water replacement levels of 100 and 125% ETo promote high accumulation of Na+ and Cl- ions in the cladodes of the forage cactus varieties studied. Highest biomass productivity of the varieties ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ and ‘Miúda’ was obtained with 75 and 100% ETo replacement levels, respectively. Among the varieties, ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ had a higher capacity for nutrient accumulation and biomass productivity, followed by ‘Miúda’, under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Brazilian semiarid region.

The posts exchanged in digital network demonstrate a multi-interaction and project a profitable sharing of information, opinions, new discursive genres and communication protocols. This is the case of meme, an emerging digital genre that quickly gains expressive power and communicational capacity. Precisely because of its "replicating" character, by repeating, totally or partially, what was said and / or the saying to express something new and to leave on the surface its imitative-transforming character, it represents, explicitly, the dialogism that pervades every statement. From the configuration of memes characterized as "mimimi", that is, of insistently questioning content, more specifically those that focus on the representation of women, we intend to analyze how a stereotype is fabricated, assuming that there are initially prototypical social representations with the potential to be generalized. In this analysis, we highlight the re-enunciation of fixed formulas, so commonly used in memes, in a visible process of intertextuality / intericonicity shared, especially, by netizens, as a factor for the reorganization of certain social representations. From a set of memes created around the "beautiful, demure and domestic" maxim, initially used by Veja magazine in April 2016, in the description of Marcela Temer, "first lady", this work intends to analyze the verbal-visual referential process in these statements, markedly stereotyped, as a communicative and axiological resource related to femininity. The theoretical basis for the analysis will be centered in the Semiolinguistic Theory of Discourse Analysis, in the interface with Textual Linguistics, with Theory of Social Representations, with Semiology and as a contribution related to re-enunciation.

The differentiation between the main crop and weeds is an important step for selective spraying systems to avoid agrochemical waste and reduce economic and environmental impacts. In this sense, this study aims to classify and map the area occupied by weeds, determine the percentage of area occupied, and indicate treatment control strategies to be adopted in the field. This study was conducted by using a yellow Bourbon cultivar (IAC J10) with 1 year of implementation on a commercial coffee plantation located at Minas Gerais, Brazil. The aerial images were obtained by a remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) with an embedded multispectral sensor. Image processing was performed using PIX4D, and data analysis was performed using R and QGIS. The random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms were used for the classification of the regions of interest: coffee, weed, brachiaria, and exposed soil. The differentiation between the study classes was possible due to the spectral differences between the targets, with better classification performance using the RF algorithm. The savings gained by only treating areas with the presence of weeds compared with treating the total study area are approximately 92.68%.

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar as discussões acerca dos dados coligidos no âmbito da pesquisa Inclusão Profissional de Trabalhadores com Deficiência Intelectual na Cidade de São Paulo desenvolvida no Laboratório de Estudos sobre o Preconceito, sediado no Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade de São Paulo. A pesquisa, realizada em 2017, objetivou compreender diferentes dimensões referentes à situação de inclusão de 20 jovens com síndrome de Down no mundo laboral. A partir de dados coligidos mediante a realização de observações e entrevistas semiestruturadas junto dos jovens, colegas de trabalho, chefias, familiares e amigos, a pesquisa analisou aspectos concernentes à satisfação pessoal, à produtividade e às relações sociais que se dão no ambiente de trabalho. De modo geral, mesmo diante da tendência generalizada de precarização das condições de trabalho de grande parte da população brasileira, os jovens demonstram satisfação com as atividades laborais, apresentaram produtividade compatível com relação às atividades a eles requeridas e mantiveram boas relações sociais com os seus colegas, chefias e clientes das empresas em que trabalhavam.

