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10 results on '"Patel, Tejal M."'

9. Performance of polyamide and polyethersulfone membranes in the nanofiltration of reactive dye-salt mixtures on pilot scale

Author

Patel, Tejal M. and Nath, Kaushik

Abstract

AbstractThin film composite polyamide (PA-NF) and polyethersulfone (PES-NF) membranes were used to study their performance towards reclamation of an aqueous solution of reactive red 198 and NaCl in a nanofiltration pilot plant. It was found that there were significant differences between the performance of the two membranes, and that the membrane properties played an important role in the dye removal rate, stable permeate flux, and salt rejection of the membrane. The experimental results showed that both the permeate flux and observed rejection decreased with an increase in dye as well as salt concentration in the feed. The maximum flux obtained with PA-NF membrane at 12.5 mg/l feed concentration was 11.4 × 10−6 m3/m2 s, whereas with PES-NF the flux was 5.5 × 10−6 m3/m2 s. The flux decline as a function of time for PES-NF membrane was much less compared to PA-NF. The contact angles of PA-NF and PES-NF membranes were found out to be 52oand 73o, respectively. Atomic force microscopy images revealed that the PA-NF membrane surface had more roughness than that of PES-NF.

Published
2014
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10. Comparative performance of flat sheet and spiral wound modules in the nanofiltration of reactive dye solution.

Author

Patel TM, Chheda H, Baheti A, Patel P, and Nath K

Subjects
Coloring Agents chemistry, Electric Conductivity, Membranes, Artificial, Oxidation-Reduction, Sodium Chloride chemistry, Time Factors, Filtration instrumentation, Nanostructures chemistry, Naphthalenesulfonates chemistry, Triazines chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry, Water Purification instrumentation
Abstract

Background and Purpose: Besides the opportunities for reuse, stringent regulations and growing public awareness demand an enhanced quality of effluent from dye industries. Treatment of an aqueous solution of dye (reactive red 198) was carried out in a nanofiltration unit using both flat sheet and spiral wound modules to obtain a comparative performance evaluation in terms of permeate flux and quality., Methods: Hydrophilized polyamide membrane with molecular weight cutoff of 150 was used for the experiments. Effects of trans-membrane pressure (TMP), feed concentration and addition of salt on permeate flux were investigated. Percent reduction of color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solid (TDS), and conductivity were determined to assess performance of the membrane., Results: The maximum flux decline was 16.1% of its initial value at 490 kPa TMP with 50 ppm feed concentration in spiral wound module, whereas the same in flat sheet under same conditions was 7.2%. The effect of TMP showed a quasi-linear increase in flux with increasing pressure. Increased permeate concentration led to the reduction in observed retention of dye in the membrane. The average reduction in color, COD, and TDS were 96.88%, 97.38%, and 89.24%, respectively. The decline in permeate flux was more in case of spiral wound module compared to flat sheet. However, spiral wound module performed better in terms of color removal, COD reduction, and TDS removal., Conclusion: Substantial removal of color was achieved in the nanofiltration experiments with a marked reduction in COD and TDS. The process allowed the production of permeate stream with great reutilization possibilities.

Published
2011
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