Search

Background: Brinjal is the important vegetable crop. The extensive use of heterosis in vegetable crops has led to the creation of numerous high-yielding hybrid cultivars. Newly developed hybrids should also be tested across environments to develop region specific hybrids or hybrid for all the regions. Methods: The purpose of the present experiment was to develop region-specific brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) hybrids through line × tester design and to gather information on heterosis and stability for fruit yield and associated characters at multiple locations of viz., Sardarkrushinagar, Jagudan and Bhiloda under the jurisdiction of S.D.A.U. in late rabi 2021-2022. Result: There were noticeable genetic differences in the material for the majority of the traits. Several crosses were identified which showed desirable heterosis for at least one yield component in individual and pooled over locations. Fruit yield per plant is the most important trait. Hybrid 'ISD-006 × GOB-5' showed the highest fruit yield and maximum standard heterosis for fruit yield per plant, fruit girth, fruit weight, total soluble solids and chlorophyll content index. The interaction of G × E was highly significant for the majority of characters suggesting the differential response of experimental material to the varied locations. Stability analysis suggested 'ISD-006 × GAB-6', 'JDNB-16-1 × GOB-1' and 'ABSR-2 × GAB-6' as the top three stable crosses for fruit yield per plant. Overall, 'ISD-006 × GRB-5' appeared to be an outstanding cross for fruit yield and its attributing traits in terms of heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis in individual and pooled environments. As well as it was found to be average stable for four major traits and stable in favourable environments for fruit weight and yield per plant. Also, incorporating hybrids identified in this experiment might potentially result in transgressive segregants in brinjal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pathogenicity of the fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae, commonly referred to as the green muscardine fungus, has been demonstrated against numerous insect species inhabiting various habitats. Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the impact of naturally derived adjuvants on the growth and spore characteristics of M. anisopliae. The natural polysaccharide (guar gum, gum acacia and carboxymethyl cellulose), vegetable oil (groundnut and cottonseed oil) and a synthetic adjuvant were used in the study at three distinct concentrations: 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% v/v or w/v. Among the various adjuvants tested, both gum acacia and guar gum at concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% were observed to have a positive impact on the growth of the fungus, resulting in enhanced radial mycelial growth, conidiospore production, surface area coverage, and conidiospore germination. Conversely, this fundamental study highlights the detrimental effects of synthetic adjuvants on the growth and spore characteristics of M. anisopliae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nature and magnitude of gene action was estimated for seed cotton yield and its attributing characters in four intra hirsutum crosses of cotton. The magnitude of dominance effect was higher for number of monopodia per plant, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight and seed cotton yield in almost all the characters. Epistasis components additive x additive (i) and dominance x dominance (l) were involved in the expression of number of monopodia per plant and seed cotton yield. Duplicate type of epistasis was observed for most of the character in most of the crosses. The magnitude of heterobeltiosis was high for number of monopodia per plant, number of bolls per plant and seed cotton yield in most of the crosses. Either low or moderate inbreeding depression in both directions was found for most of the traits.

1,2,4-triazole and Schiff bases are active against antimicrobial and antitubercular activities. Isoniazid itself reacts as antitubercular drug. The two dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship study was used to predicts the antitubercular activity of the synthetic derivatives. Two dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship generated model using partial least squares regression method which predict the statistically significant r²=0.8940, q²=0.8197, pred_r²=0.6675 and F test=50.6234. Two dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship generated equation of pMICs is denoted the antitubercular activity correlated with thermodynamic descriptor XAMostHydrophilic. Pharmacokinetic properties absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion were also predicted which useful for design the derivatives. A designed derivatives of 1-(3-(substitutidene)amino)-5-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluoro-6-substitutedphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)urea (B1-B10) were synthesized and spectrally evicted from fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance, 13C Nuclear magnetic resonance and Mass spectra as well as biologically evaluated against antitubercular and antimicrobial activities. From the biologically evaluated derivatives, compounds B2, B4, B7, B8, B9 and B10 were found to be active against the different antimicrobial species. Where as compound B2 also active against antitubercular species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cumin is an important spice that has been used for centuries in various cuisines around the world. Two cumin varieties (GC 3 and GC 4) were subjected to mutation to understand macromutational modifications. Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) @ 0.6% and gamma rays (190 Gy) significantly reduced germination and plant survival percentage as compared to 0.2% EMS and 130 Gy. Physical mutagens showed higher plant suravival than chemical mutagens. However, chemical mutagen treated plants showed more sterility than physical mutagens. Chlorophyll mutations were confined to rare albinos and small number of xanthas in the M2 generation. Morphological changes viz., miniature, loosly branched and thick stem were effective with seed treatment of 0.4% EMS for GC 3 and with 0.6% EMS for GC 4. The estimates of mutagenic efficiency varied with 0.6% EMS and 160 Gy for GC 3, while it varied with 0.6% EMS and 190 Gy for GC 4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, Lewis acid catalyzed reactions have been carried out between mefenamic acid, substituted aldehyde and semicarbazide in the presence of ZnCl2 to give the final compounds (E)-N-(2-(5-((substitutedene)amino)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenyl)-2,3-dimethylaniline, A. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectral studies and biologically screened for the antimicrobial, antitubercular and antimalarial activities. Among the screened molecules, the molecules A1, A3, A4, A6, A8, A9, A10 show activity against different antibacterial species. The compounds, active against different antifugal species are A3, A7, A8, A9 against C. albicans, compound A3 is active against A. niger. Whereas, compound A9 shows good antimycobacterial activity. Compound A6 having 4-hydroxybenzenesubstituent exhibits promising activity against P. falciparum antimalerial parasite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here we discuss and prove that the graphs attained by switching of any vertex with degree two which is adjacent to a vertex with degree two in triangular snake Tm, switching of any vertex with degree one in path Pm for m ≥ 3 and m odd, Switching of vertex with degree two in Pm except vertices u2 or um-1 with m > 4 and switching of any vertex in cycle Cm are an edge product cordial graphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different biocontrol agents against shoot and fruit borer, Earias vittella (Fabricius) infesting okra at Biological Control farm, Anand Agricultural University, Anand (Gujarat) during two successive years, kharif, 2018 and 2019. Among the different biocontrol agents evaluated, the plots sprayed with Bacillus thuringiensis @ 5 g/litre for three times at fortnightly interval witnessed lowest larval population (0.52 larva(e)/plant)and fruit damage (7.00%-number basis, 8.09%-weight basis). The treatment comprising six releases of egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis @ 50,000 parasitoids/ha was found next effective treatment with lower larval population (0.67larva(e)/plant) and fruit damage (8.19%-number basis, 9.97%-weight basis). This bio-efficacy of egg parasitoid T. chilonis was statistically at par with the efficacy of treatments viz., Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) @ 5% and Beauveria bassiana@ 5 g/litre. The highest fruit yield was documented in the treatment B. thuringiensis @ 5 g/litre (111.02 q/ha, CB ratio 1:2.79) followed by the treatments T. chilonis @ 50,000 parasitoids/ha (105.10 q/ha, CB ratio 1:2.77) and NSKE @ 5% (104.64 q/ha, CB ratio 1:2.76). The significant findings of this study could be used to frame BIPM strategy for the management of shoot and fruit borer, E. vittella in okra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study was undertaken to investigate the effect of single and twin kidding on blood bio-chemical, hormonal profiles and production performance of 14 goats. The animals were divided into group1 (single kid, n=7) and group 2 (twin kids, n= 7). The blood samples were collected on 0, 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 day of parturition for analysis of blood profiles. Milk yield and fat% were also recorded on different test days. Serum glucose, albumin, BUN and cholesterol was higher in twin bearing dam; however, it was not significantly (P<0.05) different. Overall total protein and NEFA was higher in singlet bearing goats on 0 and 45 days of parturition. Cortisol was significantly (P<0.05) higher in singlet bearing goats initially (7d) during kidding, however overall cortisol level was higher in twin bearing dams, indicating fast recovery of stress in singlet bearing goats. Level of estrogen was also higher in twin bearing goats. Milk yield was significantly higher in twin bearing goats. It was therefore inferred that kidding pattern had a marked influence on blood profiles and production performance in Surti goats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a graph G = (V(G);E(G)) having no isolated vertex, a function f : E(G) → {0,1} is called an edge product cordial labeling of graph G, if the induced vertex labeling function defined by the product of labels of incident edges to each vertex be such that the number of edges with label 0 and the number of edges with label 1 differ by at the most 1 and the number of vertices with label 0 and the number of vertices with label 1 also differ by at the most 1. In this paper we discuss the edge product cordial labeling of the graphs W(t)n, PSn and DPSn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]