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1. Positive Expiratory Pressure Therapy With And Without Oscillation And Hospital Length Of Stay For Acute Exacerbation Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Author

Milan S, Bondalapati P, Megally M, Patel E, Vaghasia P, Gross L, Bachman EM, Chadha P, and Weingarten JA

Subjects
length of stay, acute exacerbation of copd, pep, hospitalization, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Stephen Milan, Praveen Bondalapati, Michael Megally, Eshan Patel, Pramil Vaghasia, Liam Gross, Elizabeth M Bachman, Puja Chadha, Jeremy A Weingarten Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, NY, USACorrespondence: Jeremy A WeingartenWeill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, 506 Sixth Street, Brooklyn, NY 11215, USATel +1 718 780 5835Fax +1 718 780 5836Email jaw9031@nyp.orgIntroduction: Pharmacologic management of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is well-established. Our aim in the current study is to determine if therapy with a positive expiratory pressure (PEP) device with or without an oscillatory mechanism (OM) in addition to standard care results in a reduction in hospital length of stay (LOS) among patients hospitalized for AECOPD.Methods: Two studies were performed and are reported here. Study 1: Patients admitted with AECOPD and sputum production were enrolled in a prospective trial comparing PEP therapy versus Oscillatory PEP (OPEP) therapy. Study 2: A retrospective historical cohort, matched in a 2 to 1 manner by age, gender, and season of admission, was compared with the prospectively collected data to determine the effect of PEP ± OM versus standard care on hospital LOS.Results: In the prospective trial (Study 1; 91 subjects), median hospital LOS was 3.2 (95% CI 3.0–4.3) days in the OPEP group and 4.8 (95% CI 3.9–6.1) days in the PEP group (p=0.16). In fully adjusted models comparing the prospective trial data with the retrospective cohort (Study 2; 182 subjects), cases had a median hospital LOS of 4.2 days (95% CI 3.8–5.1) versus 5.2 days (95% CI 4.4–6.0) in controls, consistent with a shorter hospital LOS with adjunctive PEP±OM therapy versus standard care (p=0.04).Conclusion: Adjunctive therapy with a PEP device versus standard care may reduce hospital LOS in patients admitted for AECOPD. Although the addition of an OM component to PEP therapy suggests a further reduction in hospital LOS, comprehensive multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.Clinical trial registration number: NCT03094806.Keywords: length of stay, acute exacerbation of COPD, PEP, hospitalization

Published
2019

2. Pharmacists and medication reconciliation: a review of recent literature

Author

Patel E, Pevnick JM, and Kennelty KA

Subjects
Medication reconciliation, pharmacists, adverse drug events, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract

Eesha Patel,1 Joshua M Pevnick,2,3 Korey A Kennelty11Department of Pharmacy and Practice, Division of Health Services Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; 2Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Informatics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USABackground: Adverse drug event (ADE) errors are common and costly in health care systems across the world. Medication reconciliation is a means to decrease these medication-related injuries and increase quality of care. Research has shown that medication reconciliation accuracy and efficiency improved when pharmacists are directly involved in the process.Objective: We review studies examining how pharmacists impact the medication reconciliation process and we discuss pharmacists’ future roles during the medication reconciliation process and then barriers pharmacy staff may face during this critical process.Methods: A comprehensive literature search from MEDLINE and manual searching of bibliographies was performed for the time period January 2012 through November 2018.Conclusion: Although the issue of rising costs and injury due to medication errors in our health care system are not solvable via medication reconciliation alone, it is the first and perhaps most critical piece of the medication management puzzle. As such, numerous organizations have called for pharmacists to expand their roles in the medication reconciliation process due to their expertise in medication management.Keywords: medication reconciliation, pharmacists, adverse drug events

Published
2019

3. The Hubble Space Telescope Survey of M31 Satellite Galaxies II. The Star Formation Histories of Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxies

