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Byline: Prabhudev. Hiremath, Divya. Nagabushana, Shruthi. Patil To the Editor, Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder with an incidence falling between 1:350000 and 1:900000 in Europe.[1] We report [...]

Although Worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) is one of the histopathological (HP) markers that has been utilized in risk stratification of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, its potential as an independent predictive factor for lymph node metastasis (LNM) and prognosis is least analyzed. Aim of the study is to analyze the relationship of various HP parameters to WPOI, their propensity for lymph node metastasis and prognostic value. This retrospective study included 140 patients diagnosed with resectable OSCC who underwent definitive surgery. Multiparametric HP risk assessment was done on the postoperative specimen and patients were categorized as low-risk WPOI (Type 1–3), and high-risk group (type 4 and 5). After categorization, 36.1% patients had low-risk WPOI and 63.9% had high-risk WPOI. Significant association was noted between WPOI and patient's age (p = 0.001), nodal stage (p = 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (p = 0.006) and neural invasion (p = 0.001). 87% patients with nodal metastasis had high risk WPOI. LVI (p = 0.014) and WPOI (p < 0.001) had significant predictive role in LNM. High-risk WPOI and bone involvement were found to be predictive factors for overall survival, and only high risk WPOI had strong correlation with disease free survival having significant poor prognosis. Analyzing WPOI is essential in reporting HP specimens in OSCC. High-risk WPOI can act as an independent predictor for LNM, early recurrence and poor prognosis. Incorporation of WPOI into TNM staging is recommended to improve clinician's ability to prognosticate and individualize treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dens invaginatus is a relatively rare developmental anomaly affecting usually the permanent maxillary lateral incisor. Various factors have been put forward regarding its pathogenesis. Involvement of crown/root has been reported as the coronal and radicular variety of dens invaginatus. One of the rarest variant is the Double dens invaginatus and only a few cases have been reported in the literature.This article focuses on a case of double dens invaginatus in an impacted maxillary anterior supernumerary tooth, the associated complications and its management