Mental disorders are disorders of the cognitive, emotional or behavioral condition of an individual. They can have several origins and are usually associated with expressive anguish and difficulty in various aspects of life, including school education. Mental disorders are accompanied by social stigmas which may be linked to the belief in genetic determinism, i.e., in the perception that mental disorders are unchanging. The objective of the present study was to understand the perception of Brazilian teachers of all levels about the etiology of mental disorders. The results showed that most of the teachers studied believe in the predominance or exclusivity of genes in mental disorders, and do not consider the environment as a potential influencer of their occurrence or mitigation. This perception approaches the belief in genetic determinism and can justify the labeling of students with mental disorders and the consequent perpetuation of social stigmas. It is therefore recommended to promote knowledge in this area, including knowledge of the dynamics of interaction between genes and the environment, helping educators to prepare and to be able to act according to the reality of each student without creating inappropriate stereotypes.

Citric acid production is generally carried out in an aqueous medium in stirred tank reactors (STR), where the solubility of oxygen is low and the oxygen demand of microbial cultures is high. Thus, for this bioprocess, providing adequate oxygen mass transfer rate (OTR) from the gas phase into the aqueous culture medium is the main challenge of bioreactor selection and operation. In this study, citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica W29 from crude glycerol, in batch cultures, was performed in two non-conventional bioreactors normally associated with high mass transfer efficiency: a pressurized STR and an airlift bioreactor. Increased OTR was obtained by raising the total air pressure in the pressurized STR and by increasing the aeration rate in the airlift bioreactor. An improvement of 40% in maximum citric acid titer was obtained by raising the air pressure from 1 bar to 2 bar, whereas, in the airlift bioreactor, a 30% improvement was attained by increasing the aeration rate from 1 vvm to 1.5 vvm. Both bioreactor types can be successfully applied for the citric acid production process using alternative ways of improving OTR than increasing mechanical stirring power input, thus leading to important operating saving costs.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there is an interaction between pepper extract (PE) supplementation and evaporative cooling regimens on the performance, thermal comfort, and metabolism of lactating cows. The experiment was designed as a double 4 × 4 Latin square using eight multiparous Holstein cows (days in milk 147 ± 43.8 days). Treatments were a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement; two evaporative cooling regimens [sprinkler cycles of 30 s on and 4.5 min off (R5) and 30 s on and 9.5 min off (R10)] were combined with no inclusion of pepper extract (CT) or 800 mg/cow daily of PE. The inclusion of PE allowed a greater reduction in the surface temperature of the coat, and the cows remained for longer periods in the feeding area. There was an interaction between the use of PE and the climate regimen for surface temperature, which was lower for PER5. Cows experiencing greater intermittency in the spraying cycles (R10) spent 35% more time at the feeding area. A significant interaction was observed for milk production, with greater production for CTR5 compared to the other treatments. The feed efficiency for R5 was higher than that for R10. The R5 treatment combined with PE reduced water intake. There was no significant difference in serum parameters other than gamma-glutamyl transferase, with an interaction between treatments and greater activity for PER10, and total protein and albumin, which had cooling effects that were higher for R10. The two factors tested interfered in different and dissociated ways. The evaporative cooling strategies were effective, and the R5 treatment resulted in higher feed efficiency and milk production. The inclusion of PE enhanced heat reduction in cows when they were subjected to a cooling regime.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effects of doses of nitrogen fertilizer in association with types of basal dressing fertilizers on the physiological characteristics of beet cultivar Early Wonder in a protected environment. The experiment was conducted in safe environment at the Federal University of Campina Grande, using a randomized block design with three replications and a 5x3 factorial scheme, in five doses of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg dm-3) applied through fertigation, and three types of basal dressing fertilizers (unfertilized soil, earthworm humus and earthworm humus + NPK). At 45 and 90 days after transplanting (DAT), it was determined the chlorophylls a, b, total chlorophylls, carotenoids and SPAD index. Organo-mineral fertilizer (earthworm humus + NPK) provides greater efficiency for the photosynthetic pigments when compared with organic fertilizer (earthworm humus) and without fertilization (control).The increase of nitrogen dose up to 200 mg dm-3 is the one which contributes most to the increment of chloroplastid pigments. Nutrients were absorbed by the plants and the humus and humus + NPK treatments supplied the nutritional demands during the beet cultivation cycle.