Author

Savino, A., Weisz, D. R., Skillman, E. D., Dolphin, A., Cole, A. A., Kallivayalil, N., Wetzel, A., Anderson, J., Besla, G., Boylan-Kolchin, M., Brown, T. M., Bullock, J. S., Collins, M. L. M., Cooper, M. C., Deason, A. J., Dotter, A. L., Fardal, M., Ferguson, A. M. N., Fritz, T. K., Geha, M. C., Gilbert, K. M., Guhathakurta, P., Ibata, R., Irwin, M. J., Jeon, M., Kirby, E. N., Lewis, G. F., Mackey, D., Majewski, S. R., Martin, N., McConnachie, A., Patel, E., Rich, R. M., Simon, J. D., Sohn, S. T., Tollerud, E. J., and van der Marel, R. P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present the lifetime star formation histories (SFHs) for six ultra-faint dwarf (UFD; $M_V>-7.0$, $ 4.9<\log_{10}({M_*(z=0)}/{M_{\odot}})<5.5$) satellite galaxies of M31 based on deep color-magnitude diagrams constructed from \textit{Hubble Space Telescope} imaging. These are the first SFHs obtained from the oldest main sequence turn-off of UFDs outside the halo of the Milky Way (MW). We find that five UFDs formed at least 50\% of their stellar mass by $z=5$ (12.6~Gyr ago), similar to known UFDs around the MW, but that 10-40\% of their stellar mass formed at later times. We uncover one remarkable UFD, \A{XIII}, which formed only 10\% of its stellar mass by $z=5$, and 75\% in a rapid burst at $z\sim2-3$, a result that is robust to choices of underlying stellar model and is consistent with its predominantly red horizontal branch. This "young" UFD is the first of its kind and indicates that not all UFDs are necessarily quenched by reionization, which is consistent with predictions from several cosmological simulations of faint dwarf galaxies. SFHs of the combined MW and M31 samples suggest reionization did not homogeneously quench UFDs. We find that the least massive MW UFDs ($M_*(z=5) \lesssim 5\times10^4 M_{\odot}$) are likely quenched by reionization, whereas more massive M31 UFDs ($M_*(z=5) \gtrsim 10^5 M_{\odot}$) may only have their star formation suppressed by reionization and quench at a later time. We discuss these findings in the context of the evolution and quenching of UFDs., Comment: 18 pages, 14 figures, 5 appendices, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2023

4. DESI Observations of the Andromeda Galaxy: Revealing the Immigration History of our Nearest Neighbor

Author

Dey, Arjun, Najita, Joan R., Koposov, S. E., Josephy-Zack, J., Maxemin, Gabriel, Bell, Eric F., Poppett, C., Patel, E., Silva, L. Beraldo e, Raichoor, A., Schlegel, D., Lang, D., Meisner, A., Myers, Adam D., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Prieto, C. Allende, Brooks, D., Cooper, A. P., Dawson, K. S., de la Macorra, A., Doel, P., Font-Ribera, A., Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Guy, J., Honscheid, K., Kehoe, R., Kisner, T., Kremin, A., Landriau, M., Guillou, L. Le, Levi, Michael E., Li, T. S., Martini, Paul, Miquel, R., Moustakas, J., Nie, Jundan, Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Prada, F., Schlafly, E. F., Sharples, Ray M., Tarle, Gregory, Ting, Yuan-Sen, Tyas, L., Valluri, M., Wechsler, Risa H., and Zou, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present DESI observations of the inner halo of M31, which reveal the kinematics of a recent merger - a galactic immigration event - in exquisite detail. Of the 11,416 sources studied in 3.75 hour of on-sky exposure time, 7,438 are M31 sources with well measured radial velocities. The observations reveal intricate coherent kinematic structure in the positions and velocities of individual stars: streams, wedges, and chevrons. While hints of coherent structures have been previously detected in M31, this is the first time they have been seen with such detail and clarity in a galaxy beyond the Milky Way. We find clear kinematic evidence for shell structures in the Giant Stellar Stream, the Northeast Shelf and Western Shelf regions. The kinematics are remarkably similar to the predictions of dynamical models constructed to explain the spatial morphology of the inner halo. The results are consistent with the interpretation that much of the substructure in the inner halo of M31 is produced by a single galactic immigration event 1 - 2 Gyr ago. Significant numbers of metal-rich stars ([Fe/H]$>-0.5$) are present in all of the detected substructures, suggesting that the immigrating galaxy had an extended star formation history. We also investigate the ability of the shells and Giant Stellar Stream to constrain the gravitational potential of M31, and estimate the mass within a projected radius of 125 kpc to be ${\rm log_{10}}\, M_{\rm NFW}(<125\,{\rm kpc})/M_\odot = 11.80_{-0.10}^{+0.12}$. The results herald a new era in our ability to study stars on a galactic scale and the immigration histories of galaxies., Comment: 45 pages, 22 figures, 8 tables; Astrophysical Journal in press; Data at https://zenodo.org/record/6977494