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma (DA) is a rare variant of ameloblastoma, accounting for approximately 4 to 13% of ameloblastomas. It is uncommon, aggressive in nature, and there are high chances of misdiagnosis. Clinical and radiographical features are similar to fibro-osseous lesions of jaw. We reported a case of 35-year-old male patient of DA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: In recent years, a new concept has emerged at the forefront of slide-based diagnosis and telepathology. This is the concept of whole slide imaging. This has very recently also been tried with smartphones using complex software for photo analysis and stitching. This study is aimed to evaluate and compare the use of Jenoptik photomicrograph camera and smartphone camera-based whole slide imaging (WSI) for various microscopic preparations and slides. The study also uses a commonly available IOS smartphone device, a commonly available phone to microscope attachment, and the most commonly used Adobe Photoshop software for all stitching purposes. Aim: To evaluate and compare smartphone and photomicrography-based whole slide imaging. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted at the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology in Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere. The samples included in this study are 10 slides of routine hematoxylin and eosin stain slides and 10 ground section slides of teeth and bone samples. Continuous photographs of the entire slide were captured using an IOS device and a Jenoptik camera attached research microscope at 10× magnification. The photographs were stitched using Adobe Photoshop 2017 software to obtain a whole slide image. Then, two observers analyzed the whole slide image for a possible diagnosis and thus compared the efficiency of both the methods. Statistical Analysis Used: The statistical Chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) H test were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 2010 Software. Results: Percentage of measure of agreement was 79.5%, 83.7% and 86.3%, 89.1% for the whole slide images taken in the smartphone and photomicrograph and analyzed by Observer 1 and Observer 2, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, it can be seen that the WSI by research microscopes is better than that with a smartphone and a compound microscope but still both the methods are equally good and can be followed with accurate results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oral cavity is an uncommon site for metastatic tumor cell colonization and is usually evidence of a widespread disease, with an incidence of about 1% of all oral cancers. The jawbones, particularly the mandible, are more frequently affected than the oral soft tissues (2:1). Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix is a rare tumor characterized by a highly aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. The purpose of this report is two-fold: To present a case of metastatic SCC of the uterine cervix to post extraction site in oral cavity, which is the first reported case in the literature, as per our knowledge and to analyze the possible mechanism of metastasis from the lower part of the abdomen to the post-extraction site and to gain additional knowledge in this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Traditionally, there are two treatment modalities for vital primary teeth with deep carious lesion, which include indirect pulp therapy (IPT) and pulpotomy. Enormous research and review in vital pulp therapy gave rise to a question, if primary tooth pulpotomy is obsolete, and should IPT replace pulpotomy? IPT has shown higher long-term success rates than any pulpotomy procedures other than mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Hence, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the success rates of IPT using calcium hydroxide and MTA pulpotomy clinically and radiographically. Materials and Methods: Eighty primary second molars were selected and randomly divided into two therapeutic groups of 40 each. Group 1 were treated with IPT using calcium hydroxide paste and Group 2 were treated with conventional pulpotomy using MTA paste followed by stainless steel crown. Follow-up evaluation was done at an interval of 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Results: The follow-up evaluation revealed 100% clinical success in teeth treated with MTA pulpotomy and one radiographic failure of internal resorption detected at 3 months. There was 100% clinical and radiographic success with teeth treated with IPT. Though there was one radiographic failure with MTA pulpotomy, it was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Indications being the same for both the procedures why not opt for IPT which offers several advantages over pulpotomy like fewer potential side effects, non-invasive, decreased chair time, child cooperation, and cost-effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of Papacárie® for caries removal as compared to the conventional method with respect to microbial flora, time, the amount of tissue removal, child's behavior, pain perception, and preference of treatment. Materials and Methods: Sixty primary molars of 30 children of age 4-9 years were selected randomly and divided into two groups of 30 teeth each: Group A treated by conventional method and group B with Papacárie® method. Results: Comparatively, no statistical difference was seen in microbial growth, total bacterial count, and lactobacilli count in both the groups (P =0.36). The mean cavity entrance size with group A was 0.98133 mm and group B was 0.26083 mm (P < 0.001). The mean preparation time for group A was 4.7 Mins (minutes) and group B was 17.96 min s (P < 0.001). Majority of kids of both group A and B scored 3 (Frankl Behavior Rating Scale) before and after the treatment showing no statistical difference in their behavioral score (P = 1). In group A 50% of children experienced no pain as compared to 86.7% in group B (P = 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the preference of treatment (P = 0.12). Conclusion: Thus, the Chemo mechanical caries removal method can be considered as an effective method to control pain and preserve sound tooth structure during caries excavation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dens invaginatus is a relatively rare developmental anomaly affecting usually the permanent maxillary lateral incisor. Various factors have been put forward regarding its pathogenesis. Involvement of crown/root has been reported as the coronal and radicular variety of dens invaginatus. One of the rarest variant is the Double dens invaginatus and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. This article focuses on a case of double dens invaginatus in an impacted maxillary anterior supernumerary tooth, the associated complications and its management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adenomotoid odontogenic tumor is an uncommon tumor of odontogenic origin. It is usually located in the anterior region of the maxilla associated with impacted canines. The purpose of this paper was to present a case of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor in a 14-year-old girl with unusual clinical manifestations involving an impacted mandibular lateral incisor as well as its treatment follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim Early childhood caries (ECC) is a profoundly impactful multifactorial condition that not only influences a child's overall well-being but also diminishes their quality of life. Given the limited availability of literature on the relationship between children's behavior and ECC, the present study utilized a standardized assessment tool to assess the association between ECC and behavioral changes in preschool children. Methodology Our study cohort consisted of 120 healthy preschool children, aged 18-60 months, evenly divided into two groups: caries-free (group I) and caries active (group II). Clinical features of ECC were meticulously inspected in each child, and the parents or caregivers completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), which comprises 100 questions related to a child's daily behavior. The total scores, the narrow-band subscales, and raw scores were obtained. Accordingly, for each raw score, t-scores were obtained using the graphic display. These scores were then subjected to various statistical analyses including the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's rank correlation method. Results Results of the present study revealed that there were no significant differences in behavior based on demographic factors such as gender and age. However notable differences were observed in several aspects of behavior between the two groups. Conclusion Caries-active children exhibited significantly higher levels of behavioral problems compared to their caries-free counterparts., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Asundaria et al.)

Context: Age estimation using radiographs by Kvaal and coauthors has shown to be reliable method, possible variation in ethnicity restricts its use in sample Indian population., Aims: Thus this study was aimed at evaluating the accuracy of age estimation formula of Kvaal and coauthors developed for Norwegian population., Materials and Methods: From the subjects (1-100) between the age group 20 and 50 years digitized intraoral periapical (IOPA) radiograph of maxillary central incisors was taken and length and width of the teeth were measured and their ratios were calculated and applied to Kvaal and coauthors formula. The estimated age and chronological age were compared, less accurate results were found in sample Indian population. Modified Kvaal's formula was then developed by using regression analysis of the ratios and to evaluate the accuracy of this formula, the study was repeated using same criteria and methodology on another subjects (101-200)., Results: Using Kvaal's formula standard error of estimated age was more in sample Indian population when compared with Norwegian population. Then modified Kvaal's formula was developed and applied to sample Indian population, which showed accurate results., Conclusion: This study concludes that formula which was derived from Norwegian population is not applicable to sample Indian population.

Trauma of the oral and peroral structures are one of the most common and frequent complaints after dental caries with which a child is being referred to a dental clinic. As an emergency, we tend to treat the injuries without understanding or neglecting the cause of trauma. The different possible etiological factors are unnoticed, not revealed or not noted while taking the history of the patient. Sometimes negligence of the etiology by the dentist himself or the accompanying person could influence the prognosis and prevention. Thus, this paper is an effort towards exploring the common yet unnoticed etiological factors of pediatric dental trauma which we tend to knowingly ignore.