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Objetivo da Investigação: Este artigo surge da vontade de dar continuidade a um trabalho de sustentação teórica e prática para a integração do filme em processos de aprendizagem na Geografia. Distinguindo entre i) filme e ii) vídeo didático, reflete-se sobre as qualidades intrínsecas do filme e processos envolvidos na sua receção, e implicações para o desenho e implementação de projetos de aprendizagem. Reflete-se, ainda, sobre as mudanças tecnológicas e culturais e seus encadeamentos formais e comunicacionais na produção de vídeos didáticos. Metodologia: Resulta de uma reflexão recursiva entre a literatura, a sala de cinema, ações de formação na área do cinema e uma prática de mobilização do filme levada a cabo desde 2010, com alunos e docentes de Geografia no contexto de Formação Contínua. Resultados: Identificam-se qualidades intrínsecas da linguagem cinematográfica na comunicação pedagógica e propõemse alguns princípios (no sentido literal de ponto de iniciação) que potenciam e orientam a abordagem cinematográfica em projetos de aprendizagem. Originalidade/Valor: Destaca-se o potencial do ensino cinematográfico na transformação do espaço pedagógico reunindo contributos para i) compreender os processos de significação potenciados no encontro entre Geografia e Cinema, já explorados na Geografia Cultural e ii) sustentar a implementação da abordagem cinematográfica, método singular e fundamental em educação.

La discusión sobre la globalización y la apertura de las economías es un tópico relevante dentro de la economía feminista. Frente a la postura acrítica de las ventajas de la inserción laboral de las mujeres en las cadenas globales de valor en los procesos de integración comercial, la economía feminista pone el foco no solo en la cuestión de la cantidad de puestos de trabajo, sino también en sus condiciones y, más fundamentalmente, en la afectación sobre la distribución de las tareas de cuidados y el deterioro de las condiciones de vida que este tipo de acuerdos puede tener. En este artículo, presentamos una serie de impactos que, en este sentido, tendrá el acuerdo de libre comercio Mercosur-Unión Europea. Debido a que el acuerdo aún no se ha puesto en marcha no es posible analizar su impacto efectivo. Sin embargo, en este documento, presentamos una serie de indicadores sobre distintas dimensiones que, potencialmente, afectarán de manera diferenciada a las mujeres en Argentina en el caso de que el acuerdo entre en vigor. Las dimensiones que analizamos son: por un lado, el empleo a través del análisis del sector textil y el sector público; y, por otro, la organización social del cuidado en dos niveles: i) a nivel macro, la provisión de servicios sociales y la provisión de infraestructura social para el cuidado; y, ii) a nivel micro, los efectos en los precios de alimentos y los precios de medicamentos.

Probiotics are microflora that can improve intestinal health and the immune system, positively impacting human health. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of free cells and Limosilactobacillus fermentum InaCC B1295 (LFB1295) cells encapsulated with cellulose microfiber hydrogel (CMFH) from oil palm fronds (OPF) against gastric acid, bile ox gall, autoaggregation, coaggregation, and hydrophobicity of surface cells to reach the columns with high viability numbers and be capable of attaching to and colonizing the colon. The research was carried out experimentally by referring to previous research methods. Research data in resistance to gastric acid and bile salts, autoaggregation, coaggregation, and cell surface hydrophobicity were analyzed statistically using the t-test and displayed in table and figure form. The results showed that free cells were more susceptible to gastric acid and bile salts than CMFH-encapsulated cells from OPF, as indicated by a much more promising reduction in the viability of free cells compared to CMFH-encapsulated LFB1295 cells from OPF. Hence, LFB1295 free cells had higher autoaggregation, cell surface hydrophobicity, and coaggregation values than CMGH-encapsulated cells from OPF. Free and encapsulated cells generally have high coaggregation values with fellow lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Pediococcus pentosaceus, compared to coaggregation with pathogenic bacteria, namely S. aureus and E. coli. These findings indicate that free cells or cells encapsulated with CMFH-OPF have excellent acid and bile salts, autoaggregation, coaggregation, and hydrophobicity and qualify as probiotics.