Published
2022
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5. The Triangulum Extended (TREX) Survey: The Stellar Disk Dynamics of M33 as a Function of Stellar Age

Author

Quirk, A. C. N., Guhathakurta, P., Gilbert, K., Chemin, L., Dalcanton, J., Williams, B., Seth, A., Patel, E., Fung, J., Tangirala, P., and Yusufali, I.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Triangulum, M33, is a low mass, relatively undisturbed spiral galaxy that offers a new regime in which to test models of dynamical heating. In spite of its proximity, the dynamical heating history of M33 has not yet been well constrained. In this work, we present the TREX Survey, the largest stellar spectroscopic survey across the disk of M33. We present the stellar disk kinematics as a function of age to study the past and ongoing dynamical heating of M33. We measure line of sight velocities for ~4,500 disk stars. Using a subset, we divide the stars into broad age bins using Hubble Space Telescope and Canada-France-Hawaii-Telescope photometric catalogs: massive main sequence stars and helium burning stars (~80 Myr), intermediate mass asymptotic branch stars (~1 Gyr), and low mass red giant branch stars (~4 Gyr). We compare the stellar disk dynamics to that of the gas using existing HI, CO, and Halpha kinematics. We find that the disk of M33 has relatively low velocity dispersion (~16 km/s), and unlike in the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies, there is no strong trend in velocity dispersion as a function of stellar age. The youngest disk stars are as dynamically hot as the oldest disk stars and are dynamically hotter than predicted by most M33 like low mass simulated analogs in Illustris. The velocity dispersion of the young stars is highly structured, with the large velocity dispersion fairly localized. The cause of this high velocity dispersion is not evident from the observations and simulated analogs presented here., Comment: 27 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables

Published
2022
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6. Star Formation Histories of Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxies: Environmental Differences between Magellanic and Non-Magellanic Satellites?

Author

Sacchi, E, Richstein, H, Kallivayalil, N, Van Der Marel, R, Libralato, M, Zivick, P, Besla, G, Brown, TM, Choi, Y, Deason, A, Fritz, T, Geha, M, Guhathakurta, P, Jeon, M, Kirby, E, Majewski, SR, Patel, E, Simon, JD, Tony Sohn, S, Tollerud, E, and Wetzel, A

Subjects
Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

We present the color-magnitude diagrams and star formation histories (SFHs) of seven ultra-faint dwarf galaxies: Horologium 1, Hydra 2, Phoenix 2, Reticulum 2, Sagittarius 2, Triangulum 2, and Tucana 2, derived from high-precision Hubble Space Telescope photometry. We find that the SFH of each galaxy is consistent with them having created at least 80% of the stellar mass by z ~ 6. For all galaxies, we find quenching times older than 11.5 Gyr ago, compatible with the scenario in which reionization suppresses the star formation of small dark matter halos. However, our analysis also reveals some differences in the SFHs of candidate Magellanic Cloud satellites, i.e., galaxies that are likely satellites of the Large Magellanic Cloud and that entered the Milky Way potential only recently. Indeed, Magellanic satellites show quenching times about 600 Myr more recent with respect to those of other Milky Way satellites, on average, even though the respective timings are still compatible within the errors. This finding is consistent with theoretical models that suggest that satellites' SFHs may depend on their host environment at early times, although we caution that within the error bars all galaxies in our sample are consistent with being quenched at a single epoch.