As paisagens urbanas são produtos de processos e relações sociais que refletem a cultura e o modo de vida de tal sociedade. Por meio da técnica, a natureza é transformada em objetos culturais expressos e materializada no espaço. A sociedade, como parte integrante da sua produção, cria funções e formas que constituem a organização espacial, com diferentes significados de acordo com as vivências de cada pessoa; esses fatores permitem a construção de conhecimentos globais a partir do lugar onde se vive, e os colocam em conexão com relações socioespaciais cada vez mais complexas. O objetivo deste trabalho é definir possibilidades de análise, leitura e representação da paisagem do centro urbano de Ipiaú-BA, com a identificação de seus principais signos, perspectivas e tendências que estabelecem ferramentas para o estudo da paisagem urbana no ensino de Geografia na educação básica. Teoricamente, o trabalho se apoia nos pressupostos da Geografia Cultural, destacando fundamentos também da Geografia Humanística. A metodologia buscou capturar os signos e elementos culturais presentes na paisagem urbana do Centro de Ipiaú, por meio da descrição e interpretação através de registros fotográficos, pesquisa de campo, além de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os principais signos e elementos culturais identificados na paisagem central urbana de Ipiaú foram: o Cine Éden, a Igreja Matriz de S. Roque, o Edifício St. Paula, o comércio e a Praça Rui Barbosa. A praça se faz presente como lugar onde esses elementos culturais, que são materiais, atuam como signos que estimulam relações imateriais que constroem e modificam o espaço constantemente.

O presente artigo é síntese de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo e de caráter performativo em dança em que lançamos o olhar para a Capoeira Angola, considerando suas possíveis contribuições para o processo de composição coreográfica e de formação do bailarino, tanto no que diz respeito aos aspectos técnicos quanto aos poéticos. O título do presente trabalho refere-se a um trecho de uma cantiga de capoeira “Quebra a cabaça espalha a semente”, e aqui a cabaça é metáfora de ventre e a semente do fruto que nasceu a partir do contato com as cantigas, imagens e jogos da Capoeira Angola. Desenvolvemos a pesquisa de campo no Projeto Águas de Menino vinculado ao Centro de Capoeira Angola Angoleiro Sim Sinhô (CCAASS). A vivência no projeto foi associada aos estudos sobre processo de criação em dança tencionando a reflexão sobre uma dança que joga com a capoeira marcando no corpo uma identificação afro-brasileira.

Introduction: One of the enamel defects that is a challenge to the pediatric dentists is Molar-Incisive Hipomineralization (HMI), an alteration of systemic origin characterized by a decrease in mineralization from one to four permanent first molars and frequently associated with permanent incisors, which may also be affected. Objective: The purpose of this work is to review the literature on treatment possibilities in molars affected by HMI. Method: Through a bibliographic review, the databases of the Virtual Health Library, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and Google Scholar were searched. The terms used were hypomineralization, molar, incisor, anomalies. Results: Treatments range from topical fluoride application to restorations and extractions. The decision of the treatment depends of the degree of affection in the tooth with HMI. The use of fluoride varnishes is essential at the beginning of any treatment the objective is to reduce the sensitivity present in these cases. Conclusions: Through this, it was concluded that, the establishment of a correct plan of treatment is fundamental for the dental element preservation, being necessary the knowledge of this alteration for the professional to make the best choice.

A palma tornou-se uma importante alternativa de forragem à pecuária bovina em meio às condições do semiárido, mas o ataque da cochonilha do carmim tem dificultado o cultivo da planta e a alimentação dos rebanhos. O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica e tem como objetivo sistematizar e analisar os estudos referentes à situação de vulnerabilidade devido ao ataque da cochonilha do carmim no estado da Paraíba. Segundo as referências encontradas o ataque do inseto é caracterizado por prejuízos, a principal medida de controle tem sido o plantio de variedades de palma resistentes e o impacto sobre a pecuária bovina ainda é pouco abordado, demandando atenção dada à forte relação entre a atividade e os efeitos da praga. Por parte dos órgãos competentes as ações se dão de forma isolada e pontual, são insuficientes ao problema que deve ser encarado como demanda de política pública haja vista os severos impactos que a cochonilha do carmim causa à palma forrageira que repercutem nos rebanhos e nas famílias criadoras.

