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Large datasets are now ubiquitous as technology enables higher-throughput experiments, but rarely can a research field truly benefit from the research data generated due to inconsistent formatting, undocumented storage or improper dissemination. Here we extract all the meaningful device data from peer-reviewed papers on metal-halide perovskite solar cells published so far and make them available in a database. We collect data from over 42,400 photovoltaic devices with up to 100 parameters per device. We then develop open-source and accessible procedures to analyse the data, providing examples of insights that can be gleaned from the analysis of a large dataset. The database, graphics and analysis tools are made available to the community and will continue to evolve as an open-source initiative. This approach of extensively capturing the progress of an entire field, including sorting, interactive exploration and graphical representation of the data, will be applicable to many fields in materials science, engineering and biosciences., QC 20220608

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common pediatric soft-tissue sarcoma and accounts for 3% of all pediatric cancer. In this study, we investigated germline sequence and structural variation in a broad set of genes in two large, independent RMS cohorts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Genome sequencing of the discovery cohort (n = 273) and exome sequencing of the secondary cohort (n = 121) were conducted on germline DNA. Analyses were performed on 130 cancer susceptibility genes (CSG). Pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants were predicted using the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria. Structural variation and survival analyses were performed on the discovery cohort. RESULTS: We found that 6.6%-7.7% of patients with RMS harbored P/LP variants in dominant-acting CSG. An additional approximately 1% have structural variants (ATM, CDKN1C) in CSGs. CSG variants did not influence survival, although there was a significant correlation with an earlier age of tumor onset. There was a nonsignificant excess of P/LP variants in dominant inheritance genes in the patients with FOXO1 fusion-negative RMS patients versus the patients with FOXO1 fusion-positive RMS. We identified pathogenic germline variants in CSGs previously (TP53, NF1, DICER1, mismatch repair genes), rarely (BRCA2, CBL, CHEK2, SMARCA4), or never (FGFR4) reported in RMS. Numerous genes (TP53, BRCA2, mismatch repair) were on the ACMG Secondary Findings 2.0 list. CONCLUSION: In two cohorts of patients with RMS, we identified pathogenic germline variants for which gene-specific therapies and surveillance guidelines may be beneficial. In families with a proband with an RMS-risk P/LP variant, genetic counseling and cascade testing should be considered, especially for ACMG Secondary Findings genes and/or with gene-specific surveillance guidelines.

Purpose: High-risk neuroblastoma is an aggressive disease. DNA sequencing studies have revealed a paucity of actionable genomic alterations and a low mutation burden, posing challenges to develop effective novel therapies. We used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate the biology of this disease, including a focus on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL).Experimental Design: We performed deep RNA-seq on pretreatment diagnostic tumors from 129 high-risk and 21 low- or intermediate-risk patients with neuroblastomas. We used single-sample gene set enrichment analysis to detect gene expression signatures of TILs in tumors and examined their association with clinical and molecular parameters, including patient outcome. The expression profiles of 190 additional pretreatment diagnostic neuroblastomas, a neuroblastoma tissue microarray, and T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing were used to validate our findings.Results: We found that MYCN-not-amplified (MYCN-NA) tumors had significantly higher cytotoxic TIL signatures compared with MYCN-amplified (MYCN-A) tumors. A reported MYCN activation signature was significantly associated with poor outcome for high-risk patients with MYCN-NA tumors; however, a subgroup of these patients who had elevated activated natural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ T cells, and cytolytic signatures showed improved outcome and expansion of infiltrating TCR clones. Furthermore, we observed upregulation of immune exhaustion marker genes, indicating an immune-suppressive microenvironment in these neuroblastomas.Conclusions: This study provides evidence that RNA signatures of cytotoxic TIL are associated with the presence of activated NK/T cells and improved outcomes in high-risk neuroblastoma patients harboring MYCN-NA tumors. Our findings suggest that these high-risk patients with MYCN-NA neuroblastoma may benefit from additional immunotherapies incorporated into the current therapeutic strategies. Clin Cancer Res; 24(22); 5673-84. ©2018 AACR.

The leaves of Annona reticulate Linn. (Annonaceae), commonly known as Bullock’s heart, are frequently used as a substitute for Annona squamosa for the treatment of diabetes by various tribes in India. The leaves are also used for their powerful insecticidal activity, especially for destroying lice. Pharmacognostical study of Annona reticulate leaf samples were studied using of light, confocal microscopy, WHO recommended physico-chemical determinations and authentic phytochemcial procedures. Morphologically the leaves were dorsi-ventral in nature and were similar in external appearance to that of Annona squamosa. Anatomically the leaf of Annona reticulata presented significant features of a dicotyledonous leaf viz., upper epidermis, cortex, midrib and the lower epidermis. The physico-chemical,morphological and histological parameters presented in this paper may be proposed as parameters to establish the authenticity of Annona reticulata leaf and will be useful to differentiate the drug from Annona squamosa.