Published
2021

12. 133P Phase I/II study of XTX101: A masked, tumor-activated Fc-enhanced anti-CTLA-4, in patients with advanced solid tumors

Author

Davar, D., primary, Knecht, J.G., additional, Vandross, A.L., additional, Perez, C.A., additional, Miller, D.M., additional, Powderly, J., additional, Bessudo, A., additional, Montazeri, K., additional, Mooradian, M.J., additional, Gupta, A., additional, Patel, E., additional, Fantini, D., additional, Paramasivan, S., additional, Crowe, D., additional, Duncan, M., additional, Uptain, S., additional, Luptakova, K., additional, and Sullivan, R., additional

Published
2023
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18. 133P Personalized circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) during neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) to predict response in patients (pts) with early-stage breast cancer (eBC)

Author

George, M., primary, Meghal, T., additional, Patel, E., additional, Litvak, A., additional, Jacoby, S., additional, Yin, F., additional, Shah, S., additional, Leitner, S., additional, Cruz, A.L., additional, Toomey, K., additional, Kalashnikova, E., additional, Watters, R., additional, Omene, C., additional, Rodriguez, A.A., additional, Jabbour, S., additional, Ganesan, S., additional, Toppmeyer, D., additional, and Liu, M.C., additional

Published
2023
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20. DESI Observations of the Andromeda Galaxy: Revealing the Immigration History of Our Nearest Neighbor

Author

Dey, Arjun, primary, Najita, Joan R., additional, Koposov, Sergey E., additional, Josephy-Zack, J., additional, Maxemin, Gabriel, additional, Bell, Eric F., additional, Poppett, C., additional, Patel, E., additional, Beraldo e Silva, L., additional, Raichoor, A., additional, Schlegel, D., additional, Lang, D., additional, Meisner, A., additional, Myers, Adam D., additional, Aguilar, J., additional, Ahlen, S., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Brooks, D., additional, Cooper, A. P., additional, Dawson, K. S., additional, Macorra, A. de la, additional, Doel, P., additional, Font-Ribera, A., additional, García-Bellido, Juan, additional, Gontcho A Gontcho, S., additional, Guy, J., additional, Honscheid, K., additional, Kehoe, R., additional, Kisner, T., additional, Kremin, A., additional, Landriau, M., additional, Le Guillou, L., additional, Levi, Michael E., additional, Li, T. S., additional, Martini, Paul, additional, Miquel, R., additional, Moustakas, J., additional, Nie, Jundan, additional, Palanque-Delabrouille, N., additional, Prada, F., additional, Schlafly, E. F., additional, Sharples, Ray M., additional, Tarlé, Gregory, additional, Ting, Yuan-Sen, additional, Tyas, L., additional, Valluri, M., additional, Wechsler, Risa H., additional, and Zou, H., additional

Published
2023
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23. Averting Lemur Extinctions amid Madagascar's Political Crisis

Author

Schwitzer, C., Mittermeier, R. A., Johnson, S. E., Donati, G., Irwin, M., Peacock, H., Ratsimbazafy, J., Razafindramanana, J., Louis, E. E., Chikhi, L., Colquhoun, I. C., Tinsman, J., Dolch, R., LaFleur, M., Nash, S., Patel, E., Randrianambinina, B., Rasolofoharivelo, T., and Wright, P. C.

Published
2014

27. Chemotaxis of C. reinhardtii Towards AHLs

Author

Patel, E.

Subjects
chlamydomonas reinhardtii, quorum sensing, ahls, pixel density, lcsh:A, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, chemotaxis, lcsh:General Works
Abstract

Quorum sensing is a widespread phenomenon in various environments, allowing organisms to display symbiosis, pathogenicity, etc. This mechanism has recently been of great interest with the newfound discovery that quorum sensing not only occurs in prokaryotic organisms like bacteria, but also eukaryotes like the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. With this novel information, the question remains regarding how these eukaryotes and prokaryotes interact amongst one another, potentially enhancing human health, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, etc. Through a chemo taxis assay using liquid algae cultures and capillary tubing along with pixel density analysis using the image processing program ImageJ, the movement of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was tested in response to molecules released by bacteria during quorum sensing called AHLs. Through various assays of AHLs, sucrose, and deionized water, the results were shown to be statistically insignifi- cant. However, the setup of the experiment showed great potential and provides a promising future for the direction of this research.

