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In this study, Au/α‐Fe2O3 sensing material was synthesized and used as the working electrode for dopamine sensing. The Au/α‐Fe2O3 composites were prepared with various loadings (0.5 %, 1 %, and 3 %) to enhance their sensing properties. All three composites were tested for dopamine sensing, with 1 % Au/α‐Fe2O3 showing the best response. The Au/α‐Fe2O3 composites were characterized using XRD, TEM, and SEM to confirm successful doping of Au on the iron oxide surface. The CV plot obtained by plotting Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) vs. dopamine (DA) was linear (R2=0.9872) for DA concentrations ranging from 6.25 μM–200 μM on 1 % Au/α‐Fe2O3. Similarly, the DPV plot between DPV vs. DA was linear (R2=0.9895) for the same DA concentration range on 1 % Au/α‐Fe2O3, with a detection limit of 0.19 μM. Interference and stability experiments were conducted with dopamine (DA), ascorbic acid (AA), and uric acid (UA). The results showed that DA sensing was not affected by the other two substances for up to 14 days. The signal results indicated that the current intensity remained at 90.75 % of the original, proving that this material has good stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a common indoor air pollutant. Due to its proven carcinogenicity, reducing indoor HCHO levels is a significant issue. In this study, a composite material consisting of zinc manganese oxide and BiVO4 was used as a photocatalyst for HCHO degradation. ZnMn2O4‐BiVO4 has efficient photocatalytic performance, wide application areas, high stability, and low‐cost advantages, making the substance a potentially useful photocatalyst that can be applied in fields such as energy conversion and environmental protection. BiVO4 was prepared by a hydrothermal method. It was further compounded with zinc manganese oxide to form composite as catalysts of different wt % ratios for photodegradation of HCHO using a fluorescent lamp as light source. The samples were characterized by using XRD, UV‐visible spectrometer, TEM, SEM, and photoluminescence spectrometry. The experimental data showed that 5.0 wt % zinc manganese oxide‐BiVO4 as catalyst had the highest HCHO degradation rate. The release of carbon dioxide and water increased the irradiation time. The degradation rate of HCHO was higher than that achieved with commercially available titanium oxide. The highest HCHO degradation rate was 66 % within 4 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a significant public health issue, especially in infants and toddlers. Early detection is crucial for prompt intervention. This study focuses on identifying reliable biomarkers for the early diagnosis of IDA in this vulnerable age group. Objectives: The primary objective was to identify and validate effective biomarkers for iron deficiency anaemia in infants and toddlers. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the prevalence of IDA among the participants. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted involving 200 infants and toddlers, aged between 6 months and 3 years, from pediatric outpatient clinics. Blood samples were analyzed for iron status biomarkers including serum ferritin, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and transferrin saturation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses. Results: The study found a noticeable prevalence of IDA in the sample population. Serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels were the most effective biomarkers in detecting IDA, showing a strong correlation with the condition. MCV and transferrin saturation also provided valuable insights but to a lesser extent. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels in the early detection of iron deficiency anaemia in infants and toddlers. These findings can assist in improving clinical practices for early diagnosis and treatment of IDA. The study also underscores the need for regular screening in this age group and suggests directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel Schiff base, N'-(4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzylidene) isonicotinohydrazide (S1) was synthesised by the condensation reaction between isonicotinohydrazide and 4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The chemo-sensing behaviour of S1 towards Ni2+ was investigated and confirmed that the S1 exhibited fair selectivity and sensitivity. Furthermore, it was noted that there was no significant effect of co-existing cations and anions on the detection of Ni2+. The complexation ratio of S1 and Ni2+ was confirmed as 1:1 with Jobs continuous variation method and two isosbestic points on absorption titration further supported by DFT calculations. The binding constant (Kb) for S1+Ni2+ was calculated as 22,769 M−1 and 22,134 M−1. Moreover, the obtained limit of detection (LOD) for Ni2+ was found to be 375 nM. Finally, chemosensing applications of S1 as a paper test strip kit in the environmental monitoring assessment laboratory for the recovery of Ni2+ from real water samples were successfully designed and evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An imine based colorimetric probe (3) was synthesized and explored it recognition properties against various metals. The absorption spectra of (3) showed absorbance maxima at 325nm. The addition of Cu2+ in the receptor (3), changed the absorption spectrum of receptor (3) with the appearance of a new band at ~385 nm. The association constant (Ka) of receptor (3) with Cu2+ ions was found at 2.3 × 105 M-1 with the formation of (receptor-Cu2+) complexes in 1:1 stoichiometry. The receptor (3) (C=1×10-5 M) is yellow coloured in CH3OH/H20 (80:20, v/v) and addition of Cu2+ results into green coloured solution. The LOD was found to be 183nM from 10 blank solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A linear Schiff-based receptor (L) containing two imino phenol units was developed for the selective fluorescent sensing of Zn2+ with a discriminating enhancement of 12-folds over the other surveyed cations. Within the huge plethora of Zn2+ receptors, this receptor is quite worth to mention because of its simple synthesis, low cost, no interference of Cd2+ and the judicious response availed with discernment. The spectroscopic (UV-Vis, fluorescence and mass) results, few mathematical models for determining analytical parameters such as binding constant (Ka), binding stoichiometry, detection limit, etc. and the frontier molecular orbitals were analyzed to explore the sensing ability of L and the mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]