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Weak light detection is a current research topic and chlorine-containing lead-free perovskite materials are promising. In this research work, Cl-incorporated methylammonium Sb mixed halide perovskite (CH3NH3)3 (Sb)2(Cl)X I(9−X) derivatives were investigated for weak light detection. We have devised a solution-processable slow crystal growth (SCG) to fabricate 2D layered (CH3NH3)3 (Sb)2(Cl)X I(9−X) lead-free perovskite microcrystals. SCG facilitate only 1.51 atomic percent chlorine incorporation confirmed in FESEM-EDS analysis and band gap 1.98 eV determines the SCG grown lead-free perovskite molecular formula to be (CH3NH3)3 (Sb)2(Cl)X I(9−X). FTO/ (CH3NH3)3 (Sb)2(Cl)X I(9−X) PMCs/FTO self-powered photodetector detect 400 nm, 1µW cm−2 weak optical signal. (CH3NH3)3 (Sb)2(Cl)X I(9−X) respond to weak optical signals in the 300–600 nm wavelength range. Also, (CH3NH3)3 (Sb)2(Cl)X I(9−X) exhibit a high reflectance (> 70%) for the wavelength above 600 nm with its inherent thermodynamic stability is a candidate for use as a reflective layer in tandem solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unerupted maxillary central incisors significantly affect the function, esthetics, and confidence of young patients. Impacted tooth can occur because of number of reasons such as bony barrier, presence of odontoma, supernumerary tooth, retained deciduous tooth, or arch length discrepancy. During the mixed dentition stage, impacted central incisors are very common which bothers the child and the parents. Successful management of impacted central incisor can prove to be a big challenge for clinicians. Whenever there is a delay in eruption sequence, it is imperative for the dentist to find the etiology and formulate a treatment plan. Multidisciplinary management and proper planning are essential in the management of impacted central incisor. The present case report describes the management of a 9-year-old patient having impacted left permanent maxillary central incisor. The tooth structure was exposed using a diode laser was used as it was a conservative approach which provides a bloodless site for clinicians to operate and less postoperative trauma to the patients followed by orthodontic traction to align the tooth into proper position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction between methylammonium iodide (MAI (MA = CH 3 NH 3 +) ) and antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI ) in reflux conditions results in the formation of a 2D-layered perovskite phase, methylammonium antimony iodide ( MA 3 Sb 2 I 9 ). X-ray diffraction XRD and UV - Vis spectroscopy confirm that in reflux conditions, the reaction between MAI and SbSI in a 2:7 molar ratio (MR(2:7)) obtains the 2 D -layered MA 3 Sb 2 I 9 lead-free perovskite phase as the main product. The MR(2:7) MAI - SbSI reaction product in a carbon matrix in lateral electrode configuration exhibits a relatively high difference between light and dark current I light - I dark of ~ 55 µA at 1 V applied bias voltage. The better photoresponse for the MR(2:7) MAI - SbSI reaction product in the presented device configuration indicates that the lead-free 2D-layered perovskite structure ( MA 3 Sb 2 I 9 ) found assistance from the carbon materials for improved photogenerated charge carrier harvesting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We all know that the security problems are occurring seriously on the internet and ratio of cyber threats are also increasing rapidly. So, protecting the confidential, sensitive and some private information from unauthorized disclosure have become need of every organization or any individual. In computerized information, it will be required the techniques for providing the security for information. Various methodologies and algorithms such as cryptographic techniques or security tools have been developed for security point of view and work for searching new techniques is continuing. In this paper, we have reviewed on those encryption techniques, which are used to protect the information during transferring from one place to another on shared network. Sometimes these encryption techniques can be helpful to encrypt the storage information for keeping it secure. Here, we have tried to cover all those encryption/decryption techniques, which provide reliable security for information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract\nHIGHLIGHTSA flexible financial instrument that is frequently used to assess the fair value of options is the Binomial Option Pricing Model (BOPM). This study examines the innovative use of the BOPM in booking tickets, highlighting how it might improve decision-making in the quickly changing ticketing sector. The option pricing model is used in the study to solve the problem of cancelation fees in ticket purchases. The aim is to provide a solution that enhances the company’s reputation while also being in line with client pleasure. This study probably considers the dynamic nature of ticket prices, variations in demand, and industry uncertainty by using the BOPM. The model’s adaptability is used to customize a response that considers consumer preferences and expectations regarding cancelation fees. The utilization of the BOPM in the ticketing industry highlights the tool’s capacity to enhance decision-making procedures by offering a more sophisticated and customer-focused method for setting prices and developing policies.Introducing a call option in the booking system to reduce the cancelation charges.Using BOPM, to fix a premium for the customer who books a ticket early.Introducing a call option will be eco-friendly for the customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]