Published
2020

38. Protocol for tumour-focused dose-escalated adaptive radiotherapy for the radical treatment of bladder cancer in a multicentre phase II randomised controlled trial (RAIDER): radiotherapy planning and delivery guidance

Author

Hafeez, S, Webster, A, Hansen, VN, McNair, HA, Warren-Oseni, K, Patel, E, Choudhury, A, Creswell, J, Foroudi, F, Henry, A, Kron, T, McLaren, DB, Mitra, A, Mostafid, H, Saunders, D, Miles, E, Griffin, C, Lewis, R, Hall, E, Huddart, R, Hafeez, S, Webster, A, Hansen, VN, McNair, HA, Warren-Oseni, K, Patel, E, Choudhury, A, Creswell, J, Foroudi, F, Henry, A, Kron, T, McLaren, DB, Mitra, A, Mostafid, H, Saunders, D, Miles, E, Griffin, C, Lewis, R, Hall, E, and Huddart, R

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Daily radiotherapy delivered with radiosensitisation offers patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) comparable outcomes to cystectomy with functional organ preservation. Most recurrences following radiotherapy occur within the bladder. Increasing the delivered radiotherapy dose to the tumour may further improve local control. Developments in image-guided radiotherapy have allowed bladder tumour-focused 'plan of the day' radiotherapy delivery. We aim to test within a randomised multicentre phase II trial whether this technique will enable dose escalation with acceptable rates of toxicity. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Patients with T2-T4aN0M0 unifocal MIBC will be randomised (1:1:2) between standard/control whole bladder single plan radiotherapy, standard dose adaptive tumour-focused radiotherapy or dose-escalated adaptive tumour-focused radiotherapy (DART). Adaptive tumour-focused radiotherapy will use a library of three plans (small, medium and large) for treatment. A cone beam CT taken prior to each treatment will be used to visualise the anatomy and inform selection of the most appropriate plan for treatment.Two radiotherapy fractionation schedules (32f and 20f) are permitted. A minimum of 120 participants will be randomised in each fractionation cohort (to ensure 57 evaluable DART patients per cohort).A comprehensive radiotherapy quality assurance programme including pretrial and on-trial components is instituted to ensure standardisation of radiotherapy planning and delivery.The trial has a two-stage non-comparative design. The primary end point of stage I is the proportion of patients meeting predefined normal tissue constraints in the DART group. The primary end point of stage II is late Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 3 or worse toxicity aiming to exclude a rate of >20% (80% power and 5% alpha, one sided) in each DART fractionation cohort. Secondary end points include locoregional MIBC control, progression-free survival

Published
2020

43. Association between Reimbursement Incentives and Physician Practice in Oncology: A Systematic Review

Author

Goldstein, D.A., Patel, E., Richardson, D., Mitchell, A.P., Rotter, J.S., Wheeler, S.B., and Basch, E.

Abstract

Importance: Significant controversy exists regarding whether physicians factor personal financial considerations into their clinical decision making. Within oncology, several reimbursement policies may incentivize physicians to increase health care use. Objective: To evaluate whether the financial incentives presented by oncology reimbursement policies affect physician practice patterns. Evidence Review: Studies evaluating an association between reimbursement incentives and changes in reimbursement policy on oncology care delivery were reviewed. Articles were identified systematically by searching PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Proquest Health Management, Econlit, and Business Source Premier. English-language articles focused on the US health care system that made empirical estimates of the association between a measurement of physician reimbursement/compensation and a measurement of delivery of cancer treatment services were included. The Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tool was used to assess risk of bias. There were no date restrictions on the publications, and literature searches were finalized on February 14, 2018. Findings: Eighteen studies were included. All were observational cohort studies, and most had a moderate risk of bias. Heterogeneity of reimbursement policies and outcomes precluded meta-analysis; therefore, a qualitative synthesis was performed. Most studies (15 of 18 [83%]) reported an association between reimbursement and care delivery consistent with physician responsiveness to financial incentives, although such an association was not identified in all studies. Findings consistently suggested that self-referral arrangements may increase use of radiotherapy and that profitability of systemic anticancer agents may affect physicians' choice of drug. Findings were less conclusive as to whether profitability of systemic anticancer therapy affects the decision of whether to use any systemic therapy. Conclusions and Relevance: To date, this study is the first systematic review of reimbursement policy and clinical care delivery in oncology. The findings suggest that some oncologists may, in certain circumstances, alter treatment recommendations based on personal revenue considerations. An implication of this finding is that value-based reimbursement policies may be a useful tool to better align physician incentives with patient need and increase the value of oncology care.