A leishmaniose visceral (LV) é uma doença zoonótica de grande importância em saúde pública e as ações realizadas pelos Serviços de Zoonoses (SZ) podem minimizar seu transtorno. O objetivo foi avaliar a situação dos Serviços de Zoonose dos municípios na região de saúde de Presidente Prudente/SP e compreender o papel que eles desempenham na vigilância em saúde para LV. Foi realizado tratamento cartográfico da informação sobre a situação epidemiológica da LV e o tipo de SZ ofertado nos municípios de estudo. Dos 45 municípios estudados, 62,2% possuem SZ totalmente estruturado; 1,35% não possuem estrutura física e funcionam parcialmente; 0,9% não funcionam e 5,4% não o possuem. Concluímos que é de grande relevância o papel que os SZs desempenham na vigilância em saúde e há uma elevada quantidade de municípios que não possuem SZ estruturado, fato que pode dificultar no controle da LV, favorecendo a disseminação na região.

This study aimed to characterize the spatial variability of pH in soils of two farms in the state of Paraná, Brazil, based on two different sampling methods used in precision agriculture, by means of geostatistical analyzes. The first method of sampling the pH grid consisted in the collection of soil samples by the traditional method (1 point / ha). The second method of pH determination was by on-the-go soil sensor (200 points / ha). The spherical model was better suited to most semivariograms, regardless of the sampling method. After adjusting the semivariograms for soil pH determination methods, thematic maps were made using normal kriging. The best spatial distribution of pH was obtained where the attribute was sampled by the on-the-go sensor. The number of pH samples collected and the sampling method influenced the visual representation of pH variability.

A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) possui interdependência com regiões de florestas remanescentes modificadas, e os espaços rurais tendem a armazenar vetores e reservatórios. Esse estudo objetivou dimensionar diferentes situações de risco epidemiológico conforme a classificação epidemiológica e o favorecimento da ocorrência de LV em municípios que abrigam assentamentos de reforma agrária, pertencentes à Região de Saúde de Presidente Prudente, São Paulo. As regiões de estudo foram classificadas segundo a estrutura do serviço de zoonoses e situação epidemiológica, aplicando-se análise espacial e tratamento cartográfico das informações. De 45 municípios, 19 (42,2%) abrigam um total de 121 assentamentos, enfrentando diferentes cenários. Houve estreita relação quanto à disponibilização e atuação da equipe de zoonoses e a situação da LV, especialmente nos municípios de estudo silenciosos (receptivos ou não) e em investigação. Os resultados contribuem para a vigilância em saúde, apoio a decisão em áreas prioritárias e fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).

The mapping of pastures can serve to increase productivity and reduce deforestation, especially in Amazon Biome regions. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explore precision agriculture technologies for assessing the spatial variations of soil pH and biomass indicators (i.e., Dry Matter, DM; and Green Matter, GM). An experiment was conducted in an area cultivated with Panicum maximum (Jacq.) cv. Mombaça in a rotational grazing system for dairy buffaloes in the eastern Amazon. Biomass and soil samples were collected in a 10 m × 10 m grid, with a total of 196 georeferenced points. The data were analyzed by semivariogram and then mapped by Kriging interpolation. In addition, a variability analysis was performed, applying both the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) derived from satellite remote sensing data. The Kriging mapping between DM and pH at 0.30 m depth demonstrated the best correlation. The vegetative index mapping showed that the NDVI presented a better performance in pastures with DM production above 5.42 ton/ha−1. In contrast, DM and GM showed low correlations with the NDWI. The possibility of applying a variable rate within the paddocks was evidenced through geostatistical mapping of soil pH. With this study, we contribute to understanding the necessary premises for utilizing remote sensing data for pasture variable analysis.