Abstract Introduction This was a multicenter, prospective, longitudinal, observational study involving eight Spanish tertiary hospitals to determine the interobserver reliability of an uveitis disease activity index, (UVEDAI) and assess its sensitivity to change in patients with receiving pharmacologic treatment. Methods Patients aged ≥ 18 years diagnosed with active noninfectious uveitis were included. A complete baseline assessment was performed by two ophthalmologists who determined ocular inflammatory activity using the UVEDAI index independently of each other. The principal ophthalmologist made a new visit at 4 weeks to determine the change in inflammatory activity. The interobserver reliability analysis was performed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), with the values of the variables and the UVEDAI obtained by both ophthalmologists in the more active eye at the baseline visit. Sensitivity to change in the UVEDAI index was assessed at 4 weeks from the start of pharmacologic treatment by determining the clinically relevant change, defined as a change in UVEDAI of ≥ 0.8 points over baseline. The mean change between both measures was compared using the repeated-measures t-test. Results A total of 111 patients were included. In the interobserver reliability analysis, the ICC for the UVEDAI value was 0.9, and, when compared with the mean UVEDAI values obtained by the ophthalmologists, no statistically significant differences were found (p value > 0.05). As for the sensitivity to change in UVEDAI, statistically significant differences (p value = 0.00) were found for the mean values of the index compared with baseline. In all cases, the index value decreased by > 1 point at the 4-week visit. Conclusions The interobserver reliability of the UVEDAI was high in the total sample. Furthermore, the index was sensitive in determining the change in inflammatory activity after treatment. We believe that UVEDAI is a disease activity index that enables objective comparison of results in clinical practice and trials.

IntroductionEnrolling children with cancer in early phase trials is crucial to access innovative treatments, contributing to advancing pediatric oncology research and providing tailored therapeutic options. Our objective is to analyze the impact of these trials on patient outcomes and safety, and to examine the evolution and feasibility of trials in pediatric cancer over the past decade.MethodsAll patients recruited in pediatric anticancer phase I/II clinical trials from January 2014 to December 2022 were included. Clinical records and trial protocols were analyzed.ResultsA total of 215 patients (median age 11.2 years, range 1–29.5) were included in 52 trials (258 inclusions). Patients with extracranial solid tumors (67%), central nervous system (CNS) tumors (24%), and leukemia (9%) were included. The most common investigational drugs were small molecules (28.3%) and antibodies (20.5%). Serious adverse events were experienced by 41% of patients, 4.4% discontinued treatment because of toxicity and two had toxic deaths. Median event-free survival was 3.7 months (95%CI: 2.8–4.5), longer in phase II trials than in phase I (2 vs. 6.3 months; p ≤ 0.001). Median overall survival was 12 months (95%CI: 9–15), higher in target-specific vs. non-target-specific trials (14 vs. 6 months; p ≤ 0.001).DiscussionA significant and increasing number of patients have been included in early clinical trials, suggesting that both oncologists and families consider it valuable to be referred to specialized Units to access new therapies. Moreover, our data suggests that participation in early clinical trials, although not without potential toxicities, might have a positive impact on individual outcomes.

Based on data collected from managers of wine tourism businesses in rural areas in Portugal, this study highlights the equal potential of female leadership in wine tourism. Specifically, women’s profiles, management practices and leadership narratives were analyzed and contrasted with corresponding data reported by their male counterparts. Concerning personality traits, no statistical difference between men and women was identified, which was also the case for some management practices, with sustainability concerns being important for both male and female business managers. Differences were found in communication with markets, being dominated by online devices, particularly with social networks in the case of women. As for their leadership position, women further tend to prefer a shared management approach in opposition to a more individualist management style followed by men.

Abstract The lack of standardization in the methods of DNA extraction from fecal samples represents the major source of experimental variation in the microbiome research field. In this study, we aimed to compare the metagenomic profiles and microbiome–phenotype associations obtained by applying two commercially available DNA extraction kits: the AllPrep DNA/RNA Mini Kit (APK) and the QIAamp Fast DNA Stool Mini Kit (FSK). Using metagenomic sequencing data available from 745 paired fecal samples from two independent population cohorts, Lifelines-DEEP (LLD, n = 292) and the 500 Functional Genomics project (500FG, n = 453), we confirmed significant differences in DNA yield and the recovered microbial communities between protocols, with the APK method resulting in a higher DNA concentration and microbial diversity. Further, we observed a massive difference in bacterial relative abundances at species-level between the APK and the FSK protocols, with > 75% of species differentially abundant between protocols in both cohorts. Specifically, comparison with a standard mock community revealed that the APK method provided higher accuracy in the recovery of microbial relative abundances, with the absence of a bead-beating step in the FSK protocol causing an underrepresentation of gram-positive bacteria. This heterogeneity in the recovered microbial composition led to remarkable differences in the association with anthropometric and lifestyle phenotypes. The results of this study further reinforce that the choice of DNA extraction method impacts the metagenomic profile of human gut microbiota and highlight the importance of harmonizing protocols in microbiome studies.