Published
2019
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44. Construction of an L*— Galaxy: the Transformative Power of Wide Fields for Revealing the Past, Present and Future of the Great Andromeda System

Author

Gilbert, K., Tollerud, E., Anderson, J., Beaton, R., Bell, E., Brooks, A., Brown, T., Bullock, J., Carlin, J., Collins, M., Cooper, A., Crnojevic, D., Dalcanton, J., del Pino, A., D'Souza, R., Escala, I., Fardal, M., Font, A., Geha, M., Guhathakurta, P., Kirby, E., Lewis, G., Marshall, J., Martin, N., McQuinn, K., Monachesi, A., Patel, E., Peeples, M., Pillepich, A., Quirk, A., Rich, R., Sohn, S., Ting, Y., van der Marel, R., Wetzel, A., Williams, B., and Wojno, J.

Abstract

Our understanding of the M31 system will be transformed in the 2020s with wide field facilities for photometry (HST-like sensitivity and resolution) and spectroscopy (10 m class telescope, > 1 deg2 field, highly multiplexed, R 3000 — 6000). We focus on the power of these facilities to constrain the past, present, and future merger history of M31.

Published
2019

45. Blog Post: Production without medicalisation: AMR in Bangladesh's aquaculture, a one-health perspective

Author

Patel, E., Delamare-Deboutteville, J., Patel, E., and Delamare-Deboutteville, J.

Abstract

Disease-causing bacteria, viruses, and parasites can develop resistance to antimicrobial (AM) agents (like antibiotics, antivirals and antiparasitics) to which they were originally sensitive. This is known as antimicrobial resistance, or AMR, when treatments fail, infections persevere and spread to others. AMR is a “one-health” problem where the health of people, animals, plants and the environment are closely interconnected. In order to meet the global demand for aquatic animal proteins, the overall aquaculture production needs to double in the next 30 years. Intensification of the aquaculture sector will inevitably come with some diseases challenges and a risk to see an increase in antimicrobial use (AMU) to combat them making the sector a potential key site for the emergence and transmission of AMR. Bangladesh is the world’s third largest inland producer of fish and shellfish that contributes to the country’s economic success. In recent years, the aquaculture sector has experienced a high disease burden often associated with an increase in antimicrobial use. In this context, one of the key challenges for Bangladesh Aquaculture is to maintain sustainable production without medicalization. As one of the Fleming Fund listed countries, Bangladesh receives financial support to tackle AMR with a specific focus on surveillance of antimicrobial use, resistant bacteria, and AMR risks. An AMR workshop funded by the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) under the cross UK Research Council “Tacking Antimicrobial Resistance” program was held on the 12-13 of February 2019 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The workshop followed on from two UK-funded research projects on the microbial dynamics of disease within Bangladeshi aquaculture and on the disease management practices on farms and in hatcheries. Over sixty participants attended the workshop representing the Department of Fisheries, the Government of Bangladesh, the UK Government, non-government, intra-government, commercial

Published
2019

50. Kinetic Energy and Angular Distributions of He and Ar Atoms Evaporating from Liquid Dodecane.

Author

Patel, E-H, Williams, MA, Koehler, SPK, Patel, E-H, Williams, MA, and Koehler, SPK

Abstract

We report both kinetic energy and angular distributions for He and Ar atoms evaporating from C12H26. All results were obtained by performing molecular dynamics simulations of liquid C12H26 with around 10-20 noble gas atoms dissolved in the liquid and by subsequently following the trajectories of the noble gas atoms after evaporation from the liquid. Whereas He evaporates with a kinetic energy distribution of (1.05 ± 0.03) × 2RT (corrected for the geometry used in experiments: (1.08 ± 0.03) × 2RT, experimentally obtained value: (1.14 ± 0.01) × 2RT), Ar displays a kinetic energy distribution that better matches a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution at the temperature of the liquid ((0.99 ± 0.04) × 2RT). This behavior is also reflected in the angular distributions, which are close to a cosine distribution for Ar but slightly narrower, especially for faster atoms, in the case of He. This behavior of He is most likely due to the weak interaction potential between He and the liquid hydrocarbon.

Published
2017

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